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£^a£tiA:5' 



A HISTORY 



OF 



JlONMOUTH AND fCEAN fOUNTIES, 

EMBRACING A 

GENEALOGICAL RECORD 

Of Earliest Settlers in Monmouth and Ocean Coun- 
ties AND their Descendants. 

"THE INDIANS: 

Their Language, Manners arjcl Custon:is. 
IMPORTANT HISTORICAL EVENTS. 

The Revolutionary War, 

Battle of Monmouth, 

The War of the Rebenion. 

Xan^cs of Officers al^i Mci? of Monmohtli rmJ 6ccrti7 Co^zntic^ 
ensragcd 117 it, etc., etc. 

By EDWIN SALTER. 



BAYONNE, N. J. : 

E. Gardner & S"on, Publisher!?, 

1890. 



INDEX 



Titlo Pat^'f i 

Ii.nsTRATiox — roitrait of the Autlmr ii 

Preface by the Editor iii 

Ol»itnar>- Notice of Edwin Halter, the Author v 

liio^raphy of the Author . . vii 

Table of Coutents xi 

Salter Family Crest x v 

Introductory 1 

Historj' of Monmouth and Ocean Counties ."» 

An Ancient Patent 11 

Founders of Monmouth ; 1 2 

A Woman, of Coxirse ! . : 1 :{ 

A Memorable Scene 14 

The First Enj^lish Settler of New Jersey K; 

The Twelve Patentees 1 C 

The Rhode Island Monmouth Association 17 

The Mcmmovith Patent 24 

Commencement of Settlements 27 

The First Legislative Assembly in New Jersey ;i2 

Buying Land of the Indians , :{;{ 

Monmouth County — When Established -.iCt 

Discovery of Ocean County 87 

Old Monmouth Described by an Ancient Writer 38 

Old Monmouth lender the Diatch , 4(1 

Causes of the Revolution, etc 42 

Boston Acknowledges Monmouth Contributions .",2 

Indian Claims in Monmouth, Ocean, etc Is 

Members of Pro\Tncial Assembly. . . . • ... I'lii 

Early History of ( )ld Mounxiuth i\-> 

Trailitionary Stories of the Indians . . t;\ 

Indian Will, an Ecceutiic Aboriginal (17 

Indian Peter . 72 

An Indian Dinner — A Savory Dish. 7:t 

Capt. William Tom 71 

Privateering 7s 

Pnvateeriug During the Revolution SO 

Old Monmouth During the Revolutioii. . ,s.", 

Freehold in the Revolution. <)(l 



INDEX. 

Upper Freehold ^^ 

Old Times— An Ancient Tavern Book !)5 

Old Times in Ocean County 9^ 

The Coining of the White Man Ill 

Townships in Ocean County 115 

Our Coast il-^ 

Scenes in Old Monmouth I'^l 

Ancient Maps and Charts 121 

The Revolutionary War— Names of Soldiers 13J 

The Battle of Monmouth 152 

Old Times in Old Monmouth l(>fi 

The Attack on the Russell Family 170 

Phil. White's Capture and Death 172 

Mannahawken in the Revolution 174 

Execution of a Spy 1^2 

Capt. Joshua Huddy, the Hero of Toms River 183 

Toms River During the Revolution 191 

Privateering at Toms Rivei IM 

Death of Capt. Joshua Studson .' . 202 

The Attack on Toms River 204 

Capt. John Bacon, the Refugee Leader 207 

Bacon at Goodluck, Forked River, etc 208 

The Massacre on Long Beach 209 

Death of Bacon, the Notorious Refugee 210 

Dick Bird, the Potters Creek Outlaw 212 

The Refugee Davenport and his Death 213 

Mannahawken in the Revolution :^14 

Fifth Company Monmouth Militia 214 

Illustration — Cuts of Old Tenneut Church aind Parsonage 215 

The Old Tennent Church 215 

Visitors at the Battle Ground 216 

Cai^tain MoUie Pitcher 220 

Remarkal)le Trial of Rev. Wm. Tennent for Perjury 221 

Toms River During the Revolution 220 

Barnegat 237 

Relij^ious History 241 

Methodism in Old Monmouth 242 

Ei)isco])aLianism in Old Monmouth 244 

The Roge.riue Baptists 249 

Morinonism in Ocean County 252 

Ej)iscopalianism in Barnegat 254 

lieligious Societies , 255 

Early Settlers —Creation of Townships, etc 267 

Old Times in Ocean County — Last War with England 290 

Birthplace of Universalism 294 

Ilij-stration - Old Potter Church at Goodluck 295 

I'oRTHAiT of Parson Murray of (joodluck (Uiurch 297 

Capt. Adam Hyler 298 



INDEX. !i; 

!W Jersey Watering Places 304 

•iiteuuial Year of Faace 309 

igh Price for a Moumouth Book 313 

An Amusing StraUgem 314 

The Skirmish at Mannahawken .... 31fi 

Ili.cstk.\tiox -Battle Monument, Freehold ... 319 

The Battle Monument -Efforts to Erect it 320 

Monument Meeting 321 

History of Battle Monument Organization 323 

Ocean County Soldiers in War of Rebellion 329 

Ocean County Pensioners 347 

Old Dover Township 351 

Nevesink 354 

Early Navigators 357 

Pui-chasers of Shares of Land ... 359 

Records of Cattle Marks and Estrays .... 362 

Geographical Index to Surveys in OceAn County 364 

Early Surveys in Ocean County 369 

Rev. William Mills . 370 

A Remarkable Indian 371 

Was Oliver Cromwell's Brother an Early Settler ? 381 

An Old Irish Patent of Nobility 382 

History of the Potter Church 384 

Presbyterianism in b'orked River 394 

Presbyterian Church at Forked River 396 

Gen. John Lacey 400 

History of the Baptists in Ocean County 403 

Island Heights 406 

Methodisni in Ocean County 409 

The Battle of Monmouth 411 

Inlets 418 

Salt Work;-; 419 

Character 'if the Refugees 420 

Revolutionary Reminiscences 422 

Almost Hanged by Mistake 423 

The Murderer Peter Stout 425 

Interesting; Events 426 

The Coasting Trade : 428 

Blacks in the Revolution 42*^ 

Ilhisteation— Ex-Governor Joel Parker 430 

Memorial und Biography of Joel Parker 431 

- Persecution of Quakers 438 

Tales of t'ne Fo.' xt and Sea 441 



INDEX. 
( -, HN F^. A L.C:>0 1 (3 A L^ H1\(X)T ^ I >. 



X — Abrahaui, Adam, Arlaiiis, Aldus, Alitor, Allen, A limy, Aiidersm 
Antonides, .Intrim, A£j)legatej Aruey, Arcliei-, AriKild, Arrowsmitb, 
Arsley, Ash ton, Aumack, Austin, Austen, Aston, Auckuian. 

B— Baker, Barcalow, Barkelo, Baivd, Bashau, B;ii-ues, Barclay, Bailey, 
Baley, Baylis, Beakes, Bedle, Beedle, Biddle, Bennett, Beere, Beers, 
Berry, Bibby, Bibbe, BigeLiw, Bills, Bird, lilackman. Boels, Boell, Bodine, 
Bollen, Booraem, Boorem, Borum, Borden, Burden. Bower, Bowers, 
Bowne. Bowker, Bow^ar, Boude, Bowde, Ijoyd, Boys, Buys, Bray, Breese, 
Briidey, B'iudley, Brittain, Britton, Isrown, Brower, Brewer, Bryan, 
Fryer,' Bnekalew', Bunnell, Bonnell, Burrows, Burtis, Buck, Buridj^'e, 
Bu'tcber. 

r- ('aui])l)eU, ('aiiil)uiu, Camock. C'aunan, Cannon, Carman, Cassa- 
booiji, ("arr, ('arbart, (barter, Carwitbey, (Jhadwick, Cbamberlain, r'bani- 
bers, Cheeseman, Cbesbire, Cbild, Cbute, Clark, ('larke, Clayton, Clifton, 
Clotliier, Codington, Cog^eshall, Cole, Coleman, Collins, Colver, Colwell, 
Combs, Comptou, Conklin, Cooke, Cook, C!ooper, Corliss, Cottrell, Court- 
ney, Covenbovcm, ('onover. Covert, Coward, Cowdrick, Cowpertbwaite, 
Cox, Craft, (!rane, Cranmer, Craig, Crome, Craven, Crawford, CrowoU. 

I) - Davis, Davison, DeBoogb, DeBogb, Del)ow, Denn,it. Deniso, 
Dennis, Denyke, Devill, Duell, Devereaux, DeWildey, Dey, Dye Dikeman, 
Dyckman, J^illon, Dorsett, Douglass, Dove, Drummond, Dungan. 

E Earla, Easton. Eaton. Eccles, Edge, Edwards, Ellis, Ellison, 
Em])son, Englisb, I'^.stell, Ei'riokson, Everingham, Evilman, Evillman, 
pjinanuel, Eiiday, End>ley. 

F Ealkinburg, Fardon, Fenton, Flinn, Fitbian, Fisb, Forinan, 
Foreman, Fuiman, Foxall, Freeborn, Frencb, Fveui^au, Frytbowirt, 
Fullcrton. 

(i -Gauntt, fiihoson. (hiibersou, Gihlions, Gitbml, Goodlxxly, 
(lordou, Gould, Goulding, Golding, Grandiii, Grant, Green, Grovcr, 
Gulick. 

H -Hall, TTaigbt, Haines, Haynes, Ualsey . HauiiUcm, Hampton, 
Haiu-e, TTaidvins, Hankinson, Hans(ni, Hart, Harkcut, HarAcr, llart.s- 
borne, Haring, Hatton, Hntton, Havens, Haviland, Heaviland, Hawes, 
Heard. 

li - Lefevcr, Tjafetia. Laiofi, Laird, Lanison.Lainbson, Lane, La.\^:onec, 
Lawrie, Laurie, Lay ton. Lawton, LeCock, Lacock, Le(^>oi\te, Leeds, 
Lett'erts, Left'ertson, LeLaistre, Masters, Ijeonard, Letts, Le vis, Lloyd, 
Ligbt, Limming, Lemon, Lincoln, Li])})ericotT7^ipp't' Little, Lon gstree t, 
Lucar, Luker, Looker, Lyell. . 

M Madd<icks, Malcolm, Mapes, Marsb, Mattox, McKay, McKniybt, 
Melvin, Merrill, Mestayer, .Vliddletou, Millage, Milledge, Miluer, Mills, 
Melon, Mellon, Moore, Moor, Morford, Morris, Moit, Mount. 

N Neper, Napier, Newberry, Newman, Newell, Nic-' .is, Msmutb. 

i) Oakley, Ogboru, OUpbant, Ong, Guug, Okoson, Osljorin!. 

P - Page, Paye, Pangbni-n, Parr, Patterson. Paul, PayL.e, Pearce, 
Pierce, Percy. Perkins, Perrines, Pew, Pbaro, Pbillips, Piiit.ird. Piatt, 
Polbemus, I'ntti'V, Powell, Predn.)ore, I'rcstoii, Price, Pnrdaiu, Pardon, 
Pnrdv . 



INDEX. 

R Race, Uees. Kaudt.lph. Fitz Raudoli.b, Keape, Recow. Rackhow, 
Reid, ReaCoi-a. Re!niuL,'tou. Reyu..Ms, Riuolds. Reushall, Rhea, Rea, 
Richardsou, Kidi,'way, Rol>biu.s, Robiasou, Rockhead, Rockhed, Rogers, 
Romeyn, Romiue, Rose, Ruckmau, Rue, Rnlou, Russell, Ryall. 

S— Sadler. Salem, Salom, Schenck, Scovel, .Salmou, Soott, Seabrook, 
Serah, Serjeant. Shakerly, Sbattock, Sharp, Sherman, Shepherd, Sheppard, 
Shiau. Shreve, Shockalea, Silver, Sihver, Silverwood, Sylvester, Si.ssell, 
Sussell, Skeltou, Slack, Slaght, Sloeuni, Smith, Smock, Smack, Snawsellj 
Snowhill, Solomon, Sooy, Soper. Southard, Speare. Spicer, Spragg, Stanliej 
Starkey, Stelle, Stephens. Stewart, gtilhvell. Story, Stout, Stephen, 
Swain, Swingler, Swiny, S\vinu}\ 

T— Taber. Tabor, Tallman Tartle, Taylor, Tharp. Thorp, Thompson, 
Tomson, Thornsborough, Throckmorton,' Tomkins, Townsend, Truax, 
Tucker, Tunison, Turner. 

U — Usselton. 

V -Van Brakle, Van Brockle, Vane, Van .\rsdale, Van Brunt, Van 
Gelder, Van ('leef. Van Cleve, Vanderveer, Van Doren, Vandoorn, Van 
Deventer, Van Dyke, Van Hook, Van Home, Vanhise, Van Kirk, Van Me- 
ter, Vaughn, Vaughan, Versvay, Vickers, Voorhees, Vredenburgh, Vroom. 

W-Waer, Weir, Waeir, Wainright, Walker, Wall. Walling, Wallen, 
Walton. Ward, Wardell , Warford, Wai-ne, Warner, Watson, Webb, Web- 
ley, Wells, Wills, West, White, Whitlock, Wilbur, Winner, Winnow, 
Wing, Wjlkin s. Willctt, WiUetts, WiUis, Williams, WiUiamson, Wilson,' 
Winder, Winter, Winterton, Wolcott, Woolcutt, Wood, Woodmansee, 
^Voodnlancy, Woodrow, Woodward, WooUey, Worth, Worthier, Wordeu 
Warden, Wyckoff, Wykoff. 

¥— Yard. 

[For additional names under H. I. J. K. L. and P of Genealogy, see 
pages Ixvii to Ixxx, as follows: 

H— Handell, Horndell, Harndale, Hearse, Hebron, Hepburn, Hedden, 
Helleus, Henderson, Hendrickson. Hepburn, Herbert, Harbert, Harbor, 
Heughes, Heyder, Hick, Higham, Higgens, Higbee, Hilborne, Hoff, Hoflf- 
mire, Hoge, Holmau, Horabin, Horndell, Hornfull, Horner, Horsman, 
Howard, Hubbard, Hubbs, Huddy, Huet, Huit, Hewett, Hulet. Hulett, 
Hull, Hulshart, HoUaert, Hun, Hunn, Hunlock, Hunt, Hutchinson, Hufc- 
ton, Hyers, Hiers, Heyers. 

I — Imlay, Ingham, Ingram, Inman, Inness, Isaacs, Irons, Ivins. 

J -Jackson, Jacob, James, Jeffrey, Jeruey, Jorno}^ Jerson, Jenkins, 
Jennings, Jewell, Juel, Jones, Job, Jobs, Johnstone, Johnston, Johnson, 
Jolly, Jolley, Judah. 

K — Kaighn, Kaighin, Ker. Kerr, Killie, Kimmons, King, Kinman, 
Kinmon, Ketcham, Kirby, Kipp, Kip, Knott. 

L — Lacey, Lafetra, Lambert, Lucar, Leonard. 

P— Parker. 



.A.^^ / 



*^r 



PRRFAGR. 



The work of gathering material and writing an accurate 
History of Monmouth and Ocean Counties covering a 
period of over two centuries, so full of interest to resi- 
dents of these counties and to the people of New Jersey, 
generally, occupied the spare time of the author of this 
work for nearly one-half of his life-time, or more than a 
quarter of a century. Not being engaged in active 
business during the last three years of his life, Mr. 
Salter's time was exclusively devoted to research and 
investigation for the purpose of securing reliable infor- 
mation in regard to the early settlers of Old Monmouth 
County of which the County of Ocean was once a part. 
In order to accomplish this great undertaking, the official 
records not only of Monmonth and Ocean Counties, and 
a number of other counties of this State were searched, 
but several other States were visited at great cost of time 
and means and the State and county records patiently 
and carefully examined — notably those of Western States, 
to which many of the citizens of Monmouth and Ocean 
Counties had from time to time emigrated. The result 
was, the obtaining of a vast amount of valuable historical 
information, the collection of a great number of interesting 
local incidents, and unquestionably the fullest and most 
valuable Genealogical Record of the first settlers of Mon- 
mouth and Ocean Counties and their decendants, ever 
compiled. For twenty-five years previous to his death 
Mr. Salter was a corresponding member of the New 
Jersey Historical Society and the recognized authorit}'^ on 
genealogical history, having been for years on its Stand- 
ing Committee of Genealogy of New Jersey families. It 
was conceded during the lifetime of the author that there 
was no man in the State so thoroughly informed of the 



JV 



rREFACE. 



history of first families of New Jersey (1664^1678) a^ 
Edwin Salter. 

The design in publishing this book, primarily, is to 
carry out the long-felt desire of the deceased author to 
furnish the citizens of Monmoutli and Ocean counties 
with a reliable and interesting historical work ; secondly, 
to perpetuate the honored name and memory of the dis- 
tinguished author, and thirdly, for the benefit of his 
esteemed widow, who for so many years encouraged and 
aided her husband in his arduous and responsible duties. 

To the undersigned — between whom and the lamented 
author there existed for nearly twenty years a close and 
abiding friendship — was assigned the dut}' of editing and 
preparing for publication the valuable material left by 
the deceased historian. In this responsible undertaking 
the Editor has studiously endeavored to omit nothing 
essential to the completeness of the history, but has 
striven to present the work in the form which he believes 
would have been acceptable to the lamented author. In 
the hope that it may be equally so to the citizens of 
Monmouth and Ocean counties, for whom it has especially 
been prepared, the work is respectfully submitted. 

E. GARDNEE, Editor, 

December 1, 1889. Bayoune, N. J. 



OBITUARY NOTIGEl. 

[From the Times andJonrudl, Lakewood, N. J., Dec. 22, 1888.] 

TO EDWIN SALTER'S MEMOEY. 



To p;ive in a cold and conventional way an outline of 
ihe life of Edwin Salter wonld be an easy, and to us an 
ungrateful, task. It is so little to the purpose that he 
lived more than sixty years; that he died at Forked 
River ; that he was a member of the Legislature and 
^Speaker of the House ; that he was for a score of years a 
x;lerk in one of the Departments at Washington — 
^hese are the things that we all know, and in some sense 
he may be measured by them. But our immediate con- 
cern with his life, now that he is done with it, is how and 
to what piirpose he lived it. Men of as little moment, 
after they go hence (and often before) as a dead letter in 
a waste-basket, go to the Legislature, sit in the Speaker's 
<?hair, or hold a clerkship under the government. The 
political status of the State has come to this, whether bj' 
progress or retrogression is of no moment here except to 
x,'ouf ront the face of the fact and be — it so happens often — 
rather belittled than distinguished by it. Edwin Salter 
was not one of the little men of either his time or his 
g;eneration. When he sat as a servant of the people, it 
was to their honor and his credit. When he was a gov- 
-ernment clerk, he was faithful and efficient. His public 
life was clean and meritorious. So much for truth and 
for him in this respect. 

But, com])ared to his life as a student and chronicler 
ioi State history, his public life was as a flicker beside a 
-flame. When the one is almost forgotten, and when it 
would h? entirely so but for his name being linked with 
It, his contributions to the career of the State and his 
<lelineations of the character of its men and women, will 



VI OBITUARY NOTIGE. 

be growing brigliter in a steadier, stronger light. When 
the one will be almost valueless save as a chronological 
fact, the other will be invaluable as a historical heirloom 
to all future generations of Jerseymen. By this work he 
will live in the association of men of renown ; his work 
will be perpetual, because upon its merits it will deserve 
perpetuity. His patience in collecting data, his industry 
in the pursuit of information, his care and judgment 
in selection, his love of veracity and respect for fact 
his clearness in detail and ability in setting the whole 
sum of his studies before the world, his modest and 
unpretentious concealment of himself — these are some, 
and only some, of the characteristics of Edwin Salter's 
life. Men of this stamp do not die and be forgotten. 
They are not ej^hemeral. They "still live" when the 
multiplying years have left their unrecognizable dust 
far behind. Students of history must pause to do 
honor to their memory and be grateful to them for the 
good they did with little hope of reward. Indeed, re- 
ward, beyond such as necessity may have entailed, did 
not enter into the consideration with Edwin Salter. He 
loved his chosen work, and gave of his means to it as 
freely as he would have lightened the burdens of a beg- 
gar at his door, giving all that he had. His private life 
was that of the Christian man — pure and undefiled. He 
was generous to a double fault, honorable to the breadth 
of a hair, mild and gentle as the village preacher whose 
life is perpetuated in undying verse, and true as the love 
that was beneficently given to him that he might share it 
witli others. Thus we knew him, and here we lay this? 
tribute to a beloved memory upon the bier of its de- 
parted shade. 



J BIOGRAPHY. 

Edwin Salter died at Forked Kiver, N. J., December 
15, 1888, aged sixty-foiu' years. He was the son of Amos 
Salter and Sarah Frazier, and was descended from some 
of the oldest families of Monmouth county— the Bownes, 
Lawrences and Hartshornes. His original ancestor in 
America emigrated from Devonshire, England, and set- 
tled at Middletown previous to 1687. He was a lawyer, 
a man of distinguished ability, which was illustrated in 
the part which he took as counsel with Captain John 
Bowne in the controversies of the people with the Lords' 
Proprietors. 

Edwin Salter w\as born in Bloomingdale, Morris Co., 
February 6th, 1821. While a youth, he removed with 
his parents to the more northern part of the State. At 
the age of fourteen, he became a member of a Presby- 
terian Sunday school in Newark ; three years later he 
made a profession of his faith in Christ, in a church of 
the same order. He subsequently removed to Philadel- 
phia and was there emx)loyed as a clerk in a bo<jk-store, 
but afterwards removed to Forked River and taught 
school. For a time he led a seafaring life, being master 
of a schooner in the coasting trade. 

In 1857 he was elected by the Republicans of Ocean 
county as their representative in the Assembly of New 
Jersey, the first Free Soil member in that body. He was 
returned for the Uo following years and in the session 
of 1859 he was elected Speaker and filled the position 
with great ability. In 1861 he received an appointment in 
the United States Treasury Department, which he held 
for five years, when he resigned. He was reappointexl 
shortly afterwards to a clerkship in the Fourth Auditor's 
office, where he remained till 1886, when he returned to 
Ocean Count}'. 



Till BIOGRAPPtY. 

He had a taste for historical research, especially in the 
study of geuealoj^ical lines. He spent much of his time 
in his later years in prosecuting his researches into the 
history of the early families of Monmouth and Ocean 
Counties, his residence at Washington affording him 
peculiar facilities for the work, through his ready access to 
the National Archives. The information here obtained 
was supplemented by searches of the public records of 
States and counties, north and south. At the time of his 
death he had accumulated a vast amount of historical and 
genealogical matter — the work of years of patient and 
laborious research — for a history of Monmouth and 
Ocean counties, Avhicli he had long contemplated pub- 
lishing. Beferring to notices he had prepared of the 
principal families now represented in Monmouth, he 
wrote in a letter to a friend on the 14th of November, 
1888, only a month before his death, " Take the matter 
altogether, I believe it will be the most complete account 
of the early settlers (and settlement) ever published of 
any county in the United States settled previous to 1700." 
Mr. Salter was the author of a series of historical sketches 
published in the Monmouth Democrat, 1873-'74, entitled 
" Old Times in Old Monmouth." His frequent contri- 
butions to the Journals of Monmouth and Ocean ov-er the 
signatures of " Selah Searcher " and " Pilot,'' bear testi- 
mony among others to his zeal in historical study and 
llis readiness to give the fruits of his research to his fel- 
low citizens. 

Edwin Salter's name stands enrolled as a member of a 
Presbyterian Sunday-school at Forked River, in 1831. In 
1860, he was superintendent of the same school, beside 
teaching the Bible-class. He married, in 1852, Margaret 
Bodiiie, of Barnegat, who survives him. Their son, 
George W. Salter, a most estimable young man, died at 
Bio de Janeiro, Brazil, March 27th, 1880, of typhus fever, 
■while stationed at that port as paymaster's clerk of the 
United States Naval Depot. 

Mr. Salter was a man of great force of character, gen- 
erous, op3n-hearted and strong in the maintenance of the 



BIOGRAPHY. IX 

right. He had no sympathy with lawlessness or lowness 
of aim. Without pretension, he aspired to the best in 
personal, domestic and social life. In his religious life 
there was no affectation or cant. A genuine heartiness and 
catholicity of spirit moulded his creed and his conduct. 
His manners were genial, his spirit was liroad and liberal. 
He was a simple-hearted, earnest Christian gentleman. 
He filled a large place in the affections of his friends and 
acquaintances, by Avhom his death is most sincerely 
mourned. 

He was elected a member of the New Jersey Historical 
Society on May 21st, 1863, and was esteemed one its most 
valuable members in promoting the purposes of its organi- 
zation. His remains were laid in the Masonic Cemetery 
at Barnegat, after a funeral service held at the Presbj-terian 
Church. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



8UBJE.GTS. 

Ocean County — Olden Times in ; Discoverj', Settlement; When set 
off and established ; Proprietors' Di\-ision of Lands ; First persons to take 
up lands ; Business in Old Times ; Genealogy ; Church History, Revolu- 
tionary and Miscellaneous Matter ; Scenes on the Coast ; Indian Tradi- 
tions ; Tales of the Forest and of the Sea, &c. 

History of Ocean County — Discovery by Henry Hudson in 1009 ; 
Exploring our Coast ; Buj'ing Land of the Indians ; Copy of the noted 
Monmouth Patent granted in 1665 ; Account of the purchases of lands 
from the Indians — prices paid and names of purchasers ; Settlers of 
Middletown. The Stout Family ; Tradition. 

Monmouth County — "WTien established. Henry Hudson's visit to Old 
Monmouth. Old Times in Old Monmouth ; The Battle of Monmouth; 
Causes of the Revolution — Principles involved ; The Battle Monument ; 
Monmouth under the Dutch. 

The Indians — Tools of the Intliiins ; Making Canoes ; Making Flour ; 
Indian Peter ; Traditions ; Indian Stories ; Indian Claims in Ocean and 
Monmouth Counties, and vicinity ; Indian "Will, a noted character. 

FiKST Families in Old Monmouth ; Privating on our Coast ; Old Mon. 
mouth During the Revolution ; Reminiscences, do ; Captain Joshua 
Huddy, the Hero Martyr of Old Monmouth ; Captain William Tom ; Con- 
gressional Representatives ; Episcopalianism in Old ilonuiouth. 

The Revolutionaky Wak — Soldiers of the Revolution ; List of Officers 
and Privates of Old Monmouth ; Toms River during the Revolution ; 
Privateering ; Attack on Toms River ; Burning the Village ; A Day of 
Horror ; Capture of Captain Joshua Huddy ; Attack on the Russell Family; 
Captain Adam Hyler the daring Privateer of the Revolution ; The noted 
Refugee Davenport and his death ; The last War with England. 

Toms River -Origin of the name ; IntUan Tom ; Religious History 
Captain William Tom ; The Rogerine Baptists ; Mormonism in Ocean 
County. 

The Pottee Church — The Rev. John Murray the first preacher of 
Universalism in America ; He sailed from England for New York, July 21st, 
1770 ; His accidental meeting with Thomas Potter and remarkable call to 
become a Preacher ; Birthplace of Universalism in America ; Celebration 
of the Centenary of Universalisu- at Goodluck in 1870. 



xii CONTENTS. 

Baenegat — Its discovery over two hundred years ago ; The first house 
"built at least as early as IV^O ; Religious Societies; First Church was a 
Quaker Meeting House built in 1770 ; The Presbyterians among early 
religious pioneers in 1760 ; The Episcopalians in 1750 ; the Methodists in 
1829 ; Records of the Several denominations, A:c. 

HiSTOEY OF Monmouth — An Ancient Patent ; Disputes between the 
Dutch tvnd English in regard to its Settlement ; the "Whites entering Sandy 
Hook in 1524 ; Provisions of the Monmouth Patent ; "A good land to fall 
in with and a pleasant land to see"; "Free liberty of Conscience %\'ithout 
any molestation or distiirbance whatsoever in the way of woi-ship"; Was 
Oliver Cromwell's brother an early settler ? 

The FoundeJis of Monmouth ; who they were and whence they came ; 
A Memorable Scene ; The first EngUsh Settler in New Jersey, Eichard.. 
. ytout, in about 1645 ; The Twelve Patentees ; The Rhode Island Monmouth 
Association ; List of names of persons who couti-ibuted toward buying the 
land in Monmouth of the Indians. 

Toms Eivee during the Revolution ; Sketches of the Leading Citizens 
ol Dover township, &c. 

Old Dovek Township — The Town Book of old Dover containing a list 
of Officers; from 17S3 down to 13C1 ; Proceedings at ancient town meetings; 
The poor of the townshijj sold annually ; Members of the Township Com- 
mittee allowed $1.00 per day for services ; The Fish laws : The record of 
Cattle marks and Estrays ; List of Presiding Officers or Moderators, from 
1846 to 18G1. 

Chukches and Societies in Ocean County — Presbyterianism at Toms 
River ; Methodism do. ; Baptist Seaside Association ; Island Heights ; Lava- 
lette City ; Episcoi^alianism at Toms River ; Baptist Church at Toms 
River. Presbj'terianism at Bricksburg. 

Ckeation of Townships in Ocean County ; Jackson, Plumsted and 
Union Townshij^s ; Interesting Records. 

History of Religious Societies, Banks, Roads, Railroads, Stage Lines, 
Seaside Resorts, Cranberry Statistics, Fish, Fowl, Game Laws, Forest 
Fires, ic. 

The AVak of 1812 — An Old Monmouth Preacher ; Ocean County 
Families ; FIr.st Families of Old Monmouth ; Freehold in the Revolution ; 
Historical Reminiscences, &c. 

Biogeaphical Sketches — Forman, Seymour, Holmes, Birdsall, Parker, 
Ashfield, Wright, Luystcr, Remsen, Rev. Obadiah Holmes, Earl, Tilton» 
and others. 

First Settlers of Old Monmouth — Founders of Families ; One 
Thousand Surnames ; Interesting Historical Incidents. 

C'ommencement of Settlejients — Warrants for lands granted ; 
Chuiclu's. 

First Sunday School at Forked River ; Presbyterianism and ISIethod- 
ism at Forked River, and Chiirches ; IIol.iios' Old IIlll ; Lr.cey Township ; 
Gen. Lacey. 



CONTENTS. ^111 

Ocean County Soldiers in tlio Wir of tlio Ilcoellion ; Names, poriods of 
Ealistnieuts, Names of Conipauies, disoliarges, transfers, deaths, Ac. 

Churches in Ocean Cwnty— Cedar Grove, Manchester, Collier's Mills, 
Pleasant Grovj, Stiiffordville, Point Pleasant, M.Hetociink, Manahawken, 
Cedar Kun, Herbertsville, Kettle Creek, Botbel, Whitin;^', Pleasant Plains, 
Bayville, Toms Kiver. Bricksbui^;, C.issville, West Creek, Bamegat, Wares- 
town, Quakers, Rogerine Baptists, &c. 

Dover To\rasHip— Roman Catholic Clnuch ; Bible Christian Church ; 
Cedar Grove M. E. Church ; Pleasant i'lains M. E. Church. 

Lakewood M. E. Chuuch Organized ; Methodists at Lakowool ; Epis- 
copalianism in Ocea.n County ; First Baptist Church at Bricksburg ; Liberal 
Christian Society at Lakewood. 

Lakewood— Hotels ; Joseph W. Brick ; Hotel and Land Association ; 
Tobacco factory. 

Presbyteriavism along shore as early as 1746 ; The Potter Universalist 
Church at Goodluck ; Baptist Church at Manahawken. 

Townships ; Plumsted Township ; New Egj^it ; Churche ; in New 
Egj'pt ; Sons of Temperance, Division No. 12 ; Plumsted Institute. 

Brick Township— Burrsville ; Metetecunk ; M. E. Church; Point 
Pleasant Churches ; Herbertville ; Point Pleasant Land Co. ; Arnold City ; 
Baptists in Brick Township ; do. at Kettle Creek ; Silverton M. E. Church ; 
Mantoloking ; Bay Head ; Churches, &:c. 

Ferrago-Bamber ; Forge built 18)3; Cren. John Lacey ; Lacey 
Township ; Eagleswood Township ; West Creek ; Staff o:\lville ; Churches. 




THE SALTER FAMILY CREST. 



The ])ul)lisher is iudebted to James Steen, Esq., 
Counsellor-at-Law, of Eatontown, N. J., for the Crest, or 
Coat-of-anns, of the Salter family. It was pasted iu a 
law book over one hundred and fifty years old, owued by 
Lawyer Steeii, which he generously loaned the publisher, 
and from which the above electrotyped cut was made. 
In his letter referring to the plate, Mr. Steen says : 

Eatontown, N. J., Sept. 28, 1889. 
Mk. E. Gardner— Dear Sir: 

Yours of 27111 received. While the pictiire is undoubteilly the C'oiit-of- 
aruis, it is techuicixUy called a '-book plate" when u.sed as in this case. 
■Richard Salter of 'Biirbados,' came to Monmouth county and was a Jus- 
tice here for many years, I think. The tirst time he appeared at Court was 
on May 2'A. 1704, when the Court sat at Shrewsbury. 

I have in my possession a maunscript book of accounts of the Over- 
seers of the I'oor of Shrewsbury township, containing six signatures 
(autograph) of Justice Richard Salter, auditing the overseers' accounts, as 
was required by law at that time. The tirst was April 3, 174(1 ; the last 
June 23, 1748. 

My impression is, that among Mr. Salter's sketches you will find (me 
of the Salter family, and will be able to trace relationship. 

Perhaps Richard Salter of 17U4, was father of Richard Salter of 

1746. 

Yours tn.ily, 

JAMES STEEN. 



INTRODUCTORY. 

The renowned Diedrich Knickerbocker in bis famous 
History of New York contended that in order to give a 
proper understanding of the origin of the settlement of 
New York, it was necessary to begin with an account o 
the creation of the worW,for said he "if this world had no 
been formed it is more than probable that this renowned 
island on which is situated the City of New York, would 
never have had an existence! " and after establishing the 
fact that the world really was formed, he proceeds to 
give an outline of various noted events mits history from 
?hat time down to the commencement of the settlement 

of New York. , _^ ,, . 

In (ri^g an account o£ tlie settlement of Monmouth 

the writer will venture to depart from the precedent se 
by 80 noted an author and will take it for granted not 
only that the world was created and that many important 
events had happened in its history, but also, for he 
present, will assume that the county was discovered be- 
fore any attempt to settle it was made ! 

The various accounts by the firet whites who are 
known or supposed to have discovered tlje shores of 
Monmouth, «■ landed on its soil, undoubtedly should 
have a place in the history of the County, l"'* --«7'--'^ 
as most of these have been published in Reneral and local 
histories of the country, it is thought sufficient to com- 
mence directly with an account of the first efforts to es- 
tablish settlements in the county. , , ■, , 
Some writer says that Bichard Stout and i-'^^J <^f 
' five other families made an attempt to settle in Middle- 
town in 1C48, but after remaining four or five years they 
were compelled to leave on account of threatened attacks 
from Indians. This does not correspond with he version 
of thestory publishedover a century ago m Smith s History 



2 HISTOKY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES'. 

of New Jersey. That states that there were' about fi% 
families iu the infaut settlement at the time of this threat- 
ened attack, and that they were not frightened off but 
remained. This indicates that the affair occurred after 
the settlement had been permanently established. 

At the time of the first settlement of Monmouth, the 
difficulties between the Dutch and the English relating 
to the ownership and sovereignty oi New York and New 
Jersey originated in the question of earliest discoveries 
by navigators. The Enghsh based their claim on dis- 
coveries made in the reign of Henry 7tli, by Cabot, and 
the Dutch based theirs on the discoveries made by Sir 
Henry Hudson in 1609. There is nothing on record to 
show that Cabot ever landed on the soil of the disputed 
territory. The first account of Whites landing in this 
section IS contained in Verazzana's account of his voyage 
m 1524, to the King of France, under whose auspices his 
expedition had been fitted out. 

The Nevisinck or Navisink Indians occupied the tract 
of land in Monmouth between the Atlantic and the Kari- 
tan Bay. It is evident that the Dutch of New Amster- 
dam, at an early period in the settlement of that place, 
carried on a trade in their small sloops with the Nevisink 
Indians. The noted Patroon, Van Kensall«r, had a land- 
ing place, known as Rensallser's Pier, near the High- 
lands. In 1643, the Indians, for some cause, were 
aroused against the Dutch ; one of their traders named 
Aert Theunnisen, said to have been from Hoboken, prob- 
ably not knowing that the Navesiuks were among the 
hostile tribes or bands, crossed over in his sloop to 
Shrewsbury Inlet, then called by the Dutch Beeregat, 
where he was surprised and killed. 

O'Callaghan's History of New Netherlands, says a 
patent for an Indian tract (ui the Raritan was granted to 
Augustus Heermaus, March 28, 1651, and for a colony at 
Nevesinks to Cornelius Van Werekhoven, November 7th, 
1651. 

The writer has found no mention of any attempt to 
settle on the land purchased by the Dutch, but as the pre- 



INTIIODUCTOKY. 5 

sumption is that one ol)ject in view was to found a settle- 
ment, it recalls the statement made in one version of the 
familiar story of Penelope Stcnit to the effect that shortly 
after she married Eichard Stout they settled where Mid- 
dletown now is, and there were at that time but six white 
families in the settlement, including their own, and that 
this was about 1()48, and that after a few years they were 
compelled to abandon the place on account of threatened 
Indian troubles. The version given in Smith's History 
of New Jersey, says that at the time of this threatened 
Indian trouble there were some fifty families at Middle- 
town ; but this version evidently gives the traditional 
number of families at Middletown when the permanent 
settlement was effected a number of j-ears later, and it is 
not probable that this threatened Indian trouble occurred 
after that, as if it had been the case there would in all 
probability have been some allusion to it in ancient rec- 
ords, such records for instance as the old Middletown TerrtL 
Book. 

In 1643 a Avar existed between the Dutch and In- 
dians during which a party of eighty Indians at P.'.vonia 
Avere massacred in their sleep, by Dutch soldiers, an act 
■which greatly excited the indignation of De Vries, who 
says : " This was a feat worthy of the heroes of old Rome, 
to massacre a parcel of Indians in their sleep, to take 
children from the breasts of their mothers and to butcher 
them in the presence of their parents, or throAv their 
mangled limbs into the lire or water! Other sucklings 
had been fastened to little boards and in this position, 
they were cut to pieces ! Some were thrown into the- 
river and when their parents rushed in to save them, the* 
soldiers prevented their landing, and let parents and 
children drown." The killing of Theunnisen in Shrews- 
bury Inlet Avas undoubtedly an act of retaliation by the 
NaA'esink Indians for this and simikr acts. 

^ To refer again to the Stt)ut tradition: This states 

that after the six families had lived at MiddletoAvn five or 
six years, they Avere com})elled to leave on account of 
troubles between Indians and Avhites. This time corre- 



4 HISTOltY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

spouds very nearly to the time of the fearful Indian upris- 
ing- in New York in 1655. The Indians then massan-ed 
all the inhabitants of Pavonia, now included in Hudson 
County, and then passed over to Staten Island and left it 
without an inhabitant or a house. In three days over 
a hundred Dutch were killed and a hundred and fifty 
taken prisoners, and property to the amount of two 
hundred thousand florins was destroyed. 

In August, 1664, the Dutch at New York surrendered 
to the English expedition under Col. Richard NicoUs, and 
by September 3d the English were fairly established in 
the fort, and from that time New Amsterdam became 
known as New York. , , / 

The Gravesend.people then made another and a suc- 
cessful effort to purchase lands of the Nevesink In- 
dians for the purpose of establishing a settlement, and 
shortly after, during the same year, made tAvo other pur- 
chases. The a])andoued maize or cornfields of the In- 
diai?s, referred to by T' mhoven, may have saved the set- 
tlers some trouble in clearing lands. 




HISTORY OF 

AND §GEAN gOUNTlES, 



DISCOYEKY OF MONMOUTH COUNTY. 



AllRIYAL OF SIR HENRY HUDSON. 

lu tlie year 1609, Sir Henry Hudson visited our coast 
in tlie yacht or ship Half Moon, a vessel of about eighty 
tons burthen. About the last of August he entered the 
Delaware Bay, but finding the navigation dangerous he 
soon left without going ashore. After getting out to sea 
he stood north-eastwardly and after awhile hauled in and 
made the land probably not far distant from Great Egg 
Harbor. The journal or log book of this vessel was kept 
by the mate, Alfred Juet, and as it contains the first no- 
tices of Monmouth county by the whites, remarks about 
the country, its inhabitants and productions, first land- 
ino-, and other interesting matter, an extract is herewith 
given, commencing with September 2d, 1609, when the 
Half Moon made laud near Egg Harbor. The same day, 
it will be seen, the ship passed Barnegat Inlet, and at 
night anchored near the beach within sight of the High- 
lands. 

Their first impression of old Monmouth, it will be 
seen, was " that it «.S' a very (jood hiwl to fa ft hi irith, and 
a2)leasant land to see ; " an opinion which in the minds of 
our people at the present day shoAvs that good sense and 
correct judgment were not lacking in Sir Henry Hudson 
and his fellow voyagers ! 

KMriivtfrom the Lotj-Book <>f the Ihd.f Motn. 

Sept. 2d, 1609.— WluMi th(^ sun arose we steered 



6 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

north again and saw land from tlie west by north to the 
north-west, all alike, broken islands, and our soundings 
were eleven fathoms and ten fathoms. The course along' 
the laud we found to be north-east by north. From the 
land which we first had sight of until we came to 
a great lake of water, as we could judge it to be, {Barne- 
gat Bay,) being drowned land which made it rise like 
islands, which was in length ten leagues. The mouth of 
the lake ( Barnegat Inlet) had many shoals, and the sea 
breaks upon them as it is cast out of the mouth of it. 
And from that lake or bay the land lies north b}^ east, 
and we had a great stream out of the bay ; and from 
thence our soundings was ten fathoms two leagues from 
land. At five o'clock we anchored, being light wind, and 
rode in eight fathoms water ; the night was fair. This night 
I found the land to haul the compass eight degrees. Far 
to the northward of us we saw high hills {Highland f) ; 
for the day before we found not above two degrees of 
variation. 

This is a very good land to fall in with and a pleasant 
land to see. 

Sept. 3d. — The morning misty until ten o'clock ; then 
it cleared and the wind came to the south-southeast, so 
we weighed and stood northward. The land is very 
pleasant and high and bold to fall withal. At three 
o'clock in the afternoon we came to three great rivers 
{JVarrdu.s, Icockawaj/ Inlet and the Rar'ltan ) ; so we stood 
along the northward {Roclaway Inlet^ thinking to have 
gone in, but we found it to have a very shoal bar before 
it for we had but ten feet water. Then we cast about to 
the southward and found two fathoms, three fathoms 
and three and a quarter, till we came to the southern side 
of them ; then we had five and six fathoms and returned 
in an hour and a half. So we weighed and went in and 
rode in five fathoms, ooze ground, and saw many salmons 
and mullets and rays very great. The height is 40 deg. 
30 min. {latitude.) 

First landing of the White-'^ in Old Monmouth. 
Sept. 4th. — In the morning as soon as the day was 



disco\t:ry of monmouth county. 7 

Jight, we saw that it was good riding farther up ; so we 
sent our boat to sound, and found that it was a very good 
harbor and four or live fathoms, two cable lengths from 
the shore. Then we weighed and went in with our ship. 
Then our boat went on land with our net to fish, and 
.caught ten great mullets of a foot and a half long, a 
plaice and a ray as great as four men could haul 
into the ship. So we trimmed our boat and rode still all 
day. At night the wind blew hard at the north-west, and 
£)ur anchor came home, and we drove on shore, but took 
no hurt, and thank God, for the ground is soft sand and 
jDoze. This day the people of the country came aboard 
of us and seemed very glad of our coming, and brought 
green tobacco leaves and gave us of it for knives and 
beads. They go in deer skins, loose and well dressed. 
They have yellow copper. They desire clothes and are 
A'ery civil. They have a great store of maize or Indian 
wheat, whereof they make good bread. The country is 
:full of great and tall oaks. 

Sept. 5th. — In the morning, as soon as the day was 
light, the wind ceased and the flood came. So we heaved 
joff the ship again into five fathoms, and sent our boat to 
:Sound the bay, and we found that there was three 
fathoms hard by the southern shore. « Our men went on 
land then and saw a great store of men, women and chil- 
dren, who gave them tobacco at their coming on laud. 
So they went iip into the woods and saw a great store of 
■very goodly oaks and s(une currants, [prohdhly JiucMe' 
l/eri'iea). For one of them came on board and brought 
^ome dried, and gave me some, which were sweet and 
good. This day many of the people came (^n board, some 
in mantles of feathers, and seme in skins of divers sorts 
jof good furs. Some women also came Avitli hemp. They 
had red copper tobacco pipes, and other things of copper 
ihey did wear about their n3cks. At night they went on 
Jand again, so we rode very quiet but durst not trust 
ihem. 

The Fh'.si White Xa,} KiVal 

Sunday, Sept. (jth. — In the morning was fair weather, 



8 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

and our master sent John Colman, with four other men, 
in our boat over to the North side to sound the other 
river [Narroios), being four leagues from us. They found 
by the way shoal water being two fathoms ; but at the 
north of the river, eighteen and twenty fathoms, and very 
good riding for ships, and a very narrow river to the 
westward between two islands [Staten Island and Bergen 
Pointy the land they told us, was as pleasant with 
grass and flowers and goodly trees as ever they had seen, 
and here very sweet smell came from them. So they 
went in two leagues and saw an open sea {Newark Bay.) 
and returned, and as they came back they were set upon 
by two canoes, the one having twelve men and the other 
fourteen men. The night came on and it began to rain, 
so that their match went out ; and they had one man 
slain in the light, which was an Englishman named John 
Colman, with an arrow shot in his throat, and two more 
hurt. It grew so dark that they could not find the ship 
that night, but labored t(^ and fro on their oars. They 
had so great a strain that their grapnel would not hold- 
them. 

Sept. 7th. — Was fair, and by ten o'clock they re^ 
turned aboard the ship and brought our dead man 
with them, whom we carried on land and buried and 
named the point after his name, Colmau's Point. Then 
we hoisted in our boat and raised her side with waist 
boards, for defence of our men. So we rode still all 
night, having good regard for our watch. 

Sept. 8th. — Was very fair weather ; we rode still very 
quietly. The people came aboard of us and brought to-- 
bacco and Indian wheat, to exchange for knives and beads- 
and offered us no violence. So we fitting up our boat did 
mark them to see if they would make any show of the 
death of our man, which they did not. 

Sept. 9tli. — Fair weather. In the morning two great 
canoes came aboard full of men ; the one with their bows 
and arrows, and the other in show of buying knives, to 
betray us ; but we perceived their intent. We took two 
of them to have kept theiii, and put red coats on tliem^ 



THE AVIIITES ENTERING SANDY HOOK. 9 

aud would uot suffer the others to come near us. So 
they went on land aud two others came aboard in a 
canoe ; we t(X)k the one and let the other go ; but he 
which we had taken got u}) and leaped overboard. Then 
we weighed aud went off into the channel of the river and 
anchored there all night. 

The foregoing is all of the log-book of Juet that re- 
lates to Monmouth county. The next morning the Half 
Moon proceeded up the North River, and on her return 
passed out to sea without stopping. 

In the extract given above, the words in italics are 
not of course in the original, lint are underscored as ex- 
planatory. 

THE WHITES ENTERING SANDY HOOK. 



The earliest accounts we have of the whites being iu 
the vicinity of Monmouth county is contained in a letter 
of John de Yerazzano to Francis 1st, King of France. 
Yerazzano entered Sandy Hook in the spring of 1524 iu 
the ship Dolphin. On his return to Europe, he wrote a 
letter dated July 8th, 1524, to the King, giving an account 
of his voyage from Carolina to New Foundland. From 
this letter is extracted the following : 

"After proceeding a hundred leagues, we found a 
very pleasant situation among some steep hills, through 
which a very large river, deep at its mouth, forces its way 
to the sea, from the sea to the estuary of the river any ship 
heavily laden might pass with the help of the tide, which 
rises eight feet. But as we were riding at good berth we 
would not venture up in our vessel Avithout a knowledge 
of its mouth ; therefore we took a boat, and entering the 
river we found the country on its banks well peopled, the 
inhabitants not differing much from tlie others, being 
dressed out with feathers of birds of various colors." 

Historians generally concede that the foregoing is 
the first notice we have of the whites entering Sandy 
Hook, visiting the harbor of New York (n- b(>;ng :n the 
vicinitv of old M(mmonth. 



10 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

The first deed from the Indians was dated 25th of 
1st month, 1664. This was for lands at Nevesink, from 
the Sachem Popomora, and agreed to by his brother, 
Mishacoiiig, to James Hubbard, John Bowne, John Til-^ 
ion, Jr., Richard Stout, William Goulding and Samuel' 
iSpicer. The articles given to the Indians in exchange ' 
ior the land were 118 fathoms seawamp, 68 fathoms of 
-which were to be white and 50 black seawamp, 5 coats, 
1 gun, 1 clout capp, 1 shirt, 12 lbs. tobacco and 1 anker 
-wine ; all of which were acknowledged as having been 
received ; and in addition 82 fathoms of seawamp was to 
be paid twelve months hence. 

Popomora and his brother went over to New York 
and acknowledged the deed before Governor Nicholls, 
April 7, 1665. The official record of this deed is in the 
office of Secretary of State at Albany, N. Y., in Lib. 3, 
j^age 1. A copy of it is also recorded in Proprietor's of- 
fice, Perth Amboy, as is also a map of the land em- 
braced in the purchase, and also in the Secretary of 
State's office, Trenton. 

Two other deeds followed and were similarly re- 
corded, and on April 8tli the Governor signed the noted 
Monmouth Patent. This instrument gives the names of 
" the rest of the company," referred to in the third deed ; 
they were Walter Clarke, William Eeape, Nathaniel Sil- 
vester, Obadiah Holmes and Nicholas Davis, twelve in 
all, to whom the patent was granted. 

One of the conditions of the Monmouth Patent was 
" that the said Patentees and their associates, their heirs 
or assigns, shall within the space of three years, begin- 
ning from the day of the date hereof, manure and plant 
the aforesaid land and premises and settle there one 
liundred families at the least. 

It seemed imposible for the Gravesend men alone to 
induce that number of families to settle within the p're- 
^scribed time, but they had warm personal friends in 
Hhode Island, Sandwich, Yarmouth and other places in 
Massachusetts, in Dover, New Hampshire, and also in 
dift'erent Rhode Island towns, and the stijjulation was 
complied with. 



AN ANCIENT PATENT. H 

The founders of the settlements in Monmouth were 
not only honorable, conscientious men in their deal- 
ings, but also exceedingly careful and methodical in their 
business transactions. This is shown by the very com- 
plete account, still preserved in the County Clerk's office 
at Freehold, of the purchase of the lands of the Indians, 
the amount paid and to whom, and also the names of 
those who contributed money toward paying the Indians 
and for incidental expenses in making the different pur- 
chases. 

Among the jiurchasers were a number who had been 
victims of persecution for their religious faith ; some had 
felt the cruel lash, some had been imprisoned and others 
had been compelled to pay heavy lines ; others had had near 
relatives suffer thus. Among those who had suffered 
were William Shattock, Edward Wharton, Samuel Spicer 
and'' Mrs. Micalll Spicer, his mother, Eliakim Wardell and 
wife, Thomas Clifton and daughter Hope, Nicholas Davis, 
William Eeape, John Bowne (the Quaker of Flushing,) 
Kobert Story, John Jenkins, John and George Allen, and 
Obadiah Holmes. And a number of others named amonsf 
purchasers, some of whom did not settle in the county, 
had many years before been disarmed andlmnished from 
Massachusetts on account of adherence to Autinomian 
views. 

The principal reasons that caused the founding of 
the settlements of Monmouth may T)e summed up in the 
following extracts : 

" This is a very good land to fall in with and a 
PLEASANT LAND TO SEE." — Sir ITenvy JI>i(1m( US Log-Bool', 
1609. 

"Free Liberty of Conscience without any molesta- 
tion OR disturbance whatsoever in the way of worship." 
• — Mcnmouth Patent, 1665. 

AN ANCIENT PATENT. 



Shrewsbury township in old Monmouth originally 
extended to the extreme southern limit of the present 
county of Ocean. In the year 1749, a portion of the lower 



12 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

part of Slirewsbury was set off and formed into the town- 
ship of Stafford. The patent creating the township of 
Stafford is dated March 3d, 1749, and was issued in the 
reign of George the Second, and is signed by Governor 
Jonathan Belcher, who was governor of the province of 
New Jersey from 1757 to 1767. As this patent is the first 
public official document relating exclusively to the pres- 
ent county of Ocean, it is a matter of gratification to know 
that it is still in existence and in a good state of preser- 
vation. It is on parchment w^ith the great seal of the 
province attached, the impression of which still shows to 
good advantage. 

On the back of the patent it is endorsed by Register 
Read as having been recorded in the Secretary's office at 
Burlington. 

It sounds oddly at the present day to read such high 
sounding titles as are found on the pateiik : " George 2d, 
King of Great Britain, France, Ireland, Defender of the 
Faith," &c., " grants of his especial grace, certain knowl- 
edge, and mcer motion," <fec. And what weighty titles has 
Governor Belcher! "Captain-General, and Governor-in- 
Cliief, Chancellor, Vice Admiral," &c. 

This patent will be deposited in the office of the 
County Clerk of Ocean County. 

THE FOUNDERS OF MONMOUTH. 



WHO THEY WELE AND FROM WHENCE THEY CAME. 
"Inquire, I i^ray thee, of the former age, and prepare thyself to the 
search of the fathtrs."— Job viii-8. 

If the people of any section of this great country 
have reason to be proud of their ancestry, the people of 
Monmouth most assuredly have. New Englanders nei'er 
tire of boasting of the Pilgrim fathers, but a noted writer 
of history in an adjoining state, more than half a century 
ago, has said that "East Jersey was settled by the best 
blood of New Englard." {I. J\ Wairotts in Atinals of 
PhUadclj.lia.) The Pilgrim Fathers, the New England- 
ers now take pleasure in telling us, were not all Puritans 
of the stia.'ght-hiccd, persecuting order, but that a large 



A WOMAN, OF COURSE. 13 

proportion liatl respect for persons who conscieutionsly 
differed from tliem in religious opinion. And of this chiss 
of the Pilgrim Fathers we find were the principal men 
who founded the settlement in Monmouth. 

The first opinion left on record of the section of 
country now known as Monmouth is that which was re- 
corded in the log-book of the ship Half Moon, Sir Henry 
Hudson, commander. On the night of the 2d of Septem- 
ber, 1609, he anchored along the beach not far from Long 
Branch, with the Highlands of Nevisink in sight, and his 
mate recorded the following in the log-book : 

" This is a very good land to fall in with and a pleas- 
ant land to see." 

Every good citizen of the county, it is safe to say, 
will cordially endorse that opinion at the present day ! 

A WOMAN, OF COURSE ! 



To a woman, it may be said, should the credit be 
given of being the cause of the earliest efforts by whites 
to settle in Monmouth. Penelope Stout, whose remark- 
able history is too well known to repeat here, during her 
captivity among the Indians, had made friends with 
them, and after she had reached New Amsterdam and 
had married Piichard Stout, she induced her husband 
occasionall}' to sail across the bay to visit her pre- 
server and other Indian friends, and it is reasonable 
to presume that on these trips they were sometimes 
accompanied by white friends. These visits so well 
satisfied Richard Stout and his Dutch friends that " this 
was a good land to fall in with," that aboiat 1648, him- 
self and four or five other heads of families settled 
where Middletown now is. But they remained here only 
a few years, as they were compelled to leave on account 
of a war breaking out be|;w,een ^he Dutch and Indians. 
In 1663 some GraveSeiid. men attempted to make ar- 
rangements with the Indians of Mcmmoiith for settling, 
but they were warned off by the Dutch, but the yeai' 
after, the English took possession of New York and the 
Gravesend men renewed the attempt. 



14 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

A MEMOEABLE SCENE. 



From what lias beeD left on record it would seem 
that in the hall of the old Stadt House in New York, one 
day two hundred and twenty years ago, there was an as- 
semblage of men whose meeting was one of the most im- 
portant events connected with founding the settlements 
in what is now Monmouth County. It must have been a 
scene well worthy the efforts of the painter, both for the 
importance of the object and principles these men had 
met to decide upon and for the striking contrasts in the 
appearance of the different parties present. The leading 
person in this meeting was the new British governor of- 
New York, Colonel Nicholls, who we may presume was 
attended by his stall*, and arrayed in the uniform of the 
British officer of his time. Then there were men in broad 
brimmed hats, knee breeches and shad-bellied coats, giving 
evidence of their Quaker faith. Some few were probably 
dressed in the then usual style of the Dutch citizen of New 
Amsterdam, a style so graphically described by Diedrick 
Knickerbocker in his history of New York. Others in- 
terested in the proceedings were probably in the usual 
fashion of the Pilgrim fathers of that day. But most 
striking of all was the a]3pearance of a number of Indian 
chiefs, the sachems of the section now known as Mon- 
mouth county. Some of these had probably so far adopted 
the fashion of the whites as to wear coats — the coarse, 
loose woolen " match coat," to which the Indians took a 
fancy, biit it was many years before they took to panta- 
loons ; " Indian's legs stand cold like white man's face," 
said one of them. When these Indians appeared before 
Colonel Nicholls in 1665, no white men lived in Monmouth, 
but certain residents of Gravesend, Lonec Island, had 
visited it and found it "a good land to fall in with" and 
a desirable land to settle upon. They had interviewed 
the Indians and secured their friendship and made treat- 
ies which were signed by the sachems, and they had 
paid them to their full satisfaction for their land. But 
before taking possession or commencing settlements, they 



A MEMOKABLE SCENE. 15 

desired also to obtain a title from the ri'prescutative of 
the British croAvn. So these conscientious men had 
sailed from Gravesend across to the shores of Moiimonth 
and gathered together the sachems and took them in 
their vessel across the bay, and up to New York, and 
then to the State House to call on the Governor. Colonel 
Nicholls was already aware that these Gravesend men 
wished to obtain a patent for the land, but the object of 
this assembly was to have the Governor receive the 
personal assurances of the sachems themselves that their 
land had been paid for to their full satisfaction, and that 
they desired these men to settle on it. The governor at 
this meeting receiving from the chiefs themselves these 
assurances, decided to grant the patent ; but the Graves- 
end men wished that this instrument should not only 
show that the lands had been honorably purchased of 
the Indians, but they also insisted that in it should be 
put a pledge of unrestricted religious toleration for set- 
tlers under it. The result was the issuing the celebrated 
document known as the Monmouth Patent, with its 
declaration that the laud had been honorably purchased 
of the Indians, and with it its guarantee of unrestricted 
religious toleration. This patent was recorded in the 
ofhce of the Eecorder of New York, November 8th, 
1665; it was also the first instrument recorded in the 
archives of the State at Trenton and in the County 
records at Freehold. 

Some seventeen years later, William Penn made his 
celebrated treaty with the Indians, and how his praises 
have been sounded for paying them for their land! Our 
Monmouth ancestors had done the same thing without 
boast or assumption of superior justice long before AV^il- 
liam Penn came to America or had even turned Quaker. 
The year that the Indian sachems of Monmouth ap- 
peared before Governor Nicholls was the same year that 
William Penn, armed and equipped as a soldier, took 
part in the siege of a town in Ireland. The fact of Penn's 
making a treaty Avith the Indians and paying them for 
their land has been thought so remarkable that pictures 



16 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

of the scene may be found in books in every school in 
the land ; but that scene in New York when the sachems 
pointed to the founders of Monmouth, saying in siib- 
stance, "These men have paid us for our land — give them 
a patent," has a prior right to be commemorated. 

THE FIEST ENGLISH SETTLEE OF NEW 
JEE8EY. 



In the efforts to treat ^uitli the Indians for their land, 
we may feel assured that Eichard Stout, the first English 
settler of New Jersey, was the principal agent. An En- 
glishman by birth, he had lived so long among the Dutch, 
and with a Dutch wife, that he was familiar with their 
language, which must have been also familiar to his chil- 
dren in their early years. And several years' residence 
among the Indians must have made him acquainted with 
their language, also. From their acquaintance with him 
and knowledge of his fair dealings, the Indians no doubt 
had formed,-a favorable opinion of his associates. When 
Graveseiid , was settled about 1645, Eichard Stout was 
one of the thirty-nine original settlers. The consent of 
the Indians having been obtained and the patent granted, 
the next step on the part of the patentees was to secure 
the one hundred settlers within the three years, as re- 
quired by the patent. This necessitated energetic efforts 
on the part of the projectors. Of course the Gravesend 
men did what they could, but they had a small field to 
work in, but they received most effective help from New- 
port, Ehode Island. 

THE TWELVE PATENTEES. 



It would naturally be supposed that the twelve men 
named in the Monmouth patent would be among the 
actual settlers, but tiie fact is, only four of them settled 
here, viz : Eichard Stout, James Grover, John Bowne 
and Eichard Gibbons. Many years after, it is supposed, 
James Hubbard came in his old age. William Goulding, 
Samuel Spicer, Sr., and John Tilton remained at Graves- 



THE RHODE ISLAM) MONMOl'TH ASS! )(I \ IION. 17 

end. Nathaniel Sylvester remained at li!s liome at Shelter 
Island, at east end of Lon^ Jsland. Ohadiah Holmes 
and AValter Clarke remained in Khode Island. Nicholas 
Davis, of Newpiut, 1{. I., was diowiicd ahont 1()7'2. Wil- 
liam Reape, an active, enertfetic })romoter of the settle- 
ment, was a young Quaker merchant of Ne\v])ort. Avho 
died 1670; his widow, Sarah Reape, came to ^Monmouth 
and her only sou, William, lived with her, hut was insane 
from early manhood. Members of the families of 
most of the patentees, however, canu^ h'^re, and of course, 
all are entitled to honor for eft'orts to aid in cstal)l;shing 
the settlement of the cjountv. 

THE RHODE ISLAND MONMOl TK ASSOCIA- 
TION. 



"While the Gravesend men seem to have initiated the 
movement, yet residents of NeAvp(n-t, Rhode Island, were 
considerably in the majority in making the movement 
successful, by furnishing the greater part of t\ (^ money 
to pay the Indians for their land, and in inducing j)ersons 
to settle on it. It is very evident that there wa^ cpiite 
an intimate intercourse between the English residents of 
Gravesend and the citizens of Newport, and in s(nne 
cases families of these places were nearly related. 

At Newport an association or "company of purchas- 
ers" was formed to aid the settlement of Monmouth, of 
which Walter Clarke, subsequently govern(n- of tha\ 
colony, was secretary', and of which William Reape was 
probably the most eifective member. Reape's business 
as a merchant caused him to travel much on Lcmg Island 
and to various towns in Massachusetts, which gave him 
opportunities to enlist recruits for the })roject, and he 
was such a zealous (Quaker that ho was arrested iu 
Plymouth Colony by the Puritans, and on Long Island 
by the Dutch for traveling with Quaker preachers. 

It seems dithcult to account for the siibstantial as- 
sistance given to the effort to secure the one hundred men 
within the required time, by men at Sandwich, Yarmouth, 
Salem and other towns in Massachusetts, exec] it on the 



18 P;(TSTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

theory tliat William Rea.pe, the busy, energetic youug 
Quaker, in his travels enlisted them in the cause, 
i Most of the Rhode Island and Long Island men who 
aided in settling Monmouth had previously lived in Mas- 
sachusetts, and a number were of English birth. 

Several years ago the Proceedings of the Bi-Cen- 
tennial Celebration of the New Jersey Legislature 
were published by the State, and in the Appendix the 
writer gave a list of first settlers of Monmouth, with the 
places from which each came as far as then ascertained. 
This list was substantially copied in the recent history 
of Monmouth county, but it was incomplete, and the 
compiler of that history added a few items, some of which 
neecl correction. 

The following is a list of some of the names, alpha- 
betically arranged, of the psrsous who contributed tow- 
ard buying the land in Monmouth of the Indians and 
for incidental expenses in treating with them, and also 
the amc ^nt paid by each : 

£ s. cL 
Christo'jlier Allmey of R. I 4 

* Job Ailmey, " 4 

John Allen and Robert Taylor, R. 1 3 

Steven Arnold, " 3 

John BoM'ne, of Gravesend, L. 1 4 

*Jolin Bowne, of Flushing, L.I 3 

,James Bowne, L. 1 1 14 6- 

William Bowne, L. I I 06 S 

Gen-ard Bourne, R. I 4 10 

Richard Borden, R. I 11 10 

Benjamii) Borden and George Moiant 6 

Nicholas Browne, R. I 4 

*Frahcis Brinley, R I 3 10 

*Henry Bull, R. 1 3 

John Conklin, L. 1 15 

*Walter Clarke, R. 1 3 

Robert Carr, R. 1 3 

*Robert Carr and Walter Clarke, R. 1 1 

*John Coggeshall 3 

*Joshua Coggeshall and Daniel Gould, R. 1 3 10 

* Wm. Coddington, R.I 3 

Thomas Clifton, R.I 3 10 

John Cooke, R. I 3 

George Chutte, R. I 3 



THE ItHODE ISLAND MONMOUTH ASSOCIATION. 19 

£ s. d. 

— Thomas Cox, L. I. . . r.-jh 3 lU 

Joseph Coleman ,' 3 

*Nicholas Davis, K. I 8 

Roger Ellis and Son, Mass G 

*Peter Essou (Easton, ) E. 1 3 

James Gi'over, L. I i 

Richard Gibbons, L. 1 4 

*Zachary Gauutt, E. 1 1 10 

^AVilliam Goulding. L. 1 4 

*Ralph Goldsmith, " 3 10 

*Dauitl Gould (see J. Coggeshall,) R. 1 3 

Samuel HoUiuiau (Holman) 3 

John Horabin 2 1 8 

Obadiah Holmes, R. I 4 

Jonathan Holmes, R. I. 3 

Tobias Handson, (R. I ?j 4 

— John Hance (Wales?) 4 

*William James, R. I 1 5 

*John Jenkins, Mass. 3 

John Jenkins and Wm. Shaddnck, Mass 2 

Edmiind Lafetra (Hngnenot?) 3 10 

Henry Lippitt, R. 1 4 

Richard Lippencott, L. I 16 10 

*Thomas Moor, L. I 1 13 4 

Francis Masters, (N. Y. ?) 3 10 

George Mount (see B. Burdan) 

Thomas Potter, R. I 4 

Edward Pattison, Mass 4 

John Ruckman, L. I "TJrT 4 

Richard Richardson 4 

Samuel Spicer, L. I 4 

— Richard Stout, " rf- 4 

*Nath'l Sylvester, L.I 6 

Thomas Shaddock, (Mass V) 3 

Wm. Shaddock and Geo. Webb, Mas.s 1 

WiUiam Shaddock (see J. Jenkins) 

Edward Smith, R. 1 3 

Robert Story, N. Y. City 9 

Wm. Shaberly, Barbadoes 4 

Richard Sussell, R. 1 4 10 

— John Tilton, L. I 4 

* John Throckmorton, R. 1 1 6 8 

John Townsend, L. I 4 

*Edward Thurston, R. I 3 

Nathan Tomkins, R.I 4 

Edward Tartt, (Mass?) 3 17 G 

Robert Taylor (see J. Allen,) R. I 

— Emanuel WooUey, R.I r/-^ 3 



20 



HISTOKY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



£ s. d. 
Thos. Winterton, E.I 3 

*Edward Wharton, Mass 3 

Eliakini Wardell, " 4 

Geo. Webb (see Wm. Shaddock, Mass . ) 

Thomas Whitlock, L. 1 3 17 6 

Bartholomew West, B. 1 4 

Eobert West, E. 1 4 

Walter Wall, L. 1 4 

John Wall, " 3 10 

John Wilson, 4 

John Wood, E. I 4 10 

lu addition to tlie above uamed tlie following per- 
sons were also purcliasers or settlers, probably before 
tlie expiration of tlie three years' limit in tlie Patent : 

James Ashton, E. I. Bartholomau Lippencott, L. I. 

Joseph Bryce. Wilham Laj^ton, E. I. 

John Bird, Wm. Lawrence, L. I. 

Abraham Brown, (E. I. ?) James Leonard, Mass. 

Wm. Cheesman, L. I. Lewis Mattox, E. I. 

Wm. Compton, " ■T' Wm. Newman, (Mass?) <- 

Jacob Cole. Joseph Parker, E. I. 

Benj. Deuell, E. L Peter Parker, 

Thomas Dungan, E. I. Anthony Page. 

Daniel Estell, L. I. Henry Percy, E. I. 

Gideon Freeborn, E. I. William Eogers. 

William GifEord, Mass. William Eeape, E. I. 

James Grover, Jr., L. I. John Sloeum, E. I. 

Thomas Hart, E. I. Samuel Shaddock, Mass. 

John Hall, E. I. Wm. Shearman, E. I. 

Eobt. Hazard, (E. I. ?) >=f~ '^°^^ Smith, (E. I.?) 

James Heard, (]Mass?) ^ John Stout, L.I. 

Eandall Huet, Sr., N. Y. ' Eichard Sadler. 

John Hawes, Barth. Shamquesque. 

Eandall Hiiet, Jr., N. Y. John Tomson, Mass. 

Joseph Huet, " Job Throckmorton, E. I. 

George Hulett, (E. I. ?) ^ Peter Tilton, L. I. 

Johu Havens, E. I. i Thos. Wansick. 

John Jobs. Eobt. West, Jr., E. I. 

Eobert Jones, N. Y. Thos. Wright. 

Gabriel Kirk. Marmaduke Ward, E. I. 

Jolm Jenkins, of Sandwich, Mass., sold his share of 
land July 6tli, 1670, to George Allen, a noted Quaker of 

The persons marked with an asterisk ( * ) did not settle in the County, 
and most of them transferred their claims to others. A few who were quite 
prominent in the first settlement of the county eventually went back to 
Ehode Island, among M'hom were Steven Arnold, Jonathan Holmes 
but Christopher AUmej'. 



THE RHODE ISLAND MONMOUTH ASSOCIATION. 21 

Saudwicli, some of whose descendants came to Mon- 
moutli. 

Daniel Gould of Newport, R. I., and Joshua Gogges- 
liall of Portsmouth, E. I., also sold shares to George 
Allen, July 7th, KwO. 

Walter Clarke also sold a share to George Allen, 
September 1st, 1672. 

Thomas Moore, who was a prominent citizen of 
Southold, L. I., spld his share to Capt. Christopher 
Allmey, August 24, 1674 

Robert Story, who was the leading Quaker in New 
York Citv, sold his share to John Jay of Barbadoes, W. I. 

William Shaberlj-, also of Barl)adoes, sold his share 
to John Jay. 

Robert Carr of Rhode Island, sold his share to Giles 
Slocum of Portsmouth, who couyeyed the same to his 
son, Captain John Slocum, Noyember 22, 1672. 

Zachary Gauntt sold his share to his brother, An- 
nanias, in 1668. 

William Gt)ulding of Long Island, sold his share to 
Richard Hartshorne. 

Samuel Borden of Portsmouth, R. I., sold his share, 
1671, to L3wis Mattox of the same place. 

Governor, William Coddiugton, was said to be the 
wealthiest man in Rhode Island ; the writer has found 
no record of his transferring his share, but thinks it possi- 
ble that George Hulett, an original settler, may have 
occupied it, as a person of that name was in Governor 
Coddingtou's employ, 1664, and previousl}-, and the name 
disappears in Rhode Island after 1664. 

Job Allmey. This name is now generally given as 
Almy. Job and his brother, Christopher, both paid for 
shares of laud in the original purchase of lands from the 
Indians. They were sons of AVilliam Almy, who it is 
supposed came over with Governor Winthrop to Massa- 
chusetts about 1631, and returned to England for his 
family, 1635. He located first at I^ynn, Mass., next at 
Sandwich, and in 1644 settled at Portsmouth, a town in 
close proximity to Newport, R. I. William Almy was 



•<^ 



c^^. 



^■^ 



22 



HISTORY OF MOKMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



born about 1601 and died 1676. He is said to have been 
a member of the Society of Friends. His son, Christo- 
pher, who came to Monmouth, was born in England 
about 1632, and died January 30, 1713. Job Almy was 
probably born in Massachusetts, and he died in the 
Spring of 1684 at Portsmouth, R. I. He married Mary 
XJnthank of Warwick, E. I., and left several children. He 
held several honorable positions in the colony of Rhode 
Island — was deputy in the Colonial Assembly, 1670-2, 
Governor's assistant, 1673, etc. 

Francis Brinley. This gentleman was a Governor's 
assistant and leading judge in Rhode Island. He was a 
son of Thomas Brinley, who was auditor of revenues o'f 
Charles 1st and 2d. A sister of Francis Brinley married 
Nathaniel Sylvester, one of the Monmouth patentees. 
A descendant of the Brinley family, named Edward, mar- 
ried Janet Parker of the Amboy Parker family, and one 
of their children was the well remembered surveyor gen- 
eral of East Jersey, Francis W. Brinley. 

Henry Bull. This honest, indomitable old Quaker, 
one of the active friends of the settlement of Monmouth, 
was Governor of Rhode Island, 1685-90, and died 1694, 
at an advanced age. Before settling in Rhode Island he 
had been a victim or Puritan persecution in Massachu- 
setts. His history and the genealogy of his descendants 
have been quite well preserved. 

Robert Carr was of Newport, R. I., and brother of 
Caleb, who was Governor, 1625. These two were proba- 
bly the Robert Carr, aged 21, and the Caleb, aged 11 
years, who came to America in the ship Elizabeth and 
Ann, 1635. They are both named as freemen at New- 
port, 1655, and Robert is named there, 1687. He sold 
his share of land in Monmouth to Giles Slocum in 1672, 
who conveyed the same to his son, Capt. John Slocum, 
who settled in Monmouth. 

Thomas Clifton was an original settler of Rehobith, 
Mass., 1643, and subsequently became a Quaker. On 
account of being persecuted ior his faith he went to 
Rhode Island, where he lived when he paid for a share 




s 



v 









it 



THE RHODE ISLAND MONMOUTH ASSOCIATION. 23 

of laud in Monmouth. His daughter, Hope Clifton, was 
also a victim of Quaker persecution. He was a deputy 
in the R. I. colonial assembly, 1675. 

William Coddlugton. This is another honored 
Rhode Island name. He was about the wealthiest of 
the original settlers of Rhode Island, was Governor, 
1668, 1671-6, and died, 1678. His name is one of the 
most prominent in the early history of that colony. He 
did come to Monmouth. He had in 1664 a man named 
George Hulate in his emplo}^ whose name disappears 
after that date in R. I., and then as the same name ap- 
pears among original settlers of Monmouth, it may be 
that George Hulate settbd on Governor Coddiugton's 
share of land. 

Nicholas Davis was one of the twelve patentees, and 
also paid for a share of land. He was born in England, 
was a freeman at Barnstable, 1613, became a Quaker, and 
being subjected to persecution, settled in Rhode Island 
and was admitted freeman at Newport, 1671. He was 
drowned in 1672. His widow, Sarah, was in Monmouth 
for a time. 

Thomas Dungan was a prominent Baptist preacher, 
and in 1678 was a deputy from East Greenwich in the 
R. I. colonial assembly. It is possible that he visited 
Monmouth as preacher. In 1681 he left Rhode Island 
and settled at Cold Run, Bucks County, Pa., where he 
died, 1688. 

Roger Ellis and son are named as paying for shares 
of land. Roger Ellis was an early settler at Yarmouth, 
Mass. ; he married Jane Lisham and his son, John, was 
born December 1, 1648. His name is sometimes given 
in records of Plymouth colony as Else. 

Henry Bull of R. I., was prominent in forwarding the 
settlement in Monmouth by getting persons to aid in 
purchasing the land of Indians and inducing settlers to 
locate there. He was a member of the Rhode Island 
"company of purchasers," of wliicli Walter Clarke was 
secretary. 

Robert Carr of R. L, paid for a share of land in 



24 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Monmouth, wliicli he sold to Giles Slocum, who deeded 
the same to his son, John Slocum, who settled on it. 

William Chadwick and Thomas Chadwick settled in 
Monmouth among original settlers. They are supposed 
to have come from E. I. The name is so often misspelled 
as Shaddock and Shattock, that in some cases it is diffi- 
cult to distinguish the family from that of William Shat- 
tock, the noted Quaker, who was persecuted in Massa- 
chusetts, who also came to Monmouth, and about a 
dozen years later, moved into Burlington County, N. J. 
He was a Quaker of the primitive stripe and a personal 
friend of George Fox. His Quaker non-resistent views 
seriously interfered with his duties as Governor to exert 
his position to have soldiers enlisted and armed to defend 
the colonists from the fearful attacks of the Indians in 
the time of King Philip. In some of the emergencies 
some subordinate took military matters in hand. While 
his first act as Governor, in May, 1676, was to issue a 
commission to Capt. Arthur Fenner as "Chief Com- 
mander of the King's Garrison at Providence," which 
was established in view of Indian troubles, which does 
not appear to be in accordance with Quaker principles, 
yet William Edmundson, the celebrated Quaker, says in 
his journal that he could not give his consent to kill and 
destroy men in the Indian wars at that time. Governor 
Walter Clarke occupies a very important and memorable 
page in Rhode Island history. He died in 1714. 

THE MONMOUTH PATENT. 



THE DATE OF THE SECOND INDIAN FURCHASE WAS APRIL 7, 
1665 ; THE FOLLOWING DAY, GOVERNOR NICOLLS GRANTED 
THE NOTED MONMOUTH PATENT WHICH WAS AS FOLLOWS : 

" To all whom these presents sliall come : I Richard 
Nicolls Esq., Governor under his Royal Highness the 
Duke of York of all his Territories in America send greet- 
ing. 

" Whereas there is a certain tract or parcel of land 
within this government, lying and being near Sandy 
Point, upon the Main ; which said parcel of land hath 



THE MONMOUTH PATENT. 25 

been witli my consent and approbation bou<^dit by some 
of the inhabitants of Gravesend upon Long Island of the 
Sachems (chief proprietors thereof) who before me have 
acknowledged to have received satisfaction for the same, 
to the end that the said land may be planted, manured 
and inhabited, and for divers other good causes and con- 
siderations, I have thought fit to give, confirm and grant, 
and by these presents do give confirm and grant unto 

nVlLLIAM GOULDING, SaMUEL SpICER, KlCflABD. GiBBONS, 

i KiCHARD Stout, James Gro^-er, John Bown, John Tilton, 
,' Nathaniel Sylvester, William Eeape, Walter Clarke, 
v Nicholas Davis, Obadia h Holmes, patentees, and their 
/ associates, their heirs, successors and assigns, all that 
tract and part of the main land, beginning at a certain 
place C(^mmonly called or known b}" the name of Sandy 
Point and so running along the bay West North West, 
till it comes to the mouth of the Raritan River, from 
thence going along the said river to the westernmost part 
of the certain marsh land which divides the river into 
two parts, and from that part to run in a direct south-west 
line into the woods twelve miles, and thence to turn away 
south-east and by south, until it falls into the main 
ocean ; together with all lands, soils, rivers, creeks, har- 
bors, mines, minerals (Ilo3^al mines excepted,) quarries, 
woods, meadows, pastures, marshes, waters, lakes, fish- 
ings, hawkings, huntings and fowling, and all other 
profits, commodities and hereditaments to the said lands 
and premises belonging and appertaining, with their and 
every of their appurtenances and of every part and par- 
cel thereof, to have and to hold all and singular the said 
lands, hereditaments and premises with their and every 
<A their appurtenances hereby given and granted, or 
herein before mentioned to be given and granted to the 
only proper use and behoof of the said patentees and 
their associates, their heirs, successors and assigns for- 
ever, u})on such terms and conditions as hereafter are ex- 
pressed, that is to say, that the said patentees and their 
associates, their heirs or assigns shall within the space 
of three years, beginning from the day of the date hereof. 



26 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

manure and plaut the aforesaid land and premises and 
settle there one hundred families at the least ; in consid- 
eration whereof I do promise and grant that the said 
patentees and their associates, their heirs, successors and 
assigns, shall enjoy the said land and premises, with 
their appurtenances, for the term of seven years next to 
come after the date of these presents, free from payment 
of any rents, customs, excise, tax or levy whatsoever. 
But after the expiration of the said term of seven years, 
the persons who shall be in possession thereof, shall j)ay 
after the same rate which others within this his Royal 
Highness' territories shall be obliged unto. And the 
said patentees and their associates, their heirs successors 
and assigns, shall have free leave and liberty to erect and 
build their towns and villages in such places as they in their 
discretions shall think most convenient, provided that 
they associate themselves, and that the houses of their 
towns and villages be not too far distant and scattering 
one from another ; and also that they make such fortifi- 
cations for their defence against an enemy as may be 
needful. 

" And I do likewise grant unto the said patentees 
and their as 30 slates, their heirs, successors and assigns, 
and unto any and all other persons, who shall plant and 
inhabit in any of the land aforesaid that they shall have 
free liberty of conscience, without any molestation or 
disturbance whatsoever in their way of worship. 

" And I do further grant unto the aforesaid patentees, 
their heirs, successors and assigns, that they shall have 
liberty to elect by the vote of the major part of the in- 
habitants, five or seven other persons of the ablest and 
discreetast of the slid inhabitants, or a greater number 
of them (if the patentees, their heirs, successors or as- 
signs shall see cause) to join with them, and they to- 
gether, or the major j)art of them, shall have full power 
and authority to make such peculiar and prudential laws 
and constitutions amongst the inhabitants for the better 
and more ordeily governing of them, as to them shall 
seem meet ; provided the}- be not repugnant to the pub- 



COMMENCEMENT OF SETTLEMENTS. 27 

lie laws of the goverumsut ; and tliey shall also have 
liberty to try all causes and actions of debts and tres- 
passes arising amongst themselves to the value of ten 
pannd-s, without appeal, but they may remit the hearing 
of all criminal matters to the assizes of New York. 

" And furthermore I do promise and grant unto the 
said patentees and their associates aforementioned, their 
heirs, successors and assigns that they shall in all things 
have equal privileges, freedom and immunities wdth any 
of his majest3^'s subjects within this government, these 
patentees and their associates, their heirs, successors 
and assigns rendering and paying such duties and ac- 
knowledgments as now are, or hereafter shall be consti- 
tuted and established b}' the laws of this government, 
under obedience of his Royal Highness, his heirs and 
successors, provided they do no way enfriuge the privi- 
leges above specified. 

" Given under my hand and seal at Fort James in 
New York in Manhattan Island the 8th day of April, in 
the 17th j-ear of the reign of our sovereign lord Charles the 
Second by the grace of God, of England, Scothuid, France 
and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, etc., and in the 
year of our Lord God 1665. 

Richard Nicolls. 
" Entered in the office of reaord in ±^ew York, the day 
and year above written. 

Matthias Nicolls, Secretary." 

COMMENCEMENT OF SETTLEMENTS. 



THE PATENTEES AND THEIIl ASSOCIATES. — GRANTS AND CON- 
CESSIONS TO SETTLERS. — THE MONMOUTH PATENT. — THE 
FIRST LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF NEW JERSEY. — BUYING 
LAND OF THE INDIANS. 

The years in which some of the settlers came to 
Monmouth is given in their claims made in 1675, for 
"Rights of land due according to Grants and Concessions 
made by the Proprietors," A record of these claims is 
preserved in the office of Surveyor General of East Jer- 



28 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

sey at Perth Amboy, from wliicli the following extracts 
are- made : It will be seen that under the " Grants and 
Concessions," the men named in the Monmouth Patent 
were allowed 500 acres each ; then each man and wife 
120 acres each; then allowances for children, and also 
for servants. 

The names of most of the early settlers of Monmouth 
are given in Proprietors' Records at Perth Amboy, but in 
a majority of cases, the year is not given when they came. 
Very many to whom warrants for land were issued in 
1675 and subsequently, had been settlers for a number 
of years previous. 

The following list of warrants gives names of per- 
sons who claimed land under Grants and Concessions 
and the amounts granted them : 

1675. Here begins the Rights of Land due accord- 
ing to Concessions : 

Kichard Stoiit, of Middletown, brings for his rights for himself, his 
■wife, his two sons, John and Richard, 120 acres each, 480 acres. Iceni. — 
For his sons and daughters that are to come of age since the year 1667, 
viz : James, Peter, Mary, Alice and Sarah, each 60 acres — 300 acres. Total, 
780 acres. 

John Stout, of Jliddletown, for himself and wife, 210 acres; Richard 
Stont in his own right, Shrewsbury, 120 aci'es; James Stout in his own 
right, 60 acres ; Peter Stout in his own right, 60 acres ; Sarah Stout in her 
own right, 60 acres; James Bound (Bo wne) in right of himself and wife, 
Mary Stout, 210 acres; John Throckmorton in right of himself and wife, 
Alice Stout, 240 acres. 

Thomas Whitlock, of Middletown, for his rights from the yeir 1064 
for himself, wife and three sons, Thomas, William and John, iu all, five 
persons, at 120 per head, 600 acres 

Katherine Brown, the widow of Bartholomew We.st, of Shrewsbury, 
in right of herself and deceased husband, from 1666, 90 acres each — 180 
acres; and for her two sons and daughter, Stephen, William and Audry 
West, 60 each — 180 acres. 

Nicholas Brown in his own right from 1665, 120 acres, and his wife's 
from 166(), 90 acres— 210 acres. 

Captain John Bowne, of Middletown, for his rights, 18th March, 
1675, 500 acres, as being a first purchaser — 500 acres. Hem. — For lights 
of himself and wife, his father, mother, and for William Compton and his 
wife from first year, 120 acres each, 780 acres; three servants at 60 acres 
each, 180 acres. 

Jonathan Holmes demands for his 500 acres, given by the Lords 
Proprietors as being one of the Patentees under first purchase at Navesink, 
and in right of self and wife, 210 acres— 740 acres. 



COMMENCEMENT OF SETTLEMENTS. 29 

Obatliab Holmes for self and wife, 2-10 acres. 

Edward Smith, MidtUetown, self, 120 acres. 

James Ashton, self and wife, 240 acres. 
'Thomas Cox, self and wife, 240 acres. 

John Throckmorton and wife from first year, 240 acres; and in right 
of his father, John, 240 acres. 

Job Throckmorton, self, 120 acres. 

Charles Hynes (Haynes?) and wife, 240 acres. 

Joseph Hiiet in right ot Randall Huet and wife, 240 acres. 

Sarah Keape demands for her rights: In right of Benjamin Speare, 
Shrewsbury, 240 acres; John Horndell, Shrewsbury, 240 acres; Thomas 
Diingan, Shrewsbury, 240 acres; James Leonard, Shrewsbury, 240 acres; 
Marmaduke Ward, Shrewsbury, 240 acres; William James, half share, 
Shrewsbury. 120 acres; Self antl husband, Shrewsbury, 240 acres; Self aud 
husband, MidtUetown, 240 acres ; Samuel Borden, three-fourth share, 
Shrewsbury, 00 acres; Joseph Bryer, 120 acres — 2010 acres. 

Christopher Allmey demands for his rights, Imp'd for himself and 
^^ife and three servants in the year 10(55, at 120 acres a head, which is in 
part in fence, 600 acres; in right of John Hall, who came same year, 120 
acres; in right of Henry Bull, one of the first purchasers, 120 acres; in 
right of Henry Piersie aud wife from the year IGGCi, 180 acres; man servant, 
60 acres — 1080 acres. 

Jonathan Holmes as being a first purchaser, 500 acres; and for self 
and wife, 240 acres; Obadiah Holmes and wife, 240 acres, Edward Smith, 
120 acres; James Ashton and wife, 240 acres; Thomas Cox and wife, 240 
acres; John Throckmorton and wife, 240 acres; John Throckmorton lor 
his father, John, 240 acres; Job Throckmorton, self, 120 acres. 

Warrants for tracts of land to be subsequently lo- 
cated and surveyed, were issued by the Proprietors to 
the following among other persons : 

1675. Nicholas Brown, 210 acres ; Thomas Wainright and wife 180 
acres; Katheriue Brown, late widow of Barthoknuew West, in right of her 
deceased husband, 180 acres; Stephen, William and Audry VVest, 60 acres 
each, 180 acres; Edward Lafetra and wife, 180 acres; Robert West, 120 
acres ; Abraham Brown and wife, 120 acres ; Joseph Parker and wife, 240 
acres; Richard Stout, Jr., and wife, 120 acres; Richard Stout, Sr , and wife, 
780 acres; John Stout, 120 acres; James, Peter and Mary Stout, 60 each, 
180 acres; Richard Hartshorne, 200 acres; Peter Parker, 180 acres; Francis 
Le Maistre, 240 acres ; Clement and Pauline Masters, 120 acres; Thomas 
Wright, self and wife, 180 acres; Gabriel Stelle, 12(J acres. 

1676. Christopher Allmey in right of self, wife and others, lOSO acres. 
Sarah Reape in right of ten i)orsons, 2010. 

John Throckmorton, 480 acres; Job Throckmorton, 120 acres; James 
Ashton, 240 acres; Thomas Cox, 240 acres; Joseph Huet, 210 acres; James 
Bowne, 240 acres ; Thomas Warne, 240 acres ; Stephen Arnold, 360 acres; 
Hannaniah Gifford and wife, 240 acres; Thomas Leeds, Sr., aud wife, 120 
acres; William Leeds and wife, Dorothea, 120 acres; Daniel Leeds and wife, 
Anne, 120 acres ; Thomas Leeds. Jr., 120 acres; Clement Shinn and Eliza 



30 HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

his wife, 120 acres ; George Shinn, 60 acres ; Thomas Jacob and wife, 120 
acres; William Heyden, 60 acres. 

1676. Thomas Cook, 60 acres ; John Champners, 60 acres ; William 
Shattock, 360. 

Samuel Spicer, for his rights from Lords Proprietors, 500 acres; and 
for self and wife, 240 acres —740 acres. 

Col. Lewis Morris, (for iron works,) about 3,000 acres. 

John Hance, 3:$0 acres; Richard Richardson, 1-^0 acres; John Wilson, 
240 acres ; James Grover, (500 and 36(1)— 860 acres; Peter Tilton (500 and 
570)— 1070 acres; Richard Gibbons, 500 acres; Sarah Reape, 500; Nathaniel 
Silvester, 500 acres; James Grover, Sr., 400 acres; Henry Leonard, (450 and 
360)— 750 a^res; Richard Sadler, 240 acres; John Jobs, 120 acres ; George 
Jobs, 120 acres; Francis Harbert, 120 acres; Thomas Harbert, (132 and 
240)— 372 acres ; Benjamin Devell (Deuell), 250 acres ; John Vanghan, 135 
acres. 

1676. Walter Wall and wife, 210 acres; William Layton and wife, 
240 acres ; John Smith and wife, 240 acres ; Richard Dans and wife, 120 
acres; Daniel Estell and wife, 120 acres; James Dorsett and wife, 240 acres; 
George Mount and wife, 240 acres; William Cheeseman, 120 acres; Thomas 
Morford, 120 acres ; John WiUiama and wife, 240 acres; Henry Marsh, 120 
acres; William ^^^litelock, 120 acres; John Whitelock, 120 acres. 

Richard Hartshorne, in right of servants that he hath brought, 90 
acres each, 270 acres; right of WilliEm Goldingand wife, 240 acres ; right of 
Robert Jones and wife, 240 acres— 750. 

William Lawrence, in right of self and sister, Hannah Lawrence, 
240 acies. 

John Havens and wife, 240 acres; William Worth and wife, 240 acres; 
Morris Worth, 120 acres 

1677. Caleb Shrife (Shrieve), in right of John Cooke, 240 acres; John 
Slocum and wife, 240 acres ; Benjamin Biirdan and wife, 240 acres ; John 
Hance, Avife and man servant, 360 acres; in right of John Foxall, 240 acres! 
in right of Thorlogh Swiney, 240 acres ; Edward Wharton and wife, 240 
acres; Francis Borden in right of Nathaniel Tompkins, 240 acres; and for 
self and wife, 240 acres— 480; John Borden and wife. 240 acres. 

Sarah Beape, in right of Thos. Winterton and wife, 240 acres; also 
Christopher Fasze (?) and wife, 240 acres; also Gabriel Hicks and wife, .240 
acres; also Marmaduke Ward, 240 acres ; also William James, 120 acres; 
also self and husband, 240 acres; also Samuel Borden, 90 acres — 1410. 

1676. Hugh Dikeman, wife and daughter, 360 acres. 

Abraham Brown and wife, 240 acres, and in right Peter Tilton and 
wife, 240 acres —480 ; Isaac Ouge and wife, 120 acres ; John Ruckman and 
wife, 240 acres ; Richard Lippencott, wife and two sons and two servants, 
600 acres ; John Lippencott and wife, 240 acres ; .John Woolley and wife, 
120 acres ; Elifikim Wardell, in right of Nicholas Davis, ten shares, 480 
acres ; Thomas AVard and wife, 240 acres ; Stephen Arnold and wife, in 
right Samuel Holeman, 560 acres ; George Hul^^tt and wife, 240 acres ; 
Thomas Barnes, wife and maid servant, 180 acres. 

1677. Thomas Applegat", Sr., 240 acres ; Thomas Applegate, Jr., 120 
acres; John King, 60 acres; Ebenezer Cottrell, 120 acres; Thomas Williams, 



COMMENCEMEXT OF SETTLEMENTS. HI 

60 acres ; Adnin Cliiiunelhuuse, 240 acres ; llestuc Lippoucott uiul wife, 2-4U 
acres ; Peter Easton and wife, 240 acres ; Peter Tilton, iu ri^bt of his 
brother John and wife, 240 acres ; Gideon Freeborn and wife, 240 acres ; 
Jacob Cole and wife, 240 acres ; Benjamin llogers and wife, 120 acres ; 
Remembrance Lippeucott and wife, 240 acres ; Judah Allen, in right of 
Annanias Garrett, 240 acres ; Judah Allen, in right Daniel Gould, 120 acres; 
Judah Allen, in right Joshua Coggeshall, 120 acres ; Annaniah Giti'ord, in 
right Wm. Gilford, 120 acres ; Eliakiui VVardell and wife, 240 acres ; 
Eliakim W ardell, for Kobert .Story and wife, 240 acres ; Samuel VVoolcott 
and wife, 240 acres ; Hannah Jay alias Hannah Cook, 60 acres ; Samuel 
Hatton (no amount j. 

1678 — Daniel Applegate, 120 acres ; Samuel Leonard, 240 acres ; 
Nathaniel Leonard, 120 acres ; Thomas Leonard, 120 acres ; Henry 
Leonard, Jr., liJO acres; John Leonard, 120 acres; Samuel Willett and 
wife, 12o acres ; Lewis Mattex, three tracts; Cornelius Steenmen, adjoining 
lands ; William Lawrence, in right of original purchaser, for self, wife and 
son, 360 acres. 

167^. Koger Ellis, 440 acres; William Compton, 280 acres; Nicholas 
SeiTah, 80 acres; Isaac Bryan, 840 acres; Jacob Triax, (Trucx) 120 acres; 
Peter Parker, George Parker, Stephen West, John Jerson, Christoi)her 
Gifford. J arret V\ ail and wife, l'.^0 acres; Jiandall Huet and wife, 240 acres; 
Derrick Tuneson and wife, "^40 acres; Joshua Silvervvood and wife, 120 
acres. Safety Grover and wife, 120 acres ; Jacob Triax (i'ruax), 120 
acres; Eobrt Hamilton, 100 acres ; Thomas Potter, wife, son and daughter, 
at Deale, 500 acres; I'rancis Jeffrey, at Deale, 120 acres; Isaac Bryan, Pop- 
lar Swamp, self, wife, tonr children and eight servants, 840 acres. 

1681. Patents, or confirmations of titles for land were gi'anted to 
Gideon Freeborn, Hannah Joy, Henry Bowman, Caleb Shrieff, (Shrieve), 
Peter Easton, John Williams, George Parker, Nathaniel Cammack, Samuel 
Wolcott, Francis Jeffries, Daniel Leeds, Joseph Wardell, John Chamnis, 
Eestre Lippencott, Bemembrance Lippencott, John Lippencott, Christo- 
pher Gifford, Morris Worth, Annanias Gifford, Edward Wharton, Henry 
Marsh, John Slocum, Nathaniel Slocum, Thomas Potter, Elizabeth Hatton, 
Job Havens, Samiiel Spicer, William Snattock, John Hance, Peter Parker, 
John Clayton, Stephen West, Edmond Lafetra, William West, Francis 
Parden, (Purdaine Vj, John Chambers, liobert West, Thojuas Hilborne, 
Tobias Hansen, John Borden, John Worthley, Hugh Dickman, Wilham 
Worth, Eliakim U'ardell, John Jerson, Benjamin Bogers. 

In lt)85 to Kichard GanUner, Samuel Colver, Garret Wall, and 
George Corhes. 

In 1686 to Gershom Bowne, George Mount, Safety Grover, James 
Grover, Jr., Joseph West, George Keith, Bobert Hamilton and Francis 
Jackson. 

In 16S7 to William Shadock, Edwanl Williams, Thomas Eatone, 
Jacob Lippencott, Thomas Huet, Abigail Lippencott, Francis Borden, John 
Borden, Peter White, John Cranford, John Bi-ea (Bray), Saiimel White, 
Job Jenkins and Nathaniel Parker. 

In 1688, Mordecai Gibbons in right of his father, Richard Gibbons, had 
confirmed to him a tract of .^lO acres. And so called '"head lands" were 



32 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

granted to James Paul and Isabel, his wife, 30 acres ; Robert and Marj' 
Cole, 30 acres ; Archibald Siliver and Christiana, his wife, 30 acres ; also 
patent to Thomas and Richard Hankinson, 120 acres. 

In 1689 Rebecca Coward, a servant of William Duckura, had a 
patent for 30 acres, which she transferred to John Bowne. 

In 1692 Richard Hartshorne had patent in right of Walter Clark, of 
R. I. , one of the patentees, 500 acres. 

In 1693 Thomas Webley had patent in right of Stephen and Audi-y 
West. 

In 1697 patents were given to Gershom Mott and John Chamberlain. 



THE FIKST LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY IN NEW 

JEESEY. 



It is very evident that during tlie first two or tliree 
years of tlie settlement, tliere must have been busy times 
for the little sloops in carrying settlers to and fro and in 
bringing over their families, household goods, merchan- 
dise, lumber, etc., from their old homes to tRe new settle- 
ment. We may conjecture that after the first settlers 
landed and had selected their lots or tracts of land that the 
first work would be putting up shelters, either log houses 
or perhaps more pretentious dwellings of lumber brought 
from Graveseud, Newport or elsewhere. Clearing the 
land and putting up fences was the next serious task. In 
this work the first year would probably be occupied. 
Perhaps many of them did not bring over their families 
to reside permanently until this work was accomplished. 
In 1667 the settlers found themselves so far advanced, 
with dwellings erected and lands cleared, that they had 
opportunity to take measures to establish a local govern- 
ment. 

By the terms of the Nicolls patent, (the patentees 
named,) their associates, heirs, successors, and assigns 
had liberty to elect by the vote of the major part of the 
inhabitants, "five or seven other persons of the ablest 
and discreetest of said inhabitants " to join with them in 
making such peculiar and prudential laws as to them 
seemed meet. 

In pursurance of this permission a General Assem- 



BUYING LAND OF THE INDIANS. 33 

bly of delegates from the three toAvns was hehl in Slirews- 
bury on the 14th of December, 1GG7. This Avas the first 
legislative body ever assembled in New Jersey. Kichard 
Richardson was chosen as its secretary, and appointed 
to record acts, orders and deeds, and hence may be con- 
sidered the first County Clerk of Monmouth. His record 
of the proceedings of this Assembly is still Avell pre- 
served. 



BUYING LAND OF THE INDIANS. 



In August, 1664, the Dutch at New Amsterdam sur- 
rendered to the English and soon after, the Gravesend 
men before alluded to, made another and a successful 
effort to purchase land of the Indians and within a few 
months made two other purchases. 

The firsf Indian purchase was by a deed dated Jan- 
uary 25, 1664, legal year, January 25, 1065, by our cal- 
endar year ; the original record of this deed is at Alban}', 
N. Y., Liber 3, page 1. It was from Popomora, chief of 
the Nevesink Indians to James Hubbard, John Bowne, 
John Tilton, Jr., Richard Stout, "William Goulding and 
Samuel Spicer, all of Gravesend. This deed was also 
agreed to by Mishacoing, a brother of Popomora. It 
was witnessed by Indians named Rickhoran, Checockran, 
Chrye, Serand and Mingwash. The considerations given 
were as follows : 

118 fathom seawamp (wampum), of which 68 fathom 
w^as to be white seawamp, and 50 fathom black, 5 coats, 
1 gun, 1 clout capp, 1 shirt, 12 lbs tobacco, 1 anker wine ; 
all of Avliich were acknowledged as received, and 82 
fathoms additional of seawamp to be paid twelve months 
hence. 

The interpreters Avere John Tilton, Sr., James Bowne, 
John Horabin, Randall Huet and John Wilstm. The 
fact of these men being interpreters shows that they 
previously had had c(nisideral)le intercourse with the In- 
dians. 



34 HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

The second purchase was dated April 7, 1665, and 
was from Indians named Taplawappammund, Mattama- 
hickanick, Yawjoochammund, Kackenliam, Mattanoli, 
Norchou and Qurrmeck and the deed was to John Tilton 
Sr., Samuel Spicer, William Goulding, Richard Gibbons, 
James Grover and Richard Stout. 

The third purchase was dated June 5, 1665, and 
from Indians named Manavendo, Emmerdesolsee, Pop- 
pomera, Checawsen, Shanhemun, Cramanscum, Wine- 
germeen and Macca, and the deed was to James Grover, 
John Bowne, Richard Stout, John Tilton, Richard Gib- 
bons, William Goulding-, Samuel Spicer and " the rest of 
the company." 

The articles given for the second and third purchases 
were wampum, wine and tobacco, 11 common coats, three 
pairs of breeches, 9 blankets, 45 yards duffel (coarse cloth) 
4 1-2 lbs. powder, 15 1-2 lbs. lead, etc. — in all about the 
same value in proportion as for the first pui^hase. The 
orignal record of these deeds is also at Albany, and 
copies are recorded at Perth Amboy and at Trenton. 
These purchases were acknowledge before Governor 
Nicolls at New York. In their first land sales, the In- 
dians were anxious to procure coats, but they seemed to 
have cared but little for breeches, preferring to go bare- 
legged; said an Indian : " Indian's legs like white man's 
face, no want covering." But Popomora and some of 
his chiefs were probably induced to wear breeches as 
they had to visit the settlement at Gravesend and also to 
go to New York, to acknowledge the deeds before the 
Governor, and Tilton, Stout and the others would natu- 
rally object to the Indians parading through the streets 
of New York, dressed Avitli only a short coat and perhaps 
a few feathers stuck in their hair ! 

The following account is a sample of receipts and 
expenditures in the original purchase of the lands of the 
Indians and the names of the purchasers and shares 
awarded is from Book A, Freehold Records : 

Newasink, Nainnisnnk and Pootapeck, Dr. as followeth to William 
Beape : 



24 


5 





23 


1(J 


() 


25 


02 






BUYING LAND OF THE INDIANS. 35 



To John Tilton and Company 

in peague * 
lu rum at tymes at 7-6 per -gallon 

45 duffels 

To the Sachem of ye gift laud 

and to Randal Huet in rum 1 Qo (j 

To a sloop hire 10 days, with expeuces 

in provisions ujdou a voyage with the 

Patentees to Pootopeek Neck 4 0(; o 

To the charge of three men sent 

from Rhode Island to settle ye, the 

counterey affairs here 3 ()s o 

To the use of Derrick Smiths sloope 

for their transport 4 11 G 

To 21 days for myself on ye 

publique affairs with provisions 3 03 

To the forbearance of my money 00 

To my expense of new attending the 

publique service at the making of 

this account 00 



£S9 07 



The above accompt of disbursements of William 
Eeape, amoimtiug to ^89 07s Od is owned by us, the 
Patentees and Deputies now present at Portland Point. 

Witness our hands tins ^)th day of July, 1G70 : 

Will Goulding, 
James Gro^t:r, 
John Bowne, 

KiCHARD GiBBONSj 

his 

lllCHAllD X StOL'T, 

mark 

Patentees. 
John Hance, 
Ell\kim Wardell, 
James Bowne, 

De2:)uties. 
Testis: E. Richardson. 



Backus' History of Bajitists says a waii'iniin pcagnc was worth one-sixth of a penny. 



36 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

3I0NM0UTH COUNTY— WHEN ESTABLISHED. 



The name Moumoutli was officially given to the 
county March 7th, 1G83, as will be seen l)y the following 
extracts : 

" Att a Councill held the 7th day of the mo-1 called 
March 168 2-3 ^ '• ^^ ' * * .^ * 

"A bill sent downe from the Deputy es for devideiug 
the ji'vince into Countyes read and agreed vtno." — 
Journal of proceedings of Gov. cfc Council, 1682 — 1703. 

The following is an extract from the bill referred to : 

" At a General Assembly begun and holden at Eliza- 
bethtowu in this Province of East New Jersey, the first 
day of the Month called March Anno Domini 1682 and in 
the Five a,nd Thirtieth year of the reign of King Charles 
the Second, over England, etc. and there continued by 
several adjournments thereof until the twenty-eight day 
of the said Month of March, for the public Weale of this 
Province was Enacted as follows : 

-X- -Jf -K- -if ^f ■^- ^ ^ '-s 

" IV. An Act to divide the Province into Four 
Counties. — Having taken into consideration the necessity 
of dividing the Province into respective Counties for the 
better governing and settling Courts in the same : — 

" Be it Enacted, by this General Assembly, and the 
Authority thereof, that this Province be divided into four 
counties as followeth : (Here follows the bounds of Ber- 
gen, Essex, and Middlesex, after which the bounds of 
Monmouth are given as follows :) 

" Monmoxith County to begin at the Westward 
Bounds of Middlesex county, containing Middletown and 
Shrewsbury and so extend Westward, Southward, and 
Northward to the extream Bounds of the Province. 
Provided this distinction of the Province into Counties, 
do not extend to the infringement of any Liberty in any 
Charter already granted." 

The name Monmouth was given to the county 
through the influence of Col. Lewis Morris who at the 
beginning of this session (March 1st,) was said to have 



DISCOVERY OF OCEAN COUNTY. 37 

l)eeu "Elected for Slirewslmiv " as a Deputy, luil liis 
place declared vacant, probabl}- because lie liad Ixmmi 
selected by the Governor as a nicmbci' of tlu^ couiu-il at 
that time. 

Colonel Morris had ])urcliased a large tract of land, 
in what was afterwards known as Mcniniouth County, 
October 25th, 1070, said to contain 3, 540 acres, whei-e- 
upon he located, as described in lOHO, "his iron mills, 
his Manors, and divers other l)uildin<i;s for his servants 
and dependants ; together with GO or 70 negroes about 
the Mill and Husbandry. To this plantation he gave the 
name of Tintern (corrupted afterwards to Tinton) after 
an estate which had belonged to the family in Mon- 
mouthshire, England, and from him Monmouth county 
received its name." 

DISCOVEEY OF OCEAN COUNTY. 



Who first discovered this section of our country? 
Who first entered Baruegat Bay, and explored its shores ? 
Who were the first whites who located here '? Have any 
accounts of the Indians once living here been preserved ? 
These are among the first questions which naturall}'' 
present themselves in making inquires into the early his- 
tory of this section of our State. While the records of 
the past, meagre indeed as regards this locality, do not 
furnish as full answers as desirable, yet much has been 
preserved which is of interest to all desirous of obtain- 
ing information on these and kindred points. 

The discovery of that part of New Jersey now known 
as Ocean County, was by Sir Henry Hudson, on the 2d 
day of Septeml)er, 1609, while cruising along our coast 
in the celebrated Dutch shii^, the Half Moon. This ship 
was quite Small, being of only eighty tons burthen, and 
of a build that Avould now be considered cpiite novel, re- 
minding one of the curious-looking Dutch galliots, which 
occasionall)- were seen in the harbor of New York a gen- 
eration or so ago, which used to attract the attention of, 
and are well remembered by old seafaring men of Ocean 
County. 



38 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

This ship, two or three days j^revionsly, had tried to 
enter Dekiware Bay, but findiug the navigation danger- 
ous, no attempt was made to land, and she again stood 
out to sea. After getting fairly out, Hudson headed 
north-eastwardly, and after a while hauled in and made 
land, Sept. 2d, near Egg Harbor. A very complete log 
of the ship was kept by the mate, Alfred Juet, and the 
part relating to Monmouth and Ocean counties is pub- 
lished elsewhere in these pages. 

Samiiel H. Shreve, Esq., who in past years has furn- 
ished many valuable historical items to the New Jersey 
Courier, says in a communication dated January, 1868 : 
" Ferrago Forge was erected by Gen., Lacey in 1809, and 
the same year Dover Forge was built by W. L. Smith, 
the son-in-law of Lacey." 

It has been stated that Lacey expended ten thousand 
dollars at Ferrago in building the dam alone, and the 
construction of the forge and other buildings and of the 
road to Forked River must have required a very consid- 
erable outlay of money. 

OLD MONMOUTH DESCEIBED BY AN ANCIENT 
WEITEE. 



MIDDLETOWN, SHREWSBURY AND FREEHOLD IN 1708. NEW 

JERSEY A PARADISE. 

We cop3^ the following from the celebrated but quite 
rare work of Oldmixon, published in 1708. The capitals, 
orthography and italics are about as in the originah 

After describing Middlesex county, he says : " We 
cross over the river from Middlesex into 

Monmoxitli County ; Where we first meet w^ith Mld- 
dleton a pretty Good Town consisting of 100 Families 
and 30,000 Acres of Ground on what they call here Out 
Plantations. 'Tis about 10 or 12 miles over Land, to 
the Northward of Shrewsbury and 26 miles to the South- 
ward of Piscattaw^ay. Not far off, the Shoar winds itself 
about like a Hook and being sandy gives Name to all the 
Bay. 

Shreirshnry is the most Southern Town of the Prov- 



OLD MONMOUTH DESCKIBED ]!Y AX AXCIENT WPJTEri. ?)9 

iuce aud reckon'd the cliief Town of tlie Sliire. It con- 
tains about ICO Families aud 30,000 Acres of ^'//^Z Planta- 
tions, belonging to its Division. 'Tis situated on the 
Side of a fresh Water Stream, thence called Shrewsbiirv 
Eiver, not far from its Mouth. Between this Town aud 
Jliddht&nis an Iron Work but we do not understand it 
has been any great Benefit to the Proju-ietors. Col. 
Morris is building a Church at the Falls. There's a new 
town in the County called 

Freelwld, which has not beeu laid out and inhabited 
long. It does not contain as vet above 40 Families and 
as to its Out Plantations we suppose they are much the 
same in number with the rest and may count it about 
30,000 acres. 

We have not divided the counties into Parishes and 
that for a good reason, there being none, nor indeed a 
Church in the whole Province worth that Name. But 
there are several Congregations of Church of England 
men as at Shrewsbury , An tboy, Elizabeth Town and Free- 
hold whose Minister is Mr. Jolin Beak ; his Income is 05^ 
a year ; and a Church is building at Salem. 

In another place Oldmixon in speaking of the first 
settlers of New Jersey says : 

" We must note that most of the first English Inhabi- 
tants in this country (East and West Jersey) were Des- 
senters, and most of them Quakers and Anabaptists. 
These paople are generally industrious ; Be their Hypo- 
crisy to themselves if they are Hypocrites ; but we must 
do them the Justice to own that they are the fittest to 
inhabit a new discovered Country, as possessing Industry, 
and shunning those public Vices which beget Idleness 
and Want. Their enemies drove great numbers of them 
out of England, and the Jerseys had their share of them. 
The People here are for this Picason Dissenters to this 
Day, there being but twoC^hurch of England Ministers iu 
both Provinces ; ;iud this may be one reason why there 
are no Parish Churches, which the Inhabitants may T)e 
afraid to l)uild, least it might b(> a temptation foi' more 
Orthodox Divines to come amonsj; them. 



40 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

"A gentleman asking one of the Proprietaries 'If there 
were no Lawyers in the Jerseys f Was answered ' J^o.' 
And then ' // tJiere were no PJtysicians f ' The Propri- 
etor replied 'No.' 'Nor Parsons f adds the Gentleman. 
* No,' says the Proprietor. Upon which the other cry'd 
' What a liappy place must tlds he and Jioai loortliy the 
name of Paradice ! ' We do not perhaps differ more from 
this gentleman than we agree with him." 

Oldmixon derived his information of New Jersey 
from two of the Proprietors as will be seen by the fol- 
lowing extract from his preface : 

" Mr. Poclwra and Dr. Cox were both so kind as to 
inform him fully of the Jeeseys and Mr. Pen did him the 
same Favor for Pennt-yivania ■ these three Gentlemen 
doing him the Honor to admit him into their Friend- 
ship." 

OLD MONMOUTH UNDER THE DUTCH. 



Ex-Governor Parker, dec'd, in his valuable address 
before the New Jersey Historical Society, produced the 
old town book of Middletown township, which gives the 
history of this section of East Jersey from 1667 to 1702. 
After the Dutch conquest in 1673, it was stated that little 
or nothing is recorded in the town book during their 
brief rule of less than a year. 

The Dutch had the supremacy in New York and New 
Jersey until 1664, when the English conquered the 
Dutch. In 1673, a war having again broken out between 
England and Holland, a small Dntch squadron was sent 
over and arrived at Staten Island, July 30th. Captain 
Manning, the English officer temporarily in command at 
New York, surrendered at once without any effort to de- 
fend the place and the Dutch again resumed sway over 
New York, New Jersey and settlements along the Dela- 
ware. They retained it however only a few months, as 
by a treaty made in February following, these places 
were ceded back to England, though the English ap})ear 
not to have taken formal possession until November fol- 



OLD MONMOUTH rNDElt THE DUTCH. 41 

lowing. During this short time Avliile the Dntcli Avere again 
in autli(n'ity, enihracing the time that the Middletown 
township hook records but little or nothing, the follow- 
ing items relating to Old Monmouth, are tVjimd among 
the official records of the Dutch at New York. The first 
is an order issued shortly after their arrival ; the ortho- 
graphy is given as found. 

" The inhabitants of Middletown and Shrewsbury, 
are hereby charged and required to send their deputies 
unto us on Tuesday morning next, for to treat with us 
upon articles of surrendering their said towns under the 
obedience of their High and Mighty Lords, the States 
General of the said United Provinces, and his serene 
Highness, the Prince of Orange, or by refusall we shall 
be necessitated to subdue the places thereunto by force 
of arms. 

" Dated at New Orange this l'2tli day of August, A. 
D. 1673. 

" coiinelis evertse, jr. 
"Jacob Benckes." 

In compliani-e with the above order, deputies from 
Shrewsbury, Middletown and other places in East Jer- 
sey, appeared in court on the 18th of August, and upon 
their verbal request the same privileges were granted to 
them as to Dutch citizens. 

" August 19th, 1678. Middletown, Shrewsbury and 
other towns in Achter Coll, to name tAvo deputies each, 
who shall nominate three persons for Sellout and three 
for Secretarys, out of which said nominated i)ersons by 
us shall be elected for each town, three magestrates and 
for the six towns, one Schout, and one Secretary. 

" Jacob Benckes. 
" CoiiNELis EvEirrsE, Jr." 

Achter Coll above mentioned, is said to mean " be- 
ycmd the hills," that is, beyond Bergen Hills. The 
butch in New York, it is stated, sometimes called Old 
Monmouth and other parts of East Jersey, T)eyond Ber- 
gen Hills, by this name. 

" April 19th, 1674. A certain ])roclamation b^ing de- 



42 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

livered iuto Coiiucil from tlie Magestrates of the Toiiue 
of Middletoune, proliibitiug all inhabitants from depart- 
ing out of said toune, unless they give bail to return as 
soon as their business will have been performed, or they 
be employed in public service &c., requesting the Gov- 
erners approval of the same, which being read and con- 
sidered, it is resolved and ordered by the Governer Gen- 
eral and Council, that no inhabitant can be hindered 
changing his domicile, within the Province unless 
arrested for lawful cause ; however ordered that no one 
shall depart from the toune of Middletoune, unless he 
jjreviously notifies the Magestrates of his intention." 

CAUSES OF THE EEVOLUTION — PRINCIPLES 
INVOLVED. 



EARLY STAND TAKEN BY THE CITIZENS OF MONMOUTH.^ — ^PRO- 
CEEDINGS OF MEETINGS IN DIFFERENT TOWNSHIPS IN 
1774-5. — FREEHOLD LEADS THE STATE. — COUNTY RESO- 
LUTIONS. — AN ADMIRABLE DOCUMENT. — PATRIOTS APPEAL 
TO THEIR DESCENDANTS. — "A FAITHFUL RECORD" OF 1774. 

Historians of other States have always conceded 
that the citizens of New Jersey were among the earliest 
and most active opponents of those tyrannical acts of 
Great Britain which brought on the war, and finally re- 
sulted in separation. Large and spirited public meet- 
ings were held in various parts of the State in 1774-5, to 
denounce the obnoxious laws, and to organize for counsel 
and defence. 

At this stage of affairs, separation from England had 
not been proposed, and most of these meetings, while 
condemning the acts of the British Ministry and Parlia- 
ment, still expressed decided loyalty to the King. Our 
ancestors warmly seconded the stand taken by the people 
of Boston, and freely forwarded contril>utions to the suf- 
fering inhabitants of that city. 

We annex extracts from the proceedings of some of 
these meetings in Old Monmouth, as they exhibit the 
timely zeal and firm and decided spirit of its citizens, and 



CAUSES OF THE liEVOLUTION — PltlNCirEES INVOLVED. 4o 

also furnish the names of some of the loading' spirits avIio 
were prominent in the early stages of political movements 
which brought on the Revolution. The several counties of 
the State were recpiested to send (lele<2;ates to meet at New 
Brunswick, July '21st, 1774, to consider wlnit action should 
he taken by the citizens of the ])rovince of New Jersey. 
This convention was <i;enerally spoken of as the "Pro- 
vincial Congress of New Jersey," and was a different body 
from the Legislature ; in several instances, howcner, the 
same persons were members of both bodies. A niindH'r 
of persons named in these proceedings were afterwards, 
during the war, conspicuous in military ov civil life, for 
their services in behalf of their country in legislative 
halls and on the field of battle. 

For a year or two the citizens of the county appeal 
to have been about unanimous in their sentiments, but 
when finally the subject of a separation from the mother 
country was boldly advocated, there was found to be a 
diversity of opinion, and some who were among the 
most active in the meetings of 1774-5, earnestly opposed 
the proposition, and eventually sided with England in 
the later years of that memorable struggle. The fearful 
consequences of this division, in which it would seem 
almost every man capable of bearing arms was compelled 
to take sides, we have endeavored to give in other 
chapters. 

The citizens of Freehold had the honor, we believe, 
of holding the first meeting in New Jersey to denounce 
the tyrannical acts of Great Britain — of inaugurating the 
movements in our State which finally resulted in Inde- 
pendence. The date of their first meeting is June ()th, 
1774 ; the earliest date of a meeting in any other place 
that we have met with, is of a meeting at Newark, June 
11th, 1774. 

The following is a copy of the Freehold Proceedings : 

LowEit Freehold Resolutions. 

"FltEEHOLD June (Itli 1774. 
"At a meeting of the Freeholders and Inhabitants 
of the Township of Low(n- Freehold in th(> county of 



44 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Monmouth in New Jersey, on Monday the 6th day of 
June, 1774, after notice given of the time, place and oc- 
casion of this meeting : 

" Resolved That it is the unanimous opinion of this 
meeting, that the cause in which the inhabitants of the 
town of B<)st(,n are now suffering is the common cause of 
the whole Continent of North America ; and that unless 
some general spirited measures, for the public safety be 
sjjeedily entered into there is just reason to fear that 
every Province may in turn share the same fate with 
them ; and that therefore, it is highly incumbent on them 
all to unite in some effectual means to obtain a repeal of 
the Boston Port Bill and any other that may follow it, 
which shall be deemed subversive of the rights and privi- 
leges of free born Americans. 

"And that it is the opinion of this meeting that in case 
it shall hereafter apjDear to be consistent with the gen- 
eral opinion of the trading towns and the commercial 
part of our countrymen, that an entire stoppage of im- 
portation and exportation from and to Great Britain and 
the West Indies, until the said Port Bill and other Acts 
be repealed, will be couduciA'e to the safety aud preser- 
vation of North America and her liberties, they will yield 
a cheerful acquiescence in the measure and earnestly 
reccommend the same to all their brethren in this Prov- 
ince. 

" Rejoiced, nioreorer. That the inhabitants of this 
township will join in an Association with the several 
towns in the county and in conjunction with them, with 
the several counties in the Province (if, as we doubt not 
they see fit to accede to the proposal) in any measures 
that may appear best adapted to the weal and safety of 
North America and all her loyal sons. 

" Onhird That 

John Anderson Esq Peter Form an 

Hendrick Smock John Forman 

AsHER Holmes Capt. Jno. Covenhoven 

and Dr. Nathaniel Scudder 

be a committee for the township to join those who may 



CAUSES OF THE KEVOLUTION— rKINCIPLES INVOTAED. 45 

be elected for tlie neighboring toAvnsliips or c-ounties to 
constitute a General Committee for any purposes similar 
to those above mentioned ; and that the gentlemen so ap- 
pointed do immediately solicit a correspondence with 
the adjacent towns." 

(Dr. Scudder subsetpiently was a Colonel in the First 
Kegiment Monmouth Militia, and killed October 15th, 
1781, as described elsewhere.) 

The following week the citizens of Essex sent the 
following to the patriots of Monmouth : 
Essex to Monmouth. 

" Elizabethtown June VA 177-1 
"Gentlemen: The alarming Measures which have 
been lately taken to deprive the Inhabitants of the Ameri- 
can Colonies of their constitutional Eights and Privileges, 
together with the late violent attacks made upon the 
rights and liberties of the Colony of the Massachusetts 
Bay (for asserting and endeavoring to maintain their 
rights) manifestly intended to crush them Avithout Mercy 
and thereby disunite and weaken the Colonies, and at 
the same time dare them to assert or own their Constitu- 
tional Eights, Liberties or Properties, under the Penalty 
of the like, and if possible, wcn-se treatment : and as the 
Assembly of New Jersey are not like to meet in time to 
answer the Design proposed, and the neighboring Colo- 
nies are devising and expecting the immediate union of 
this Colony with them. 

"Sundry of the Inhabitants of the County of Essex 
by Advertisements, convened a general Meeting of said 
County at Newark on Saturday last, when the said in- 
habitants unanimously entered into certain Eesolves and 
Declarations upon that occasion, a copy of which vou 
have enclosed. We the Committee appointed by the said 
Meeting, do earnestly request that You will immediately 
by Advertisements or otherwise, call a ueneral Meetinu- 
of your County for the purposes aforesaid as soon as pos- 
sible, as we have intelligence that it is most ])r()bable the 
General Congress of the Colonies will be held the latter 
end of July next. AVe think New Brunswick the most 



46 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

suitable place for tlie committee to meet, and witli sub- 
mission to them desire tliey will meet us at New Bruns- 
wick on Thursday, July 21st next, at 10 o'clock in the 
morning, unless some other time and place more suitable 
shall in the meantime be agreed upon. 

"We earnestly request your answer as soon as pos- 
sible. 

"Letters of this Tenor and Date we now despatch to 
the other Counties in this Colony. We are. Gentlemen, 
"your most ob't servants 

Stephen Crane, Chairman. 

"B}' order; 

"To Messrs. Edward Taylor, Eichard Lawrence, 
Elisha Lawrence, John Taylor and Henry Waddell and 
other Inhabitants of the County of Monmouth, Friends 
to the Liberties and Privileges of the American Colo- 
nies." 

(The above letter was directed to the above named 
gentlemen "or to any body else in Monmouth County.") 

Delegates from the different townships in the county 
assembled at Freehold, July 19th, and the result of their 
decision is found in the following admirable document. 
It is lengthy, l)ut will well repay perusal. In the closing- 
paragraph they trust that some faithful record will trans- 
mit the reasons which actuated them, to their posterity 
to whom they make a l)rief l)ut eloquent appeal. As 
they desired, this record has been preserved, and as they 
desired, we do what we can to place it before their de- 
scendants : 

Monmouth County Resolutions. 

" On Tuesday, July 19th, 1774, a majority of the 
Committees from the several townships in the County of 
Monmouth of the Colony of New Jersey, met according to 
appointment at the Court House at Freehold in said 
county ; and appearing to have been regularly chosen 
and constituted by their respective townships, they unani- 
mously agreed upon the propriety and expediency of ' 
electing a committee to represent the whole county at 
the approaching Provincial Convention to be held at the 



CAUSES OF THE KEVOIA'TION — rillNl'IPEES INVOLVED. 47 

city of New Brunswick, for the uecessarv purpose of con- 
stituting delegates from this Province to the general 
Congress of the Colonies and for all other such import- 
ant purposes as shall hereafter he found necessarv. 

"They at the same time also recorded the following 
Resolutions, Determinations and Opinions, which they 
wish to be transmitted to posterity as an ami)le testimony 
to their loyalty to his British IMajesty, of their lirm at- 
tachment to the principles of the glorious Eevolution 
and their fixed and unalterable purpose, by every lawful 
means in their power, to maintain and defend themselves 
in the possession and enjoyment of those inestimable 
civil and religious privileges which their forefathers, at 
the expense of so nmcli blood . and treasure, have estab- 
lished and handed down to them. 

"1st. In the names and behalf of their constituents, 
the good and loyal inhabitants of the county of Mon- 
mouth, in the colony of New Jersey, they do cheerfully 
and pul)licly })roclaini their unshaken allegiance to the 
person and government of his most gracious Majesty, 
King George the Third, now on the British throne, and 
do acknowledge themselves bound at all times, and to 
the utmost exertion of their power to maintain his dig- 
nity and lawful sovereignty in and over all his colonies 
in America ; and that it is their most fervent desire and 
constant prayer that in a Protestant succession, the de- 
scendants of the illustrious House of Hanover, may con- 
tinue to sway the British sceptre to the latest posterity. 

" 2d. They do highly esteem and prize the happi- 
ness of being governed and having their liberty and 
property secured to them by so excellent a system of 
laws as that of Great Britain, the best doubtless in the 
universe ; and they will at all times cheerfully obey and 
render every degree of assistance in their power to the 
full and just execution of them. But at the same time 
will, with the greatest alacrity and resolution oppose any 
unwarrantable innovations in them or any additions to 
or alterations in the grand system which may appear un- 
constitutional, and consequently inconsistent with the 



48 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

liberties and privileges of the descendants of free born 
American Britons. 

" 3d. As tliere lias been for ages past, a most happy 
union and uninterrupted connection between Great Brit- 
ain and her colonies in America, they conceive their in- 
terests are now become so intimately blended together 
and their mutual dependence upon each other to be at 
this time so delicately great that they esteem everything 
which has a tendency to alienate affection or disunite 
them in any degree, highly injurious to their common 
happiness and directly calculated to produce a Revolu- 
tion, likely in the end to prove destructive to both ; they 
do therefore heartily disclaim exevj idea of that spirit of 
independence which has, of late, by some of our mistaken 
brethren on each side of the Atlantic, been so ground- 
lessly and injuriously held up to the attention of the 
nation, as having through ambition, possessed the breasts 
of the Americans. And moreover they do devoutly be- 
seech the Supreme Disposer of all events, graciously to 
incline the heart of our Sovereign and all his Ministers, 
to a kind and impartial investigation of the real senti- 
ments and disposition of his truly loyal American sub- 
jects. 

"4th. Notwithstanding many great men and able 
writers have employed their talents and pens in favor of 
the newly adopted mode of taxation in America, the}^ are 
yet sensible of no convictive light being thrown upon the 
subject ; and therefore, although so august a body as that 
of the British Parliament is now actually endeavoring to 
enforce in a military way, the execution of some distress- 
ing edicts upon the capital of the Massachusetts colony, 
they do freely and solemnly declare that in conscience 
they deem them, and all others that are, or ever may be 
framed upon the same principles, altogether unprece- 
dented and unconstitutional, utterly inconsistent with the 
true original intention of Magna Charta, subversive of 
the just rights of free born Englishmen, agreeable and 
satisfactory only to the domestic and foreign enemies of 
our nation, and consequently pregnant with complicated 



CAUSES OF THE REVOLUTION — PRINCIPLES INVOLVED. 49 

ruin, aud teudino- directly to the dissolution aud destruc- 
tion of the British Empire. 

" 5th. As they, on ths on3 hiud linuly believe that 
the inhabitants of the Massachusetts colony in general, 
and those of the town of Boston in particular, are to all 
intents and purposes as loyal svibjects as any in all his 
Majesty's widely extended dominions ; and on the other, 
that (although the present coercive and oppressive meas- 
ures against them may have taken rise in some part 
from the grossest and most cruel misrepresentation both 
of their disposition and conduct) ths blockads of that 
town is principally designed to lead the way in an at- 
tempt to execute a dreadful deep laid plan for enslaving 
all America. They are therefore clearly of opinion, that 
the Bostonians are now eminently suffering in the com- 
mon cause of American freedom, and that their fate may 
probably prove decisive to this very extensive continent 
and even to the whole British nation ; and they do verily 
expect that unless some generous spirited measures for 
the public safety be speedily entered into and steadily 
prosecuted, ever}^ other colony will soon in turn feel the 
pernicious effects of the same detestable restrictions. 
Whence they earnestly entreat every rank, denomina- 
tion, society and profession of their brethren, that, lay- 
ing aside all bigotry and every party disposition, they do 
now universally concur in one generous and vigorous 
effort for the encouragement and support of their suffer- 
ing friends, and in a resolute assertion of their birth- 
right, liberties and privileges. In consequence of wdiich 
they ma}' reasonably- expect a speedy repeal of all the 
arbitrary edicts respecting the Massachusetts govern- 
ment, and at the same time an effectual preclusion of any 
future attempts of the kind from the enemies of our 
happy Constitution, either upon them or any of their 
American brethren. 

" 6th. In case it shall hereafter appear to be con- 
sistent with the result of the deliberation of the general 
Congress, that an interruption or entire cessation of 
commercial intercourse Avith Great • Britain and even 



50 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

(painful as it may be) with the West Indies, until such 
oppressive Acts be repealed and the liberties of America 
fully restored, stated and asserted, will on this deplor- 
able emergency be really necessary and conducive to the 
public good, they promise a ready acquiescence in every 
measure and will recommend the same as far as their 
influence extends. 

" 7th. As a general Congress of Deputies from the 
several American Colonies is proposed to be held at 
Philadelphia soon in Ssptembsr next, they declare their 
entire approbation of the design and think it is the only 
rational method of evading those aggravated evils which 
threaten to involve the whole continent in one general 
calamitous catastrophe. They are therefore met this 
day, vested with due authority from their respective con- 
stituents, to elect a committee to represent this county 
of Monmouth in any future necessary transactions re- 
specting the cause of liberty and especially to join the 
Provincial Convention soon to be held at New Brunswick, 
for the purpose of nominating and constituting a number 
of Delegates, who in behalf of this Colony may steadily 
attend to said general Congress and faithfullj^ serve the 
laboring cause of freedom and they have consequently 
chosen and deputed the following gentlemen to that im- 
portant trust viz : 

Edward Taylor John Anderson 

John Taylor Dr. Nathaniel Scudder 

John Burro wes John Covenhoven 

Joseph Holmes Josiali Holmes 

Edward Williams James Grover 

John Lawrence. 
"Edward Taylor being constituted chairman and any 
five of them a sufficient number to transact business. 
And they do beseech, entreat, instruct and enjoin them 
to give their voice at said Provincial Convention, for no 
persons but such as they in good conscience and from 
the best information shall verily believe to be amply 
qualified for so interesting a department ; particularly 
that they be men highly approved for integrity, honesty 



CAUSES or THE IJEVOLUTION—PRINCIPLES INVOLVED. 51 

and iipriglituess, faitlifully attached to his Majesty's per- 
son and lawful oovernment, well skilled in the principles 
of our excellent constitution and steady assertors of all 
our civil and religious liberties. 

"8th. As under the present operation of the Boston 
Port Bill, thousands of our respected brethren in that 
town must necessarily be reduced to great distress, they 
feel themselves afieeted with the sincerest sympathy and 
most cordial commiseration ; and as they expect, under 
God, that the final deliverance of America will be owiui;, 
in a great degree, to a continuance of their virtuous 
struggle, they esteem themselves bound in duty and in 
interest to aflford them every assistance and alleviation 
in their power ; and they do now in belief of their con- 
stituents, declare their readiness to contribute to the re- 
lief of the suffering poor in that town ; therefore they re- 
quest the several committees of the country, when met, 
to take into serious consideration the necessity and ex- 
pediency of forwarding under a sanction from them, sub- 
scriptions through every part of the Colony, for that 
truly humane and laudal)le purpose ; and that a proper 
plan be concerted for laying out the product of such sub- 
scriptions to the best advantage, and afterwards trans- 
mitting it to Boston in the safest and least expensive 
way. 

"9th. As we are now by our Committees in this, in 
conjunction with those of other colonies, about to dele- 
crate to a number of our countrymen a power equal to 
any wherewith human nature alone was ever invested ; 
and as we firmly resolve to acquiesce in their delibera- 
tions, we do therefore earnestly entreat them, seriously 
and conscientiously to weigh the inexpressible import- 
ance of their arduous department, and fervently to solicit 
that direction and assistance in the discharge of their 
trust, which all the powers of humanity cannot afford 
them ; and we do humbly and earnestly beseech that 
God, in whose hand are the hearts of all flesh and who 
ruleth them at his pleasure, graciously to infuse into the 
whole Congress a spirit of true wisdom, prudence and 



52 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

just moderation ; and to direct them to such unanimous 
and happy conclusion as shall terminate in His own 
honor and glory, the establishment of the Protestant 
succession of the illustrious House of Hanover, the 
mutual weal and advantage of Great Britain and all her 
Dominions and a just and permanent confirmation of all 
the civil and religious liberties of America. And now 
lastly, under the consideration e^f the bare possibility 
that the enemies of our constitution will yet succeed in a 
desperate triumph over us in this age, we do earnestly 
(should this j^rove the case) call upon all future genera- 
tions to renew the glorious struggle for liberty as often 
as Heaven shall afford them any probable means of suc- 
cess. 

"May this notification, by some faithful record, be 
handed down to the yet unborn descendants of Ameri- 
cans, that nothing but the most fatal necessity covild 
have wrested the present inestimable enjoyments from 
their ancestors. Let them universally inculcate upon 
their beloved offspring an investigation of those truths, 
respecting both civil and religious liberty, which have 
been so clearly and fully stated in this generation. May 
they be carefully taught in all their schools ; and may 
they never rest until, through Divine blessing iipon their 
efforts, true freedom and liberty shall reign triumphant 
over the w^iole Globe. 

" Signed by order of the Committees, 

" Edward Taylor Chairman." 

BOSTON GKATEFULLY ACKNOWLEDGES MON- 
MOUTH CONTRIBUTIONS. 



The patriots of Monmouth promptly and freely con- 
tributed to the suffering inhabitants of Boston. In for- 
warding their first contribution " they entreated their 
brethren not to give up, and if they should want a further 
supply of bread to let them know it." 

On the 21st of October, 1774, a letter was Avritteu on 
behalf of the Bostonians, to the citizens of Monmouth, 
in which they say : 



BOSTON ACKNOWLEDGES MONMOUTH CONTRIBUTIONS. 53 

"The kind and orenerous donations of the County of 
Monmouth in the Jersies we are now to acknowledge 
and with grateful hearts to thank you therefor, having 
received from the Committee of said county, per Captain 
Brown, eleven hundred and forty (1140) bushels of rye 
and fifty barrels of rye meal, for the suffering poor of 
this town, which shall be applied to the purpose intended 
by the donors ; and what further cheers our hearts, is 
your kind assurances of a further supply, if necessary, to 
enable us to oppose the cruel Parliamentary Acts, lev- 
elled not only against this town, but our whole Consti- 
tution." 

"Committees of Observation and Inspection." 

"Freehold December 10th 1774. 
"In pursuance of the recommendation of the Con- 
tinental Congress and for the preservation of American 
Freedom, a respectable body of the freeholders of Free- 
hold township met at the Court House and unanimously 
elected the following gentlemen to act as a Committee of 
Observation and Inspection for said township : 
John Anderson Hendrick Smock 

John Forman John Covenhoven 

Asher Holmes Dr. Nath'l Scudder 

Peter Forman Davict Forman 

Dr. T. Henderson. 
"The committee were instructed by their constitu- 
ents to carry into execution the several important and 
salutary measures pointed out to them by the Continental 
Congress and without favor or affection to make all such 
diligent inquiry as shall be found conducive to the ac- 
complishment of the great necessary purposes held up to 
the attention of Americans." 

Upper Freehold, Dover and Middletown formed simi- 
lar committees, and notified the Freehold committee. 

Shrewsbury however failed to appoint a committee. 
This may have been owing to the prevalence of Quaker 
principles in the township. An attempt by the patriots 
of Shrewsbury was made to have a Committee appointed, 



54 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

as will be seen by tlie following copy of an advertise- 
ment put up in this township : 

" APVERTISEMENT. 

" Shrewsbury January 2nd 1775. 

"Af;^reeable to tlie Resolutions of the late General 
Continental Congress — The Inhabitants of the town of 
Shrewsbury, more especially such as are properly quali- 
fied for choosing Representatives to serve in the General 
Assembly are hereby warned to meet at the house of 
Josiah Halstead, in said Shrewsbury, on Tuesday the 
17th of this instant January at noon, in order to choose 
a Committee for the several purposes as directed by the 
said Congress. 

"As the method ordered by the Congress seems to 
be the only peaceable method the case will admit of, on 
failure of which either comfirmed Slavery or a civil war 
of course succeeds ; the bare mention of either of the two 
last is shocking to human nature, more particularly so to 
all true friends of the English Constitution. 

"Therefore it becomes the indispensable duty of all 
such to use their utmost endeavors in favor of the first 
or peaceable method, and sufier it not to miscarry or fail 
of its salutary and much desired effects by means of any 
sinister views or indolence of theirs. Surely exj^ecting 
on the one hand to be loaded with the curses arising 
from slavery to the latest posterity, or on the other hand 
the guilt of blood of thousands of their brethren and 
fellow Christians to lay at their door and to be justly 
required at their hands. 

"Think well of this before it be too late and let not 
the precious moments pass." 

A number of the citizens of Shrewsbury assembled 
at the time and place mentioned in the advertisement 
but they failed to appoint a committee. The following 
shows the conclusion to which the meeting came. It 
concludes more like a Quaker Meeting epistle than 
a town meeting resolve : 
"Extract from a letter to a gentleman in New York 

dated Shrewsbury N. J. January 18th 1775. 



BOSTON ACKNOWLEDGES MONMOUTH CONTRIBUTIONS. 55 

"In consequeuce of an anouymous advertisement 
fixed up in this place, giving notice to freeholders and 
others, to meet on Tuesday the 17th inst. in order to 
choose a Committee of Inspection, etc., between thirty and 
forty of the most respectable freeholders accordingly 
met and after a few debates on the business of the day, 
which were carried on Avith great decency and modera- 
tion it was generally agreed (there being only four or five 
dissenting votes) that the appointment of a committee 
was not only useless, but they were apprehensive would 
jfrove a means of disturbing the peace and quietness 
which had hitherto existed in the township, and Avould 
continue to use their utmost endeavors to preserve and 
to guard against running upon that rock ou which, with 
much concern, they beheld others, through an inatten- 
tive rashness, daily splitting." 

The Freehold Committee of Observation and Inspec- 
tion at a meeting held March 17th, 1775, took up the case 
of Shrewsbury township, and after stating the subject in 
a preamble they resolved that from and after that day 
they would esteem and treat the citizens of Shrewsbury 
as enemies to their King and country and deserters of 
the common cause of Freedom ; and would break ofi" all 
dealings and connections with them "unless they shall 
turn from the evil of their ways and testify their repent- 
ance by adopting the measures of Congress." 

The New Jersey Provincial Legislature, in May fol- 
lowing, authorized other townships to appoint delegates 
for Shrewsbury, but the same month the refractory town- 
ship, as will be seen by the following, chose delegates 
and also a committee of Observation, and so the un- 
pleasantness ended. 

Shiiewh]}uky Falls Into Line. 

" At a meeting of Freeholders and Inhal)itants of the 
the township of Shrewsbury this 27th day of May 1775, 
the following persons were by a great majority, chosen a 
committee of ol)servation for the said town atrreeable to 



56 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

tlie direction of the General Continental Congress held at 
Philadelphia September 5th, 1774 viz. 
Josiah Holmes John Little 

Jos. Throckmorton Samuel Longstreet 

Nicholas Van Brunt David Knott 

Cor. Vanderveer Benjamin Dennis 

Daniel Hendrickson Samuel Breese 

Thomas Morford Garret Longstreet 

Cornelius Lane. 
" Ordered : That Daniel Hendrickson and Nicholas 
Van Brunt, or either of them, do attend the Provincial 
Congress now setting at Trenton, with full power to rep- 
resent there, this town of Shiewsbury. And that Josiah 
Holmes, David Knott and Samuel Breese be a sub-com- 
mittee to prepare instructions for the Deput}^ or Depu- 
ties who are to attend the Congress at Trenton. 

" Josiah Holmes was unanimously chosen chairman. 

Josiah Holmes. 
" Chairman and Town Clerk." 

Freehold Patriots Indignant. — Novel Proceedings. 

March 6th, 1775. 

A Tory pamphlet entitled " I^^ree Thoughts on the 
Resolves, of C(,n(jrexs hy A. W . Juirmer,'" was handed to 
the Freehold Committee of Observation and Inspection 
for their opinion. The committee declared it to be most 
pernicious and malignant in its tendencies and calculated 
to sap the foundation of American liberty. The pamphlet 
was handed back to their constituents who gave it a coat 
of tar and turkey buzzard's feathers, one person remark- 
ing that " although the feathers were plucked from the 
most stinking of fowls, he thought it fell far short of 
being a proper emblem of the author's odiousuess to the 
friends of freedom and he wished lie had the pleasure of 
giving the author a coat of the same material." 

The pamphlet in its gorgeous attire was then nailed 
to the pillory post. 

The same committee severely denounced a Tory 
pamphlet written by James Eivington, editor of Riving- 



BOSTON ACKNOWLEDGES MONMOUTH CONTRIBUTIONS. 57 

ton's Koyal Gazette, the Tory paper, ])rinte(l in New 
York. 

By the following resolves it will be seen that the 
citizens of Uj^per Freehold favored arming the people if 
necessary, to oppose the tyrannical acts of Great Britain. 
A striking illnstration of the stirring events of that peril- 
ous time is found in the fact that before a year had 
elapsed some of the prominent men in this meeting were 
aiding Great Britain to the best of their ability by voice, 
pen, or sword : 

Upper Freehold Kesolutions. 

" Ma}' 4th 1775. This day, agreeable to previous 
notice a very considerable niimber of the principal in- 
habitants of this township met at Imlaystown. 

" John Lawrence Esq. in the chair : When the fol- 
lowing resolves were unanimously agreed to : 

" Resolved, That it is our first wish to live in unison 
with Great Britain, agreeable to the ])rinciples of the 
Constitution ; that we consider the unnatural civil war 
which we are about to be forced into, with anxiety and 
distress but that we are determined to oppose the novel 
claim of the Parliament of Great Britain to raise a 
revenue in America and risk every pc^siblo consequence 
rather than to submit to it. 

" Eesolved. That it ai)pears to this meeting that 
there are a sufficient number of arms for the people. 

" Resolved. That a sum of money be now raised to 
purchase what further quantity' of Powder and Ball may 
be necessary ; and it is reccom mended that every man 
capable of bearing arms enter into Companies to train, 
and be prepared to march at a minute's warning ; and it 
is further recommended to the people that they do not 
waste their powder in fowling and hunting. 

" A subscription was opened and one hundred and 
sixty pounds instantly paid into the hands of a person 
appointed for that ])urpose. The officers of four com- 
panies were then chosen and the meeting broke u]) in 
perfect unanimity. 

" Elisha Lawrence, Clerk." 



58 HISTOKY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

INDIAN CLAIMS IN MONMOUTH, OCEAN AND 
VICINITY. 



The last lauds in Old Monmouth claimed by the 
Indians were described in certain papers, powers of at- 
torney, &c., presented to a conference between the 
whites and Indians held at Cross wicks, N. J., in Feb- 
ruary, 1758, For several years previous the Indians had 
expressed much dissatisfaction because they had not re- 
ceived pay for several tracts of land, some of them of 
considerable extent in Monmouth and other counties. 
When the ill feeling of the Indians became apparent, the 
Legislature appointed commissioners to examine into the 
causes of dissatisfaction. Several conferences were held 
at Cross wicks, Burlington, Easton, Pa., &c., between the 
commissioners and the representatives of several Indian 
tribes with reference to the lands, and satisfactory set- 
tlements made. 

In the year 1678, a claim was brought b}- the 
Indians against Richard Hartshorne, an early set- 
tler of old Monmouth, who had previously bought of 
them Sandy Hook, and lands around the Highlands. In 
that year, to prevent their trespassing upon his lands, he 
had to pay them to relinquish their claims to hunt, fish, 
fowl, and gather beach plums. The following is a copy 
of the agreement: 

" The 8th of August, 1678. Whereas the Indians pre- 
tend that formerly, when they sold all the land upon Sandy 
Hook, they did not sell, or did except liberty to plums, 
or to say the Indians should have liberty to go on Sandy 
Hook, to get plums when the please, and to hunt upon 
the land, and lisli, and to take dry trees that suited them 
for cannows. Now know all men by these presents, that 
I, Richard Hartshorne, of Portland, in the county of 
Monmouth, in East Jersey, for peace and quietness sake, 
and to the end there may be no cause of trouble with 
the Indians and that I may not for the future have any 
trouble with them as formerly I had, in their dogs kill- 
ing my sheep, and their hunting on my lands, and their 
fishing, I have agreed as followeth : 



INDIAN CLAIMS IN MONMOUTH, OCEAN AND VICINITY. 51) 

"These presents witnessetli, that I, Vowavapon, 
Hendricks, the Indians souu, havin^r all the liberty and 
privileges of phmiiug on Sandy Hook, hunting, fishing, 
fowling, getting cannows <to., by these presents, give 
grant, bargain, sell, unto llidiard Hartshorne, his heirs 
and assigns forever, all the liberty and i)rivilege of plum- 
ing, hshing, fowling, and hunting, and howsoever re- 
served and excepted by the Indians ' for him, the said 
Hichard Hartshorne, his heirs and assigns, to have, hold, 
possess, and enjoy forever, to say that no Indian, or In- 
dians, shall or hath no pretense to lands or timber, or 
liberty, privileges on no pretense whatsoever on any 
part a parcell of land, belonging to the said Richard 
Hartshorne, to say Sandy Hook or land adjoining to it, 
in consideration the said Hartshorne, hath paid unto the 
said Yowavapon, thirteen shillings money ; and I the 
said Vowavapon, do acknowledge to have received thir- 
teen shillings by these presents. Witness my hand and 
seal. 

" YowAVAroN X his mark 
" Tocus X his mark. 

" Signed, sealed and delivered in the presence of 

John Stout." 

Having delivered their claims to the Commission- 
ers, the Indians present executed a power of attorney to 
Tom Store, Moses Totamy, Stephen Calvin, Isaac Still 
and John Pompshire, or the major part of them, to 
transact all future l)usiness with the state government 
respecting lands. 

In 1757 the government had apj)ropriat;Hl Cl,!)!)!) to 
purchase a release of Indian claims; one-half to be laid out 
in purchasing a settlement for the Indians on the south 
side of the Earitan, whereon they might reside; the other 
half to purchase latent claims of back Indians not resi- 
dent in the province. At the conference at Eastou, in 
October, 1758, it was decided to purchase a tract of land 
in Evesham township, Burlington, containing over 3,000 
acres, for the Indians to locate upon. There was there 
a sawmill and cedar swamp and satlsfactorv liuntinrr 



60 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ground. The Indians soon removed to this reservation, 
named Brotherton ; in removing their bniklijigs they were 
assisted by government. A house of worship and several 
dwellings were soon put up. 

In 1765, it is said, there were about sixty persons 
settled there. 

About the last remnant of Indians remaining in our 
state, sold their lands to the Avhites about 1801, and the 
year following removed to New Stockbridge, near Oneida 
Lake, New York, from whence, about 1824, they removed 
to Michigan, where they purchased a tract of land of the 
Menomonie Indians, on both sides of the Fox river near 
Green Bay. 

In 1832, the New Jersey tribe, reduced to less than 
forty souls, dslegatsd ona of their numbsr named Bar- 
tholomew S. Calvin, to visit Trenton and apply to our 
Legislature for remuneration for hunting and fishing- 
privileges on unenclosed lands, which they alleged had 
not been sold with the land. Calvin was an aged man 
who had been educated at Princeton, where he was at 
the breaking out of the Revolution when he joined the 
American army. The claim, so unusual, was met in a 
spirit of kindness by our Legislature, who directed the 
State Treasurer to pay to the agent of the Indians, the 
sum of two thousand dollars, thus satisfactorily and hon- 
orably extinguishing the last claim the Indians brought 
against our state. Hon. Samuel L. Southard, at tlie close 
of a speech made at tlie time, said: "It was a proud fact 
in the history of New Jersey, that every foot of her soil 
had been obtained from the Indians by fair and volun- 
tary purchase and transfer, a fact that no other state of 
the Union, not even the land which bears the name of 
Penn, can boast." 

MEMBERS OF THE NEW JERSEY PROVINCIAL 
ASSEMBLY FROM MONMOUTH COUNTY. 



FROM THEIR FIRST SESSION BEGAN NOVEMBER IOtH, 1703, AT 
PERTH AMBOY, TO THE REVOLUTION. 

In the list of members of the Assembly, or " House 



MEMBERS OF THE NEW JERSEY PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY, fil 

of Representatives of the Province of Nova Cesarea or 
New Jersey," from 1703 to 1709, duriug wliicli time there 
were four sessions, the names of the counties to which 
they severally belonged are not given. The records sim- 
ply mention that they are from East or West Jersey as 
the case may be. Among the meml)ers from East Jersey 
it is probable that the following are from Monmouth 
County: 

1st Assembly, 1703, Obadiah Bowne, Ricliard Hartsborue. 
,) , I , . ry.^ , \ Richard Hartsborne, Jobn Bowue, 

( Richard Salter, Obadiab Bowne. 
o 1 ,1 ■. r-.'.rj \ Jobn Bowne, W illiam Law rence, 

( Lewis Morris. 
•Itb " 1708-9, Gersbom Mott, Elisba Lawrence. 

After this session the names of the counties to Avhich 
the members belonged are given. 

5tb Assembly, 1709, Elisba Lawrence, Gersbam Mott. 

6tb " 1710, Gersbom Mott, Wiliiain_Lawrence, 

7tb, " 1716, William Lawrence, Elisba Lawrence. 

8th, " 1721, William Lawrence, Garret Schenck. 

9tb, " 1727, Jobn Eaton, James Grover. 

lOtb, " 1730, Jobn Eaton, James Grover. 

lltb, " 1738, Jobn Eaton, Cornelius Yandervei'e. 

12tb, " 1740, Jobn Eaton, Cornelius Vandervere. 

13tb, " 1713, John Eaton, Robert Lawrence, 

lltb, " 1744, John Eaton, Robert Lawrence. 

15tb, " 1715, Jobn Eaton, Robert Lawrence. 

Kitb, " 1746, Jobn Eaton, Robert Lawrence. 

17tb, " 1749, Jobn Eaton, Robert Lawrence. 

18th, " 17-51, Rol)ert Lawrence, James Holmes. 

19th, " 17-54, Robert Lawrence, James Holmes. 

20tb, " 1761, James Holmes,* Richard Lawrence. 

21st, " 1769, Robert Hartsborne, Edward Taylor. 

23d " 1772, Edward Taylnr, Ricbard Lawrence. 

Robert Lawrence was speaker of the Assembly in 
1746-7, and again from 1754-1758. 

THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS OF NEW JEHSEY. 

The delegates appointed by the several counties to 
take action in regard to the tyrannical acts of Great 
Britain, assembled at New Brunswick, Jul}' 21st, 1774, 



* James Holmes died and Jnbn Anderson was chosen in bis place. 



62 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

and continued in session three days. Seventy-two dele- 
gates were present. The following had been elected 
from Monmouth county by a meeting held at Freehold 
Court House, July lUth, viz: 

Edward Taylor, John Anderson, John Taylor, 

James Grover, John Lawrence, Dr. Nath'l Scudder, 

John Burrowes, Joseph Holmes, Josiah Holmes, 
Edward Williams. 

Edward Ta^^lor was appointed chairman of the dele- 
gation. The Provincial Congress elected Stephen Crane, 
of Essex, Chairman, and Jonathan D. Sargent, of Som- 
erset, clerk. Resolutions were passed similar in char- 
acter to those adopted by the Monmouth meeting. 

EARLY HISTORY OF OLD MONMOUTH. 



TRAVELING TWO CENTURIES AGO — CROSSING THE STATE IN 
ANCIENT TIMES — PERILOUS TRAVELING — INDIAN HOTELS 
AND HOSPITALITIES, &C. 

It is doubtful if any more ancient accounts of travel- 
ing across New Jersey can be found than the following, 
extracted from the journals of John Burnyeate and 
George Fox, distinguished members of the Society of 
Friends ; in company with them were Robert Withers, 
George Patison and others, some of whom returned by 
the same route a few months afterwards. These noted 
Quaker jJreachers left Maryland in the latter part of Feb- 
ruary, 1672, and arrived at New Castle, Delaware, about 
the first of March. From thence Burnyeate gives the 
following account of their journey across the State to 
Middletown: 

"We staid there (New Castle) that night, and the 
next day we got over the river (Delaware). When we 
got over we could not get an Indian for a guide, and the 
Dutchman we had hired would not go without an Indian, 
so we were forced to stay there that day. The next day 
we rode about to seek an Indian, but could get none to 
go ; but late in the evening there came some from the 
other side of the town, and we hired one, and so began 
our journeying early the next riiorning to travel through 



EARLY HISTOKY OF OLD MONMOUTH. 6? 

the coimtry, Avhicli is now called New Jersey ; au.l we 
travelled we supposed nearly 40 miles. In the eveninjr 
we got to a few Indian wigwams, which are their houses" 
we saw no man, nor woman, house nor dwelling, that 
day, for there dwelt no English in that country then. 

"We lodged that night in an Indian wigwam, and 
lay upon the ground as the Indians themselves did, and 
the next day we travelled through several of their towns, 
and they were kind to us, and helped us over the creeks 
with their canoes ; we made f)ur horses swim at the sides 
of the canoes, and so travelled on. Towards eveniu'r we 
got to an Indian town, and when we had put our horses 
out to grass we went to the Indian King's house, who re- 
ceived us kindly, and showed us very civil respect. But 
alas ! he was so poorly provided, having got so little that 
day, that most of us could neither get to eat or drink in 

his wigwam ; but it was because he had it not so we 

lay as well as he, upon the ground— only a mat under us, 
and a piece of wood or any such thing under our heads. 
Next morning early we took horse and travelled through 
several Indian towns, and that night we lodged in the 
woods ; and the next morning got to an English planta- 
tion, a town called Middletown, in East Jersey, where 
there was a plantation of English and several Friends, 
and we came down Avith a Friend to his house near the 
water-side, and he carried us over in his boat and our 
horses to Long Island." 

It is impossible to read the accounts of travelling at 
this early period without being forcibly reminded of the 
contrast in traveling then and now. Many of the Quaker 
preachers speak of crossing streams in frail Indian ca- 
noes, with their horses swimming by their side ; and one, 
the fearless, zealous John Kichardson, (so noted amono- 
other things for his controversies with "the apostate 
George Keith") in substance recommends, in traveling 
across New Jersey, " for mfetfj, travellers' horses should 
have long tails." The reason for this singular sugges- 
tion was that in crossing streams the frail canoes were 
often capsized, and if the traveller could not swim, he 



64 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

might probably preserve his life by grasping his horse's 
taiL Mr. Eichardson describes how one man's life was 
preserved by this novel life preserver; in this case the 
life-preserver being the long tail of Mr. R.'s own horse; 
and in commenting upon it he quaintly observes " that 
he always aj)proved horses' tails being long in crossing 
rivers." 

Long before Fox and Burnyeate crossed the state, 
the whites, particularly the Dutch, frequently crossed 
(Air state by Indian paths, in going to and fro between 
the settlements on the Delaware and New Amsterdam 
(New York), though they have left but meagre accounts 
of their journeyings, and there are strong probabilities 
that the Dutch from New Amsterdam, after furs and 
searching for minerals, crossed the stats as far as Burl- 
ington Island, Trenton, and points far up the Del- 
aware from forty to fifty years before the trip of these 
Quaker preachers. 

That their journeyings were not alwaj^s safe, is shown 
in the following extract of a letter written by Jacob Al- 
ricks, September 20th, 1669 : 

" The Indians have again killed three or four Dutch- 
men, and no person can go through ; one messenger who 
was eight days out returned without accomplishing his 
purpose." 

The next day he writes : 

I have sent off messenger after messenger to the 
Manhattans overland, but no one can get through, as the 
Indians there have again killed four Dutchmen. 

At the time of writing these letters Alricks resided 
in Delaware, and they were addressed to the Dutch au- 
thorities at New York. 

TBADITIONAEY STOKIES OF THE INDIANS. 



Of the different accounts by ancient writers of the 
manners and customs of the Indians of our part of the 
State and West Jersey, about the clearest and most 
readable is by the celebrated Swedish traveller, Professor 



TRADITIONARY STORIES OF THE INDIANS. ()5 

Kalm, who visited our State iu 174S, ami from whose 
writings the following extracts are taken : 

INDIAN MODE OF FELLING TREES. 

"When the Indians intended to fall a thick, strong 
tree, they could not make use of their clumsy stone 
hatchets, and for want of proper instruments, employed 
fire. They set lire to a great quantity of wood at the 
root of the tree, and made it fall by that means. But 
that the fire might not reach higher than they wouhl 
have it, they fastened some rags on a pole, dipped them 
in water, and kept constantly wetting the tree a little 
above the fire. 

MAKING CANOES — A SERIOUS TASK. 

Whenever the Indians intend to hollow out a thick 
tree for a canoe, they lay dry branches all ahnig the stem 
of the trees as far as it must be hollowed out. Then they 
put fire to these dry branches, and as soon as they are 
burned out, they are replaced by others. While these 
branches are burning, the Indians are very busy with wet 
rao-s and pouring water upon the tree to prevent the fire 
from spreading too far in at the sides and at the ends. 
The tree being burnt hollow as far as they found it 
sufficient, or as far as it could without damaging the 
canoe, they took their stone hatchets, or sharp flints, or 
sharp shells, and scraped oflf the burnt part of the wood, 
and smoothed the boat within. By this means they like- 
wise gave it wdiat shape they pleased ; instead of using a 
hatchet they shaped it by fire. A good sized canoe was 
commonly thirty or forty feet long. 

PREPARING LAND FOR CORN — RUDE FARMING. 

The chief use of their hatchets was to make fields 
for maize plantations ; for if the ground where they in- 
tended to make corn fields was covered with trees, they 
cut off the bark all around the trees with their hatchets, 
especially at a time when they lose their sap. By that 
means, the trees l)ecame dry and could not partake any 
more nourishment, and the leaves could no longer 
obstruct the rays of the sun. The small trees were pulled 



66 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

out by force, and the ground was a little turned up witk 
crooked or sliarp branches. 

MAKING FLOUR — INDIANS ASTONISHED. 

They had stone pestles about a foot long and as thick 
as a man's arm, for pounding maize, which was their 
chief and only corn. They pounded all their corn in 
hollow trees ; some Indians had only wooden pestles. 
They had neither wind mills, water mills, nor hand mills 
to grind it, and did not so much as know a mill before the 
Europeans came to this country. I have spoken with 
old Frenchmen in Canada, who told me the Indians had 
been astonished beyond expression, when the French set 
up the lirst wind mill. They came in numbers even 
from the most distant parts to view this wonder, and 
were not tired with sitting near it for several days to- 
gether, in order to observe it ; they were long of opinion 
that it was not driven by wind, but by spirits wIk^ lived 
within it. They were partly under the same astonish- 
ment when the first water mill was built. 

TOOLS OF THE INDIANS. 

Before the coming of the Europeans, the Indians 
were entirely unacquainted with the use of iron. They 
were obliged to supply the want with sharp stones, 
shells, plaws of birds and wild beasts, pieces of bone and 
other things of that kind, whenever they intended to 
make hatchets, knives and such like instruments. From 
whence it appears they must have led a very wretched 
life. Their hatches were made of stone, in shape similar 
to that of wedges used to cleave wood, about half a foot 
long, and broad in proportion ; they are rather blunter 
than our wedges. As this liatchet must be fixed with a 
handle, there was a notch made all around the thick end. 
To fasten it, they split a stick at one end, and put the 
stone between it, so that the two halves of the stick came 
into the notches of the stone ; then they tied the two 
split ends together with a rope or something like it, 
almost in the same way as smiths fasten the instruments 
with which they cut off iron, to a split stick. Some of 



INDIAN WILL. 57 

these stone liatchebs were not notched or furrowed at the 
upper end, and it seems that they only hehl these in their 
hands to hew or strike with them, and did not make 
handles to them. Some were made of hard rock or 
stone. Fish hooks were made of bones or l)irds' claws. 

INDIAN WILL. 



AN EOCENTKIC ABOltlGINAL OF THE SHOUE. 

In days gone by, the singular eharaeter and eccen- 
tric acts of the noted Indian Will formed the theme of 
many a fireside story among our ancestors, many of 
which are still remembered by older citizens. Some of 
the traditionary incidents given below differ in sonif par- 
ticulars, but we give them as related to us many years 
ago by old residents. Indian Will was evidently quite a 
traveler, and well known from Barnegat almost to the 
Highlands. At F(n-ked Kiver, it is said he often visited 
Samuel Chamberlain on the neck of land between the 
north and middle branches, and was generally followed 
by a pack of lean, hungry dogs which he kept to defend 
himself from his Indian enemies. The followinf tradi- 
tion was published in 1842, by Howe, in Historical Col- 
lections of New Jersey : 

" About the year 1670, the Indians sold out the sec- 
tion of country near Eatontown to Lewis Morris for a 
barrel of cider, and emigrated to Crosswicks and Cran- 
bury. One of them, called Indian AVill, remained, and 
dwelt in a wigwam between Tinton Falls and Swimming- 
River. His tribe were in consequence exasperated, and 
at various times sent messengers to kill him in sin'de 
combat ; biit, being a brave, athletic man, he always 
came off conqueror. One day while i)artaking of a 
breakfast of suppawn and milk with a silver spoon at Mr. 
Eaton's, he casually remarked that he knew where there 
were plenty of such. They promised that if he would 
bring them, they would give him a red coat and cocked 
hat. In a short time he was iirrayed in that dress, and 
it is said the Batons suddenly became wealthy. About 



68 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

80 years since, in pulling down an old mansion in 
Shrewsbury, in wliich a maiden member of this famil}^ 
in her lifetime had resided, a quantity of cob dollars, 
supposed by the superstitious to have been Kidd's money, 
was found concealed in the cellar wall. This coin was 
generally of a square or oblong shape, the corners of 
which wore out the pockets." 

A somewhat similar, or perhaps a variation of the 
same tradition, we have frequently heard from old resi- 
dents of Ocean county, as follows : 

" Indian Will often visited the family of Derrick 
Longstreet at Manasquan, and one time showed them 
some silver money which excited their surprise. They 
Avished to know where he got it and wanted Will to 
let them have it. Will refused to part with it, 
but told them he had found it in a trunk along the 
beach, and there was plenty of yellow monej^ beside ; 
but as the yellow money was not as pretty as the white, 
he did not want it, and Longstreet might have it. 
So Longstreet went with him, and found the money in a 
trunk, covered over with a tarpaulin and buried in the 
sand. Will kept the white money, and Longstreet the 
yellow (gold), and this satisfactory division made the 
Long-streets wealthy. 

It is probable that Will found money along the 
beach ; but whether it had been buried by pirates, or 
was from some shipwrecked vessel, is another question. 
However, the connection of Kidd's name with the money 
would indicate that Will lived long after the year named 
in the first quoted tradition (1670). Kidd did not sail on 
his piratical cruises until 1696, and, from the tradition- 
ary information the writer has been enabled to obtain. 
Will must have lived many years subsequent. The late 
John Tilton, a promient, much-respected citizen of Bar- 
negat, in early years lived at Squan, and he was quite 
confident that aged citizens who related to him stories of 
Will, knew him personally. They described him as 
stout, broad-shouldered, with prominent Indian features, 
and rings in his ears, and a good-sized oae in his nose. 



INDIAN WILL. 69 

The followiuoj are some of the stories rehitsdof him : 
Among other things «'hich Will had done to excite the 
ill-will of other Indians, he was charged Avith having 
killed his wife. Her brother, named Jacob, determined 
on revenge. He pursued him, and, fauding him unarmed 
undertook to march him off captive. As they were going 
along. Will espied a pine knot on the ground, managed 
to pick it up, and suddenly dealth Jacob a fatal blow. 
As he dropped to the ground, Will tauntingly exclaimed, 
" Jacob, look up at the sun — you'll never see it again ! " 
Most of the old residents who related traditions of Will, 
spoke of his finding honey at one time on the dead body 
of an Indian he had killed ; but whether it was Jacob's 
or some other, was not mentioned. 

At one time to make sure of killing Will, four or five 
Indians started in pursuit of him, and they succeeded in 
surj)rising him so suddenly that he had no chance for de- 
fence or fiight. His captors told him they were about to 
kill him, and he must at once prepare to die. He heard 
his doom with Indian stoicism, and he had only one favor 
to ask before he was killed and that was to be allowed to 
take a drink out of his jug of liquor which had just been 
filled. So small a favor the captors could not refuse. 
As Will's jug was full, it was only common politeness to 
ask them to drink also. Now, if his captors had any 
weakness it was for rum, so they gratefully accepted his 
invitation. The drink rendered them talkative, and they 
commenced reasoning with him upon the enormity of his 
ofiences. The condemned man admitted the justness of 
their reproaches and begged to be allowed to take 
another drink to drown the stings of conscience ; the 
captors conssufcad to join him again — indeed it would 
have been cruel to refuse to drink with a man so soon to 
die. This gone through with, they persuaded Will to 
make a full confession of his misdeeds, and their magni- 
tude so aroused the indignation of his captors that they 
had to take another drink to enable them to do their 
duty becomingl}' ; in fact they took divers drinks, so 
overcome were they by his harrowing tale, and then they 



70 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

were so completely unmaimed tliat they liad to try to re- 
cuperate by sleep. Tlieu crafty Will, wlio had really 
drank but little, softly arose, found his hatchet, and soon 
dispatched his would-be captors. 

It was a rule with Will not to waste any ammuni- 
tion, and therefore he was bound to eat whatever game 
he killed, but a buzzard which he onc3 shot, sorely tried 
him, and it took two or three days' starving before he 
could stomach it. One time when he was alone on the 
beach he was seized with a fit of sickness and thought 
he was about to die, and not wishing his body to lie ex- 
posed, he succeeded in digging a shallow grave in the 
sand in which he lay for a while, but the sickness passed 
off and he crept out and went on his way rejoicing. In 
the latter part of his life he would never kill a willet, 
as he said a willet once saved his life. He said he was 
in a canoe one dark stormy night crossing the bay, and 
somewhat the worse for liquor, and unconsciously about 
to drift out of the Inlet into the ocean, when a willet 
screamed and the peculiar cry of this bird seemed to him 
to say " This way. Will ! this way. Will ! " and that way 
Will went, and reached the beach just in time to save 
himself from certain death in the breakers. When after 
wild fowl he would sometimes talk to them in a low tone : 
"Come this way, my nice bird. Will won't hurt you!" 
If he succeeded in killing one he would say : " You fool, 
you believed me, eh ? Ah, Will been so much with white 
men he learned to lie like a white man ! " 

Near the mouth of Squan river is a deisp place 
known as " Will's Hole." There are two versions of the 
origin of the name, but both connecting Indian Will's 
name with it. Esquire Benjamin Pearce, an aged, intel- 
ligent gentleman, residing in the vicinity, informed the 
writer that he understood it was so called because Will 
himself was drowned in it. The other version, related 
by the late well remembered Thomas Cook, of Point 
Pleasant, is as follows : 

Indian Will lived in a cabin in the woods near Cook's 
place ;* one day he brought home a muskrat which he or- 



INDIAN WILL. 71 

dered his wife to cook for diuiier ; slie obeyed, but when 
it was placed upon the table she refused to partake of it. 
"Very well," said he, "if you are too oooj to eat musk- 
rat you are too good to liye M'ith me." And thereupon 
he took her down to the i)lace or hole in the riyer spoken 
of, and droAyued her. Mr. Cook gave another tradition 
as follows : Indian AVill liad three brothers-in-law, two 
of whom resided on Long Island, aifd when, in course of 
time, word reached them that their sister had been 
drowued, they crossed oyer to Jersey to ayeuge her 
death. When they reached Will's cabin, he was inside 
eating clam soup. Knowing their errand, lie inyited 
them to dinner, telling them he would light it out with 
them afterward. They sat down to eat, but before con- 
cluding their dinner Will pretended he heard some one 
coming, and hurried to the door, outside of which the 
visitors had left their guns, one oi which Will caught up 
and fired and killed one Indian and then shot the other 
AS he rushed to close in. In those days the Indians held 
yearly councils about where Burrsyille now is. At one 
of these councils Will met the third brother-indaw, and 
when it was oyer the}' started home together carrying a 
jug of whisksy bstwaeu tham. On the way, inflamed 
with liquor, this Indian told Will he meant to kill him 
for drowning his sister. They closed in a deadly fight, 
and Will killed his antagonist with a pine knot. 

Mr. Cook said, Indian Will finally died in his cabin 
above mentioned. From the traditions related to us 
many years ago by Eli and John (V)llins and John Til- 
ton of Barnegat, Reuben Williams of Forked Elver, and 
others, and from Thomas Cook's statements, it is evident 
Indian AYill must have lived until about a century ago, 
and if he protested against any sale of laud, it must have 
been against the titles ceded about 1758. At the treaties 
then, an Indian called Captain John, claimed the lands 
from Metedeconk to Toms River, but otlicr Indians said 
they were a^io concerned. 



72 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

INDIAN PETEE. 



A TRADITION OF IMLAYSTOWN. 

About a century ago an Indian named Peter, said to 
liave been connected by relationship and in business 
with the noted Indian Tom, after whom some, we think 
erroneously, considered Toms River to be named, re- 
sided at Toms River, but owing to an unfortunate habit 
of mixing too much whisky with his water, he became 
unfortunate, and about the time of the war removed with 
his family to the vicinity of Imlaystown, where he built 
a wigwam by a pond not far from the village. 

Shortly after he located here his wife sickened and 
died. Peter dsarly loved his squaw, and was almost 
heart-broken on account of the unlucky event. He 
could not bear the idea of parting with his wife, of put- 
ting her under ground out of sight. For a day or two 
he was inconsolable and knew not what to do ; at length 
a lucky idea occurred to him ; instead of burying her 
where he never more could see her, he would put a rope 
about her neck and place her in the pond and daily 
visit her. This idea he at once put into execution, and 
as he daily visited her, it somewhat assuaged his 
poignant grief. On one of his melancholy visits to the 
departed partner of his bosom, hs noticad in the water 
around her a large number of eels. To turn these eels 
to account was a matter of importanca to Peter, for 
though he loved his wife, yet he loved money, too. So he 
caught the eels daily, and for a week or so visited the 
village regularly and found a ready sale for them among 
the villagers. 

But at length the supply failed — his novel eel trap 
gave out. A few days thereafter he was in the village 
and numerous were the inquiries why he did not bring 
any more of those good eels. 

"Ah," said Peter very inuo33ntly, drawing a long 
sigh, " m? catch no more eels — me squaw all gone — boo 
— hoo ! " 

His grief and singular reply called for an explana- 
tion, and he, thinking nothing wrong, gave it. 



AN INDIAN DINNER — A SAVORY DISH. 73 

The result was a general casting np of accounts 
among the villagers, terrible anathemas upon the In- 
dian, and a holv horror of eels among that generation of 
Imlavstown citizens, and even to this day it is said some 
of their descendants would as soon eat a snake as an eel. 

(The above tradition Ave have no doubt is substan- 
tially correct; Ave deri^'ed it from Hon. Charles Parker, 
for many 3'ears State Treasurer, father of Gov. Parker, 
who some sixty years ago, while at Toms River, mat with 
som3 of the disgnsted purchasers of Indian Peter's eels.) 

AN INDIAN DINNER-A SAVORY DISH. 



BETHSHEBA, THE INDIAN QUEEN. 
The last remnant of the Indians avIio frequented the 
lower part of old Monmouth, had their principal settle- 
ment at a place called Edgepelick or Edge Pillock, about 
three miles from Atsion in Burlington county, from 
whence they removed to Oneida Lake, NeAV York, 1802. 
Before their removal, members of this tribe with their 
families Avould visit the shore once a vear and spend 
some time fishing, oystering, making baskets, S:c. The 
most noted among the last Indians who regularly visited 
the shore were Charles Moluss, his wife, and wife's sister, 
who bore the euphonious names of Bash and Suke, among 
the ancient residents of old Stafibrd township, but in 
Little Egg Harbor, Burlington county, where they also 
were frequent visitors, Moluss' wife was known as Bath- 
slieba, and considered as a kind of Indian Queen, on ac- 
count of the great respect shown to her by her ]ieople 
and by the Quakers of Burlington, because of her pos- 
sessing more intelligence, and having a more prepossess- 
ing personal appearance than the rest of her tribe. At 
Tuckerton, when her company visited there and jnit up 
their tents, Bathsheba Avas generally invited to make her 
home Avitli some one of the ])riuciinil inhabitants of the 
place. At Barnegat, her company generally canii>ed on 
the place lately owned by Captain Timothy Ealkinburgh, 
Avhere they Avere on friendly teims Avith the Avhites and 
quite disposed to be hos})itabl(\ but Batlishcba. Indiai:! 



74 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Queeu tliougli she may liare been, occasionally pre- 
pared Indian delicacies for the table which the whites 
seldom appreciated. Some thirty years ago Eli Collins, 
a well remembered aged citizen of Barnegat, told the 
writer of this, that when he was a young man, one time 
he had been out from home all day, and on his way back, 
stopped at the hut of Moluss. His wife Bash, or Bath- 
sheba, was boiling something in a pot which sent forth a 
most delightful odor to a hungry man, and he was cor- 
dially invited to dine. As he had been without anything 
to eat all day he willingly accepted the invitation ; but 
he soon changed his determination when he found the 
savory smelling dish was hop had soup. 

CAPTAIN WILLIAM TOM. 



A WEST JERSEY PIONEER- — AFTER- WHOM WAS TOMS RIVER 
NAMED ? — THE COMING OF THE ENGLISH — INDIAN JUSTICE 
— DISCOVERY OF TOMS RIVER. 

In regard to the origin of the name of Toms Eiver, 
we have two distinct traditions ; one alleging that it was 
named after a somewhat noted Indian, who once lived in 
its vicinity; the other attributes it to a certain Captain 
William Tom, who resided on the Delaware two hundred 
years ago, and who it is said penetrated through the 
wilderness to the seashore, on an exploring expedition, 
where he discovered the stream now known as Toms 
Kiver ; upon his return he made such favorable repre- 
sentations of the land in its vicinity, that settlers were 
induced to come here and locate, and these settlers 
named it Toms River, after Mr. Tom, because he first 
brought it to the notice of the whites. 

While the writer of this, after patient investigation, 
acknowledges that he can lind nothing that < ( uriiisively 
settles the question, yet he is strong in the belief that 
the place derives its name from Mr. Tom, for the follow- 
ing reasons: First — Though there was a noted Indian 
residing at Toms Eiver a century ago, known as "Indian 
Tom," yet the ■i)lace is known to have borne the name of 



CAPTAIX WllJJAM TOM. 75 

Toms Kiver wlieu lie was quite a youno- m;in ; it is not 
reasonable to suppose the place was named after him 
Avheu he was scarce out of his teens. Second— The posi- 
tion and business of Captain William Tom, was such as 
to render it extremely probable that the tiadition relat- 
ing to him is correct. Much difhcultv has been found in 
making re'^>earchps :n this matter, as C'a])t. Tcnn was an 
active man among our first settlers before our West Jer- 
sey records begin, and information regarding him has to 
be sought f(u- in the older records of Ncav York and New 
Castle, Delaware. In his day Southern and Western 
Jersey were under control of officials whose headquar- 
ters were at NeAv Castle, Del. ; these officials were ap- 
pointed by tht? authorities at New York. In his time 
Capt. John Carr appears to have been the highest official 
among the settlers on both sides of the Delaware, acting 
as Commissioner, Ac. l-5ut at times it would seem that 
Capt. Tom was more relied upcu in managing public af- 
fairs by both the Goyernors at New Y'ork and the early 
settlers, than any other man among them. In the various 
positions which he held, he appears to have unselfishly 
and untiringly exerted himself for the best interests of 
the settlers and the government. 

He held at different times the positions of Commis- 
sary, Justice, Judge, Town Clerk and Keeper of Official 
Eecords relating to the settlements on both sides of the 
Delaware, Collector of Quit Kents, Ac As collectcn- of 
Quit Eeuts and agent to sell lands, his duties called him 
throughout the Southern half of our State, wherever set- 
tlers were found, and in search of eligible places for 
settlers to locate. We find that Capt. Tom was continu- 
ally traveling to and fro in the perfoimance of his duties, 
was among the first Avhite meu to cross the State to New 
Y'ork, was on good terms with the Indians, with whon) 
he continually must have mingled, and it is not at all 
unlikely in the perfoimance of his duties, he crossed to 
the shore by Indian paths, so numerous and so fre- 
quented by the red men in his time, and thus \ isitcd the 
stream now known as Toms I^iver. 



76 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

As no outline of Capt. Tom's life and services has 
ever been published, we give the substance of the facts 
found relating to him, not only because of its probable 
bearing on the history of Old Monmouth, and that our 
citizens may know who he was, but also because it gives 
an interesting chapter in the history of our State. It will 
be seen that he was a prominent, trusted and influential 
man before the founding of Philadelphia, Salem or Burl- 
ington, or before any considerable settlements existed in 
New Jersey. In looking back to the past, it seems a long- 
while to Indian Tom's day, but Capt. William Tom lived 
nearly a century before him. The following items are 
collected from New York, Pennsylvania and Delaware 
records: 

Capt. William Tom came to this country with the 
English expedition under Sir Ptobert Carre and Col. 
Richard Nicholls which conquered the Dutch at New 
Amsterdam, (New York) August, 1664. Immediately 
after the English had taken formal possession of New 
Y^ork, two vessels, the "Guinea" and the "William and 
Nicholas," under command of Sir Robert Carre were 
despatched to attaek the Dutch settlements on the 
Delaware river. After a feeble resistance the Dutch sur- 
rendered about the first of October of the same year, 
(1664). Capt. Tom accompanied this expedition, and 
that he rendered valuable servica there is evidenced by 
an order issued by Gov. Nicholls, June 30, 1665, which 
states that for William Tom's " good services at Dela- 
ware," there shall be granted to him the lands of Peter 
Alricks, confiscated for hostility to the English. Capt. 
Tom remained in his majesty's service until August 27, 
1668 ; during the last two years of this time he was Com- 
missary on the Delaware. He was discharged from his 
majesty's service on the ground as is alleged " of good 
behaviour." 

In 1673 Capt. Tom was appointed one of four ap- 
praisers to set a value on Tinicum Island in the Dela- 
ware. In 1674 he was appointed secretary or dar'a for 
the town of New Castle, and he appears to have had 



CArXAIN WIIJJAM TOM. 77 

cliarge^of the public records for several years. In 1()73 
the Dutcli regained their power in New York, New Jer- 
sey and Delaware, but retained it only a few mouths ; 
after they were again disi)laced in 1(574:, Gen-. Andross 
appointed Captains Gantwell and Tom to take possession 
for the King's use, of the fort at New Castle, with the 
public stores. They were authorized to provide for the 
settlement and rejiose of the inhabitants at New Castle, 
Whorekills (Lewes) and other places." 

In 1675 some settlers complained against Capt. Tom 
for molesting them in the enjoyment of meadow lauds 
which adjoined their plantations. The settlers probably 
supposed because they owned uplands, they should 
also have the same use of meadow laud without paying 
for the same. The Governor ordered a compromise. In 
1676 he was appointed one of the Justices of the Peace 
and a Judge of the court. He sat as one of the Judges 
in an important suit in which the defendant was John 
Fenwick, the 8aleni Proprietor. Judgmsut was given 
against Fenwick, and a Avarrant issued to take him dead 
or alive. Fenwick finding it usele.^s to resist, gave him- 
self up, and was sent })risoner to New York. 

Capt. Tom was reappointed justice and judge in 1677. 
Towards the latter part of this year complaint was made 
that the town records of New Castle were in confusion, 
and Mr. Tom was ordered to arrange and attest them. 
It is not improbable that ill health prevented him from 
completing this task, as we find his death announced Jan- 
uar}^ 12, 1678, coupled with the simple remark that, "his 
papers were in confusion." 

From the foregoing and other facts that are ])re- 
served, it would appear that William Tom was about the 
most prominent, useful and trustworthy man among the 
settlers from the time of the coming of the English to his 
decease, that ho enjoyed the confidence of Governors 
Nicholls, Lovelace and Andross, that his varied duties 
ivere performed with general satisfaction to settlers, In- 
dians and officials, and we may safely infer that he did 
as much or more than anv man in his dav "towards the 



78 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH ANT> OCEAN COUNTIES. 

settlement aud re^jose of tlie iuliabitauts " on both sides 
of tlie Delaware. It is no discredit to the name of Toms 
River that it should be derived from such a man. 

In speaking of Capt. Tom's discovering Toms River, 
we do not refer to its original discovery, nor wish to con- 
vey the idea tliat he was the first white man who visited 
it. The stream was discovered by navigators fifty years 
before Capt. Tom came to America. They simply marked 
the stream on their charts without naming it. The fact 
that this river had been previously visited by the Dutch, 
was probably not known to Capt. Tom and the English 
in this da}'. 

PRIVATEERING. 



CAPTAIN STOREK, 

The following is from an ancient paper published in 
1782, just previous to the close of the war. 

" We learn that the brave Captain Storer, commis- 
sioned as a private boat-of-war under the State, and who 
promises to be the genuine successor of the late Captain 
Hyler, has given a recent instance of his valor and con- 
duct in capturing one of the enemy's vessels. He went 
in two boats through the British fleet in the Narrows 
and boarded a vessel under the flag staff battery. He 
captured the vessel without alarm. She was a sloop in 
the Engineers' department of H. B. M. service, and was 
carried away safely." 

CAPTAIN WILLIAM MARRINEP. 

Captain Marriner lived in New Brunswick during 
the war. Erom notice of him in ancient papers, we find 
he was another brave enterprising partisan, as the fol- 
lowing extracts will show. The first is from a letter 
dated June 17th, 1778. 

" William Marriner, a volunteer, with eleven men and 
Lieutenant John Schenck, of our militia, went last Sat- 
urday evening from Middletown Point to Long Island, 
in order to take a few prisoners from FlatV)usli, and re- 
turned with Major Moncrieff and Mr. Theophilus Baclio 
(the Avorshipful Mayor and Tormentor-General, David 



ntlVATEElilXO. 7^ 

Matthews, Esq., who has iiitlicteil ou our prisoners the 
most unheard of cruelties, and who was the j)riucipal 
object of the expedition, being unfortunately in the city,) 
Avith four slaves, and brought them to Princeton, to be 
delivered to his excellency the Governor. Mr. Marriner 
with his party left Middletown Point on Saturday even- 
ing, and returnsd at six o'clock next morning, havin^r 
traveled by land and water above fifty miles, and be- 
haved with greatest prudence and braverv." 

The following is from an official naval work in the 
Library of Congress : 

" The privateer Blacksnake was captured b}^ the 
British, but in April, 1780, Captain William Marriner, 
with nine men in a whale boat, retook her. Captain 
Marriner then put to sea in his prize, and captured the 
Morning Star, of 6 swivels and 33 men, after a sliarp re- 
sistance, in which she lost three killed and five wounded • 
he carried both prizes into Egg Harbor." 

After the war Captain Marriner removed to Harlem, 
where he lived many years. 

The Daniel Matthews above s^^oken of was the Tory 
Mayor of New York, during the Revolution, and noted 
for his enmity to all favoring the Americans. 

CAPTAIN JACKSON. 

" December 18th, 1782.— Capt. Jackson of the Grey- 
hound, in the evening of Sunday, last week, with much 
address, captured within the Hook, the schooner Dol- 
phin and sloop Diamond,, bound from New York to Hali- 
fax, and brought them into Egg Harbor. These vessels 
were both condemned to the claimants, and the sales 
amounted to X10,200. 

SUCCESSFUL EXPLOIT. 

In the following item from the P<(cl'et Jan. 1779, no 
names are mentioned. 

" Some Jerseymen went in row boats to Sandy 
Hook and took four sloops, one of which was armed. 
They burned three and took one ; also nineteen prisoners. 

The share of prize money per man, was £100." 



80 HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

PEIVATEERING ON OUR COAST— TOMS RIVER 
DURING THE REVOLUTION. 



PRIZES TAKEN — AMERICANS CAPTURED — AN ENEMY SEARCHING 
FOR WATER LOSES HIS RUM OLD CRANBERRY INLET, <V:C. 

Toms River appears to have been occupied by the 
Americans as a military post during the greater part of 
tlie Revolution. The soldiers stationed here were 'gen- 
erally twelve mouths men, commanded by difierent offi- 
cers, among whom may be mentioned, Captains Bigelow, 
Ephraim Jenkins, James Mott, John Stout and Joshua 
Huddy. Captain Mott had command of a company 
called the " Sixth Company " of Dover, and Captain 
Stout of the Seventh Company. The Fifth Company was 
from Stafford, and commanded by Capt. Reuben F. Ran- 
dolph. These comj^anies all belonged to the militia or- 
ganization of old Monmouth. 

The duties of the militia stationed at Toms River, 
appear to have been to guard the inhabitants against de- 
predations from the refugees ; to check contraband trade 
by way of old Cranberry Inlet to New York, and to aid 
our privateers who brought prizes into the Inlet, which 
was a favorite resort for New Jersey, New England and 
other American privateers. 

By the following extracts, it will ba seen that old 
Dover township was the scene of many stirring incidents 
during the war. 

About the 1st of April, 1778, the government salt 
works near Toms River, were destroyed by a detachment 
of British under Captain Robertson. One building they 
alleged belonged to Congress and cost ^6,000. The salt 
works on our coast at Manasquan,. Shark River, Toms 
River, Barnegat and other places, were so important to 
the Americans during the war that we propose to notice 
them in a separate article. 

May 2 2d, 1778, it is announced that a British vessel 
with a cargo of fresh beef and pork, was taken by Cap- 
tain Anderson and sixteen men in an armed boat, and 
brought into Toms River. 



PRIVATEERING DURINCI THE REVOLUTION. 81 

lu the early part of August following, the British 
ship " Love and Unity," with a valuable cargo was 
brought into the Inlet ; the cargo was saved but the ship 
was subsequently retaken by a large British force ; the 
particulars of the capture and recapture are as follows 
from ancient letters : 

"August 12th, 1778. We learn that on Thur.sday 
night, the British ship "Love and Unity" from Bristol, 
with 80 hlids of loaf sugar, several thousand bottles Lon- 
don porter, and a large quantity of Bristol beer and ale, 
besides many other valuable articles, was designedly run 
ashore near Toms River. Since which, by the assistance 
of some of our. militia, she has been brought into a safe 
port and her cargo properly taken care of." 

The cargo of this ship was advertised to be sold at 
Manasquan, on the 26th of August, by John Stokes, U. 
S. Marshal. , The articles enumerated in the advertise- 
ment show that the cargo mast have been a very valu- 
able one. The Americans were not quite so luck}^ Avith 
the ship as with tha cargo, as will be seen by the follow- 
ing extract : 

"Friday, September 18th, 1778. Two British armed 
ships and two brigs, came close to the bar off Toms River 
(Cranbury) Inlet, where they lay all night. Next morn- 
ing between seven and eight o'clock, they sent seven 
armed boats into the Inlet, and re-took the ship Wash- 
ington formerly "Love and Unity" which had been 
taken by the Americans; they also took two sloops near 
the bar and captured most of the crews. 

The captain of the ship and most" of his officers es- 
caped to the main land in one of the ship's boats. After 
they got ashore a nian named Robert McMullen, who 
had been condemned to death at Freehold but afterwards 
pardoned, jumped into the boat, hurrahing for the Brit- 
ish, and rowed off and joined them. Another refugee 
named William Dillon, who had also been sentenced to 
death at Freehold and pardoned, joined this party of 
British as pilot." 

B}^ the following extract it will be seen that the ren- 



82 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

egades MoMullen aud Dillon, had baeu out of jail but a 
very few weeks, when thsj aided the British in this ex- 
peditit^u : 

"July 22d, 1778. We learn that at the Court of 
Oyer aud Terminer, held at Monmouth in June last, the 
following parties were tried and found guilty of burglary, 
viz: Thomas Emmons alias Burke, John Wood, Michael 
Millery, William Dillon and Robert McMullen. The two 
former were executed on Friday last, aud the other three 
reprieved." 

McMullen probably had some connection with the 
expedition, perhaps to spy out the whereabouts of the 
captured cargo, as he would not have been in that vicinity 
unless assured that a British force was at hand. 

One tradition states that when he jumped into the 
boat he was flying for his life — " that he was pursued by 
the Americans and escaped by swimming his horse across 
the river near its mouth to a point which he called Good- 
luck Point to commemorate his escape." 

Goodluck Point near the mouth of Toms River, un- 
doubtedly received its name from some j^erson fljang for 
his life in the above manner, and it is possible that it 
might have been McMullen. 

"On the 9th of Daoember, 1778, it is announced that 
a British armed vessel, bound from Halifax to New York, 
and richly laden, came ashore near Barnegat. The crew 
about sixty in number, surrendered themselves prison- 
ers to our militia. Goods to the amount of five thous- 
and pounds sterling were taken out of her by our citizens, 
and a number of prisoners sent to Bordentow^n, at which 
place the balance of prisoners were exj)ected. About 
March, 1779, the sloop Success, came ashore in a snow 
storm, at Barnegat. She had been taken by the British 
brig Diligence, and was on her way to New York. She 
had a valuable cargo of rum, molasses, coffee, cocoa, &c., 
on board. The prize master and three hands were made 
prisoners aud sent to Princeton. In the case of this ves- 
sel and the one previously mentioned, it is probable the 
Toms River militia aided, as the name of Barnegat waa 



rrJYATEERIXG DURING THE ItKVOLUTIOX. 83 

frequently applied to the shore north of the iulet, both 
on the beach and on the main land. 

Feb. 8th, 177i>, the sloop Fancy and schooner Hope, 
with cargoes of pitch, tar and salt are advertised for sale 
at Toms River by the J. S. Marshal. They were probably 
prizes. The Major Van Emburg mentioned in the fol- 
lowing, belonged to the 2d Eeg. Middlesex militia ; he 
was taken May 14, 1780. ? 

On the 5th of June, 1780, an ancient paper says : 
" On Sunday morning, Major Yan Emburg and eight or 
nine men from West Jersey, on a fishing party, M'ere sur- 
prised in bed at Toms River by the Refugees, and put 
on board a vessel to be sent prisoners to New York, but 
before the vessel sailed they fortunately managed to 
escape." 

Toms River then did not seem quite as desirable a 
place for pleasure resort as it is in the present day. 
History does not tell us whether the Major was success- 
ful in catching fish : all we know is that he got caught 
himself. 

About the middle of December, 1780, a British brig 
in the West India trade, was captured and brought into 
Toms River. This brig was short of water and provis- 
ions and mistaking the land for Long Island, sent a boat 
and four men ashore to obtain supplies. The militia 
hearing of it manned two boats and Avent out and took 
her. She had on board 150 hhds of rum and spirits, 
which our ancestors j^rouounced " excellent," by which 
we conclude they must have considered themselves com- 
petent judges of the article ! With the British, rum 
must have been a necessity, as in every prize taken from 
them rum was an important j)art of the cargo. 

The British brig Molly, was driven ashore in a snow 
storm near Barnegat ; her prize crew were taken pris- 
oners by the militia and sent to Philadelphia. 

In December, 1780, Lieut. Joshua Studsou of Toms 
River, was shot by the refugee Bacon, inside of Cran- 
berry inlet. The particulars of this affair are given in a 



84 HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

notice of Bacon's career, and therefore it is unnecessary 
to repeat tliem. 

Marcli 19, 1782. The privateer Dart, Capt. Wm. 
Gray, of Salem Mass., arrived at Toms Eiver with a prize 
sloop, taken from the British galley, Black Jack. The 
next day he went with his boat and seven men in pur- 
suit of a British brig near the bar. Unfortunately for 
Capt. Gray, instead of taking a prize he was taken him- 
self. For a long time after, the Toms River people 
wondered what had become of him. In August follow- 
ing they heard from him. After getting outside the bar 
he was taken prisoner, and carried to Halifax, and sub- 
sequently released on parole. He stated he was well 
treated while a prisoner. 

A few days after Capt. Gray was taken, the British 
attacked and burned Toms River. This was the last 
afiair of any importance occurring in the immediate 
vicinity of Toms River during the war. But south of 
Toms River, several noted affairs afterwards occurred. 
Davenport burned the salt works at Forked River, and 
was himself killed in June ; in October, Bacon attacked 
and killed several men on the beach south of Barnegat 
lighthouse ; in December, occurred the skirmish at Cedar 
Creek, where young Cooke was killed ; (m the 3d of April 
following, (1783,) Bacon was killed near West Creek. 

A RHODE ISLAND PRIZE. 

The original and following certificate is in posses- 
sion of Ephraim P. Empson, Escp, of Collier's Mills : 

Providence, Feb. 21, 1777. 
This may certify that Messrs. Clark and Nightin- 
gale and Captain William Rhodes have purchased here 
at vendue, the schooner Popes Head, which was taken 
by the privateers Sally and Joseph (under our command) 
and carried into Cranberry Inlet, in the Jersies, and 
there delivered to the care of Mr. James Randolph by 
our prize masters. 

James Maro. 

John Fish. 



PRIVATEERING DURING THE REVOLUTION. 8o 

MISCELKrVNEOUS ITEMS. 

During tlie war there were interesting events occurr- 
ing at Toms River, outside of military and naval matters. 

In January, 1778, tlie sloop, Two Friends, Capt. 
Alex. Bonnett of Hispaniola, was cast away near Barne- 
gat, with 1,600 bags of salt, 49 hhds. molasses, also a lot 
of rum, sugar, S:c. Only ICO galls, rum saved. The 
shore people went to their assistance, but one man was 
lost. The Capt. of the Two Friends, Alex. Bonnet, then 
shipped as a passenger in the sloop Endeavor of Toms 
River, for New York, but sad to relate, while she lay at 
anchor in the inlet, a storm at night parted the cable 
and all on board were drowned in the bay. 

In December, 1778, Capt Alexander of the sloop Eliz- 
abeth of Baltimore, was taken by the British, but he was 
permitted to leave in his small boat, and landed iu Toms 
River inlet. 

It was during the war, in the year 1777, that Rev. 
Benjamin Abbott, expounded the then new principles of 
Methodism, to the people of Toms River, first at the 
house of Esquire Abiel Aikens, and then at another place 
Avhen " a Frenchman fell to the floor, and never rose until 
the Lord converted his soul. Here (at Toms River), we 
had a happy time," so says Abbott in his jouruaL 

During the war there was of course no communica- 
tion with New York, but the people of Toms River had 
considerable overland intercourse with West Jersey, 
Philadelphia and Freehold. 

OLD MONMOUTH DURING THE REVOLUTION. 



Historians generally concede that no state among 
the old thirteen suffered during the war more than did 
New Jersey ; and it is generally admitted that no county 
in our state suffered more than did old Monmouth. In 
addition to the outrages to which the citizens were sub- 
jected from the British army, they were continually har- 
rassed by depredations committed by regularly organized 
bands of Refugees, and also by the still more lawless 



86 HISTOKY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

acts of a set of outcasts known as the Piue Woods Rob- 
bers, who, though pretending to be Tories, yet if oppor- 
tunity offered, robbed Tories as well as Whigs. 

The Refugees, or Loyalists as they called themaelves^ 
were generally native born Americans Avho sided with 
the British regularly organized, with officers commis- 
sioned by the Board of Associated Loyalists at New 
York, of which body the President was William Franklin^ 
the last Tory governor of New Jersey, an illegitimate sou 
of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. The Refugees had a strongly 
fortified settlement at Sandy Hook, the lighthoiise there 
defended with cannon and British vessels of war always 
lying in the vicinity. From this settlement or " Refugees' 
town," as it was sometimes called, these marauders would 
sally forth to plunder and murder in the adjoining county. 
To show the perils by which the citizens of old Mon- 
mouth were surrounded and the outrages to which they 
were subjected, w^e append some extracts chiefly from 
ancient papers, which though plain and unvarnished, yet 
will give a vivid idea of life and times in this county in 
the dark days of the Revolution. 

REFUGEE RAIDS IN OLD MONMOUTH — PROMINENT PATEIOTS 
ROBBED, CAPTURED AND MURDERED. 

"June 3d, 1778. We are informed that on Wednes- 
day morning last, a party of about seventy of the Greens 
from Sandy Hook, landed near Major Kearney's (near 
Key port,) headed for Mill Creek, Middletown Point, and 
marched to Mr. John Burrows, made him prisoner, burnt 
his mills and both his storehouses — all valuable build- 
ings, besides a great deal of his furniture. They also 
took prisoners Lieutenant Colonel Smock, Captain 
Christopher Little, Mr. Joseph Wall, Captain Joseph 
Covenhoven (Conover) and several other persons, and 
killed Messrs. Pearce and Van Brockle and wounded an- 
other man mortally. Having completed this and several 
other barbarities they precipitately returned the same 
morning to give an account of their abominable deeds to 
their bloody employers. A number of these gentry, we 
learn, were formerly inhabitants of that neighborhood." 



OLD MONMOUTH DURINC. THE REVOLUTION. 87 

The "Gre3us" above meutioued, it is said, were 
Refugee or Loyalist Jerseymeu who joined the British. 
Their organization was sometimes called " the New Jer- 
sey Royal Volunteers," under oomniund of (leueral Cort- 
landt Skinner. 

"April 26th, 1779. An expeditit)n consisting of seven 
or eight hundred men under Col. Hyde went to Middle- 
town, Red Bank, Tinton Falls, Shrewsbury and other 
places, robbing and burning as they went. They took 
Justice Covenhoven and others prisoners. Captain Bur- 
rows and Colonel Holmes assembled our militia and 
killed three and wounded fifteen of the enemy. The 
enemy however succeeded in carrying off horses, cattle 
and other plunder." 

In the above extract the name of Justice "Coven- 
hoven" is mentioned. The names of different members 
of the Covenhoven family are frequently met with in 
ancient papers and records among those who favored 
the patriot cause. Since that time the name has gradu- 
ally changed from Covenhoven to Conover. 

In May, two or three weeks after the above affair, 
some two or three hundred Tories landed at Middle town, 
on what was then termed a "picaro(ming" expedition. 
The term "picaroon" originally meaning a plunderer or 
pirate, seems to have been used in that day to convey 
about the same idea that "raider" did in the late Re- 
bellion. 

"June 9th, 1779. A party of about fifty Refugees 
landed in Monmouth and marched to Tinton Falls undis- 
covered, where they surprised and carried off' Colonel 
Heudrickson, Colonel Wyckoff", Captain Chadwick and 
Captain McKnight, with several privates of the militia, 
and drove off' sheep and horned cattle. About thirty of 
our militia hastily collected, made some resistance but 
were repulsed with the loss of two men killed and ten 
wounded, the enemy's loss unknown. 

April 1st, 17S0. About this time, the Tories made 
another raid to Tinton Falls, and took oft' seven ])ristni- 
ers. Another party took Mr. r>owue ]u-isoner at Middh^- 



00 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

town, wlio, but tliree days before had been exchanged, 
and had just got home. 

About the last of April, the Refugees attacked the 
house of John Holmes, Upper Freehold, and robbed him 
of a large amount of continental money, a silver watch, 
gold ring, silver buckles, pistols, clothing, &c. 

June 1st, 1780. The noted Colonel Tye, (a mulatto 
formerly a slave in Monmouth Co.) with his motley com- 
pany of about twenty blacks and whites, carried off 
prisoners Capt. Barney Smock, and Gilbert Van Mater, 
spiked an iron cannon and took four horses. Their ren- 
dezvous was at Sandy Hook. 

Shortly after this, Colojiel Tye aided in the attack on 
Cajit. Joshua Huddy, at his house at Colts Neck. Col- 
onel Tye, (or Titus, formerly a slave belonging to John 
Corlies,) though guilty of having a skin darker than our 
own, yet was generally acknowledged to be about the 
most honorable, brave, generous and determined of the 
Refugee leaders. Like our forefathers, he fought for his 
liberty, which our ancestors unfortunately refused to 
give him. 

October 15, 1781. A party of Refugees from Sandy 
Hook landed at night, at Shrewsbury, and marched un- 
discovered to Colt's Neck, and took six prisoners. The 
alarm' reached the Court House about four or five o'clock 
P. M., and a number of inhabitants, among whom was 
Dr. Nathaniel Scudder, went in pursuit. They rode to 
Black Point to trj^ to recapture the six Americans, and 
while firing from the bank, Dr. Scudder was killed. Dr. 
Scudder was one of the most })rom:uent, active and use- 
ful patriots of Monmouth, and his death was a serious 
loss to the Americans. 

About the beginning of August, 1782, Richard Wil- 
gus, an American, was shot below AUentown, while on 
guard to })revent contraband trade with the British. 

February 8th, 1782. About forty refugees under 
Lieut. Steelman, came via Sandy Hook to Pleasant Val- 
ley. They took twenty horses and five sleighs, which 
they loaded with plunder ; they also took several pris- 



OLD MONMOUTH DURING THE REVOLUTION. 89 

oners, viz : Heudrick Hendriekson and his two sons, 
Peter Coveulioven, or Couover as the name is now called, 
was made prisoner once before in 177'.), as before related, 
Garret Hendriekson, Samuel l^owne and son, and James 
Denise. At Garret Heudrickson's a yoimg man named 
J "William Thompson, got up slyly and went off and in- 
formed Capt. John Schenck, of Cok Holmes' regiment, 
who collected all the men he could to pursue. They 
overtook and attacked the refugees, and the before men- 
tioned William Thompson was killed and Mr. Cottrel 
wounded. They however took twelve refugees pris- 
oners, three of whom w^ere wounded. But in return- 
ing, they unexpectedly fell in with a party of sixteen 
men under Stevenson, and a sudden firing caused eight 
of the prisoners to escape. But Capt. Schenck ordered 
his men to charge bayonet, and the tories surrendered. 
Capt. Schenck took nineteen horses and five sleighs, and 
took twenty-one prisoners. 

The first of the foregoing extracts, relating to a raid 
of the British in Middletowu township, in 1778, and land- 
ing near Major Kearney's, in the vicinity of Keyport, is 
probably the affair referred to in a tradition given in 
Howe's collections, which we give below, as it explains 
why the Refugees fled so precipitately. It will be 
noticed, however, that the tradition does not agree with 
extract quoted as to damage done ; but we have no doubt 
but that the statement copied from the ancient paper 
(Collins' Gazette! is correct, as it was written but a few 
days after the affair took place. 

" The proximity of this part of Monmouth county to 
New York rendered it, in the war of the Revolution, 
peculiarly liable to the incursions of the British troops. 
Many of the inhabitants, although secretly favorable to 
the American cause, were obUged to feign allegiance to 
the crown, or lose their property by marauding parties 
of the refugees, from vessels generally lying off Sandy 
Hook. Among those of this description was Major 
Kearney, a resident near the present site of Keyport. On 
one occasion a party of thirty or forty refugees stopped 



90 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

at his dwelliug on tlieir way to Middletown Point, wliere 
tliey intended to burn a dAvelling and some mills. Kear- 
ney feigned gratification at their visit, and falsely in- 
formed them there were probably some rebel troops at 
the Point, in which case it would be dangerous for them 
to march thither. He ordered his negro servant, Jube, 
thither to make inquiry, at the same time secretly giving 
him the cue how to act. In due length of time Jube, 
who had gone but a short distance, returned and hastily 
entered the room where Kearney and the Refugees were, 
and exclaimed : " Oh Massa ! Massa ! the rebels are at 
the Point thick as blackberries ! They have just come 
down from the Court House and say they are going to 
march down here to-night. The ruse succeeded ; the 
Refugees, alarmed, precipitately retreated to their boats, 
leaving the Major to rejoice at the stratagem which had 
saved the property of his friends from destruction." 

The probability is that the ruse prevented the Refu- 
gees from doing as much damage as they had intended, 
although they remained long enough to inflict considera- 
ble injury, as has been related. 

FREEHOLD IN THE REVOLUTION. 



A few days previous to the battle of Moumoutli, the 
prisoners in Freehold jail, six of whom were under sen- 
tence of death, were removed to the jail at Morristown, 
under charge of Nicholas Van Brunt, who was at the 
time Sheriff of Moumoutli County. The following is an 
extract from the minutes of the State Council of Safety, 
under date of September 28, 1778 : 

"Agreed that there bs paid to Mr. Schenck for the 
use of Nicholas Van Brunt, Sheriff of Monmouth, for his 
expenses in removing the prisoners from the gaol in 
Monmouth Co. to that of Morris, at the time of the 
enemy's march through Monmouth c^ in fetching back to 
Monmouth those who were there to be executed, as per 
his account, the sum of ,£48 Gs." 

It will be remembered that the corpse of Captain 
Joshua Huddv, after his murder, was brought to the 



FREEHOLD IN THK IIKVOLUTION. 



01 



liouse of Captain James Greeu, at Freehold. Captain 
Green's house seems to have been the principal place, 
for a time, in Freehold, for maetinos to transact public 
business. A number of trials were held there, notably 
Courts of Admiralty to try claims for prizes captured 
by the Americans. Esquire Abiel Aiken, of Toms Eiver, 
had one here the week before Huddy was taken, to try 
the claims for the prize " Lucy," of which William Dil- 
lon had been master. Dillon was one of the eight men in 
Freehold jail under sentence of death, to whom Key. 
Abel Morgan preached in June, 1778, but he somehow 
escaped death. The next Aveek after Esquire Aiken had 
the examination at Captain Green's house, at Freehold, 
for claims against Dillon's yessel. Dillon piloted tlie 
British expedition into Toms River, which destroyed the 
block liouse, captured Huddy and others, ;iiul burned 
the yillage and Es(|uire Aiken's house among the rest. 

Captain James Green may haye been a seafaring 
man previous to the war. At a Court of Admiralty he 
at one time had claim on the Beft;/, a captured prize. 

It will be remembered that one of Captain Huddy's 
daughters married a Green and the other a Piatt. This 
last was a Middlesex County name. John Piatt was 
sheriff of Middlesex in 1779 and thereabouts. John Van 
Kirk was sheriff before him, and John Conway followed 
him. 

In Monmouth, during the war, Nicholas YanBrunt 
was sheriff", then David Forman, and the last year of the 
war John Burrows, Jr. 

In 1780, sales were advertised to take place at the 
house of Daniel liandolph. Freehold. A very prominent 
man at Toms Ilivei- in the early i)art of the war was 
James Piandoli)h, extensively engaged in saw mills and 
other business. He died about 1781, and Daniel Ran- 
dolph's appearance, then, at Toms River, suggests that 
lie might have gone there to manage the estate. An ex- 
ecutfU' named Benjamin Rand()li)h then lived in Chest- 
nut street, Philadel])hia. 

James AVall is named as an innkeei)er, at Freehold, 



92 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

in 1778, and William Snyder, innkeeper, is named 1779. 
Tlie only paj)er published in New Jersey tlien was 
the New Jersey Gazette, of which Isaac Collins was pub- 
lisher. There were no post offices then in Monmouth. 
The nearest one was at Trenton, of which B. Smith was 
Post-Master. The New Jersey Gazette had many sub- 
scribers in Monmouth, to whom papers were delivered 
by post riders who undertook such business on their own 
account. 

UPPER FEEEHOLD. 



GETTING READY TO TAR AND FEATHER THE KING's LAWYER — 
MONEY PANIC AMONG " THE MONMOUTH PEOPLE," 1769. 

By the courtesy of C. D. Deshler, Esq., of the New 
Brunswick Historical Club, the Editor of the Monmouth 
Democrat, Mr. James S. Yard, was given permission to 
publish the following interesting paper communicated by 
Mr. Deshler to the Club, from which jjaper it is copied : 

Bernardus Legrauge, an attorney living at New 
Brunswick in 1769, was complained of to the Assembly 
for having taken exorbitant fees. For this lie was repri- 
manded by the Council, but this punishment was miti- 
gated by their publishing, subsequently, letters from 
Chief Justice Smith, and Second Justice Read, which 
stated that his charges were only such as were custom- 
arily made. 

Shortly after, a singular letter was addressed to Le- 
grauge. It was anonymous, and Avas thought to be of 
sufficient importance to be inserted in the Minutes of the 
Assembly. It was as follows : 
To BernardiiH Le(jraiuje, Et^q., Attoj-neij at Lain In -Xeio 

JyrioiswicJi : 

Friend Legrange — As I am a lover of peace and 
concord, there is nothing gives me greater pleasure than 
beholding the same having a sul)sisteiice among man- 
kind. And on the other hand there is nothing can give 
me so much pain as to see any of the human species be- 
come a Nuisance to the commonalty of mankind. 
Whether tliey become such thro' an act of inadvertence 



UrrER FREEHOLD. 93 

or from a selfish ambition. As for the 1st I heartily be- 
moan and bewail them (as it may flow from some natural 
passion ) and I think so ouoht all considerate men rather 
than ridicule 'em ; for my own part I am always led to 
pity & lament the condition of that man I see act aptainst 
his own i)eace & well-being here. And if it is Ambition, 
that has made him such to his fellow creatures, Oh ! 
Wretch indeed ! that Satan shou'd lift up his mind, that 
he shou'd become the cause of his own ruin, and the de- 
rision and hissing of the general part of his acquaint- 
ance. "What has begotten you the hatred tV: ayersion of 
the public in these parts are best known to thyself, ct 
whether deseryedly or undeseryedly I shall not deter- 
mine ; but one thing I can assure you, that thou hast 
accrued it to the highest degree. And, if thou comest 
this way, may God Almighty liaye Mercy on thee, for I 
am conyinced the people liaye none, if the Lord does not 
turn their hearts from their present resolutions. 

I will let thee know what I heard the other day 
among a parcel of people, haying met accidentally witli 
'em at the Mill at English town concerning 3'ou and some 
more of your brethren ; thee especially they'seemed to 
haye the greatest grudge against : One of them said, 
He wished that fellow Legrange would come to Court 
this mcmth, he should not escape from out of a back 
windovr as he did before ; another of the company makes 
answer Damn him, I hear he is to c»me and act as King's 
Attorney ; but that shall not screen the rascal, says he ; 
Aye, says he, the lawyers has done that a purpose, that 
we might not disturb the yillain ; but if we catch him, 
we Ayill Legrange him ! 

I hearing the people expressing themselves in this 
manner I began to examine them what j-ou had done unto 
them that enraged them so against you. AVhy, says one, 
he will bring down our heads S: humble us. They say 
you egged up their Creditors to put their bonds in suit 
saying Monmouth people are all like to fail, and much 
more of the like nature. And, I inquired, if they cou'd 
proye their assertions against you, they say, yes the}' can, 
l)y some of their creditors; and will if you carr}' some 
action ; but I could not learn against whom, or where 
the person lived. 

Yesterday I was in Upper Freehold among some 
Company, where I heard them resolye concerning you, 
much the same as above; Avishing 3'ou might come to 
Court, for there were between seven and eight hundred 
of them ready to receive you. Nay, I have heard some 



94 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

of tliein declare solemnly tliey would use you as the in- 
formers were used at New York and Philadelphia. I 
know, they collected some money to purchase two barrels 
of Tar and have agreed wdtli a man to haul it a Monday. 
And as far as I can learn it is for you. They intend to fcar 
& feather you, and to cart you from the Court house to 
Yankirk's Mill iV: back again. In imitation of the Oister- 
man in New York. 

I sliou'd have taken the trouble to come to your 
house and informed you of the plotters against your per- 
son ere now, only, as I have some considerable property 
in this County, I know they would utterh' ruin me if they 
knew I divulged to you the least matter. 

Friend Legrange, you can act as you think will best 
suit you. Only I would advise you as a friend, to con- 
sider seriously the fury of an enraged mob ; mad with 
oppression ; and think deliberately with yourself how 
you expect to escape their hands : O, I beseech You ! to 
ponder well in 3'our own breast, the fate of many Kings 
<fc Princes, when they become obnoxious or hateful to the 
people. And the spirit of rioting seems to increase in 
our day ; think of the fate of Major James Ogden, and 
many of the custom house officers. Na}', we have daily 
instances of one or another falling a sacrifice to the peo- 
ple when provoked. And I can positivel}^ affirm if thou 
liadst dwelt in this County there would not been left one 
stone on another of yowr house ere now. 

Earo antecedentem scelestum desiruit pede poena- 
ceaudo. 

I ordered my young man to leave this for you, at 
your house or Duff's for thee. 

This letter was thought of sufficient importance by 
the House of Assembly to be made the subject of its 
action, and the following additional record is to be found 
concerning it in the Minutes of Assembly : 

"On the question 

" Resolved that the said letter is scandalous and un- 
warrantable : and that this house look u})on the same as 
manifestly tending to a breach of the public peace. 
The voices being equal the Speaker decided in the Affirm- 
ative." 

On the vote the members from Middlesex voted in 
the negative, and those from Monmouth and Somerset 
were divided. 



OLD TIMES. 95 

OLD TIMES. 



AN ANCIENT TAVERN BOOK. 

Certainly 'tlie taveru accounts of a New Jersey Coun- 
try Inn, of over an hundred years old, would be a 
curiosity. The kindness of a friend has jilaced before us 
just such a document. It is a home-made hook of the 
ancient ribbed and unruled fools-cap paper. The book 
js made by folding each leaf down the middle, lengthwise, 
so that each sheet makes four leaves or eight pages. 
The length is thirteen inches, and the width is nearly 
four and one-half inches. The cover is also home-made, 
being of a coarse, thin paste-board, made by pasting to- 
gether several sheets of paper, and then pasting a strip 
of thin paper a quarter of an inch wide round the border. 
The opening is made on the inside of the cover, where 
the owner writes : " His Book of Tavern Accompts 
November 14 1766 the Money prock." The abbreviated 
word "prock" needs explanation, which has been kindly 
furnished by Mr. C. D. Deshler, of the New Brunswick 
Historical Club. It alludes to the official and legislative 
proclamations regulating the currency as to its value. 
The accounts, however, are kept (though not very artisti- 
cally, yet with care,) in pounds, shillings and pence. 

A private note accompanying the book informs us 
that it is "the account of a hotel in Somerset county." 
However that may be, the names found in the entries are 
the family names of nearly all the old families of Mon- 
mouth county, and the adjoining county of Middlesex. 
There are accounts with one hundred and forty persons. 
Very numerous among these are the Cowenhovens. Of 
these one is entered with strict formality as " "\Vm. 
Cowenhoven Pt S." and another as " Court house William 
Cowenhoven." We have also the Buckelews, Carliles, 
Combses, Claytons, Cassleers, Campbells, Clarks, Craigs, 
Millers, Coopers, Disborrows, Dorsets, Englishes, Em- 
leys, Erricksons, Formans, Gastons, Pages, Herberts, 
Hagemans, Loyds, Lairds, Murrays, Moxols, Morfords, 
Newells, Perines, Patersons, Ptue, Reed, SinaHey, Sinitli, 



96 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Scobey, Polhamicees, Tilton, Wooley, Winerite, White, 
&G. It is seen that these names are spelled differently 
now. And very curious are the entries in this old book. 
Doubtless the following customer was a hard working, 
sturdy woman of those times. We copy the whole entry: 

1767. DOLLEY HAGEMAN, Dr. 

January 2 To 1 mug of Cider & 1-2 Dram 6. 

To 1 mug of Beer 6. 

To 1-2 Dram 2. 

To 2 mugs of Beer 1 — . 

April 8 To 1 Dram 4 

To 1-2 Dram 2. 



0. 2. 8. 
So Dolley's " accompt " was 0£. 2s. 8d. She paid the 
account, as it is cancelled by two lines drawn diagonally 
across the page. She is the only lady customer this 
trusting publican had. A customer named Rogers has a 
long and varied account. "To 1 mug of Cider 4d" oc- 
curs often. We tiud him on New Year's day taking " 1 
mug of Cider at 4d.," and again on the same day indulg- 
ing in two mugs, for which he is charged 8d. The next 
day we find him charged with " 2 Pints of Cider 4d. 
(Query : did a mug of cider contain two pints, as it is 
charged 4d., also ? If so, on New Year's he must have 
taken three quarts of apple juice.) This same day he is 
charged " to Victuals 5d. To 1 Dram id. To Supper 
lOd. To Hot Rum Is. 2d." As a dram was a gill, and 
cost 4d., this hot rum at 14 pence must have been a 
pretty heavy night-cap after supper. But this customer 
was generous, as we find him charged " To liquor in 
Company (that is, to treating round) Is. 7d." Other en- 
tries against him are in March, " 1 mug of Beer 6d." 
Next month occurs an entry " 2 mugs of beer 6d." 
(Query : did they have different sized mugs ?) The en- 
tries occur " To Beer and egg rum 9d. To liquor & 
Bread & Cheese Is. lid. To Beer & Egg Rum 9d. April 
9. To 1 Dram & Pint of Beer 7. To Cash 2s. To 1 Egg 
Dram 6. On this date is an entrv to his favor : " Cr. Bv 



OLD TIMES. 97 

Cash 7s. (hI." Two days nt'ter, auotlier fit of goodnature 
comes on, so he is charged " To Dinner 6: Liquor in 
Com}). Is. 8d, "' and the same day he borrows of the land- 
lord Is. On the 27th he stands charged " To 2 Drams 
8d. To Egg Rum c\: Wine Is. 4d." 

, In an account running against one William Orchard 
through several months, we find among many entries for 
drinks certain items that would indicate him to be a ped- 
dler, and which afford some insight into traveling ex- 
penses : " To Victual & mug of Cider Is. 6d. To Lodg- 
ing 4d. To hay & oats for horses Is. To breakfast and 
dram Is. To hay 1 day & 1 Night Is. To 2 Quarts of 
oats 4d. To Breakfast & mug Cider Is. 2d. To Dinner 
Is. To hay for your horse Is." &c. 

A curious account is one that shows a bad debt 
brought from the day book, and the landlord's shrewd- 
ness in his further dealing. The account is as follows : 
1766. Matthew Rue, Blacksmith Dr. 

Dec 16. Brought from the Day Book 4. 6. 

Jan 30. To mug of Beer on a ship in pawn 6. 

So the poor blacksmith had to i)awn a miniature 
ship in order to get his drink. As to hew the affair ended, 
there is no clue. 

Among a good many entries, W^illiam Carlile is 
charged " To 1 Sling 6d. "^To 1-2 Bowie of Punch 9. To 
1 Pint of Beer 3d. To 1 mug of Beer 6d." It wo;ild 
seem, then, that the mug ivas of the capacity of a quart. 

In the account of David Welch, January 12, 1767, is 
the entry : " To mug of Beer Wagered on Carlisles Wed- 
ding 6." The same day Welch is charged " To Stewed ct 
Rum od." What cookery may be implied in the word 
" stewed " is not clear, as the price does not permit the 
following to explain it : " To Cider, Quaker Sc Beer Is. 
3d. To mug of Stewed Quaker Is." This "Stewed 
Quaker " consisted of cider with some cider oil in it, and a 
hot roasted apple floating on top. This whim of the fre- 
quenters of our ancient American Tavarn was really only 
a refinement on the luxury indulged in by the evening 
patrons of the old English hostelry, when a roasted or 



98 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

wild apple was floated ou the mugs of ale. David 
Welch's account runs through four mouths, and foots up 
15s. 2d. At the bottom is written : " The above ace. is 
paid." 

One Peter Yatsmau runs an account in the years 
1766—67—68. From the nature of the entries it would 
seem that he is a traveler — likely a peddler — as among 
similar entries is found this one: "To hay Stabling, Sup- 
per, Lodging & Rum 2s. 8d." The heaviest single entry 
in the book occurs in his account. " To liquor & Vict- 
uals in Com. 6s. 3d." He is also charged " To 1 Bole o^ 
Toddy Is.," and to "a pound and a half of Tobacco lid." 
We suspect a half pound was meant. Peter is credited 
by " 31s. york," which is entered as " IX. 9s. 6d.," and 
finally (a rare case, certainly), the landlord makes a 
closing entry of 7s. 2d. in Yatsman's favor. 

One David Wilson seems remarkably free, as in a 
short account he is charged seven times liquoring and 
victualing the company. This Mr. Wilson stands, in one 
entry, credited with "two turkeys, total 5s. 6d." 

A John Cowenhoven stands charged " To 1 mug of 
Swezel." What that is, does not appear; but it cost lOd.^ 
and as a mug of cider cost but 4, and a mug of beer but 
6, it was rather costly. 

Charles Scobey gets credit " By soaliug 2 pairs of 
Shoes, 4s. 

Jonathan Forman gets credit for " two bushels of 
Corn, 6s." 

In settling one account certain differences are struck 
between York money and Prock (proclamation) money, 
and an allowance is made for what is called " light 
money." 

This short sketch from this curious old book, is 
given to show the prices of some things at that time. It 
would be interesting to get at the old time talks, when 
the old folks gathered at this hostelry to hear the news 
and discuss the scandals. The book shows vividly the 
social status of the alcohol question then. Among the 
names is one Gilbert Tennent — we dare not say it was 



OLD TIMES IN OCEAN COrN'lY. ' 0*1 

the minister, because we are not sure. But this is cer- 
tain, that since then the change in sentiment has been 
stupendous. It was then no disgrace to sit in tlie tavern 
and indulge — the wedding, the funeral, the ministers' 
gathering, all saw the social cu}) pass freely. Verily, 
temperance men have wrought wonders ; and the world 
moves for the better, as is testified to by this old witness 
of the days of 1766. 

OLD TIMES IN OCEAN COUNTY. 



REMINISCENCES OF ITS DISCOVERY — SETrLEMENT— CHURCH 
HISTORY— REVOLUriONARY AND MISCELLANEOUS MATTER — 
SCENES ON THE C3AST — FISHING AND WH\LINCi — RELIG- 
IOUS SOCIETIES, &C. 

The first mention by Europeans of that })ortion of 
our State now comprised within the limits of the county 
of Ocean is contained in the following extract from the 
journal kept by Robert Juet mate of the "Half Moon," 
of which ship Sir Henry Hudson was commander. Sir 
Henrv Hudson himself has given us no account of his 
discoveries on this trip in 1609. The Half Moon left 
Delaware Bay and was proceeding northerly along our 
coast when Juet wrote as follows : 

"Sept. 2nd 1601). The course along the land Ave 
found to be N. E. by N. from the laud which we first had 
sight of until we came to a great lake of Avater as we 
could judge it to he, being drowned land Avhicli made it 
rise like islands, was in length ten leagues. The mouth 
of the lake has many shoals and the sea l)reaks upon 
them as it is cast out of the mouth of it. And from that 
lake or bay the land lays N. by E. and Ave had a great 
stream out of the bay, and from thence our soundings 
was ten fathoms two leagues from land. At fi\'e o'clock 
we anchored in eight fathoms water, Avind light. Far to 
the north Avai-d we saw high hills." 

The next morning the Half Moon proceeded on to- 
Avards the Highlands. 

Juet's description of the coast, its tAvo courses, one 

L.ofC. 



( 

100' HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

above and the other below Barnegat gives it as it still is ; 
the soundiugs are about as he describes, and the inlet 
and bay still present the same appearance. 

SAW AND GRIST MILLS IN ANCIENT TIMES — FORD, FERRY, ET(L 
AT TOMS RIVER. 

Among the sawmills first erected in Ocean county 
may be mentioned the following : 

John Eastwood had a sawmill on Cedar Creek pre- 
vious to 1740. 

Edward Beak's, sawmill, Kettle Creek, 1742. 

Van Hook's sawmill, Dry Cedar Swamp Brook, 1749. 

Everingham's sawmill, north branch Toms River, 
1750. 

Van Horn's sawmill. Van Horn's brook, Toms River, 
1759. 

Coward's sawmill, north branch Toms River, 1762. 

In the New York Gazette, April, 1768, appears an 
advertisement offering for sale a tract of land of 1,000 
acres at Toms River ; also a sawmill four miles from the 
bay, renting for 82,000 feet good inch boards a year. 
The advertisement is signed by Paul and Abraham 
Schenck, and reference given to John Williams, Tiniconk 
Bridge. 

Jackson's Mills and Scheuck's Mills, Jackson town- 
ship, Willett's Mills, Stafford, Kimmons' Mills, NeAv Egypt 
and mills on Forked River (upper mill), Waretown and 
Oyster Creeks, were also built at an early date. The saw 
and grist mill at Toms River (where the village now is) 
were burnt by the British, March, 1782. 

We find that some of these mills were established 
farther up some of these streams than many now would 
suppose would be the case ; the lumber would be made 
into small narrow rafts and floated down towards the 
bay, where vessels would be in readiness to carry it to 
market. Old Cranberry Inlet being then open it was 
much more convenient to get to New York than at the 
present day. 

In 1748 we find in ancient records mention of 
Marcus Hedden's dam at Toms River called " The old 



OLD TIMES IN OCEAN COUNTY. 101 

giving over place ; " other writings speak of " The old 
ridiug overplaee," which was near the present bridge. 
In 1749 we find mention of A. Luker's Ferrv at Toms 
River. 

The first land taken up at Toms River appears to 
have been a small tract of 17 1-2 acres along the river 
near Messrs. Auniack's store Nov. 14th, 1741 ; and same 
date a tract 75 acres back of Cowdrick's Hotel— by 
James Alexander, Surveyor General. 

ORIGIN AND SIGNIFICATION OF SOME OF THE NAMES IN OCEAN 
COUNTY, HISTORICAL, TRADITIONAL AND CONJECTURAL. 

3£annahawl'i)i : This name is from the original In- 
dian designation of the place and signifies " good corn 
land." 

Bariunjut: From the Dutch and signifies "Breakers 
Inlet," or an inlet with breakers. It was first written 
" Bar-ende-gat," then " Barndegat " and finally the present 
orthography was adopted. 

11 aretoicn : So called from an early settler named 
Abraham Waeir who died in that village March 24th, 
1768, aged 85 years. 

Tom.s lilver : So called from a noted Indian living 
there previous to the Revolution. It is said he held some 
office under the British Government, but proving a de- 
faulter Avas deprived of it and disgraced. 

New Egypt: One tradition says this place was 
formerly called " Kimmons Mills " a man named Kim- 
mons owning the mills there ; and from the amount of 
corn raised and sold in the vicinity, jieople at a distance 
used to speak jokingly of " going to Egypt to buy corn," 
and hence the name. 

Goodluck : There is a tradition to the effect that a 
man on horseback being pursued by some enemies in- 
tent on taking his life, rode his horse into the bay and 
swam him across to the jjoint of land near the mouth of 
Toms River now known as Goodluck Point by which 
means he escaped and to commemorate his deliverance he 
called it " Goodluck Point." In regard to the name of 
Goodluck applied to the village, another tradition says it 



102 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

was given by Rev. Jolin Murray ou account of the good 
luck which he seemed to meet with there. As Murray must 
have originally landed near Goodluck Point, it is not im- 
probable that fancying the name as applied to the Point 
he might under the circumstances have bestowed it upon 
the village. 

Barende-Gat : The name Barende-gat in Dutch 
signifies BreaTxern hih^t or an inlet with breakers ; it ap- 
pears to have been applied to the inlet, not as a perma- 
nent name, but only as one d''.'<('rfj)/ive oi the inlet, by the 
first discoverers along our coast ; the same name is found 
upon some ancient maps applied both to Absecon and 
Barnegat. 

The name Barnegat in ancient times was not only 
applied to the inlet and bay but to much or most of the 
land bordering on the bay. 

EMPLOYMENT OF OCEAN COUNTY VESSELS. 

The establishment of saw mills rendered it necessary 
to have vessels to carry lumber to market ; these vessels 
were generally sloops. This was about the beginning of 
the coasting trade for which Ocean county has since been 
so noted. After a time these first vessels found addi- 
tional employment in carrying cedar rails to market ; 
after a time this trade began to fail but about the time 
it failed the invention of steamboats- caused a demand for 
pine wood. Since then a large number of vessels owned 
and manned by citizens of this county have been steadily 
engaged in the wood trade ; when the supply of pine 
wood failed in the county, larger vessels were built and 
proceeded to Maryland and Virginia to obtain it. 

When the largest of the timber — such as was fit 
for marketable wood, Avas cut off, the charcoal trade next 
furnished employment for many of the smaller class 
coasting vessels. The charcoal trade was commenced 
about forty years ago. 

At the present time most of the coasting vessels 
(generally scliooners — two or three masted) are too large 
to enter our bay loaded ; tliey are engaged in the coasting 
rade from New York to Southern and Eastern ports. A 



OLD TIMES JN OCEAN COUNTY. 103 

large .iniount of capital is invested by our citizens iu 
these vessels, much larger than Custom House records 
would show, as most of them take out papers at New 
York, Perth Amho}-, Little Egg Harhor and other places 
out of the county or out of the Custom House district. 
It is difficult now to give tlie precise amount of capital 
invested, hut itis probable that between half a million and 
a million dollars is now invested in vessel property by 
Ojean cMiiut}' citiz.^ns. Most of these vessels are built 
in the county, but some have been built on the North 
Biver, at x^Uowaystowu, N. J., and other places. 

(AlS there is no Custom House in Ocean county, my 
impression is that much of the vessel property owned 
here is credited to other places ; for instance, if three- 
fourths of a vessel is owned here and one-fourth in New 
York, the vessel will be enrolled in New York, as it is 
convenient to renew papers there.) 

CAPT. HENDllICKSON AND THE " ONKEST.'" 

The first Europeans who ever landed within the 
limits of o:ir county, it is probable, were Capt. Hend- 
rickson and his comjianions in the celebrated 3'acht 
" Onrest" (Restless), although we have no positive infor- 
mation to settle the point. The evidence, though cir- 
cumstantial, is strong. It will be remembered that Mr. 
Brodhead, the Historian of N. Y., discovered a map in 
Holland suppo33d to have been published or made about 
Octobsr, 1()1I. This map gives so correct a representa- 
tion of Barnegat Bay and the various streams running 
into it that it b3ars upon its face evidence of having been 
mads from actual exploration. In regard to the author- 
ship of this map of 1614, I am unaware of its being 
attributed to any one ; but it will be remembered that 
the little "Onrest," after returning from her cruise in the 
Spring of that year under Adrien Block (from the East- 
ward), was taken in charge by Capt. Hendrickson who 
sailed out of Sandy Hook southerly for the express pur- 
pose of making discoveries and exploring the coast. 
Most maps made during the succeeding fifty or seventy- 
five years give so inccu'rect representations of Barnegat 



104 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Bay and the streams emptying into it that they doubt- 
lessly were made by persons who never entered the bay 
at all, but only sailed along outside the beach. Naviga- 
tors in vessels outride could easily determine the length, 
and quite accurately the width, also, but could see no 
streams. It is true that in the noted " Figurative " map 
of 1616, of Capt. Heudrickson's, we find nothing to justify 
the supposition that he entered this bay, but that map 
does not appear to have been made to give exact particu- 
lars of discoveries, but only to give general outlines of 
the coast for an especial and different purpose, viz : to 
illustrate and explain his demands for certain special 
trading privileges. From the object he had in view in 
cruisino; alony; our coast in 1614 ; from the size of his 
little vessels so well adapted for coming in our inlet 
which the larger Dutch vessels could not do ; from the 
improbability of any other navigator cruising along here 
that year ; from the date of the map corresponding so 
nearly to the time of his trip ; from the probabilities that 
he must have made a more minute map of the coast than 
his figurative one — from all these circumstances combined, 
it seems reasonable to suppose that the " Onrest," the 
first vessel ever built in America, was the first that ever 
entered Barnegat Bay. 

FISHING AND WHALING. 

The fishing privileges afforded in the vicinity of 
Barnegat Bay were frequently enlarged upon by the Pro- 
prietors and others, to induce parsons to settle along the 
bay and even whaling was expected to prove quite 
profitable. The celebrated navigator De Vries tells us 
that on the 15th of April, 1633, he was off " Barendegat, 
where in two hours he took upwards of eighty codfish 
better than those of New Foundland. Samuel Groome 
in order to eftect the establishment of this branch of 
commerce was very anxious for a spaedy arrangement 
with the Indians whereby lands near Barnegat might be 
secured." 

The work of Scott, 1685, before alluded to, says : 
" Bornogate, or Burning Hole, is said to be a very 



01 D TIMKS IX OCEAN COUNTY. 105 

good pla?e for tishiii^j; and there ;ire some desiring to 
take up laud tli^rs wlio iut'oriu us that it is good land 
aud al)uudauce of meadow lyiug in it." 

Though wlialiug turned out generally uni)rofitable, 
yet our first settlers found inducements enough to locate 
here in other fisheries, the abundanc3 of oysters, wild 
fowl, etc.; these, together with the meadow and farm 
land adjacent to the bay, rendered the necessaries of life 
easily obtainable. These first settlers, locating them- 
selves along the bay or upon streams near the bay, do 
not appear to have taken up land ; the presumption is, 
that the Proprietors psrsuaded them to come and locate 
upon their lands or were anxious to have them do so as 
a means of drawing other settlers here. A few families 
appear to have been in the county scattered at various 
points as early as about 1700, and slowly increased in 
numbers until from 1735 to 171:0, about which time (as 
far as I have been able to ascertain) settlers first began 
to take up laud. Then (1735-40) we find the next in- 
ducement to locate here was the valuable sites for nii/Is 
afforded by the numerous streams aud the facilities for 
the lumbsr trade ; some of the first mills established in 
Ocean county it may be proper to mention. 

SETTLERS FROM LONG ISLAND. 

It is said" that the Dutch, after displacing the 
Swedes along the Delaware in 1655, and Avhile under the 
Governorship of Peter Alricks aud others, acquired large 
tracts of country upon the eastern side of New Jersey. 
According to some traditionary accounts, j)ersons, either 
Swedes or Dutch, from along the Delaware about this 
time visited Ocean county and endeavored to induce per- 
sons to settle along Toms Eiver, l)ut this point is not as 
yet conclusively settled. 

Besides the reasons offered by the Proprietors to in- 
duce })ersons to settle here we have other causes which 
actuated many of the first settlers to locate here and in 
other parts of East Jersey, given in the following extract 

* Hist. Coll. N. .1. 



106 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

from a letter of Lord Corubnry's to tlie Board of Trade, 
dated July 1st, 1708. 

" Two sorts of people remove out of tliis Goveru- 
meiit (New York) to neigliboriug provinces ; tlie first are 
trading men ; of these but few Lave removed siuce I 
came hither. The other sort are husbandmen. Of this 
sort many are removed lately, especially from Kings 
county, Long Island. Many of our early settlers along 
shore came from Long Island about the time referred to 
by Lord Corubury — those on the lower part of our 
county chieli}' by way of Egg Harbor. And the reasons 
they remove are of two kinds, namely : The first is be- 
cause Kings county is small and full of people, so as the 
young grow up they are forced to seek land farther off 
to settle on. The land in the Eastern Division of New" 
Jersey is good and not very far from Kings county ; 
there is only a bay to cross. The other reason that in- 
duces them to move into New Jersey is because they pay 
no taxes ; no, nor no duties." 

Lord Corubury then proceeds to propose plans to 
check this emigration, but we find that Gov. Robt. Hun- 
ter, (April 30tli, 1716,) still complains of " the great 
numbers of the younger sort who leave Long Island 
yearly to plant in New Jersey and Pennsylvania." 

EARLY SETTLERS OF OCEAN. 

As before stated, many of the early settlers of Ocean 
county came from Long Island, probably a majority of 
those in the lower part of the county. Many of these, 
perhaps most of them, came ])v the way of Little Egg 
Harbor. 

From Long Island tax rates 1675, to 168:-), are gath- 
ered the following among other familar Ocean county 
names : 

Oyster Bdij : Birdsalls, AVilletts, Horners, Town- 
sends, Andrews. 

(i ravei<(nd : Tiltons, Davis, Woolleys, Jolinsons, 
Stillwells, Wilkins. 

Broakli iC(U : Salmons, Rogers, Platts, Jones, 
Ooxos, Hulses. 



OLD TIME8 IN OCEAN COUNTY. 107 

S(nif]tanijit(m : Roses, Mills, (^)()ks, Komptoiis. 

SouthohJ : Baileys, Salmons. 

East Ildiitptan : Osbonies. 

y,'irf(>icn : Lawreuees, Paugboius, Moores, Smiths, 
Southards, Salmons, Whitas, Williams, Formans, Bird- 
sails, Burc'hams. 

In several Lonj^ Islaud towns are the Lawrences, 
Oonklins, Williams, Rogers, etc. 

From Burlington county came the Pharos, Ridg- 
ways, Imlays, Jennings, Mills, etc. 

Among families supposed to have come from Middle- 
sex are the Parkers," Gulicks, Randolphs, Predmores, 
etc. 

A large number of earlv settlers came from Mon- 
mouth: the Stouts, Holmes, Conovers, Lawrences, Rus- 
sells, Herberts, and others too numerous to mention. 

Many families of the same name appear to have 
com?, in different parts of the county, from different 
places, as Mills, Cooks, Johnsons, etc. 

Among early settlers who are referred to in ancient 
deeds T)ut of whom little is known as to their origin, we 
find Wm. Chamberlain whose house stood on the north 
side of Oyster Creek, 1739 ; Robert Hewlett's dwelling, 
Goodluck, 1748, and Nicholas Brown, Mannahawkin. 

Me>ii : The county was so sjiarsely populated a 
century ago that I doubt if it contained over twelve or 
fifteen hundred people, though so large in territory. 

OLD SHREWSBURY TOWNSHIP — THE DUTCH IN NEW JERSEY. 

Ocean it will be remembered was once a part of 
Monmouth, and Monmouth was formerly divided into 
Middletown and Shrewsbury. Shrewsbury then ex- 
tended to the most southerly i)oint of the present county 
of Ocean ; it is therefore pro])er to make some reference 
to old Shrewsbury. 

The celebrated Stout manuscript says that in IG-IS 
there were only six white families in Middletown. It is 
doubtful if there were any then in Shrewsbury. Shrews- 

*For Paikci- faiuilv 8( .■ • rontiilmtious to K. -I Hist, by W. A. Wliitolit ad " 



108 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES, 

bury was first settled by emigrants from Comiecticiit 
in 1664. 

The following items relating not only to Shrewsbury, 
but to other parts of East Jersey, may be new to some ; 
they are from the Dutch records during their brief sway 
in i673. 

After displacing the English, the Dutch sent officers 
into East Jersey to administer to the inhabitants : 

THE OATH or ALLEGIANCE. 

" Aug. 12th, 1673. The inhabitants of Middletown 
and Shrewsbury are required and charged to send their 
deputies unto us on Tuesday morning next to treat upon 
surrendering their said towns to the Dutch. 

(Signed) Coknelius Evertie, 

Jacob Benckes. 

" 14th 7ber 1673. Capt. Knyft' and Lieut. Snell re- 
turned yesterday morning from Aghter Coll" and reported 
that pursuant to their commissions they had adminis- 
tered the oath of allegiance to the inhabitants of the 
undernamed towns, wdio are found to number as in the 
lists herewith delivered to Council :" 

Elizabethtown, 80 men, 76 took oath — rest absent. 



New Wark, 


86 " 


75' 






a a 


Woodb ridge. 


54 " 


53 






(me absent. 


Piscataway, 


43 " 


43 








Middletown, 


60 " 


52 








Shrewsbury, 


68 " 


38 






18 Quakers 



promised allegiance — rest absent." 

By the foregoing census it appears that the men in 
East Jersey that year numbered 391. Allowing the pop- 
ulation to have been four times as many as the popula- 
tion of East Jersey- that year (1673) would have been 
1564, and of ShreAvsbury 272. 

Many original Monmouth settlers were Dutch from 
Holland. The Holland Dutch origin is still preserved 
by many familiar names as shown elsewhere. 

The Holland Dutch (or Low Dutch,) are proverbially 



*Aghtor foil, or Achtor Coll, uicauiug "boyoud the hills" — beyond Bergcu Hills — 
tlie uamc applied to East Jersey. 



OLD TIMES IN OCEAN COUNTY. 109 

a remarkably cleanly and neat people — so mnc-li so, that 
we hardly dare call in question the truth of the story of 
one of our very neat, tid}' Mouniouth Dutch Grandmoth- 
ers who scrubbed her floor so thoroughly and so often, 
that one day she scrubbed through and fell into the cellar 
and broke her neck. 

The following item also relates to Shrewsbury : 

"Whereas the late chosen Magistrates of Shrews- 
bury are found to be persons whose religion will not 
suffer them to take an oath, it was ordered that a new 
nomination of four persons of true Protestant Christian 
religion out of which I shall elect two and continue 
one of the former Magistrates. 

Anthony Coi.vis Gov. 

29th 7th ber 1673. 

Magistrates of ShreAvsl)ury, sworn Sept. 1st, 1678 : 

John Hance, Eleakim Wardil, Hugh Dyckman. 

Capt. Knyff and Lieut. Snell reported also that they 
had sworn in certain officers of the militia in said towns. 
For Micklletown and Shrewsbur}' were the following : 

Middletown — Jonathan Holmes, Captain ; John 
Smith, Lieut.; Thomas Whitlock, Ensign. 

Shrewsbur}' — William Newman, Captain; John 
Williamson, Lieut.; Nieles Brown, Ensign. 

In 16cS2 the population of Shrewsbury was estimated 
at 400, and several thousand acres of land were under 
cultivation. 

rROPRIETORS' DIVISION OF LANDS. 

The first mention that I now remember to have met 
with of an}' part of the present county of Ocean in any offi- 
cial j9«Wt6- EnglisJi recorch is in the grant of the Duke of 
York \o Berkely and Carteret July 29th, 1674. In giving 
the bounds of territory it is described as extending " as far 
southward as a certain creek called ^rt/vir/'r/, being about 
the middle point between Sandy Hook and Cape May, 
and bounded on the west in a strait line from said creek 
called Barneyat to a certain creek in Delaware river next 
adjoining to and below a certain creek in Delaware river 
called Ilenkokus." (Leaming k Spicer, p. 46.) 



110 HISTOUY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

The above quotation is repeated in Carteret's in- 
structions to planters and settlers, (Learning and Spicer, 
p. 50.) 

In tlie Pro2:)r:'etors' Instructions to the Deputy Gov- 
ernor, July 3d, 1(385, it is ordered : 

" That whenever there is a convenient Plott of land 
lying together, containing twenty -four thousand acres as 
we are informed will more especially be the case at Bar- 
negatte, it be divided and marked into twenty-four partS) 
a thousand acres to each Proprietary^ and the parts being 
made as equal as can be for quality and situation, the 
first comers settling to have the choice of the Divisions 
and where several stand equal in that respect upon equal 
Terms and Time of settling it be determined by lot," etc. 

(The sections proceed to give farther directions in 
regard to dividing the lauds which are to be found in 
Leaming and Spicer, pages 210-211.) 

TRAVELING IN ANCTENT TIMES. 

Although the majority of persons who earliest visited 
Ocean county travelled along the shore, yet it is probable 
that the north-westerly and northerly portions of the 
county were occasionally traversed by travelers crossing 
our State long before there were am^ settlements of 
whites in the central portion of New Jersey. These trav- 
elers crossed the State for various reasons, some for 
curiosity, perhaps, or to explore it ; some on j)ublic or 
private business between the early settlements in New 
York and East Jersey, adjacent, and the settlements on 
the Delaware, as in the case of Capt. William Tom and 
Peter Alricks, 1671 ; others as missionaries or traveling- 
preachers between settlements in this a ad other States. 

I know of no account which gives the precise route 
usually travelled then, but it would be reasonable to sup- 
pose they followed the usual Indian trails or paths. 
Among these ])aths we find occasional mention in ancient 
Monmouth and Ocean records of "Burlington old ])atli,"' 
among other places referred to in 1767 in the act creating 
th(^ towushi]) of Dover now in Ocean. 



THE COMING OF THE WHITE MAN. ill 

* 

THE COMING OF THE WHITE MAN. 



WHAT THE INDIANS THOUGHT OF Till! Will IKS AM) IHEIU 
SHIPS. — THE NATIVES ASTONISHED. — THE MAN IN KED AND 
THE RED MAN. — FIUE WATER AND ITS FrUST INDIAN VIC- 
TIM. — THE FIRST INDIANS DRUNK, Ac. 

After Sir Heury Hudson's (L'partiire from tlio shores 
of Monmouth, he proceeded towards Manhattan Ishmd 
and thence up the river now T)earing his name. Tlie i'ol- 
k^wing traditionary account, the ct)iuiu;4 of tlie Whites 
according to Heckwekler, Avas hanchnl down among both 
Dehiware and Iroquois Indians. It is not often w,(^ meet 
in fact or fiction a more interesting story tiian this ])lain, 
simple Indian tradition. After explaining that the Indian 
chiefs of old Monmouth County notified th(» chiefs ou 
York or Manhattan Island, and that the chiefs of the 
surrounding country finally gathered at the last named 
place to give a formal reception, the tradition says : 

A long time ago before men with a Avhite skin ha<l 
ever been seen, some Indians fishing at a place where the 
sea widens, espied something at a distance moving upon 
the water. They hurrisd ashore, collected their neigh- 
bors, who together returned and viewed intently this 
astonishing phenomenon. What it could be, baffied con- 
jecture. Some supposed it to be a large fish or other 
animal, others that it was a large house floating upon the 
sea. Perceiving it moving towards the land, the spec- 
tators concluded that it would be proper to send runners 
in different directions to carry the news to their scattered 
chiefs, that they might send off for the immediate attend- 
ance of their w^arriors. — These arrived in numbers to 
behold the sight, and perceiving that it was actually 
moving towards them, that it Avas coming into the river 
or bay, they conjectured that it must be a remarkalily 
largo h')us^ in whk'li tli ^ Man'dto or Great Spirit Avas 
coming to visit them. They Avere much afraid and yet 
under no apprehension that the Gre.-.t Spirit Avould injure 
them. ThoA' Avorshipped him. The ciiiefs now assembled 
at NeAV York Island and consulted in wliat maniun- tlu\\' 



112 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

sliould receive their Mauitto ; meat was prepared for a 
sacrifice. The women were directed to prepare their best 
victuals. Idols or images were examined and put in 
order. A grand dance thev thought would be pleasing, 
and in addition to the sacrifice might appease him if 
hungry. The conjurers were also set to work to deter- 
mine Avhat this phenomenon portended and what the re- 
sult would be. To the conjurers, men, women and chil- 
dren looked for protection. Utterly at a loss what to do, 
and distracted alternately between hope and fear, in the 
confusion a grand dance commenced. Meantime fresh 
runners arrived, declaring it to be a great house of vari- 
ous colors and full of living creatures. It now appeared 
that it was their Mauitto, probably bringing some new 
kind of game. Others arriving declared it positively full 
of people of different color and dress from theirs, and 
that one apjjeared altogether in red. (This -was sup- 
posed to be Sir Henry Hudson, j This then must be the 
Mauitto. They were lost in admiration, could not 
imagine what the vessel was, whence it came, or what all 
this portended. They are now hailed from the vessel in 
a language they could not understand. They answered 
by a shout or yell in their way. The house or large 
canoe as some call it, stoj^s. A smaller canoe comes on 
shore with the red man in it ; some stay by the canoe to 
guard it. The chief and wise men form a circle into 
which the red man and two attendants enter. He salutes 
them with friendly countenance, and they return the 
salute after their manner. They are amazed at their 
color and dress, particularly with him, who glittering in 
red, wore something, perhaps lace and buttons, they 
could not comprehend. He must be the great Mauitto, 
they thought, but why should he have a white skin? 

A large elegant Iloucl'Jiack (gourd, /. e. bottle, decan- 
ter, ttc.,) is brought by one of the supposed Manitto's 
servants, from which a substance is placed into smaller 
cups or glasses and handed to the Manitto. He drinks, 
has the glasses refilled and handed to the chief near 
him. He takes it, smells it, and passes it to the next, 



THE COMIXd OF THE \VHITE MAN. ll!} 

"svlio does the same. The <flass iu this iiiiiiinei' is })assed 
arouud the eirch^ aud is about to be returned to the red 
clothes man, when one of the Indians, a j^reat warrior, 
harangues them on the im})ropriety of returning the cup 
unemptied. It was hanch^d to them, he said, bv the 
Manitto, to driidc out of as lie had. To foHow his ex- 
ample Avould please him — to reject, might provoke his 
wrath ; aud if no one else would, he would drink it him- 
self, let what would follow, for it were better for one man 
to die, than a whole nation to be destroyed. He then 
took the glass, smelled it, again addressed them, bidding- 
adieu, aud drank its contents. All eyes are now fixed 
upon the first Indian in New York, who had tasted the 
poison, which has since eflected so signal a revolution iu 
the condition of the native Americans. He soon besan 
to stagger. The women cried, supposing him in fits. 
He rolled on the ground ; thev bemoan his fate ; thev 
thought him dying ; he fell asleep ; they at first thought 
he had expired, but soon perceived he still breathed ; he 
awoke, jumped up, and declared he never felt more 
happy. He asked for more, and the whole assembly 
imitating him became intoxicated. While this intoxica- 
tion lasted, the whites confined themselves to their yes- 
sels ; after it ceased, the man with the red clothes re- 
turned and distributed beads, axes, hoes and stockings. 
The}" soon became familiar, and conversed by signs. The 
W'hites made them understand that they would now re- 
turn home, but the next year they would visit them again 
with presents, and stay with them awhile ; but as that 
they could not live without eating, they should then 
want a little land to sow seeds, in order to raise herbs to 
put in their.broth. 

Accordingly a vessel arrived the season following, 
when they w^ere much rejoiced to see each other ; but 
the whites laughed when they saw axes and hoes hang- 
ing as ornaments to their breasts ; and the stockings 
used as tobacco pouches. The whites now put handles 
in the axes and hoes and cut down trees before their 
eyes, dug the ground, and showed them the use of stock- 



114 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

iiigs. Here, say the Indians, a general langli ensued — 
to think they had remained ignorant of the use of these 
things, and had borne so hjng such heavy metals sus- 
pended around their necks. Familiarity daily increas- 
ing between them and the \Thites — the latter prepared to 
stay with them — asking them only for so much land as 
the hide of a bullock spread before them would coA'er ; 
they granted the request. The whites then took a knife, 
and, beginning at a place on the hide, cut it up into a 
rope not thicker than the linger of a little child. They 
then took the rope and drew it gently along in a circular 
form, and took in a large piece of ground ; the Indians 
were surprised at their superior wit, but they did not 
contend with them for a little ground, as they had 
enough. The}^ lived contentedly together for a long 
time, but the new comers from time to time asked for, 
more land, which was readily obtained, and thus gradu- 
ally proceeded higher up the Mahicannlttnek {Hudson 
liiver), until they began to believe they would want all 
their country, which proved eventually to be the case. 

The name which the Indians first gave to the whites- 
was Woajmel Lennape, which signified white people. 
But in process of time, when disagreeable events occur- 
red between them, the Indians laid aside this name and 
called them Schuwnnack — the salt peoj^le — because they 
came across the salt water ; and this name was always 
after applied to the whites. 

The foregoing traditions are said to have been 
handed down among both Delaware and Iroquois. 

The Delawares owned and were spread over the 
whole country, from New York Island to the Potomac. 
They say they had a great many towns, among other 
places a number on the Lenua})ewiliittack or Delaware 
river, and a great many in SJifijicIih! on that part of the 
country now named Jersey. That a place named Ohi- 
cliohacA, now Trenton, on the Lannapewihittuck a large 
Indian town had been for many years together, where 
their great chief resided. The Delawares say Chick- 
ohacki is a j)lace on the east side of the Delaware river 



TOWNSHIPS IN OCEAN COrNTV. 115 

?il)()ve Pliilfidelpliia, at or uear a great bend where the 
Avhite people have since built a town which thev call 
Trenton. Their old town was on a high bluff which was 
always tumbling down, wherefore the town was called 
Chiehohacki, which is fm/ih/i/u/ hunks, or falling banks. 
"When the Europeans lirst arrived at York Island 
the Great Unami chief of the Turtle tril)e resided south- 
ward across a large stream, or where Amboy now is. 
That from this town a ver}^ long sand bar (Sandy Hook) 
extended far into the sea. That at Amboy and all the 
way up and down their large rivers and bays and on 
great islands they had towns when the Europeans first 
arrived, and that it was their forefathers who first dis- 
covered the Europeans on their travel, and who met 
them on York Island after they landed. 

TOWNSHIPS IX OCEAN COUNTY. 



The present county of Ocean, as before stated, was 
once a part of Shrewsbury. This Avas the case until 
1749 when a portion of the lower part of Shrewsbury 
was set off and formed into the township of Stafford. 

The patent creating the toAvnship of Stafford is 
dated March 3d, 1749, and Avas issued in the reign of 
George II, and is signed by Gov. Belcher. As this is 
probably the first offirial jmblic document relating to 
any portion of the present county of Ocean it is a mat- 
ter of gratification to know that this patent is still in ex- 
istence in good preservation. It is, as was usual, upon 
parchment, with the great seal of the province of New 
Jersey attached, the impression of which still shows to 
good advantage. 

(This patent at present writing is in the care of the 
author hereof.) 

The next division of Shrewsbury affecting the 
coiinty of Ocean, was the creation of the township of 
Dover June 24th, 1767, when Wm. Franklin was Gov- 
ernor. In the recital of the boundaries of Dover, men- 
tion is made of " Burlington old path " where it crosses 



116 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

tlie north braucli of Toms Rivsr, &c." (This "Barling- 
tou okl jjath " is the one before referred to as having 
been probably traversed by early travelers.) 

The other townships in Ocean have been set off 
within late years. 

Jackson was originally set off in 1844 ; Plumsled in 
1845 ; Union, in 1846 ; Brick in 1850. 

Pliimsted, it is said, was named in honor of Clement 
Plumsted one of the early Proprietors; Britk after Jo- 
seph W. Brick, a prominent citizen of the township ; 
Jackson, probably after General Andrew Jackson, but 
some contend it was also after the proprietor of " Jack- 
son's Mills," vvdio was an early and prominent settler in 
the township ; perhaps the township received its name 
on account of both. 

When application was made to have " Union " set 
off it was proposed at first to call it " Strattou," after 
Gov. Charles Stratton, but the proposition failed. 

POPULATION OF EAST JERSEY, SHREWSBURY. &C. 

It may not be amiss to introduce some brief items 
relative to and showing the increase of population in 
this section of the State and also of the State at large, 
as possessing some general interest ; though some, per- 
haps all of them, may be familiar to those well versed in 
our early history, yet they may contain something not 
generally known to the public. 

In 1648 the celebrated Stout manuscript says there 
were only six white families in Middletown. 

In 1673 Capt. Knyff and Lieut. Snell's ;'eport shows 
there were 391 male adults in East New Jerse3\ 

In 1682 the jjopulation of Shrewsbury township was 
estimated at 400, and Middletown 100 families. 

In 1702 the population of the whole State was esti- 
mated at about 20,000. (Vide Hist. Coll. N. J.) 

In 1703 Col Lewis Morris estimates the population 
of East Jersey at 8,000. 

(Historical Collections of N. J. page 29, says the 
population of New Jersey in 1702 was supposed to be 
about 20,000, of which 12,000 belonged to East Jersey 



OUK COAST. 117 

and 8,000 to West Jersey, and Militia 1,100 ; but Col. 
Morris estimates as above ohly 8,000 in East Jersey the 
following year.) 

In 1720 the population of the whole State was 
32,412. As these appear to have been the first nearest 
approach which I have met with to a complete census of 
the State this year (1726) I append the table herewith as 
I notice that it appears to have escaped the attention of 
some Avriters well versed in the early history of our 
State. It will be noticed that there were only ten coun- 
ties then. 

(See census table accompanying.) 

In 1738 the population of New Jersey was 47,369— slaves 3,081. 
1745 " " " " 61,403— slaves 4,603. 

The last two are given on authority of Morse's Geog- 
raphy (old Ed.) 

1765. The New York " Post Boy," December 1765, 
estimates the number of whites and blacks capable of 
bearing arms in New Jersey then, at 20,000. The British 
authorities appear to have kept account of the men 
capable of bearing arms about this period, as they occa- 
sionally made calls or drafts for men. For instance, in 
1757-8 during the old French war, in our State, soldiers 
ivere raimd hij draft to go North to meet the French. 
This draft operated with severity among Quakers, espe- 
cially ; many were forced into the ranks and marched 
North, but fortunately got into no battles. 

OUE COAST. 



DK. kohl's RESEAECHES. 

There are many interesting items relating not only 
to Ocean county but to the State at large to be collected 
from ancient maps and charts. And I Avill here take the 
liberty of calling attention to that portion of the Eeport 
of the Superintendent United States Coast Survey for 
1856 which refers to the labors of Dr. J. G. Kohl. By 
the sketch given of Dr. Kohl's report to the United 
States Superintendent it appears that he has examined 



118 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

about live liuudred charts, maps and works relating to 
our coast from 1497 to 1855. These were found in tliis 
countr}^ and Europe, and his researches for information 
rehitive to the American coast were probably the most 
thorough ever made, and it is a great misfortune that his 
report has never been published, but yet lies buried in 
the archives of the Superintendent's office at Washing- 
ton. As the United States Superintendent's report for 
1856 is easily to be obtained for reference, it is unneces- 
sary here to give a full description of Dr. Kohl's report ; 
it will suffice to state that, among other matters, it con- 
tains : 

A history of the Dutch discoveries and of expeditions 
to the regions between Virginia and New England execu- 
ted during the first quarter of the 17th century by Navi- 
gators Hudson, Black, Hendrickson, Christiansen, May, 
Vries, and others. (Part 1st, Chap. 10.) The first part 
has also a map tracing the routes of the principal discov- 
erers, and to all the principal bays, harbors, &c., on the 
coast is appended the names of the principal explorers. 

The /Second part of Dr. Kohl's report contains a 
review of the names on the Atlantic coast ; to every 
name is added an essay or note giving the origin and 
changes of name, its history, &c. Part 1st, Chap. 13, 
gives New Jersey coast from Shrewsbury inlet to Cape 
May ; chapter 14 gives Delaware bay and river. 

The Tliird part contains among other matter a list 
of the titles of books which treat on the history, geog- 
raphy, <fec., of our coast, with critical notices ; also lists 
of maps and surveys ; and has copies of 40 principal 
maps having especial historical interest. 

A copy of so much of Dr. Kohl's report as relates 
to New Jersey would prove a valuable acquisition to our 
Historical Collections. Inasmuch as our Government 
has J9««'^ for his report it should be published. 

SCENES ON THE CO., ST. 

August 5th, 1778. " Lately retaken and brought 
into Little Egg Harbor by two New England privateers 
in company with Capt. John Rice, a brig and a sloop 



OUR COAST. 119 

loaded. Several at the same time taken into Great 
Egg Harbor by the privateer sloop Cornet, Capt. Yel- 
verton Taylor and others." {JV. J. Gazette.) 

" By a gentleman from Egg Harbor we learn that a 
few days since a sloo}) from Jamaica bound to New 
York was l)rought in there. It seems that a nnmber of 
Americans captured at sea and carried to that island had 
been put on board in order to be sent to New York, and 
on their passage rose and secured the master and hands 
and brought the vessel into the above port. She was 
loaded with rum, sugar, etc." 

In November, 1780, several persons were appre- 
hended in Philadelphia, for carrying on a contraband 
trade with the enemy by wa}^ of Egg Harbor vessels. 
Their vessels would clear for Boston but had British 
passports. Among those taken were Capt. James Steel- 
man, John Shaw, Black ; a man named Atkinson 

concerned with them escaped. 

CAPT. WM. M.\.RRINER. 

" June 17th, 1778. Wni. Marriner a volunteer with 
eleven men and Lieut. John Schenck of our militia went 
last Saturday evening from Middletown Point to Long 
Island in order to take a few prisoners from Flatbush, 
and returned with Major Moucrieff and Mr. Theophilus 
Bache (the worshipful Mayor and Tormentor-General, 
David Mathews, Esq., who has inflicted on our prisoners 
the most unheard of cruelties and who was the principal 
object of the expedition being unfortunately in the city,) 
with four slaves and l>rought them to Princeton to be de- 
livered to his Excellency the Governor. Mr. Marriner 
with his party left Middletown Point on Saturday even- 
ing and returned at six o' cloak the next morning having 
traveled by land and water above fifty miles and behaved 
with the greatest bravery and prudence." {Gazette.) 

SCENES ON THE COAST DURING THE REVOLUTION. 

The sloop Susannah, Capt. Stoeker of eight guns and 
thirty-five men, fitted out at Egg Harbor. On the 29th 
of August, 1778, oft' that port fell in with the " Emerald" 
man of war tender, a sloop of 10 guns, when a severe en- 



120 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

gagemeut ensued in whicli the Lieutenant who com- 
manded the tender with several of the crew fell and the 
vessel was only saved by flight. Two vessels under con- 
voy of the tender in the beginning of the action stood to 
the northward and also escaped. Capt. Stoeker during 
the engagement showed the greatest bravery and has 
gained the esteem and confidence of his crew ; he had 
one man killed and six wounded. 

The privateer General Lee came around from Egg 
Harbor on Saturday last. (Packet, Sept. 1778.) 

About the last of September, 1778, a tleet of thirty 
British vessels, and the next day fifty more, sailed south- 
ward along our coast. 

August 2oth, 1779. The Schooner Mars, Capt. Tay- 
lor, took a snino (3 masted vessel) the " Falmouth " (see 
Hist. Coll. p. QQ,) a packet and forty-five prisoners ; but 
the jjrize was retaken by the British ; Capt. Taylor got 
safe into Egg Harbor. In September, 1779, Capt Tay- 
lor took a prize into Egg Harbor, containing a Hessian 
colonel and '214 privates, also dry goods, etc. 

In June, 1779, some Jersej^men went in rowboats to 
Sandy Hook, and took from the British four sIoojds, one of 
which was armed ; they burned three and took one, also 
nineteen prisoners ; the share of prize money was X400, 
per man. 

About December 1st, 1778, Capt. Stevens, in a j^riva- 
teer belonging to Egg Harbor, took the schooner Two 
Friends, Capt. Sion of New York ; the Two Friends had 
six carriage and twelve swivel guns, and twenty-two 
men. 

About September 1st, 1782; Capt. Douglas with some 
Gloucester County militia attacked a Kefugee boat at Egg 
Harbor with eighteen Refugees on board, fourteen of 
whom were shot or drowned, and four escaped. This was 
sujoposed to be the band that robbed Mr. Fennemore, 
Collector of Burlington County. 

Mem. — Very many exploits on our coast have l)een 
2)ublishod in Modern works and are here omitted. 



SCENES IN OLD MONMOUTH. 121 

SCENES IX OLD MONMOUTH. 



Aiiiiust 7tli, 1782. About this time an American 
named Rioliard AVilgus Avas shot AA'hile keeping guard 
below Allentown to prevent contraband goods being 
taken to the British. 

In regard to the attack on C'apt. Huddy's house the 
Philadelphia Packet contains some items not mentioned 
in other accounts. The Parl-ef.^ statements are as rela- 
ted bv Capt. Huddy himself. It says there were seventj-- 
two men attacked him under Lieut. Joseph Parker and 
William Hewlett about an hour before day. They com- 
menced stoning a windoAv to pieces which aroused Capt. 
Huddy; the girl helped defend. Mrs. Huddy and another 
woman tried to induce him to surrender, as they thought 
defence was useless. Tye who is here called " one of 
Lord Dunmore's crew," received a wound. After Huddy 
surrendered, they plundered the house. They were two 
hours in taking Jiim. Six militia came near and fired and 
killed their commander. Ensign Vincent and sixteen 
men of the State regiment attacked them as they em- 
barked and accidentally wounded Huddy ; the tiring- 
made confusion in the boats and one overset and Huddy 
swam ashore. This paper says the Refugees " made a 
silent and shameful retreat with disgrace — two hours for 
seventy-two men to take one' man." 

The Refugee town at Sandy Hook was not allowed 
to remain unmolested by the Americans. Capt. Adam 
Hyler was continually on the alert seizing their vessels 
there and taking prisoners, Arc. 

Of the Pino Robbers such as Fenton, Burke, Fagan, 
and others, it is not necessary here to speak. Accounts 
of them are already published in modern works. 

April, 1870. About the last of April the Refugees 
attacked the house of John Holmes, Tapper Freehold, 
and robbed him of a very large amount of Continental 
money, a silver watcli, gold ring, silver buckles, pistols, 
clothing, &c. 

June 1st, 1780. Colonel Tye (Mulatto) with his 



122 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

motley comi^any, tweiity blacks and whites, carried off as 
prisoners, Captain Barney Smock antl Gilbert Van Ma- 
ter, spiked an iron cannon and took four horses. Their 
rendezvous was said to be Sandy Hook. 

About this time Colonel Tye with sixty Refugees at- 
tacked Captain Huddy's dwelling at Colt's Neck. (See 
Hist. Coll. p. 365.) 

(The Refugees had a settlement or "town" as it was 
often called at Sandy Hook.) 

October loth, 1781. A party of Refugees from Sandy 
Hook landed at night at Shrewsbury and marched undis- 
covered to Colt's Neck and took six prisoners. The alarm 
reached the Court House about 4 or 5 o'clock, P. M., and 
a number of inhabitants, among whom was Dr. Nathaniel 
Scudder, went in pursuit. They rode to Black Point to 
try to recapture the six Americans, and while tiring from 
the bank Dr. Scudder was killed. 

February 8th, 1782. About forty Refugees under 
one Lieut. Steelman came via Sandy Hook to Pleasant 
Valley. They took twenty horses and five sleighs, which 
they loaded with plunder ; they also took several prison- 
ers, viz : Hendrick Hendrickson and his two sons, Peter 
Covenhoven, Esq., Garret Hendrickson, Samuel Bowne 
and son, and Jacques Denise. At Garret Heudrickson's 
a young man named William Thompson got up slyly and 
went off" and informed Captain John Schenck of Colonel 
Holmes' regiment, who collected all the men he could, to 
pursue. They overtook and attacked them, and the be- 
fore mentioned William Thompson was killed, and a Mr. 
Cottrell wounded. They, however, took twelve Refugees 
prisoners, three of whom were wounded. But in return- 
ing they unexpectedly fell in with a party of sixteen men 
under one Stevenson, and a sudden firing caused eight of 
the prisoners to escape. But Captain Schenck ordered 
his men to charge bayonets and this party of Tories sur- 
readered. Captain Schenck retook nineteen horses and 
five sleighs, and took twenty-one prisoners ; among the 
latter were several well known atrocious villains. — 
{Pacl-et.) 



SCENES IN OLD MONMOUTH. 123 

COURT HOUSE IX MONMOUTH. 

Gov. Robert Hunter, in u letter to tlie Board of 
Trade, dated New York, May 7tli, 1711, says : 

" I am directed by your Lordsliips to send you my 
obseryatious ou the past iu New Jersey duriug Col. lu- 
goldsby's administration." After alluding to other mat- 
ters he refers to an act for building and repairing gaols, 
and says " by virtue of this act they have designed a 
Court House in the remotest corner of the county of 
Monmouth which will be a great tax upon the people 
of that county and Avas nieci' party pique." (Was this 
at Freehold ?/ 

OLD SHREWSBURY — FREEHOLD. 

About the year 1703 Col. Lewis Morris sent a memo- 
rial to England for a missionary to l)e sent to East Jer- 
sey", particularly to Shrewsbury. This memorial con- 
tained the following items relating to Middletown and 
Shrewsbury. 

" The population of New Jersey (East Jersey?) is 
about 8,000. Freehold was settled by emigrants from 
Scotland. Mr. Keith (George), began the first settle- 
ment there and made a fine i)lantation. One-half of the 
people were Scotch Presbyterians. There is iu town a 
Quaker meeting house but most of the Quakers had sece- 
ded with Keith. Shrewsbury, he says, was settled by emi- 
grants from New England and New York. There is in it 
about thirty Quakers of both sexes and they have a 
meeting house." 

01dm ixon in 1708 says : 

" Shrewsbury is the most southern town of the ])ro- 
vince and reckoned the chief town of the shire. It con- 
tains about 100 families ; and 30,000 acres of out planta- 
tiojis belong to its division. There is a new town in the 
county called Freehold, whicli lias not been laid out and 
inhabited long. It does not t-ontain as yet above forty 
families." 



124 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ANCIENT MAPS AND CHAETS. 



On ancient maps and charts, wliicli I have liacl op- 
portunity of examining, tlie following items have seemed 
to me worthy of note : 

1G14. The map found hy Brodhead in Holland, sup- 
posed to have been made October 17th, 1611, has upon 
it Eyre Haven, (Egg Harbor,) and north of it an inlet not 
named, meant for Barnegat. The bay now known as 
Barnegat Bay is laid down with islands, rivers, &c. ; so 
fair a representation of Toms River, Forked Eiver, Oys- 
ter Creek and other streams running into it is given that 
it is evident the map was made by actual exploration. 

1616. Capt. Hendrickson's celebrated Figurative 
1616 has but one inlet on our coast, probably meant for 
Egg Harbor and one river. 

1614-21. On a map in the Library of the New Jer- 
sey Historical Society, 1614-21, Barnegat Inlet is given 
as Barendegat. 

1656. A map of 1656 ( Visschers ? ) has Barnegat 
Inlet, called Barndegat and Absecon Inlet also called 
Barndegat. 

1656. Vanderdonck's ma}), 1()56, has only river 
running into Barnegat Bay, and its course southerly ; 
this river is evidently marked at random, not from actual 
exploration. On this map is named a tribe of Indians 
about the lower part of Ocean and Burlington ; this tribe 
is here called "Ermomex;" near the line of Ocean and 
Monmouth is another tribe called the "Aquanachoques." 
Two Indian villages are also laid down, apparently not 
far from the lines of this county ; the northerly village is 
called " Amacaronck ; " the southerly one " Meotam Ka- 
ronck." The tribe of Indians on this map called Ermo- 
mex in other places is called Armeomexs, Erwomee, Ar- 
mowamex, Arwaymons, Arwamex, Armeomeks, A'c. (See 
also Barker's Prim. Settlements on DeL) 

1698. Gabriel Thomas' map, 1698, locates the above 
mentioned Indian village of Amacaronck about (I should 



ANCIENT MAPS AND CHARTS. 125 

suppose) the lieiid of Toms River, aud Meotam Karonck 
probably iu the viciuity of Maurice River. 

One or two writers I notice have doubted whether 

there ever were such vilhiges ; as far as the existence of 

Indian villages is concerned, the travels of Burnyeute 

alone settle that point ; it is immaterial whether or not 

the names are correctly- given, though my impression is 

they could not be far from correct, as the last syllable of 

each name, " ouck," is a word signifying " place," in the 

dialect of the Indians in this section. 

" In Memorv of 

ABRAHAM AYEAIR, 

Died March 'iith, 1768, 

Aged 85 years. 

Whose inoceut life 

Adorned true light." 

Tradition says that Abraham Waeir came from the 
vicinit}- of the Hurl Gate, where he had a mill washed 
away in a storm, and then came aud settled at this place, 
where one or two mills were standing in his time ; and 
that he belonged to a singular religif>us society of which 
notice is given elsewhere. 

Oyster Creek. From the (piantity of oysters iu its 
vicinity. In old deeds this creek is sometimes called 
"McCoys" Creek aud "McCays" Creek. . 

Forh'd Rh-er. From its branches, three in number, 
shaped somewhat like a fork. 

Cedar Creek. From the cedar along its l)anks. 

PotterB Creek. The famil}- of the Potters were among 
the first and principal settlers in its viciuity. The father 
of Thomas Potter, the founder of the Goodluck Univer- 
salist Churt-li, was probably the first. 

Toms liiver. One tradition, quite generally acce[)ted 
in the vicinity, says that it was named after a noted In- 
dian named Tom who resided on an island near its 
mouth, and whose name was said to bo Tliomas Pundia. 
A map or sketch made in 1740 of Moscpiito Cove and 
mouth of Toms River (probably by Surveyor Lawrence), 
has marked on it " Barnegatt Tom's Wigwam," located 
upon north point of Mosqnito Cove. (This map is in pos- 



126 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

session of S. H. Slireve, Esq., Toms River.) Indian Tom, 
it is stated on seemingly good authority, resided on Dil- 
lon's Island, near the mouth of Toms River, during the 
Revolution. As the name " Toms River," is found about 
fifty years before (1727,) it throws some doubt upon the 
statement that the name was derived from him. 

Another tradition, and a more reasonable one, says 
that the place was named after Captain William Tom, a 
noted man along the Delaware from 1664 to 1674. A 
manuscript in the Library of the New Jersey Historical 
Society — I believe the author's name is Henr^^ — says 
the stream was named after Captain William Tom. One 
or two aged citizens who spent much time about Toms 
River about fifty years ago, inform me they saw it also 
stated in old publications at Toms River or vicinity when 
they were there. The manuscript above referred to gives 
a quotation (elsewhere given) from Delaware records 
which, however, is not conclusive. I do not consider the 
facts yet presented on either side give satisfactory rea- 
sons for deciding either way upon the origin of the name. 
I will append some few brief items relating to Captain 
Tom, which show that he was a prominent, trustworthy 
man, at least, whether the place was named after him 
or not. 

Toms River, as has elsewhere been stated, was often 
called Goose Creek. The first time it is called Goose 
Creek ( as far as I have been able to find ) is in a patent 
to Robert Barclay and also one to Dr. Johnson, 1699. 
The last time I have noticed it so called is on Carey's 
map, 1814, where it is called " Goose or Toms Creek." 
Toms River was also sometimes called the " Town of 
Dover" — as in Rivington's Royal Gazette when describ- 
ing Block House affairs. 

Metecuiik. Brick Townshij). Sometimes called Me- 
tedeconk, of Indian derivation, probably from the words 
"Mittig-Conck — a place where there is good, or thrifty, 
or living timber." 

New Kgij^jt. A highly esteemed citizen of this vi- 
cinity gives the following and only account I have heard' 



ANCIENT MAPS AND rHAHTS. 127 

of the origiu of the uaine of this phu-e. A man named 
Cowperthwaite Kimmons, formerly owneil a mill here, 
and the place was called " Kimmons' Mills." From the 
amonut of corn raised and sold in this vicinity, people 
at a distance used to speak jokingly of " going to Egypt 
for corn," and this name thus applied, fiuall}' became 
generally adopted as appropriate for a place so noted 
for corn. 

Colliers Mills. So called after a late proprietor, 
John Collier. Before him the mills were owned by a 
man named Shreves, and then called Shreves' Mills. 

Cassville. After Lewis Cass. This place was for- 
merly called Goshen — (sometimes still called so.) 

Doicnscille. After Samuel Downs, a resident. 

Goodlncl'. Goodluck Point at the mouth of Toms 
River, it is said, was so named by some man in ancient 
times who was pursued by an enemy seeking his life and 
who escaped by swimming his horse across the river ; as 
he landed he called the place " Goodluck," on account of 
his good luck in escaping. The village of Goodluck 
probably derives its name from Goodluck Point. 

Dovhie Creek. This Creek upon which Barnegat 
village is situated derives its name from its double 
mouth — having two mouths about half a mile apart. 

Manoheder. After Manchester in England, proba- 
bly so named by Wm. Torrey, principal proprietor of the 
village. 

Burrsville. After Barzilla Burr, a prominent citi- 
zen there many years ago. 

In regard to the origin of the Indian names in 
Ocean county I do not place much reliance upon the 
definitions given in the before-mentioned manuscript in 
the New Jersey Historical Library. I have given the 
meaning after careful examination of authorities, the 
most satisfactory of which I have found to be School- 
craft in one of the vohimes of the Smithsonian Institute. 

In regard to the Indian word answering to our word 
" place," or locality, I find it variously given in names de- 
rived from the Indians as, convk, hniek, con.k, cvnk, onck^ 



128 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

cmi, OH, uUyOiKj, onk (Algoiiquiu, Saukikan and Moliican.) 

DIFFICULTY OF OBTAINING EARLY HISTORY OF OCEAN COUNTY — 
" GOING OUT WEST." 

About tifty or sixty years ago a large number of 
families from some of the villages along the bay, par- 
ticularly from Goodluck, Cedar Creek, and thereabout, 
removed to Redstone, Pennsylvania, then called " the 
Redstone country," considered and called at that day 
"Out West." 

Among the families who then went were David 
Woodmansee, William Paul, Samuel Pierce, Abel and 
Jonathan Piatt, John Smith, &c. 

About forty years ago a large number of families 
removed from various places in our county to Genesee, 
New York, to Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, and other States. 

The number of " old residents " now living in our 
county is unusually small in proportion to the popula- 
tion ; the reasons are chiefly the removals out of the 
county of one class, and the attention given by so many 
of the remainder to coasting affairs which so notoriously 
shortens life. 

It is stated by Societies in New York and other 
places devoted to benevolent efforts among seamen, that 
the average life of a sailor is but twelve 3'ears, from the 
time he commences following the sea. 

In our county it is a striking fact that out of the 
large proportion of our population engaged in marine 
affairs that it is almost impossible to meet with an old 
sailor or sea captain; I can hardly recall (.nc such, who 
has followed the sea steadily. Accidents and disasters 
at sea, and fevers contracted in Southern ports are the 
occasion of this. 

DIFFICULTY OF OBTAINING HISTORICAL INFORMATION OF OCEAN 

COUNTY. 

Probably no county in the State presents greater 
obstacles in the way of collecting historical information 
than does Ocean county, for the following reasons : 

Our ancient local records are at Freehold, Mon- 



ANCIENT ^lAPS AND CHARTS. 129 

mouth couuty (43 miles from Bariiegut) or at Perth Am- 
boy some 80 or 90 miles distant ; the distance of these 
places, the expensive travelin;^ and other expenses, pre- 
sent one difficulty. 

Public Libraries at New York, Newark, Trenton and 
other places so distant and inconvenient. 

The county of Ocean being one of the largest in 
territory in the State, is one of the most difficult to 
travel, through want of public conveyances, heavy roads, 
S:c., rendering it inconvenient to travel for local tradi- 
tion, <tc. 

Probably fewer old persons, natives of the county, 
reside in Ocean in proportion to the population than in 
any other county in the State. This is owing to the ex- 
tensive emigration twfenty-five to fifty years ago of natives 
of the county to Western States ; and to the fact that so 
many of our citizens are and have been engaged in the 
coasting trade, which so shortens life that it is almost 
impossible to find an old sailor. 

(Many of the families removing West have carried 
family records, family history, &c., with them.) 

RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES IN OCEAN COUNTY. 

The early settlers of Ocean county were chiefly 
Baptists, Quakers, and Presbyterians, or Congregational- 
ists. Before any houses of worship were built in the 
county traveling preachers of various denominations 
would hold forth at private houses, as we find from the 
journals of some of these preachers and from other 
sources. 

From the best information now to be obtained it ap- 
pears that the Jirst house of worship erected in the 
county was the church known as the Baptist Church at 
Mannahawkin. The deed for the land upon which this 
church is situated is dated August 24th, 1758, and from 
the deed it appears that the church was then already 
built. 

The second church built in the county was probably 
the old " Potter Church " at Goodluck, now known as a 
Methodist church. This church was built by Thomas 



130 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Potter, originally as a free church, but subsequently 
given by him to the Universalists with the privilege to 
other societies to hold meetings in it. 

(The history of this church, so remarkable, is 
given; though probably familiar to many, it should 
occupy a prominent place in the history of Ocean county. 
The exact year when it was built is not known, but it 
probably was from 1760 to 1765.) 

The Quaker church at Barnegat comes next. The 
deed for this church is dated June lltli, 1770, and by it 
it appears that this church was also built when the deed 
was made. 

Though these were the first houses of worship built 
in the county, yet there was a religious society at Ware- 
town as early as 1746 ; of what denomination is now un- 
certain. A place of worship at Waretown, it is said, was 
standing about a century ago — ^probably used as a free 
church. 

Though nearly a century ago we find as yet but four 
churches along shore, yet this speaks well for the people 
as we find that there were less than a thousand people, 
men, women, and children, to attend them. 

(Thomas Potter tells Kev. Murray, 1770, that there 
were 700 within twenty miles.) Probably he meant from 
Toms River to Mannahawkin where these churches were. 




THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 

THE KEVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



131 



SOLDIERy OF THE REVOLUTION. 

As, during tlie Revolution, Ocean County was a part 
of Monmoutl), the patriots who served in the army from 
the present county of Ocean were enrolled among others 
of the old county. 

The following is a list of officers and privates of Old 
Monmouth, as stated in General Stryker's Reports of 
Officers and Men of the Revolution : 

Thomas Seabrook, Militia 



OFFICERS. 

DAVID FORMAN, Briga- 
dier General, Jersey Mi- 
litia. 

COLONELS. 

David Brearley, 2d Reg't, 

Monmouth. 
Samuel Breese, 3d Reg't, 

Monmouth. 
John Covenhoven. 
Samuel Forman, 2d Reg't, 

Monmouth. 
Daniel Hendrickson, 3d 

Reg't, Monmouth. 
Asher Holmes, 1st 

Monmouth, and 

troops. 
Elislia LaAvrence, 

Quartermaster.) 
Nathaniel Scudder, 1st Reg. 

Monmouth, killed Octo- 
ber 15, 1781. 
John Smock, 1st Regiment, 

Monmouth. 
George Taylor, detached 

Militia. 

LIEUTENANT COLONELS. 
Thomas Henderson, in Col. 

Forman's battalion. 
Joseph Salter, 2d Regiment, 

Monmouth. 
Elisha Lawrence, 2d Reg't, 

Monmouth. 



Reg't, 
State 

(and 



and State Troops. 

MAJORS. 

John Cook, 2d Reg't, killed 

at Toms River, March 

24,1782. 
Dennis Denise, 3d Reg't. 
Thomas Hunn, 1st Reg't. 
James H. Imlay. 
William Montgomery, 2d 

Reg't. 
James Mott, 2d reg t. 
Heudrick Van Brunt, 3d 

reg't. 
Elisha Walton, 1st Reg t. 
James Whitlock, 1st Reg't. 

ADJUTANTS. 

Anderson Kenneth, 1st reg't, 

Monmouth. 
George Cook. 
Nathan Crane. 
David Rhea, Jr., 1st Reg't. 

QUARTERMASTERS. 

Richard Hartshorne, 1st 

Reg't. 
David Rhea. 
John Stillwell, 1st Reg't. 

PAYMASTERS. 

Peter Covenhoven. 
David Form.m. 

SURGEONS. 

Thomas Barber, 1st Reg't. 



132 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



Jacob Hiil^bard, 1st Reg't, 
Joliii Scuclder, surgeou's 
mate, 1st Heg't. 



CAPTAINS. 

David Auderson. 
George Auderson. 
David Baird, 1st Reg't. 
Joshua Beuuett. 

Brewer. 

Audrew Brown. 

James Bruere, 2d Reg't. 

John Buckalew. 

John Burrows, 1st Reg't. 

John Burrows, Jr., 1st Reg't. 

Samuel Carhart, 1st Reg't. 

Thomas Chad wick, 3d Reg't 

John Colaton. 

John Conover, Militia and 

State troops. 
Joseph Cowperthwaite, 1st 

Reg't. 
Jacob Covenhoven, Light 

Horse, &c. 
Benjamin Dennis, 
John Dennis, 2d Reg't. 
Samuel Dennis, 1st Reg't. 
John Downie, 2d Reg't. 
Stephen Fleming, 3d Reg't. 
Jonathan rorman,l8t Reg't. 
David Gordon, 1st Reg't. 
Guisbert Guisbertsen, 2d 

Reg't. 
Kenneth Hankinson, 1st 

Reg't. 
John Henderson. 
Daniel Hendrickson, Light 

Horse. 
Joshua Hudd}^ Artillery; 

hung by Tories, April 

12, 1782.^ 
David Imlay, Col. Holmes' 

Reg't., <tc. 
Ephraim Jenkins. 
Cliristopher Little. 
Theophilus Little. 



Light 



Thomas Little, 3d Reg't. 

Aaron Longstreet, Lieut., 
Monmouth, and Captain 
in Middlesex Reg't. 

Richard McKnight. 

John Peairs. 

Tobias Polhemus, 1st Regt. 

Nathaniel Polhemus, 

Joseph F. Randolph. 

Reuben F. Randolph. 

William Remson, 
Horse. 

Robert Rhea, 1st Reg't. 

William Schanck, 1st Reg't. 

Moses Sheppard, 1st Reg't. 

Nathan Sheppard, State 
troops. 

Barnes Smock, 1st Reg't. 

Barnes Smock, Jr., Light 
Horse. 

Hendrick Smock, Minute 
man and 1st Reg't. 

Joseph Stillwell, Command- 
ing Guard, Sandy Hook, 
and in Detached Militia. 

Michael Sweetman,lst Reg' t 

- — — Sweetman, 3d Reg't. 

Nicholas Van Brunt, 3d 
Reg't. 

John Van Cleaf. 

William VanCleaf,lst Reg't 

Benjamin Van Cleve (or 
Cleaf,) 1st Reg't. 

William Van Cleve, 1st 
Reg't. 

Joseph Vandike. 
ornelius Van Mater, j 



Cc 






Thomas Waddell. 

Thomas Wainright. 

Louis Walling. 

Thomas Walling, 1st Reg't. 

John Walton, Light Dra- 
goons. 

Peter Wyckoff, 2d Reg't. 

Jaques Denise, Captain, 
Lieutenant, Light Dra- 
goons. 



THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



133 



LIEUTENANTS. 

Thomas Anderson. 
Barnes Bennett. 
John Blake, 1st Regiment. 
John Brinlej, Col. For- 

man's battalion. 
Ei)hraim Buck. 
Job Compton. 
Rulifi" Conover. 
George Cook. 
Thomas Cook, Col. For- 

man's battalion. 
Ralph Covenhoren. 
Rulif Covenhoven. 
James Cox, 1st Reg., and 

State troops. 
John Davis, Capt. Carhart's 

Company. 
Moses Davis, Capt. Hankin- 

son's Company. 
^ Ezekiel Emley. 
Jacob Fleming. 
Samuel P. Fovman. 
Ephraim Foster. 
David Ha}". 
David Heudrickson. 
Abraham Lane. 
Gilbert Longstreet, capt. 

Wyckoff's CO. 
Chas. McCoy, capt. Bruere's 

CO. 

Abraham Osboru. 

John Quay. 

Anthony Reckless, sappers 
and miners, cont'l arm}^ 

DaAdd Rhea, light horse. 

Ezekial Sayre. 

Samuel Sexton. 

Henry Smock. 

Henry Stryker, captain 
Smock's light dragoons. 

Joshua Studsou, capt. Jen- 
kins' CO., killed Dec. 1780. 

Jacob Ten Eyck, capt. Car- 
hart's CO. 

Hendrick Van Brunt, Jr., 3d 
reg't. 



Hendrick Yanderveer. 
James Wall, capt. Smock's 

light dragoons. 
John Whitlock, 1st reg't, 

killed Feb. 13, 1777. 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS. 

Jeremiah Chadwick, capt. 

Chad wick's co., 3d reg't. 
John Craig, capt. Elisha 

Walton's CO. 
Auke Hendrickson, capt. 

Wykoff's CO. 
Garret Hendrickson, capt. 

Wm. Schenck's co. 
Isaac Imlay. ^ 

Lawrence Taylor. 
Jacob Tice, capt. Hume and 

John Schenck's co's. 
John Walton, capt. Hankin- . 

son's CO. 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 

Peter Conney. 

Joseph Cosgreve. 

Beuja'n Covenhoven, capt. 
Hendrick Smock's co. 

John Conrad, capt. Wyck- 
off's CO. 

Thomas Edwards. 

David Forman, capt. Elisha 
Walton's CO. 

Jonathan Holmes, capt. 
Burrowes' co. 

James Wall, Wm. Schenck's 

CO. 

ENSIGNS. 

John Buckalew. 

James Craig, capt. Walton's 
light dragoons. 

Nathaniel Davidson, capt. 
WyckotF's CO. 

Morris DeHart, capt. Chad- 
wick's CO. 

John Errickson, 1st reg't. 

William Hillyer. 

John Hutch, capt. Wyck- 
off's CO. 



134 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



Ezekiel Imlay, capt. Hau- 

kinsou's co. 
William Imlay. 
Lambert Jolinson, capt. 

Barnes Smock's co. 
Matthias Jolinson, capt. 

Carliart's Co. 
Jesse Marsli, capt. Reuben 

Randolph's co. 
John Morris, capt. Walton's 

state troops. 
John G. Schenck, capt. 

Huun's CO. 
Peter Vanderhoof, capt. 

Samuel Carliart's co. 
, Job Walton, capt. Hankin- 

son's CO. 
Ephraim Whitlock, Heard's 

brigade. 
Jonathan Forinau, coronet, 

capt. Walton's co. 

SERGEANTS. 

Jacob Allen, capt. Car- 
hart's CO. 

Tunis Aumock, capt. Barnes 
Smock's CO. 

John Brii>e, Lieut. Jacob 
Tice's CO. 

JohnChasey, capt. Walton's 
light dragoons. 

Geo. Collins, capt. Bruere's 

CO. 

Joseph Combs, capt. Wal- 
. ton's light horse. 

/ Lewis Covenhoven, light 

horse. 
I Theodorus Covenhoven, 
capt. Hankinson's co. 

David Craig, capt. Walton's 
light horse. 

John Emeus ( Emmons ? ) 
capt. Hunn's co. 

Tennis Form an. 

William Forman, capt. Han- 
kinson's CO. 

William Gradin, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO. 



James Herbert, capt. Han- 
kinson's CO. 

John Hoff, capt. Samuel 
Dennis' co. 

Robert James, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO. 

Peter Johnson, capt. Wal- 
ton's light horse. 

Richard Laird, capt. Wal- 
ton's light horse. 

David Landen, capt. Hud- 
dy's artillery. 

Samuel Leonard, capt.Wad- 
dell's CO. 

Wm. Lloyd, capt. Baird's co. 

Alexander Low. 

James Newell. 

Rich'd Pittinger, capt. Wal- 
r ton's CO. ( 

Uohn Reid, capt. Hankinl 

"^ son's CO. / 

John Rhea, capt. Walton's 
troop. 

John Russell, capt. Walton's 
troop. 

Elislia Sheppard, c pt. 
Huun's CO. 

Henry Strieker, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop. 

Derrick Siitphen, captains 
Waddell and Smock. 

Sam'l Throckmorton, cap. 
Waddell's co. 

Hendrick Vanderbelt, capt. 
Samuel Dennis' co. 

Tunis Vanderveer, captain 
Barnes Smock's co. 

Cort. Van Koyor, captain 
Hunn's co. 

Wm. Walton, capt. Bruere's 

CO. 

John Willett. 

Abraham Wolley, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop. 

CORPORALS. 

Joseph Bowne, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO. 



THE KEVOLUTIONARY WAlt. 



135 



Henry Frease, captain 

Breure's co. 
William Haiikiiisou, capt. 

Hankiusou's eo. 
Geo. Mount, capt. Bruere's 

CO. 

Burns Morris, capt. Car- 
hart's CO. 

Samuel Osbone, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO. 

Derrick Sipplieu (Sutplien,) 
capt. Hunu's co. 

John Throckmorton, capt. 
Waddell's co. 

Henry A'unck. 

Wm. Wickoff, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO. 

MUSICIANS. 

Jas. Kilpatrick, drummer, 

2d reg't and cont'l army. 
Samuel Smith, drummer, 

capt. Carhart's co. 
Aaron Forman, drummer, 

capt. Waddell's co. 
Joshua Solovan (Sullivan,) 

fifer, capt. Waddell's co. 
Eobert Dunn, bugler, capt. 

Walton's CO. 

PRIVATES. 

William Aikers, also cont'l 
arm J. 

David Allen. 

John Allen, also cont'l army. 

Judah Allen. 

Nathan Allen. 

David Amey, also conti- 
nental army. 

Elijah Anderson. 

John Anderson. 

John Anderson, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't, Mon- 
mouth. 

Tunis Anderson, capt. Sam- 
iiel Dennis' co., 1st reg't, 
Monmouth. 

William Anderson. 



Daniel Applegate, Matross, 
capt. Huddy's co., artil'}-, 
state troops, also cont'l 
army. 

John A})plegate. 

Kobert Applegate, captain 
Hankinson's co.,lst reg't, 
Monmouth. , 

William Applegate. 

James Arwin, cai)t. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

John Arwin, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons, 
Monmcnith. 

Robert Ashton, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

Jacob Atten. 

Jno. Aumock, Matross, capt. 
Barnes Smock's co. art'3% 
Monmouth. 

John Aumock. 

^Villiam Aumock. 
rRichard Ayres^ 

ok)natlian Bailey. 

Obadiah Baird. 

John Baley (or Baily,) 2d 
reg't, Monmouth ; also 
continental army. 

David Barkelow. 

James Bates. 

William Beck, 3d reg't. 

Joel Beedle. 

Thomas Beedle, 1st reg't, 
Monmouth. 

Piichard Benham. 

Edward Bennett. 

Jacob ]3ennett. 

Jeremiah ^Bennett, 2d reg't, 
Monmouth ; also, cont'l 
army. 

John Bennett, Lieut. Barnes 
Smock's troop, light dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

Walter Berdine, lieut. Tice's 
CO., 1st reg't, Monmouth. 



136 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



Hejiry Berry. 

John Berry. 

James Bird. 

William Bird. 

Walter Bodine, capt. Car- 
liart's CO., 1st reg't, Mon- 
mouth. 

Samuel Bogart. 

Bedford Bolteuliouse. 

Coleman Boman. 

Jesse Borden. 

John Borden. 

William Borden. 

Wm. Bostwick, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't, Mon- 
mouth. 

John Baulser. also cont'l 
army. 

John Bowers. 

John Bowmen, capt. Hunn's 
CO., 1st reg't, Monmouth. 

David Bowne. 

Elias Bowne. 

Joseph Bowne. 

Peter B(nvne, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't, Mon- 
mouth. 

Samuel Bowne. 

John Brand. 

Isaac Braisted, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

JohnBrearley, 2d regiment, 
Monmouth. 

John Breese, also cont'l 
army. 

Jacob Brewer. 

John Brewer, capt. Hunn's 
CO., 1st reg't, Monmouth. 

George Brinley. 

Jacob Brinley, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

William Brinley. 

Abraham Britton, capt. Ja- 
cob Tice's CO., 1st reg't, 
Monmouth. 



Israel Britton, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't, Mon- 
mouth. 

Absalom Broderick. 

W'm Broderick, also cont'l 
army. 

Jonathan Brooks, captain 
Hankinsou's co., 1st reg't, 
Monmouth. 

Abraham Brewer. 

David Brown, capt. Bruere's 
CO., Monmouth. 

John Brown. 

Samuel Brown, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

William Brown, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

John Bruer, capt. Hunn's 
CO., 1st reg't, Monmouth. 

William Bryant ; also con- 
tinental army. 

Samuel Buckalew, capt. 
Walton's troop, light 
dragoons, Monmouth. 

Eamoth Bunting, 1st reg't, 
Monmouth ; also cont'l 
army. 

Joseph Burd; also cont'l 
army. 

Bichard Burd; also cont'l 
army. 

William Burden, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

Samuel Burk. 

Joseph Camburn, captain 
Eeuben Iiand<jlph's co., 
Monmouth. 

John Campbell, capt. AVad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't, Mon- 
mouth. 

Thomas Carhart. 

Robert Carhart. 

Uriah Carl, lieut. J. Tice's 
CO., 1st reg't, Monmouth. 



THE EEVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



13-; 



Adriiiu Carle. 

Francis Carlton. 
* Daniel Carman. 

Elijah Carman. 

Nathaniel Carman. 

Ebenezer Carr, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light (Ira- 
goons, Monmonth. 

Adrian Carroll, 1st reg't, 
Monmouth; also conti- 
nental army. 

Wm. Case, Matross, capt. 
Hnddy's co. 

John Cavaua, also Conti- 
nental army. 

Thomas Chaffey. 

Aaron Chamberlain. 

Henry (^h amber! ain. 

Thomas Chaml)erlain, capt. 
ReuV)en Randolph's co., 
Monmouth. 

James Chambers, also Con- 
tinental army. 

John Chambers, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

Robert Chambers, captain 
Bruere's co., Monmouth. 

William Chambers. 

William Cheeseman. 

John Childerhouse, also 
Continental army. 

Alexander Clark, captain 
Hunn's co., 1st reg't., 
Monmouth ; killed atMid- 
dletown, Feb. llJth, 1777. 

Alexander Clark, lieu't J. 
Tice's CO., 1st reg't, Mon- 
mouth. 

William Clark, capt. Bru- 
ere's CO., Monmouth. 

Asher Clayton, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Cornelius Covenhoven (1), 
cai)t. Carhart's co., 1st 
re'i't. 



Nicholas Clark. 

Cornelius Covenhoven (2), 
capt. Carhart's co., 1st 
reg't. 

Cornelius Covenhoven, cap- 
tain Hankin!?on's co., 1st 
reg-"t. 

David Covenhoven. 

Garret Covenhoven, capt. 
Carhart's co., 1st reg't. 

Isaac Covenhoven, captain 
Hankinson'sco., 1st reg't. 

Jacob Covenhoven, captain 
Hunn's co., 1st regt. 

Job Covenhoven, capt. Hau- 
kinson's co., 1st regt. 

John Covenhoven, captain 
Hunn's co., 1st regt. 

John Covenhoven, ca],)tain 
Walt()n's troop, light 
dragoons, lieut. Smock's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Joseph Covenhoven. 

Matthias Covenhoven, capt. 
Samuel Dennis' co.. 1st 
reg't. 

Ruliff Covenhoven, ca])tain 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons, capt. Hankinson's 
CO., 1st regt. 

Theodosius Covenhoven, 
capt. Walton's troop, light 
dragoons. 

William ('Oveuhoven, lieut. 
Barnes Smock's troop, 
light dragoons. 

William Covenhoven, capt. 
Hankinson's co., 1st reg't. 

Adrian Covert, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't. 

Ben. Covert, capt. Walton's 
troop, light (Iragoous. 

Wm. Covert, capt. Hunn's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

Wm. Covert, Matross, capt. 
Barnes Smock's co., ar- 
tillery. 



138 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



Bunyau Covert. 

Joseph Coward, also, Con- 
tinental army. 

Samuel Coward. 

Asher Cox., 

-John Compton, 1st reg't, 
also Continental army. 

Joseph Compton. 

"jewis Compton, capt. Eli- 
sha Walton's co., 1st 
reg't. 

^/^liomas Coner, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't. 

Hendrick Conk. 

John Conk. 

John Connelly, 1st reg't, 
also Continental army. 

Matthew Connet, capt. Han- 
kinson's co., 1st reg't. 

Elias Conover (1) capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Elias Conover (2) captain 
Waddell's co., 1st reg't. 

John N. Conover. 

William Conover, captain 
Waddell's co., 1st reg't. 

Levi Conro. 

Thomas Convey. 

George Cook, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

George Cook, captain Han- 
kinson's co., 1st reg't. 

George Cook, captain Han- 
kinson's co., 1st reg't. 

Peter Cook, captain John 
Schenck's co., 1st reg't. 

Thomas Cook. 

William Cook. 

James W. Cooper, captain 
Samuel Dennis' co., 1st 
reg't. 

Joseph Coperat, capt. Han- 
kinson's co., 1st reg't. 

David Coslick. 

Eleazer Cottrell. 

Thos. Cottrell, lieut. Jacob 
Tice's CO., 1st reg't. 



Nicholas Cottrell. 

William Cottrell. 

Albert Covenhoveu. 

Benjamin Covenhoven,capt. 
Hunn's co., 1st reg't, dis- 
charged. 

Asher Clayton, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Elijah Clayton. 

John Clayton, capt. Wal- 
ton's trooj^, light dra- 
goons. 

Jonathan Clayton, captain 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Jonathan Clayton, captain 
Waddell's co., 1st reg't. 

Joseph Clayton. 

John Clayton. 

Robert Clayton, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Zebnlon Clayton. 

George Clinton, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Jacob Coral, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons, 
capt. Hankinson's co., 1st 
reg't. 

David Cook, capt. AValton s 
troop, light dragoons. 

William Cole, 1st reg't ; 
died March 15th, 1778, 
while prisoner. 

John Collins, capt. Samuel 
Dennis' co., 1st reg't. 

James Colvin. 

James Colvin,capt. Bruere's 

CO. 

Isaac Combs. 

John Combs, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Joseph Combs, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
a'oous. 



THE REVOLUTIONARY AVAR. 



139 



Robert Commins, eapt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

(xeorge Corapton, 1st reg't 
also State troops, also 
Coutiuental army. 

Jacob Compton. 

James Comptou, capt. Brii- 
ere's co. 

James Comptou, 1st reg't, 
also State troops, also 
Continental army. 

Job Compton. 

John Compton, capt. Bru- 
ere's co. 

James Cox. 

John Craig, capt. Walton's 
troops, light dragoons. 

John Craig, capt. Waddell's 
CO., 1st leg't. 

Samuel Craig. 

Seth Crane, captain Ran- 
dolph's CO. 

Silas Crane, 2d reg't, also 
Continental army. 

William Craven, 1st reg't, 
also Continental army. 

James Crawford, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't, killed 
Feb. 13th, 1777, at Mid- 
dletowu. 

Stephen Crawford. 

William G. Crawford, capt. 
Waglum's CO., 2d reg't, 
also Middlesex. 

AVilliam Cufiey (Indian), 2d 
reg't, Continental army. 

James Dane, Hunterdon. 

Joseph Dane, 1st reg't, also 
Continental army. 

John Davis. 

Joseph Davis, 1st reg't, 
died while prisoner, M'ch 
11, 1777. 

James Davison, ca])t. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
<roons. 



Richard Cummins. 

Robert Cummins. 

John Davison, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

William Davison, captain 
Hankinson's co., 1st reg't. 

Matthew Dean, capt. Sam- 
uel Dennis' co., 1st reg't. 

James Denight, also Conti- 
nental o.rmy. 

John Denight, also Conti- 
nental army. 

Daniel Denise, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Joseph Dennis. 

Phillip Dennis, capt. Bru- 
ere's co. 

John Dey. 

Josiah Dey. 

Cyrus Dey, capt. Hankin- 
son's CO., 1st reg't. 

Samuel Disbrow, Middle- 
sex. 

John D. Disbrow, infantry 
and artillery. 

David Dodge, Matross, cap- 
tain Huddy's CO., artillery 
State troops. 

Cornelius Doren, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't. 

Nicholas Doren, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't. 

Benjamin Dorsett. 

John Dorsett. 

Joseph Dorsett, capt. Den. 
nis' CO., 1st reg't. 

Samuel Dorsett. 

James Dorsett. 

Linton Df)ughty. 

John Driskey, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

John Driskell. 

Andrew Drumn. 

Christian Drumn, 3d regt, 
rdso Continental arm v. 



140 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



J 



Manasali Duuliam, captain 
Carhart's cc, 1st regt. 

Samuel Duulop, also Con- 
tinental army. 

William Dnvinney. 

Peter Eakman. 

John Eaton. 

James Edsall, Matross, cap- 
tain Huddy's co. 

John Eldridge. 

Ezekiel Embley, capt. Han- 
kiuson's co., 1st regt. 

Jonathan Emley, captain 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Joseph Emley. capt. Wal- 
toon's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Abraham Emmons, captain 
Hunn's co., Ist regt., also 
State troops, also Con- 
tinental army. 

Amos Emmons. 

Jesse Emmons. 

John Emmons, capt. Hunn's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

Ezekiel Emmons. 

Peter Emmon's, captain 
Hunn's co., 1st regt. 

James English. 

Errick Errickson. 

Michael Errickson. 

Thomas Errickson. 

John Ervin. 

John Erwin, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Stephen Essick, also Con- 
tinental army. 

William Evengew. 

John Everingham. 

Nathaniel Everingham. 

Thomas Everingham. 

John Farr, Matross, capt. 
Huddy's co., artillery, 
State troops ; killed at 
Toms Eiver, March 24, 
1782. 



William Fary, Continental 
army. 

George Eenton. 

Thomas Eenton. 

Nathaniel Ferris, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

William Ferris, capt. Wal- 
ton's troops, light dra- 
goons. 

Absalom Ferroll. 

Henry Fisher. 

James Fitzsimmons, capt. 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Jacob Fleming. 

Dennis Forman, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st. regt. 

Jonathan Forman, captain 
Waddell's co., 1st regt. 

Samuel Forman, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st regt. 

William Forman, capt. Wal- 
ton's light dragoons. 

John Freeman, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Phillip Freeman,, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st regt. 

Hendrick Friend, 1st regt. 

James Frisalear. 

Thomas Gavan, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st regt. 

Garret. Garrison, capt. Sam- 
uel Dennis' -co., 1st regt. 

Daniel Gaston. 

William Gaston. 

Joseph Giberson, capt. B. 
Dennis' co. 

John Gill, 1st regt., also 
Continental army. 

Peter Gillidet, 1st regt., al- 
so Continental army. 

Charles Gillman, 1st regt. 

Charles Gilmore. 

Ebenezer Gollahar. 

Lewis Gollahar. 



THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



141 



Peter Gordon. 

James Gore, capt. Walton's 

troop, li<flit (tragoons. 
Daniel Greenwood, also 

Continental army. 
John Gregory. 
Eddy Grifty, capt. Bruere's 

CO. 

Matthew Griggs. 

Thomas Griggs, capt. Han- 
kinson's co., 1st reg. 

George Gromes, also Con- 
tinental army. 

Benjamin Guyneh, also Con- 
tinental army. 

Dollwyn Hagamau. 

John Hagerty. 

George Hailey. 

Da\dd Hall, capt. Bruere's 
CO., also cont'l army. 

Jacob Hall, 1st reg't, also 
Cont'l army. 

John Hall, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

William Hall, 3d reg't, also 
State troops, wounded at 
Middletown, June 22d, 
1781, also cont'l army. 

Josiah Halstead, 3d reg't, 
also State troops, also 
cont'l army. 

James Hampton. 

John Hampton, 1st reg't, 
also cont'l army. 

John Handrix, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Daniel Hankins, 1st reg't, 
also State troops, also 
cont'l army. 

Joseph Hankins, 1st reg't, 
also cont'l army. 

Thomas Hankins. 

James Hankinson, c a p t. 
Walton's troop, light 
dragoons. 

John Hankinson, capt. 
Waddell's co., 1st reg t. 



William Hankins. 

Reuben Hankinson, capt. 
Waddell's co., 1st reg't. 

AVilliam Hankinson, capt. 
Walton's troop, 1 i g li t 
dragoons. 

Samuel Hanzey. 

John Harber. 

James Harbert, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Daniel Harbert, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

John Harbert. 

William Harcourt. 

John Harker. 

Edmond Harris, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

George Harrison. 

Job Harrison. 

Ebenezer Hart, Matross, 
capt. Barnes Smock's co., 
artillery. 

Jesse Havens. 

Moses Havens. 

Daniel Hayes, capt. Han- 
kinson's co., 1st reg't. 

John Hayes. 

William Hays, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light horse. 

Joseph Heaviland, 1st reg't, 
also cont'l army. 

Job Heaviland, 1st reg't, 
also cont'l army. 

Samuel Heingey, Matross, 
capt. Barnes Smock's co., 
artillery. 

David Hinderson. 

John Hinderson, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light d r a- 
goons. 

Abraham Hendricks on, 
capt. Hunn's co.,lst reg't. 

Abram Hendrickson, Ma- 
tross, Captain Barnes, B. 
Smock's CO., artillery. 



142 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



C ornelius Hendrickson. 

Daniel Heudrickson, Capt. 
Walton's troop light dra- 
goons. 

Elias Hendrickson, Captain 
Walton's troop light dra- 

. goons. 

Hendrick He n d r i c k s o n, 
Capt. Carhart's co., 1st 
reg't, also troop light 
horse. 

John Hendrickson, Matross 
Capt. Barnes Smock's co., 
artillery. 

William Hendrickson. 

James Herbert, troop light 
horse. 

Thomas Herbert. 

James Hibbetts, 1st reg't, 
died while prisoner, June 
1st, 1780. 

William Hier. 

John Hight, Capt. Walton's 
troop light dragoons. 

James Hill, also State 
troops. 

John Hill. 

Jonathan Hillow, also Con- 
tinental arm3^ 

William Hilsey. 

John Hilyer. 

Simon Hilyer. 

John Hires, Capt. Hunn's 
CO., 1st regiment. 

James Hoaglaud, Matross, 
capt. B. Smock's co., ar- 
tillery. 

Anthony Holmes. 

John Holmes. 

Stout Holmes, 

William Holmes. 

Edward Hopkins. 

Samuel Horner, 

Benj. Horton. 

Jacobus Hubbard. 

David Hubbs, 1st reg't, also 
Continental army. 



John Huggins, capt. Bru- 
ere's co. 

Marties Hulebart, captain 
Carhart's co., 1st regt. 

Matthew Huln. 

William Huln. 

Benjamin Hulsart, 1st reg't. 

Cornelius Hulsart. 

Cornelius H. Hulsart, 1st 
regiment. 

Matthew Hulsart, Lieut. 
Tice's CO., 1st reg't. 

William Hulsart. 

Timothy Hulse, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't. 

John S. Hunn. 

William Hurley. 

Jonathan Imlay. 

Robert Imlay. 

James Irons. 

Jonathan Isleton, 1st reg't 
also cont'l army. 

Abel Ivins, also Continen- 
tal army. 

Solomon Ivins, 1st reg't. 
State troops. Continental 
army. 

Hugh Jackson, capt. Bru- 
ere's co. 

William James. 

Francis Jeffre}'. 

Humphrey Jeffrey, capt. 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

John Jemison, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, also Continental 
army. 

John Jewell, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

John Jewell, capt. Hankin- 
son's CO., 1st reg't. 

Robert Jobes, capt. Wal-. 
ton's troop, light d r a- 
goons. 

David Johnson, c a p t. R. 
Randolph's co. 



THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



143 



Heiirv Johnson, 1st YOfy't. 

John Jolinson, capt. Barnes 
Smock's CO., Isfc regiment, 
taken prisoner February 
18th, 1777 ; died w h i 1 e 
prisoner. 

Josepli Johnson, c a p t. S. 
Dennis' co., 1st reg't. 

Peter Johnson, 1st reg't. 

William Johnson, (1) capt. 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons, 

William Jolinson, (2) capt. 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Abraham Jolinson. 

Hendrick Johnston. 

John Johnston. 

Joseph Johnston. 

William Johnston. 

Henry Jones, 1st reg't, also 
State troops, also cout'l 
army. 

James Jones, capt. Jacol) 
Ten Eyck's co., 1st reg't. 

Jonathan Jones, 1st reg't, 
also State troops, also 
cont'l army. 

Michael Jordan, 1st reg't, 
also cont'l army. 

John Kelsey. 

Ebenezar Kerr. 

Walter Kerr, also contin'l 
army. 

Watson Kerr, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag' lis. 

William Kerr, capt. Hank- 
inson's co., 1st regiment. 

William Kerrill. 

George Kincard, continent! 
army. 

James Kinsley. 

James Kinsley, Matross, 
capt. Huddy's co. artil- 
lery. State trf)ops ; killed 
at Toms River, March 
24th, 1782. 



Joseph Knox, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Robert Laird, lient. Barnes 
Smock's CO., light drag's. 

William Laird, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag'ns. 

John Lake, capt. Hunn's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

Aaron Lane, 1st regiment, 
wounded July, 1778. 

Jacob Lane. 

William Lane. 

William Lard, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Daniel Lawrence, captain 
Waddell's co., 1st reg't. 

Richard Leard, capt. Hank- 
inson's co., 1st reg't. 

William Leard, capt. Hank- 
iuson's CO., 1st reg't. 

John Lee, 1st reg't, also 
cont'l army. 

John Leistel. \^ 

Isaiah Lemon. \ 

Thomas Lemmon.\ 
HVilliam Lec[ueax^' 

Thomas Letson. 

John Letts, 1st reg't, also 
cont'l army. 

Nehemiah Letts. 

Richard Levings, lieutenant 
Tice's CO. 

Ezekiel Lewis, Matross, 
capt. Barnes Smock's 
CO., artillery. 

Thomas Linsey. 

Jacob Li]i})inc()tt, captain 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons, also cont'l army. 

William Lippincott, capt. 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

David Lloyd, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Thomas Lloyd. 

Aaron Longstreet, captain 
Waddell's co., 1st reg't. 



144 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



JolmLougstreet, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Stoffel Logan. 

David Lord, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Jolm Luif, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

William Luis (or Lewis), 
capt. Hankinson's co., 1st 
reg't. 

Thomas Lnker. 

John Magee, lieut. Tice's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

Andrew Mains, 1st reg't, 
wounded atGermantown, 
Oct. 4th, 1777. 

William Mains. 

Andry Mans, capt. Hunn's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

James Marsh, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't. 

William Martin, continental 
army. 

Joseph Mason, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag'ns. 

Moses May. 

Jolm McBride, cont'l army. 

James McChesney. 

Stephen McCormick, capt. 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Cornelius McDaniel, 1st 
reg't, also cont'l army. 

Benjamin McDonald, cont'l 
army. 

James McDuffee, Matross, 
capt. Barnes Smock's co., 
artillery. 

Robert McDuffee. 

William McDougal. 

James McGee, 1st reg't, 
also capt. Wittall's co., 
State troops; also cont'l 
army. 

Joseph McKnight. 

Daniel McLaughlin, cont'l 
army. 



John McMullen. 

Lewis McKnight, captain 
Hankinson's co., 1st reg't. 

Thomas Middleton, captain 
Walton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Thomas Middleton. 

Frederick Miller, captain 
Bruere's co. 

James Mitchell, Matross, 
capt. Huddy's co., artil- 
lery. State troops. 

Gideon Molatt, cont'l army. 

Caleb Moore, cont'l army. 

Edward Moore, capt. Sam- 
uel Dennis' co., 1st reg't. 

John Moore. 

Joseph Moore. 

Matthias Moore, 1st reg't, 
also continental army. 

Thomas Moore, 1st reg't, 
also State troops, also 
continental army. 

John Morford, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

John Morford, capt. Han- 
kinson's CO., 1st reg't. 

Enoch Morgan, 1st reg't. 

Jas. Morgan, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

John Morris, Matross, capt. 
Huddy's co. 

Robert Morris, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't, also 
continental army. 

Daniel Morrison. 

William Morrison, captain 
Hankinson's co., 1st reg't. 

Jesse Mount, capt. Baird's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

Moses Mount, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, also infantry. 

John Mullen, 3d reg't, also 
State troops, also cont'l 
army. 



THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



145 



Nathaniel Mouut. 

Joseph Murray, 3d reg't, 
killed ))Y Tories at Mid- 
dletowu; June 8th, 1780. 

Christian Naberliug, conti- 
nental army. 

John Nance, cout'l army. 

John Nestor. 

Hugh Newell, capt. Bruere's 

/' CO. 

,' William Newman, 1st reg't, 
also State troops, alsoj 
continental army. -^ 

John Niyerson, capt. Bur- 
ro\yes' co. 1st reg't ; Ma-- 
tross, capt. Hudd3''s co., 
artillery State troops ; 
Matross, captain Barnes 
Smock's CO., artillerj-. 

Nathan Nivison. 

Burrows Norris. 

John North. 

William Ogborn, lieutenant 
Barnes Smock's troop, 
light dragoons. 

Robert Oglesbie. 

Henry O'Neal continental 
army. 

John ()'Neal. 

John Otson, 1st reg't, also 
State troops, also conti- 
nental army. 

Conrad Oyerfelt, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Henry Oyerteur. 

Timothy Page. 

Samuel Pairs. 

Philip Palmer, 2d reg't, also 
continental army. 

Limis Paugborn, killed at 
Manahawken, New Jer- 
sey, Dec. 30, 1781. 

Nathaniel Pangborn. 

Elisha Parker. 

George Parker, Matross, 
capt. Huddy's co., artil- 
lery, State troops. 



Joseph Parker. 

Jolm Parker, Matross, ca})t. 
Huddy's CO. 

Mark Parker. 

John Parrent, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Robert Parrent, capt. Bru- 
ere's CO. 

John Parse, 1st reg't. 

Jonathan Parse, 1st reg't. 

Jolm Parsons, 2d reg't, also 
continental army. 

Jolm Patton. 

Benjamin Paul, Ca])t. Bur- 
rows' CO., 1st reg't, capt. 
Wikoff's CO., 2d reg't. 

Wm. Paxon, capt. Bruere's 

CO. 

Samuel Pearce, lieutenant 
Barnes Smock's troop, 
light horse. 

William Pearce, 3d reg't, 
also State troop, also con- 
tinental army. 

Samuel Pease. 

Samuel Peep, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Jonathan Peer, 1st reg't, 
also t'Ontiuental army. 

Herm Peet. 

Jonathan Peirce. 

Samuel Peirce, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't. 

Henry Perrine. 

Job Perrine, capt. Haidviu- 
son's CO., 1st reg't. 

Lewis Perrine, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Silas Perrine, capt. Han- 
kinson's co., 1st reg't. 

Samuel Perse, capt. . Wal 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Ilol)ert Pette, cHi)t. Nixon's 
trooi)s, light horse. 



146 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



James Perriue. 

Jouatlian Pettemore, capt. 
Huddy's cc, State troops. 

Richard Pettenger. 

Joseph Pew. 

John Phillips, continental 
army. 

Joseph Phillips. 

David Philmelie. 

Abraham Philwell, captain 
Keen's co., State troops, 
also boatman. 

David Philwell, Matross, 
capt. Barnes Smock's co., 
artillery. 

Isaac Pidgeru, capt. Bru- 
ere's co. 

Jonathan Pierce, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st regt. 

Thomas M. Pike. 

Samuel Pittenger, captain 
Waddell's co., 1st reg't. 

Francis Piatt. 

James Polhemus. 

Lefford Polhemus. 

Nathan Polhemus. 

Pichard Poling. 

Samuel Poling. 

John Porter. 

George Post, 1st reg't. 

Chas. Pas tens. State troo23s. 

Jacob Pastens, State troops, 
also, wagonmaster. 

Charles Paster, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, liglit dra- 
goons. 

Richard Pastley, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag'ns. 

Paul Potter. 

Reuben Potter. 

William Potts, cont'l army. 

John Preston. 

Joseph Preston, 1st reg't, 
also cont'l army. 

Adam Primmer. 

Richard Purdy, captain 
Bruere's co. 



John Price. 

Peter Quackeubush, capt. 
Hunn's co., 1st reg't. 

David Queen, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag'ns. 

David Quin. 

James Randolph. 

Samuel Randolph. 

David Ray, capt. Waddell's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

Robert Reckless, wounded 
at Cedar Creek, December 
27th, 1782. 

Aaron Reed, capt. Haukin- 
son's CO., 1st reg't. 

Aaron Reed, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Job Reed (or Reid), capt. 
Hankinson's co., 1st reg't. 

John Reed, infantry, light 
horse. 

Hosea Reeves. 

John Reid, Matross, capt. 
Barnes Smock's co., artil- 
lery. 

Jonathan Reid, Matross, 
capt. Barnes Smock's co., 
artillery. 

James Reynolds. 

John Reynolds (substitute), 
1st reg't. 

Robert Rhea, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag'ns. 

William Ribeth, continental 
army. 

John Richardson. 

George Rivets. 

Joseph Robbins. 

Moses Robbins, Matross, 
capt. Huddy's co., artil- 
lery. State troops, wound- 
ed at Toms River, March 
24th, 1782; cont'l army. 

William Robbins. 

Matthew Roberts, captain 
Carhart's co., 1st reg't, 
State troops. 



THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



147 



Mutthew Roberts, lieuten't 
Tice's CO., 1st reg't. 

Thomas Roberts, capt. Car- 
liart's CO., 1st reg't. 

Ednniud Robinson. 

Samuel Rogers, lieut. Tice's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

James Rogers. 

Richard Rogers. 

Philip Roler, 3d reg't, also 
State troops ; also, cont'l 
army. 

William Rolls. 

William Rooler. 

Joseph Rose. capt. Walton's 
troop, light horse. 

Thomas Rostoinder, Ma- 
tross, capt. Huddy's co., 
artillery, State troops. 

Henry Rue, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Job Rue, capt. Haukinson's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

Matthew Rue, capt. Hauk- 
inson's CO., 1st reg't. 

John Rue, ca})t. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Matthew Rue, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Matthias Rue, ensign, W^al- 
ton's CO., 1st reg't, died at 
New York, Feb. 28th, 
1777, while prisoner of 
war. 

William Rue, capt. AVal- 
ton's troop, light drag'ns. 

John Rue, captain Samuel 
Dennis' co., 1st reg't. 

John Ruff, captain Samuel 
Dennis' co., 1st reg't. 

Benjamin Salter, Eastern 
battalion ; killed Septem- 
ber 6th, 177'.). 

William Sanford, 

Cornelius Schanck, captain 
Hunn's co., 1st reg't. 



Rulief Schaner, captain 
Hunn's co., 1st reg't; dis- 
charged. 

Crineyonce Schenck. 

Cyrenus Schenck, lieuten't 
Jacob Tice's co.,lstreg't. 

Garret Schenck, lieutenant 
Barnes Smock's troop, 
lioht draooonp. 

Peter Schenck. 

William Schenck, lieuten- 
ant Jacob Tice's co., 1st 
reg't. 

Timothy Scoby, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Job Scudder, capt.AValton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

James Searbrook, captain 
Samuel Dennis' co., 1st 
reg't. 

Daniel Sexton. 

William Sexton. 

William Shafey, 1st reg't, 
also continental army. 

Robert Sharp, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Thomas Shaw, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Josiali Shearman. 

Thomas Shepherd, lieut. 
Tice's CO., 1st reg't. 

Abbertus Shockalear. 

David Sickle (or Van Sickle) 
2d reg't, also continental 
array. 

James Sickles, lieut. Tice's 
CO., 1st reg't, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons ; Matross, captain 
Barnes Smock's co., ar- 
tillery. 

James Smalley, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Benjamin Smith. 



148 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



George Saiith, capt. Hunu's 

CO., 1st i'eg't. 
GideoQ Smitli. 
Jacob Smith, capt. Haukiu- 

son's CO., 1st reg't. 
Jolin Smith, capt. Huun's 

CO., 1st reg't. 
Joseph Smith, Matross, 

capt. Barnes Smock's co., 

artillery. 
Peter Smith. 
Samuel Smith, lieut. Tice's 

CO., 1st reg't. 
Thomas Smith, 1st reg't, 

also State troops, also 

cont'l army. 
William Smith, 1st reg't, 

also State troops, also 

cont'l army. 
Cornelius Smock. 
George Smock. 
Chris. Sneider, cont'l army. 
John Sneider. 
William Snewden. 
John Soloman, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 
John Soloman, 1st reg't, 

also cont'l army. 
John Springstein. 
Isaac Staatser, capt. Barnes 

Smock's CO., artillery. 
Isaac Stalm, capt. Walton's 

troop, light dragoons. 
Wm. Starkey, State troop, 

also cont'l army. 
Isaac States, capt. Walton's 

troop, light dragoons. 
Robert Steatli. 
Alexander Stewart, 2d reg't, 

also cont'l army. 
William Stewart. 
Elisha Still, capt. Bruere's 

CO. 

Jacob Still wagon, Matross, 
capt. Huddy's co., artil- 
lery. State troop. 



Peter Stilllwagon. 

Garret Stillwell, lieutenant 
Barnes Smock's troop, 
light dragoons. 

Gershom Stillwell. 

John Stillwell, capt. Samuel 
Dennis' co., 1st reg't. 

Obediah Stillwell, 1st reg't, 
died April 13, 1777, while 
prisoner. 

Thomas Stillwell. 

Matthew Stiner. 

John Storer. 

Luke Storey. 

Seth Storey, Matross, capt. 
Huddy's CO., artiller}*, 
State troops. 

James Stout. 

Jeremiah Stout. 

Jonathan Stout. 

Thomas Stout, capt. Sam'l 
Dennis' co., 1st regt. 

Adam Striker, capt. Samuel 
Dennis' co., 1st regt. 

John Stymits. 

Peter Stymits. 

David Sutfin, captain Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag' US. 

Job Sutfin, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

John Sutfin, capt. Hankin- 
son's CO., 1st regt. 

Joseph Sutfin, captain Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag'ns. 

Abram Sutphen. 

Court Sutphen, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st regt. 

John Sutphen, caj^t. Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag'ns. 

Peter Sutphen, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light drag'ns. 

Jonas Sutton, 2d regt., also 
cont'l army. 

Pilchard Suydam. 

Jacobus Swangler, captain 
Bruere's co. 



THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



149 



Jesse Swem, 2(1 regt., also 
cont'l army. 

Obadiah Sylvestev, ea])tain 
AValton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

William Tall man, oontin'l 
army. 

James Tapscott, capt. A\ al- 
ton's troop, light (.lra<;'ns. 

Charles Tatem, (•a])t. Wal- 
ton's troop, light (Irag'ns. 

Edward Taylor. 

James Taylor, State troops. 

John Taylor, captain Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st regt. 

Joseph Taylor, 1st regt. ; 
wounded at (lermant'wn, 
Oct. 1th, 1777. 

John Test, capt. Walton's 
troop, light dragoons. 

Jonathan Thorpe. 

Richard Thomas. 

Robert Thomas. 

Benjamin Thompson. 

Lewis Thompson, captain 
Waddell's co., 1st regt. 

William Thompson, capt. 
Samuel Dennis' co., 1st 
regt. 

David Thompson. 

Benjamin Thorp, capt. Han- 
kinson's co., 1st regt. 

James Throckmorton, capt. 
Waddell's co., 1st reg't. ; 
also troop light horse ; 
also cont'l armv. 

Richard Tice. 
- Benjamin Tilton. 
--Benjamin Tilton, Jr., Ma- 
tross, captain Barnes 
Smock's CO., artillery. 
-Edward Tilton. 

John Tilton, captain Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st regt. 

John Thompson, captain 
Waddell's co., 1st regt. 

Isaac Tonson. 



John Tribit. 

Abraham Truax, capt. Han- 

kinson's co., 1st regt. 
Jacob Truax. 
Samiiel Truax, capt. Samuel 

Dennis' co., 1st regt. 
Samuel Truax, lieut. Tice's 

CO., 1st regt. 
Cornelius Tunison, lieuten't 

Barnes Smock's troop, 

light dragoons. 
John B. Turner. 
John T^-sou, 1st regt. 
John Underwood. 
Thomas Valentine. Matross, 

capt. Huddy's co.. State 

troops. 
William Valentine. 
Jacob C. VauArtsdalen. 
David Van Blarkin. 
Stephen Van Brackley, capt. 

Carh art's co., 1st regt. 
John Van Cleave. 
Joseph Van Cleave. 
Peter Van Cleave. 
John Van Court. 
Cornelius Vauderbilt. 
Jacob Vanderbilt. 
Abraham Vanderhall, capt. 

Waddell's co., 1st reg't.; 

also cont'l army. 
Cornelius P. Vandeldioof, 

capt. Carhart's co., 1st 

regt. 
John Vanderhoof. 
Gershom Vanderhull, 1st 

reg't; died March 28th, 

1778, of wounds received 

at Germantowu, Pa., Oct. 

4th, 1777. 
Abraham Vanderhull, State 

troops. 
Henry Vanderhull. 
Cornelius Vanderveer, tr'p 

light horse. 
John Vanderveer. 



150 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



Jos. Vanclerveer, Matross, 
capt. Barnes Smock's co., 
artillery. 

Peter Vanderveuter. 

Denise Vandine. 

Isaac Van Dorn, troop, light 
dragoons. 

Nicholas Van Dorn. 

Jemisen Vaukirk, captain 
Hankinson's co., Istregt. 
lienten't Jacob Tice's co., 
1st regt. 
\ Benjamin Van Mater, capt. 
Waddell's co., 1st regt., 
captain Barnes Smock's 
CO., artillery. 

Cjrionce Van Mater, capt. 
Waddell's co. 
^ Cyriniis Van Mater, capt. 
Waddell's co. 

James Van Norman, 1st 
reg't ; also cont'l army. 

Martin Van Nortwick. 

Alexander Van Pelt, capt. 
Carhart's co.; also State 
troops. 

Christopher Van Pelt, capt. 
Carhart's co. 

Hendrick Van Pelt, captain 
Carhart's co. 

Jacob Van Pelt, capt. Car- 
hart'^ CO. 

Johannes Van Pelt, captain 
Carhart's co. 

Tunis Van Pelt, capt. Car- 
hart's CO. 

William Van Pelt, captaiii 
Carhart's co. 

William Van Pelt, captain 
Walton's troop, light 
dragoons. 

Court Van Schaick, Ma- 
tross, captain Barnes 
Smock's CO., artillery. 

Benjamin J. Van Skoick. 

Jonah Van Skoick. 



John Van twicke, continental 
army. 

Joseph Vantwicke, conti- 
nental army. 

Henry Voorhees, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO. 

Lucas Voorhees. 

Tunis Voorhees, Matross, 
captain Barnes Smock's 
CO., artillery. 

William Voorhees, captain 
Waddell's co. 

Jaques Voorhees. 

Vincent Wainwright. 

John Wainwright, captain 
Huddy's co. 

Forman Walker. 

George Walker, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO. 

William Wallen. 

John Wiley, cont'l army. 

William Wilgus. 

James Wilkinson. 

Humphrey Willett, captain 
Samuel Dennis' co., 1st 
reg't. 

Arthur Williamson. 

William Williamson, capt. 
Hunn's co., 1st reg't. 

Henry Willin, cont'l army, 

Andrew Wilson, continental 
army. 

Benjamin Wilson, captain 
Samuel Dennis' co., 1st 
reg't. ^ 

Jacob Wilson. 

James Wilson, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

John Wilson. 

Peter Wilson. 

James AVinter, 1st reg't, 
died March 4th, 1777, 
while prisoner. 

Jacob Witchell, continental 
army. 



THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



151 



Joseph Wollea, captain 
Hiinji's CO., 1st battalion. 

Benjamin WooJ. 

Geor<;e Wood. 

Matliias Wood. 

James Woodmaucv. 
-Abraham Wooley. 

Stephen Wolverton. 

Nichohis Worrel, captain 
Barnes Smock's co., artil- 
lery, Matross. 

John Worth, capL Walton's 
troop, li_s;ht dragoons. 

William Wortli, 1st reg't, 
also State troops, cont'l 
army. 

John Yatemau. 

Benjamin Yates. 

William Y^ates, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

Carhart Walling. 

Daniel Walling. 

James Walling. 

John Walling. 

Philip Walling, 1st reg't, 
wounded at Middletown, 
New Jersey, June 21st, 
1780. 

Carhart Walton, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't. 

William Waid, 1st reg't, 
also cont'l army. 



George Warner. 

-Tohii Warrick, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons. 

William Watson, 2d reg't, 
also cont'l army. 

Arthur Weeks. 

Valentine Wilet, capt. Wal- 
ton's troop, light dra- 
goons, capt. Haukinson's 
CO., 1st reg't. 

Stephen West, capt. Wad- 
dell's CO., 1st reg't. 

Thomas West, capt. Hau- 
kinson's CO., 1st reg't. 

Lewis AVliite. 

William White. 

James Whitlock, capt. Car- 
hart's CO., 1st reg't. 

Lockhart Whitlock. 

Garret Wickoflf. 

Jacob Wickoff, capt. Hau- 
kinson's CO., 1st reg't. 

Samuel Wickotf. 

William Wickoff, captain 
Hunn's co., 1st reg't. 

John Wilber, Matross, capt. 
Huddy's co., artillery, 
State troops. 

William Wilber. 

Steron Wilberson. 

Richard Wilbur, captain 
Bruere's co. 



— 0-^^'.3^^ 



^4> 



152 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

THE BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. 



COMPILED FROM CONTEMPORANEOUS HISTORY AND DESIGNED 
TO INCLUDE EVERYTHING OF INTEREST RELATING TO 
THAT EVENT. 



(From Gordon's History of New Jersey.)* 



About the time the commaud of the army devolved 
upon Sir Heury Cliuton, orders were received for the 
evacuatiou of Philadelphia. The part which France was 
about to take in the war, with the uaval force she had 
prepared, rendered this city a dangerous position, and 
determined the administration, entirely, to abandon the 
Delaware. Preparations to this end were actively pur- 
sued, but it was some time uncertain to what point the 
army was destined. At length the intention was appar- 
ent to reach New York tlirough the Jerseys. Upon this 
presumption General Washington conducted his oper- 
ations. 

General Maxwell, with the Jersey Brigade, was or- 
dered to take post about Mount Holly and to unite with 
Major-General Dickenson, who was assembling the mil- 
itia for the purpose of breaking down bridges, falling 
trees in the roads, and otherwise embarassing the march 
of the British General. Instructions were given to these 
officers to guard carefully against a coii]) de main, and to 
keep the militia in small, light parties on his flanks. 

When Washington learned that the greater propor- 
tion of the British army had crossed the Delaware, t he 
convened a council of general officers to determine on his 
course. The force of the armies was nearly equal, the 
numerical advantage being with the Americans ; the 
British having ten and the Americans between ten and 
eleven thousand. Of seventeen general officers, Wayne 
and Cadwalader alone were decidedh' in favor of attack- 
ing the enemy. La Fayette inclined to that opinion 



* The History of New Jersey from its Discovery by Europeans to the adoption 
of the Federal Constitution. By Thomas F. Gordon. Trenton Published by Daniel 
Fenton, 18a4. 

t June 18, 1778. 



THE BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. 153 

without openly embracing it. Consequently it was 
resolved not to risk a battle. 

Sir Henry Clinton moved with great deliberation, 
seeming to await the approach of his adversary. He 
proceeded through Haddonheld,:[: Mount Holly, Slab- 
town and Crosswicks to Allentown and Imlaystown, which 
he reached on the twenty-fourth. 

Dickinson and Maxwell retired before him, unable 
to obstruct his march otherwise than by destroying the 
bridges. As his route, until he passed Crosswicks, lay 
directl}' up the Delaware, and at no great distance from 
it, General Washington found it necessary to make an 
extensive circuit to pass the river at Coryell's Ferry. 
Pursuant to the settled plan of avoiding an engagement 
he kept the high grounds, directing his army so as to 
cover the important passes of the Highlands. He crossed 
the river on the twenty-second, and remained the twenty- 
third at Hopewell, in elevated country, adjacent to the 
river. 

General Arnold, whose wounds 3'et unfitted him for 
service, was directed to possess himself of Philadel- 
phia, and to detach four hundred continental troops and 
such militia as could be collected, to harass the rear of 
the enemy. 

This service, by the order of the commander-in- 
chief, was confided to Gsuaral Cadwalader, who could 
only add to his continental force fifty volunteers and 
forty militia, commanded by General Lacy. From Hope- 
well, Morgan, with six hundred riflemen, was detached 
to annoy his right flank ; Dickenson, with about one 
thousand Jersey militia, and Maxwell's brigade, hung on 
his left. 

In this position of the armies General Washington, 
who had rather accjuiesced in than approved the decision 
of the late council of war, and Avas disposed to seek bat- 
tle, again submitted the proposal to the consideration of 
the general oflicers, by whom it was again negatived. 



t Thp nifrlit that the British enoanipod <it Haddonfield, Captain McLane, by 
order froin (ienoral .\ n old. passed through tlieir camp, and reported their situa- 
tion to the General. 



IS-i HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

By their advice a clioseu body of fifteen liuudred men, 
under Brigadier-General Scott, was added to the corps 
on the left flank of- the enemy. But Washington being 
supported by the wishes of some officers whom he highly 
valued, determined on his own responsibility, to bring on 
a general engagement. The enemy being on his March 
to Monmouth Court-House, he resolved to strengthen 
the force on his lines by despatching General Wayne 
with an additional corps of one thousand men. The 
Continental troops now thrown in front of the army 
amounted to four thousand men, a force sufficient to 
require the direction of a major-general. The tour of 
duty was General Lee's, but he having declared strongly 
against hazarding even a partial engagement, and sup- 
posing that in conformity with the advice signed by all 
the generals in camp, save one, nothing would be at- 
tempted beyond reconnoitering the enemy and restrain- 
ing the plundering parties, showed no disposition to as- 
sert his claim, but yielded the command to General La- 
Fayette. All the continental parties on the lines were 
placed under his direction, with orders to take measures 
in concert with Gansral Dickenson, to impede the march 
of the British and to occasion them the greatest loss. 
These measures demonstrated the wishes of the com- 
mander-in-chief, tending almost inevitably to a general 
battle. Wayne had earnestl}' advised it, and La Fayette 
inclined towards a partial engagement. Colonel Hamil- 
ton, who accompanied him, had the strongest desire to 
signalize the detachment, and to accomplish all the 
wishes of Washington. These dispositions having been 
made, the main army was moved to Cranberry on the 
twenty-sixth, to support the advance. The intense heat 
of the weather, a heavy storm, and a temporary want of 
provisions, prevented it from proceeding further next 
day. The advance corps had pressed forward and taken 
a position on the Monmouth road, about five miles in 
the rear of the enemy, with the intention of attacking 
him on tlis next morning. It was now, however, too re- 
mote and too far on the right to bo sui)})orted in case of 



THE BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. 155 

actiou ; aud, pursuant to orders, the Marquis filed off l)y 
liis left towards Eu<^lislitowu, early in the morning of the 
twenty-seventh. 

General Lee had declined the t-oniinand of the ad- 
vance party, under the opinion that it was not designed 
for effective service ; but perceiving soon after its march 
that much importance was attached to it, and dreading 
lest his reputation might suffer, he earnestly solicited to 
be placed at its head. To relieve his feelings, without 
wounding those of La Fayette, AVashington detached the 
former wdth two other brigades to support the Marquis. 
Lee would, of course, have the direction of the whole 
front division, amounting now to five thousand men ; but 
he stipulated that if any enterprise had been formed by 
La Fayette, it should bs execute 1 as if the commanding 
officer had not besn changed. 

Sir Henry Clinton had taken a strong position on 
the high grounds about Monmouth Court House ; having 
his right flank in the skirt of a small wood, his left se- 
cured by a thick one, and a morass toward his rear. His 
whole front was also covered by a wood, and for a con- 
siderable distance toward his left, by a morass, and he 
was within twelve miles of the high grounds about Mid- 
dletown ; after reaching which he w^ould be perfectly 
secure. 

Under these circumstances, General Washington de- 
termined to attack their rear, the moment the}' should 
move from their ground. This determination was com- 
municated to Lee, Avith orders to make his disposition 
and to keep his troops constantly lying on their arms, 
that he might be in readiness to take advantage of the 
first movement. Corresponding orders were also given 
to the rear division. 

About five in the morning of the twenty-eighth, in- 
telligence was received from General Dickenson, that the 
front of the enemy was in motion. The troops were im- 
mediateh' under arms, and Lee was directed to move on 
and attack the rear, " unless there should be powerful 
reasons to the contrary." He was at the same time in- 



156 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

formed, that tlie main army would march to support 
him. 

Sir Henry Clinton, perceiving that the Americans 
were in his neighborhood, changed the order of his 
march. The baggage was placed under the care of Gen- 
eral Knyphausen, while the flower of this army, unin- 
cumbered, formed the rear division commanded by Lord 
Cornwallis ; who, to avoid pressing upon Knyphausen, 
remained on his ground until about eight, and then de- 
scending from the heights of Freehold, into a j^/lain of 
about three miles in extent, took up his line of march in 
rear of the front division. 

General Lee made the dispositions necessary for ex- 
ecuting his orders ; and, soon after the rear of the enemy 
was in motion, prepared to attack it. General Dickenson 
had bsen directed to detach some of his best troops to 
co-operate with him, and Morgan to act on the enemy's 
right flank, but with so much caution as to be able read- 
ily to extricate himself and to form a junction with the 
main body. 

Lee appeared on the heights of Freehold soon after 
the enemy had left them, and following the British into 
the plain gave orders to General Wayne to attack their 
covering party so as to halt them, but not to press them 
sufficiently to force them up to the main body, or to 
draw reinforcements from thence to their aid. In the 
meantime, he proposed to gain their front by a shorter 
road on their left, and entirely intercepting their com- 
munication with the line to bear them off before they 
could be assisted. 

While in the execution of this design, a gentleman 
of General Washington's suite came up to gain intelli- 
gence, and to him Lee communicated his present object. 

Sir Henry Clinton, soon after the rear division was 
in full march, observed a column of the Americans on his 
left flank. This being militia, was soon dispersed. When 
his rear guard had descended from the hill, it was fol- 
lowed by a corps ; soon after which a cannonade upon it 
was commenced from some pieces commanded by Col- 



THE BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. 157 

ouel Oswiild, aiid at the same time he received intelli- 
gence that a respectable force had shown itself on both 
his flanks. Believing a design to have been formed on his 
baggage, which in the defiles would be exposed, he de- 
termined in order to secure it to attack the troops in his 
rear so vigorously as to compel them to call off those on 
his flanks. This induced him to march back his whole 
rear division, which movement was making as Lee ad- 
vanced for the purpose of reconuoitering to the front of 
the wood adjoining the plain. He soon ])erceived him- 
self to have mistaken the force which formed the rear of 
the British, but he yet proposed to engage on that 
ground, although his judgment, as was afterwards stated 
b}^ himself, on an inquiry into his conduct, disapproved 
of it ; there being a morass immediately in his rear, 
which could not be passed without difficulty, and which 
would necessarily impede the arrival of reinforcements 
to his aid and embarass his retreat should he be finally 
overpowered. 

Thife was about ten o'clock. While both armies 
were preparing for action. General Sct/tt (as stated by 
General Lee), mistook an oblique march of an American 
column for a retreat, and in the apprehension of being- 
abandoned left his position and repassed the ravine iu 
his rear. Being himself of opinion that the ground on 
which the army was drawn up was by no means favora- 
ble to them, Lee did not correct the error Scott had corn- 
committed, but directed the whole detachment to resain 
the heights they had passed. He was pressed by the 
enemy and the same slight skirmishing ensued during 
this retrograde movement, in which not much loss was 
sustained on either side. 

When the first firing announced the commence- 
ment of the action, the rear division threw oft' their 
packs and advanced rapidly to suppcu't the front. As 
they approached the scene of action, Washington, 
who had received no intelligence from Lee notifying his 
retreat, rode forward, and about noon, after the army had 
marched five miles, to liis utter astonishment and mortifi- 



158 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

cation, met the advanced corps retiring before tlie enemy 
Avitli but having made a single effort to maintain their 
ground. Those whom he first fell in with neither un- 
derstood the motives which had governed General Lee 
nor his present design, and could give no other informa- 
tion than that by his orders they had fled without 
fighting. 

Washington rode to the rear of the division, which 
was closely pressed. There he met Lee, to whom he 
spoke in terms of some warmth, implying disapproba- 
tion of his conduct. He also gave immediate orders 
to the regiments commanded by Colonel Stewart and 
Lieutenant-Colonel Ramsay to form on a piece of ground 
which he deemed proper for the purpose of checking the 
enemy, who were advancing rapidly on them. General 
Lee was then directed to take proper measure with the 
residue of his force to stop the British column on that 
ground, and the Commander-in-chief rode back himself 
to arrange the rear division of the army. These orders 
were executed with firmness. A sharp conflict ensued, 
and when forced from the ground on which he had been 
placed, Lee brought off his troops in good order, and was 
then directed to form in the rear of Englishtown. 

The check thus given the enemy, aftbrded time to 
draw up the left wing and second line of the American 
army on an eminence, partly in a wood, and partly in an 
open field, covered by a morass in front. Lord Sterling, 
who commanded the wing, brought up a detachment of 
artillery, under Lieutenant-Colonel Carrington, with some 
field pieces, which played with considerable efi'ect upon 
the enemy, who had passed the morass and were press- 
ing on to the charge. The pieces, with the aid of sev- 
eral parties of infantry detached for the purpose, eft'ec- 
tually put a stop to their advance. 

The American artillery were drawn up in the open 
field, and maintained their ground with admirable firm- 
ness under a heavy and persevering fire from the British. 

The right wing was for the day commanded by General 
Greene. To expedite the march, and to prevent the en- 



THK l?ATTr,E OF MOXMOUTH. 159 

emy from turiiiu^' the rjglit lliiiik, he h;ul been orih^red 
to file off by the new chnrch, two miles from Englishtowu, 
and to fall into the Monmouth road a small distance 
in the rear of the court house, while the residue of the 
army proceeded directl}' to that place. He had advanced 
on this road considerably to the right of and ratjier be- 
yond the ground on which the armies were now engaged, 
when he svas informed of the retreat of Lee, and of the 
new disposition of the troops. He immediately changed 
his route and took an advantageous position (m the 
right. 

Warmly opposed in front the enemy attempted to 
turn the left flank of the American army, but were re- 
pulsed and driven back by parties of infantry. They 
then attempted the right with as little success. • General 
Greene had advanced a body of troops, Avitli artillery, to 
a commanding piece of ground in his front, Avhich not 
only marred their design of turning the right, but severe- 
ly enfiladed the party which yet remained in front of the 
left wing. At this moment, General Wayne advanced 
Avith a body of infantry in front, avIio kept up so hot 
and well directed a fire of musketry that the Brit- 
ish soon gave way and withdrew behind the ravine to the 
ground on which the first halt had been made. 

Here the British line was formed on very strong 
ground. Both flanks were secured by thick woods and 
morasses, while their front could be reached only 
through a narrow pass. The day had been intensely hot 
and the troops were much fatigued. Still, Washington 
resolved to renew the engagement. For this purpose 
Brigadier-General Poor, with his own and the Carolina 
brigade, gained the enemy's right flank, while Woodford, 
with his brigade, turned their left, and the artillery ad- 
vanced on them in front. But the impediments on the 
flanks of the enemy Avere so considerable that before 
they could be OA-ercome and the troops approach near 
enough to commence the attack it was nearly dark. Under 
these circumstances further operations Avere deferred un- 
til morning. The brigades on the flanks kept their 



160 HISTOKY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ground tlirough tlie niglit and tlie otlier troops lay on 
their arms in the iiekl of battle in order to be in perfect 
readiness to support them. General Washington, who 
had through the da}- been extremely active, passed the 
nio-ht in his cloak in the midst of his soldiers. 

CD 

In the meantime, the British were employed in re- 
moving their wounded. About midnight they marched 
away in such silence that their retreat was without the 
knowledge of General Poor, who la^- very near them. 

As it was perfectly certain that he would gain the 
high grounds about Middletown before they could be 
overtaken, where they could not be attacked w^tli advan- 
tage, as the face of the country afforded no prospect of 
opposing their embarkation; and as the l)att]e, already 
fought, had terminated favorably to the reputation of 
the American arms, it was thought advisable to relin- 
quish the pursuit. Leaving the Jersey brigade, Mor- 
gan's corps and M'Lane's command to hover about 
them, to countenance desertion, and protect the country 
from their depredations, it was resolved to move the 
main body of the army to the Hudson, and take a posi- 
tion which should effectually cover the important passes 
in the Highlands. 

The loss of the Americans was eight officers and 
sixty-one privates killed, and about one hundred and 
sixt}^ wounded. 

Among the slain were Lieut.-Colonel Bonner, of 
Pennsylvania, and Major Dickinson, of Virginia, both 
much regretted. One hundred and thirty were missing ; 
of whom many afterwards joined their regiments. 

Sir Henry Clinton stated his dead and missing at 
four officers, and one hundred and eighty-four privates ; 
his wounded at sixteen officers, and one hundred and 
fifty-four ])rivates. This account, so far as respects the 
dead, cannot be correct, as four officers and two hundred 
and forty-five privates were buried on the field, and 
some few were a-fterwards found and buried, so as to in- 
crease the number to nearly three hundred. The un- 



THE llATTLE 01' MONMOITH. IGl 

eomuiou heat of the day was fatal to several on both sides. 
As usual wheu a battle has not been decisive, both 
parties claiuied tlie victory. In the early part of the 
day the advantage was certainly with the British ; in the 
latter part it may be pronounced with equal certainty to 
have been with the Americans. They maintained their 
ground, repulsed the enemy by whom they were attacked, 
w^ere prevented only by the night, and the retreat of Sir 
Henry Clintcm from renewing the action, and suffered in 
killed and wounded less than their adversaries. 

Independent of the loss sustained in action the 
British army was considerably Aveakened in its way 
from Philadelphia to New York About one hundred 
prisoners were made, and near a thousand soldiers, prin- 
cipally foreigners, many of whom had married in Phila- 
delphia, deserted the British standard during the march. 
Whilst the armies were traversing the Jersey's, 
Gates, who commanded on the North River, by a well- 
timed and judicious movement down the Hudson, threat- 
ened New York for the purpose of restraining the gar- 
rison of that place from reinforcing Sir Henry (Uinton? 
should such a measure be contemplated. 

The conduct of Lee was generally disapproved. As, 
however, he had possessed a large share of the confi- 
dence of the commander-in-chief, it is probable that ex- 
jDlauations might have been made which would have res- 
cued him from the imputations cast on him, and liave 
restored him to the esteem of the army, could his 
haughty temper have brooked the indignity he believed to 
have been offered him on the field of battle. General 
Washington had taken no measures in consequence of 
the events of that day and probably would have come to 
no resolution concerning them without an amicable expla- 
nation had he not received from Lee a letter, in very un- 
becoming terms, in which he manifestly assumed the 
station of a sujDerior, and required reparation for the in- 
jury sustained from the very singular expressions said to 
have been used on the day of the action by the com- 
mander-in-chief. 



162 HISTORY or MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

This letter was answered by an assurance, that so 
soon as circumstances wouhl admit of an inquiry, he 
shouhl have an opportunity of justifying himself to the 
army, to America, and to the world in general, or of con- 
vincing them that he had been guilty of disobedience of 
orders, and misbehavior before the enemy. On the same 
day, on Lee's expressing a wish for a speedy investiga- 
tion of his conduct, and for a court martial rather than a 
court of inquir}^ he was arrested : 

First, For disobedience of orders in not attacking the 
enemy on the 28th of June, agreeably to repeated instruc- 
tions. Secondly, For misbehavior before the enemy on 
the same day, m making an unnecessary, disorderly and 
shameful retreat. Thirdly, For disrespect to the com- 
mander-in-chief in two letters. Before this correspond- 
ence had taken place, strong and specific charges of mis- 
conduct had been made against Geaeral Lee by several 
officers of his detachment, and particularly by Generals 
Wayne and Scott. In these the transactions of the day, 
not being well understood, were represented in colors 
much more unfavorable to Lee than facts would justify. 
These representations, most probably produced the 
strength of the expressions contained in the second ar- 
ticle of the charge. A court martial was soon called, 
over which Lord Stirling presided ; and after a full in- 
vestigation, Lee was found guilty of all the charges ex- 
hibited against him, and sentenced to be suspended for 
one year. This sentence Avas afterwards, though with 
some hesitation, approved, almost unanimously by Con- 
gress. The court softened, in some degree, the severity 
of the second charge by finding him guilty, not in its 
very words, but of misbehavior before the enemy, by 
making an unnecessary, and, in some few instances, a 
disorderly retreat. 

Lee defended himself with his accustomed ability. 
He suggested a variety of reasons justifying his retreat, 
which, if they do not absolutely establish its propriety, 
give it so questionable a form as to render it probable 
that a puldic examination would never have taken place, 



THE JSATTLE OF -Mi )N.MOUTII. 1(J3 

could liis })r()ud Spirit liuve stooped to otter ex})lauatiou 
instead of outrage, to the commander-iu-cliief. 

From " Dawson's Battles of the United States," this 
most important incident of the day is thus described : 

While General Washington's faithful and intelli<>eut 
secretary Colonel Harrison, was engaged in the front, en- 
deavoring to ascertain the cause of the retreat, Gene^-al 
Washington was not less active in seeking information 
and in checking the retreat. Kiding forward and accost- 
ing the several commandants of regiments as he met 
them, he received the same negative answers and the 
same evidences of dissatisfaction that his secretary had 
received, until in the rear of the retreating column he 
met the commands of Colonels Kamsaj and Stewart. 
Calling these officers to him and telling them that he 
" should depend upon them that day to give the enemy 
a check," he directed General Wayne to form them with 
two pieces of artillery on their riglit, and liold the enemy 
in check. At this instant the guilty author of the mis- 
chief, General Lee, rode up, and the commander-in-chief 
demanded, in the sternest manner, " AMnit is the mean- 
ing of all this, sir ? " Disconcerted and crushed under 
the tone and terrible appearance of his chief. General 
Lee could do nothing more than stammer, " Sir, sir ? " 
When, with more vehemence and with a still more iudio-- 
nant expression, the question w^as repeated. A hurried 
explanation was attempted — his troops had been misled 
by contradictory intelligence, his officers had disobeyed 
his orders, and he had not felt it his duty to oppose the 
whole force of the enemy with the detachment un- 
der his command. Further remarks were made on both 
sides, and closing the interview w-ith calling General Lee 
a "damned poltroon,"'"' the commander-in-chief hastened 
back to the high ground between the meeting house and 
the bridge, where he formed the regiments of Colonels 
Slireve, Patterson, Grayson, Livingston, Cilley and Of^- 



* Tliis Btatemcnt is made on the authority of (Jeiioral La Fayette, wlio gave it on 
the piazza of the residence of Viee-i)resi<leut Daniel D. Tompkius. Siiiulay njorn- 
ing, AiiKiiHt 15, lH2-t. General La Fayette referred to it as the only iufitance'wherein 
he Iiad heard the General .swear. 



164 HISTORY OF M0N3I0UTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

den, and the left wing under Lord Stirling-, When the 
first line of trooj3S had been formed on the heights, Gen- 
eral Washington rode up to General Lee and inquired in 
a calmer tone, " Will you retain the command on this 
height or not ? If you will, I will return to the main 
body and have it formed on the next height." General 
Lee accepted the command ; when, giving up the com- 
mand, General Washington remarked, " I expect you 
will take proper means for checking the enemy," and 
General Lee promised, "Your orders shall be obeyed; 
and I shall not be tlie first to leave the ground." 

The attention of General Washington was now turned, 
principally to the north River, towards which the march 
of his army was directed, with the intention of continu- 
ing some time about Haverstraw. And soon after he 
crossed the North Eiver to White Plains. 

After remaining a few days on the high grounds of 
Middletown, Sir Henry Clinton proceeded to Sandy 
Hook, wlience he passed his army over to New York. 
This transit was effected by means of a fleet under Lord 
Howe, which had arrived off the Hook on the 28th of 
June. 

Upon the day of battle the French fleet, under Count 
D'Estaing, having on board a respectable body of land 
forces, made the coast ofi" Chincoteague Inlet. Had it 
arrived a few days earlier its supsrior fores would have 
shut Lord Howe and the British fleet in the Delaware, 
and the censuro of the army under Sir Henry Clinton 
would, probably , have followed. The Count proceeded 
to Sandy Hook for the purpose of attacking the British 
fleet in port, and should this be found impracticable, to 
make an attempt on Rhode Island. The first was de- 
feated by the shoalness of the bar at the moath of the 
harbor. 

Another account of the battle closes by stating i;hat 
after the terrible reprimand of General Lee by the Com- 
mander-in-chief, that officer, however much he had 
erred, bore himself with great, though boastful gal- 
lantry throughout the remainder of the action. Enough, 



TUK JiATTI.K OF MONMOUTH. 165 

that from the momeut of Washin^^tou's coming-, however 
hard to uudo the error of au hour, the tide of battle re- 
mained at a standstill if it did not at once How in favor 
of the patriots. When the night fell the palm of assured 
victory was almost within the grasp of the patriot com- 
mander, and oidy the one question remained whether 
Clinton «'as or was not too much crippled to resume his 
march towards Sandy Hook. Only the broken character 
of the ground thwarted Washington's intention of test- 
ing his strength by yet another attack after nightfall ; 
with such impediments, and in the exhausted state of 
his troops, the second attack was deferred until morning. 
Both forces lay on their arms A*ery near each other, but 
a little west of Monmouth Court House, when the night 
came on ; but when the morning broke the British camp 
was deserted and the harassed hosts of Clinton were be- 
yond the Court House and out of reach, having left 
so silently that even General Poor, in command of 
the American advanced corps, had no suspicion of the 
intention or its fullillment. With this departure and 
virtual escape of the British, necessarily the combat 
was at an end. Clinton pursued his way by the hills 
of Middletown to Sandy Hook, and the fleet of Lord 
Howe, which bore his troops away to New York; 
and Washington — his enemy driven from the Jerseys 
if no more — marched northward with his army to New 
Brunswick, and thence to the Hudson. 

The enemy's loss, it is said, was Lieutenant-Colonel 
Hon. H. Monckton, Captain Gore, Lieutenants Vaughan 
and Kennedy, four sergeants and fifty-seven rank and 
file killed ; three sergeants and fifty-six rank and file 
died from fatigue ; Colonel Trelawney, Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel Simcoe, Major Gardner, Captains Cathcart, Bereton, 
Willis, Leighton, Powell, Bellue and Ditmas, and Lieu- 
tenants Kelly, Paumier, Goroffe, Desborough and Gil- 
christ, seven sergeants, one hundred and forty-eight 
rank and file wounded ; and seven sergeants and sixty- 
one rank and file missing." The American army lost 



The militia liad rftui'iiccl to their homos immediately after the aetioii. 



166 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Lieuteuaut-Coloiiel Bonner, Major Dickinson, three cap- 
tains, three lieutenants, on 3 sergeant, seven matrosses, 
one bombardier and lifty-two rank and iile killed ; two 
colonels, nine captains, six lieutenants, one ensign, one 
adjutant, nine sergeants, one gunner, ten matrosses and 
one hundred and twenty-two rank and file wounded ; 
five sergeants, one matross, and one hundred and twenty- 
six rank and file missing, many of whom, who had been 
overcome by the heat, afterwards came in. 

OLD TIMES IN OLD MONMOUTH. 



OLD MONMOUTH THE PIONEER OF RELIGIOUS TOLERATION. 

Every citizen of old Monmouth has just cause to be 
proud of the fact that the original patentees were among 
the first in America to gurantee toleration to all settlers 
in religious matters. In Rhode Island, while Roger Wil- 
liams advocated " a free, full and absolute liberty of con- 
science," it is charged that Roman Catholics were ex- 
cepted in the charter of 1663. The much vaunted toler- 
ation act of Maryland limited toleration to " all who be- 
lieved in Jesus Christ." William Peun did not arrive 
in America until October, 1682, nearly eighteen years after 
the Monmouth patentees declared that every settler 
should have Free Liberty of Conscience without any 

MOLESTATION OR DISTURBANCE WHATSOEVER IN THE WAY OF 
THEIR WORSHIP. 

REVOLUTIONARY TIMES — SOME PEPvSONAL REMINISCENCES. 

This- section of New Jersey is exceptionally rich in 
reminiscences of the past, extending from the colonial 
times down to the present. The geographical situation 
of Monmouth County has always exposed its eastern por- 
tion to the furious sweep of storm and tempest, and at 
the same time, left it open to the ravages of the enemy, 
whenever involved in foreign war. This Avas peculiarly 
the case in the war of 1812, Avlien the British cruisers lay 
off the coast, and held such a constant menace over the 
section, that none of the citizens were drafted, l)ut were 
ordered to hold themselves in readiness to repel invasion. 



OLD TIMES IN MONMOUTH. 167 

Judge John 8. Forman, a former Judge of Moumoiith 
cdunty, a hale old man of vigorous frame, whose memory 
rau back almost four score years, had a wide and accu- 
rate knowledge of the history of Monmouth for a century 
previous and whose father blew a life at the Battle of 
Monmouth, in June, 1778, related the following: "I was 
then only a lad of thirteen or fourteen years," said the 
Judge. " I have often heard my father describe the battle. 
The day was fearfully hot, and ni}' father was blowing 
with all his might, when the battle became fiercer and 
fiercer, and it drew more of his attention than did the 
music. "While he stood thus, his uncle. Colonel Samuel 
Forman, mounted upon a white horse, halted within a 
short distance, and began giving orders to some officers 
near him. His nephew, still holding his fife to his mouth, 
stood with idle fingers, staring and listening, and forget- 
ful entirely of his own duty. All at once the Colonel 
spurred his charger up to the young man, and making a 
sweep at him with his sword thundered out, ' You little 
rascal, if you don't fill that fife and keep time, I'll run 
you through.' Young Forman 'kept time' until the whist- 
ling of the bullets and the thunder of the cannon ended 
and Washington drove the Britisli from the field. 

"It was a favorite custom of the English cruisers to 
send a barge ashore, at some point on the coast, kill and 
dress a number of cattle, and take the beef back to the 
ship with them. On one of these occasions, when a barge 
was aiming for Barnegat, two fishermen were engaged on 
shore. One of them naturally enough took to the woods, 
and kept out of sight until they were gone. The other 
was a well-remembered character, known as George Ha- 
vens, supposed by many to be underwitted, but, as is often 
the case, with a certain vein of s'hrewdness and cunning 
that more than once made him a match for those who 
were su})posed to be more highly endowed than he, he 
determined to wait and see the British, quite confident 
that he could pull through any trouble into which he 
was likely to get. Havens had a thin, squeaking voice, 
and when the English landed, he made them a low obeis- 



168 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ance, as if deliglited to meet them. Gathering arouud 
the old man, they instantly besieged him with questions. 
They wished to know whether there was any American 
force near at hand, and pointing to the masts of some 
vessels that could be seen several miles up the bay, they 
gave him to understand that they meant to burn them, 
and unless he piloted them across to the bay, he would 
be shot. Havens, with mouth and eyes wide open, lis- 
tened to all they had to say, and then, his face lit up, as 
he replied that they were correct. He had often found 
the nests of sea gulls himself, in the sand along shore, it 
being their custom to lay two, three and sometimes four 
eggs. The exasperated foragers plied him with other 
questions, but a deafer man than Havens was never seen. 
To every inquir}^ he returned the most ridiculous an- 
swers, and when they ordered him to help kill and dress 
some of the cattle browsing near, he still was unable to 
comprehend their meaning. When they were ready to 
embark, the old man was frightened to hear them discuss 
whether they should take him along as a prisoner or not. 
The officer in charge was desirous of carrying him aboard 
ship, as were a number of his subordinates ; but, after 
quite an extended debate, they concluded that he was too 
deaf to be of any use, and he was left. 

"The American coasters hiding in the rivers and in- 
lets were constautl}^ on the lookout for a chance to sli^J 
out and run up to New York, with their cargoes of wood 
and material that were in great demand. During a storm 
I have frequently stood on the beach, and looking out to 
sea, have been unable to detect a single sail. It is then 
that all prudent navigators make haste to get out of 
sight of the Jersey coast. It was on such occasions as 
these, that the little American vessels stole cautioush' 
out of the inlet, and crowded all sail for New York. It 
was assuming great risk, buh, if successful, they were 
sure of making a handsome profit on their cargo, and all 
were eager to take the chance. 

"I was down in the meadows," said the Judge, "one 
day in the mouth of July, 1813, when I noticed that a 



OLD TIMES IX MONMOUTH. 109 

Biitisl] brig that had been standing on and off shore for 
a niimV)er of weeks, had all sail crowded on, and was 
heading almost directly in. As the white foam curled 
away from her prow, it was easy to see that she was 
coming Avith great speed, or there was some mischief 
afoot. A glance northward told what it meant. Tavo of 
our sloops, after making the run into New York, were 
creeping down the coast, hoping to reach shelter unob- 
served, when the brig sighted them and instantly spread 
every stitch of canvass for the purpose of cutting them 
oft'. Well knowing their peril, the coasters ran with des- 
perate haste lov Squan Inlet, certain that if they could 
once get in there, all danger would be at an end. Thus 
all three were heading toward the same point, and at one 
time they were about equi-distant. The sloops were much 
the faster, and had everything been favorable, would 
have effected their escape ; but, when they turned to run 
into the inlet, the water was too low. There was a heavy 
thump, and, as the bows lurched upward, we could see 
that both were immovably grounded. The crews Avere in 
the boats in a twinkling, and in a few minutes later landed 
safely. 

"The brig approached as close as Avas prudent, and 
then opened fire upon the helpless sloops. The shots 
were Avell directed, and the hull and rigging Avere splin- 
tered and battered until it seemed as if they Avere totally 
destroyed. Some of the shots passed oA'er the bluff, and 
struck a mile or tAvo inland. They fell all about the 
house of Uncle Tommy Cook, and one of them, I recol- 
lect, just grazed the top of his barn and ploughed up the 
field beyond. They Avere not chary of their shots either, 
but kept hammering aAvay at the sloops, until certain 
they Avere destroyed, they AvithdreAv to Avatch for other 
daring coasters that might be ju'owling along shore. 
After theA' Avere out of tlie Avay, and the tide had risen, 
Ave got the sloops over the bar and u]) tlie inlet, Avhere 
they Avere repaired and used for years afterwav<l. Three 
thousand two hundred pounds of nliot were ])icked u]) in 
the shape of cannon l)alls. I remember that we expected 



170 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

the British wonkl laud that night, aud there were a hun- 
dred and eighty of us under arms, aud on the lookout. We 
would have given a good deal to induce iliem to do so, but 
the J were all very timid about venturing on shore, and pre- 
ferred to drop a shot now and then upon us, from their 
men-of-Avar, or to land only long enough to steal a few 
cattle and make off again." 

Among revolutionary incidents is one giving an account 
of the shooting of a notorious horse thief and tory 
named Teuton. He was a sort of Modoc, who was in 
constant communication with the British, and took a 
devilish pleasure in leading them against his neighbors, 
many of whom were utterly ruined through his treach- 
ery. A couple of Americans concealed themselves under 
some hay and barrels in a wagon, while a third, under the 
guise of an honest farmer, rattled off down the road by a 
house where Fenton was reported to be. Not suspecting 
the trap set for him, the miscreant summoned the wagon 
to halt, set down his gun, and started out to take posses- 
sion of the stores that he supposed were in the vehicle. 
He had just thrown one foot over the fence, when the two 
men in concealment rose up and shot him dead. Judge 
Form an stated to me that his father's housekeeiDer was 
standing only a few feet away at this moment, and saw 
the wretch meet his doom in the manner described. 

THE ATTACK ON THE EUSSELL FAMILY. 



This outrage was an unusually aggravated one even 
for the liefugees, and the particulars will show why Phil. 
White was afraid that he would be hung if he reached 
Freehold. John Bussell, one of his guards, after the 
war, removed to old Dover township, near Cedar Creek, 
and his descendants nosv live at Barnegat. 

The following extract is from the New Jerse}' Gazette, 
published during the Revolution : 

" On the 30tli of April, 1780, a party of negroes and 
Refugees from Sandy Hook landed at Shrewsbury in 
order to plunder. During their excursion, a Mr. Russell, 



THE ATTACK ON THE RUSSELE FAMIEY. 171 

who attempted some resistauce to their depredations, 
was killed, aud his graDdchild had five balls shot through 
him, but is yet living. Captain Warner, of the privateer 
brig Elizabeth, was made prisoner by these ruffians, but 
was released by giving them two and a half joes. This 
banditti also took off several prisoners, among whom 
were Captain James Green and Ensign John Morris, of 
the militia." 

The following is from Hewes' Collections : 

" Mr. Russell Avas an elderly man, aged about sixty 
years. As the l)arty entered his dwelling, which was in 
the night, he fired and missed. William Gillian, a native 
of Shrewsbur}', their leader, seized the old gentleman by 
the collar, and was in the act of stabbing him in the face 
and eyes with a bayonet, when the tire blazed up and, 
shedding a momentary light upon the scene, enabled the 
younger Kussell, who la}" wounded on the floor, to shoot 
Gillian. John Farnham, a native of Middle town, there- 
upon aimed his musket at the young man, but it was 
knocked up by Lippencott, who had married into the 
family. The party then went off. The child was acci- 
dentally wounded in the affray." 

The Lippencott above mentioned, we presume, was 
Captain Richard Lippencott, who subsequently had the 
command of the party which hanged Captain Joshua 
Huddy. John Russell, mentioned above as having been 
wounded, and who subsequently was one of Phil. White's 
guard, lived to (^uite an advanced age, at Cedar Creek, 
and his account of the affair, as related to the late Cap- 
tain Ephraim Atcheson, was substantially as follows : 

" There were seven Refugees, and he (John) saw 
them through the window, and at one time the}' got so 
that he told his father he could kill four of them, and he 
wished to fire, as he believed the other tliree would run. 
His father persuaded him not to fire, but to do so when 
they broke into the house. AVlieu they broke in, the 
father fired first, but missed his aim. He was then fired 
upon and killed. John Russell then fired upon and 
killed Gillian, who had shot his father. During the 



172 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

affray Jolm was shot in the side, aud the scars of the 
Wound were visible until his death. After being wounded 
he fell on the floor aud pretended to be dead. The 
Refugees then went to plundering the house. The 
mother and w4fe of John were lying in bed with the child. 
The child awoke and asked : ' Grandmother, what's the 
matter ? ' A Refugee pointed his gun at it and fired, and 
said, 'That's what's the matter!' Whether he intended 
to wound the child or only to frighten it is uncertain, but 
the child, as before stated, was badly wounded, but 
eventually recovered. As the Refugees were preparing 
to leave, one of their number pointed his musket at John 
Russell as he lay on the floor, and was about again firing 
at him, saying he didn't believe he was dead yet, where- 
upon another, probably Lippencott, knocked up the 
musket, saying it was a shame to fire upon a dying man, 
and the load went into the ceiling. After the Refugees 
were gone, John got up and had his wounds dressed, and 
exclaimed to his wife : ' Ducky ! bring me a glass of 
whiskey ; I'll come out all right yet.' He did come out 
all right, and before the war ended he aided in visiting 
merited retribution on the Refugees f(n- their doings at 
this time. When some two years later he aided in the 
capture of Phil. White, one of the party who killed his 
father, it is not probable that he desired his death l)e- 
fore reaching Freehold, as it was quite certain justice 
would be meted out to him there. Of the seven Refugees 
concerned in the attack on the Russell family, at least 
three met with their just deserts, viz : Gillian, killed at 
the time ; Farnham, subsequently captured and hanged 
at Freehold ; and Phik White, killed while attemj)ting 
to escape." 

PHIL. WHITE'S CAPTURE AND DEATH. 



Among some old residents, the Refugee version of 
Phil. W^hite's death at one time seemed so far accepted 
as to imply a belief in wanton cruelty to White, aud 
Howes' Historical Collection seems inclined to favor the 



PHIL, white's CArTUEE AND ])EATH. 173 

same belief. But tliev seem not to liave been aware that 
the whole matter was thoroughly investigated by both 
the British and Americans shortly after it oc-eurred, and 
the evidence, subsequently tiled in the State Department 
at Washington, conclusively proves the falsity of the 
Refugee assertions of wanton cruelty. This evidence is 
given in full in a report made to Congress, Februar}^ 14, 
1837, on a report relating to pension claims of Captain 
Joshua Huddy's heirs. Among the affidavits taken and 
forwarded to General Washington were those of Aaron 
White, a brother of Phillip White, who Avas taken 
prisoner with him, John North, William Borden and 
John Russell, who were his guards. White was captured 
near Long Branch, and the guard was ordered to take 
him to Freehold. Before starting he was told if he at- 
tempted to escape he would be shot down. When be- 
tween Colt's Neck and Freehold, White slipped off his 
horse and made for the woods ; the guards called on him 
to stop, but he refused to halt and they fired on him ; 
the ball fired l)y Borden wounded him and he fell on his 
hands and knees, but got up and ran for the woods, but 
North leaped a fence on horseback and headed him off 
when he made for a bog ; North jum[)ed from his horse, 
dropped his gun aiid pursiied him with drawn sword, and 
overtook him ; White would not stop, and North struck 
at him with the sword Avhicli wounded him in the face, 
and White fell, crying that he was a dead man. Borden 
repeatedly called " White, if you will give up you shall 
have quarters yet." White's body was taken to Freehold, 
and the evidence of General David Form an and others 
who saw the body, showed that he had received no other 
Avounds but the gun shot in his breast and cuts of a 
sword on his face. 

The probability is that Phil. White? supposed if he 
was taken to Freehold jail, that he would be tried and 
hanged for his participation in the murder of the father 
of John Russell, one of his guards, and the attempt to 
kill Russell himself, as well as in other misdemeanors, 
and so he determined to try to esca])e, and he made the 



174 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

effort at a place wliere lie tliouglit the woods, fences, 
marsli and brook would impede the light horsemen. 

MANXAHAAVKIN IN THE KEYOLUTION. 



THE RANDOLPHS, CRANES, JOHNSONS AND OTHERS — MEANING 
OF THE NAME MaNNAHAWKIN, AtC. 

Probably no place in old Monmouth furnished a 
greater number of men in proportion to population for 
the service of the country during the Revolution than 
did Mannahawkin. Captain Reuben Randolph who 
owned the public house on the site of the one at present 
occupied by Mr. Joseph R. Wilkins, was, with his heroic 
band of militia, very active in guarding against Tory out- 
rages at home as well as abroad. Among those who 
nobly stood by him besides his own two sous, Thomas 
and Job, were the ancestors of many well-known families 
now residing in that village, among whom may be 
named, the Cranes, Bennetts, Johnsons, Pangburns, 
Browns, Letts, Haywoods, Pauls and others. 

At one time it was rumored that Bacon with a party 
of refugees was coming to Mannahawkin on a plundering 
expedition, and such of the members of the militia as 
could be notified were hastily summoned together at 
Captain Randolph's house to prepare to meet them. The 
militia remained on the alert the greater part of the 
night, but finding the Tories failed to make their appear- 
ance, they concluded it was a false alarm and retired to 
sleep after appointing sentinels. From the best informa- 
tion now obtained it is most probable that Jeremiah 
Bennett and Job Randolph were sentinels on one post 
and Setli Crane and Samuel Bennett on another, and 
Captain Randolph himself also volunteering. 

The refugees came down the road from towards 
Baruegat and the first intimation the sentinels stationed 
near the Baptist church had of their coming was by 
hearing their bayonets strike together as they were march- 
ing. The sentinels halted long enough to see that the 
party was (juite large, numbering perhaps thirty or forty. 



MANNAH.UVKIN IN TIIF. nEVOLUTIOX. 175 

and liriiii^, rau across the fields to the public house to 
give the alarm. By the time the few militiameu were 
aroused, the refugees were al)reast of the house, aud be- 
fore they could form, the}' were fired upon aud Lyons Pang- 
burn was killed and Sylves ter Tilt on severely wounded, 
both men belonging to Captain Randolph's company. 
The militia were compelled to retreat down the lane be- 
fore they could organize, when finding the refugees well 
armed aud nearly double their number, they were reluct- 
antly compelled to decline pursiiiug them. The refugees 
made but a short, if any halt, and passed down the road 
towards West Creek. In the party with Bacon was the 
same Englishman, Wilson, alluded to in the case of 
Reuben So]ier in a previous chapter, and also a man 
named Brewer. 

Tilton, who was so severely wounded, miraculoush^ 
recovered, although the ball passed clear through him, 
going in by one shoulder aud out on a little one side of 
his breast ; the physician, as is well authenticated, 
passed a silk handkerchief completely through the 
wound. Several of our citizens yet living often saw the 
scars of this wound. Sometime after the war was over 
Tiltcm removed to Colt's Neck, where it is believed some 
of his descendants now live. He always believed that 
Brewer was the man who wounded him, and as after the 
war Brewer had the hardihood to remain in the vicinity, 
Tilton determined to punish him, and did give him a 
severe chastisement. One tradition of this punishment 
is, that when Tilton found out where Brewer was, he 
started after him unarmed. On his way he met James 
Willetts then quite a noted and highly esteemetl Quaker, 
Avho, upon finding out Tilton's errand, vainh^ pursuaded 
him to turn back ; finding he would not, Willetts asked 
permission to go along, hoping something would turn up 
to make a peaceable end of the afinir. Tilton willingly 
accepted his company, but ])lumply told him if he inter- 
fered he would fiog him, too. Arriving at the house Avhere 
Brewer was, Tilton sudclenly opened the door and rushed 
toward him and grasped him before he could cpiite reach 



176 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

liis musket wliicli he liad kept reacl}^ expectiuf>; such a visit. 
Tilton dragged him to the door aud pummelled him to 
his heart's content; telling him, "You scoundrel, you 
tried to kill me once, and I mean now to settle with you 
for it. I want you now to leave here and follow^ the rest 
of the refugees." (Most of the refugees had then gone 
to Nova Scotia). 

Two unarmed members of this militia company of 
Mannahawkin one time captured three refugees each 
armed with muskets! The following were the circum- 
stances : Seth Crane and David Johnson had been fishing; 
as their boat lay alongside of the meadows on their re- 
turn, the three refugees came down to the boat and the 
leader leaning his musket against the side of the boat 
stepped aboard and went aft and picked out a lot of the 
finest fish and said he meant to have them. Crane told 
him he couldn't without paying for them ; the refugee 
said he would take them by force. Crane, quick as a 
flash, picked up an eel spear and held it over him, told 
him to drop the fish or he would run it in him. Seeing 
a serious fight now before them, Johnson who stood on 
the meadows by the other two tories instantly knocked 
one of them with his powerful fist into the salt pond, 
musket and all, then grasped the musket leaning against 
the boat, brought it to bear upon the other who was so 
startled by the unexpected turn of afi'airs that he had 
started to run and told him to drop his musket instantly, 
or he would shoot ; the terrified man did as ordered. 
Johnson and Crane then took the muskets ; the refugees 
were let go with a reasonable warning against again at- 
tempting to steal fish. 

The notorious John Bacon, the refugee leader, had 
before the war worked a year or so in the Crane family 
as a farm laborer. 

It is said that on another evening a prominent Whig 
ntfmed Silas Crane, of the same family as Seth, was severe- 
ly wounded at his own house. It being warm weather, 
the front door was open and also a window on the op- 
posite side of the room by which Crane sat. Happening 



MANNAHAWKIX IN TlIK ItEVOLUTIOX. 177 

to look out of tlie door lie got ii glimpse of two or three 
meu with muskets, ^^'c*., and knowing the refugees had 
threatened him, he sprang out the window^ ; as he jumped 
he was tired upon and though severely wounded in the 
thigh managed to escape. Captain Raudol])]! himself at 
one time was surprised, taken })ris(nier and taken to a 
swamp and tied to a tree, l)ut managed to escape. He 
and his brave comrades just previous to the battle of 
Monmouth, marched on foot, though the weather Avas 
most intensely hot, to join Washington's force, but w^ere 
unexpectedly prevented from joining him in season ; tra- 
ditionar}' accounts fail to give a reason for their going so 
near yet not actually participating, yet the history of 
that battle and Washington's disposition of his forces 
satisfactorily accounts for it. Washington had stationed 
General Morgan at 8humar"s Mills with positive orders 
not to move until he should again hear from him, and 
through that ever memorable day Morgan was compelled 
to listen to the distant firing and burned with impatience 
for orders to join, but the orders did not come. The 
Mannahawkin militia when they got to Shumar's Mills 
would most probably be placed under Morgan's com- 
mand and this would account for their not participating. 
The goodly village of Mannahawkin is fertile in in- 
teresting local reminiscences. The name of Mannahawkin 
is an Indian word signifying " good corn land ;" its his- 
tory shows it could also boast of its good meu. In the 
company which lately left that village for the seat of war 
it is gratifying as well as significant to see among them 
so many descendants of active heroes of the revolution ; 
it proves them worthy sons of noble sires. 

A PATRIOT WOUNDED ; ANOTHER CAPTURED — THE MANNA- 
HAWKIN MILITIA, AND THE BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. 

Another account says that one w'arm summer even- 
ing during the war there had been religious services at 
the church at Mannahawken. After services the minister 
went home watli one of the Cranes (Silas Crane, we think 
it was,) when the minister and Crane sat conversing until 



178 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

late in tlie evening. The front door was open, and also 
a window on tlie opposite side of the room, by which 
Crane sat. At length, happening to look at the front 
door. Crane got the glimpse of two or three men with 
muskets, and knowing the Refugees had threatened his 
life, he sprang through the back window. As he jumped 
he was fired upon, and though severel}^ wounded in the 
thigh he managed to escape. 

The notorious Refugee leader, John Bacon, it is said, 
worked as a farm laborer, a year or two for the Crane 
family, before the war. 

Captain Randolph and his heroic militia, just pre- 
vious to the battle of * Monmouth, marched on foot, 
though the weather was intensely hot, to join Washing- 
tern's forces beyond Freehold, but were unexpectedly 
prevented from engaging in the battle. Tradition fails 
to give a reason wh}' they went so near and yet did not 
participate, l)ut the history of the battle and of Wash- 
ington's disposition of his forces sufficiently explain it. 
Washington had stationed General Morgan at Shumar's 
Mill's (near Blue Ball), with positive instructions not to 
move until he should receive orders, and through that 
memorable battle Morgan was compelled to listen all 
day to the distant firing, chafing with impatience for 
orders to join, but orders failed to come. The Manna- 
hawkin militia, when they got to Shumar's Mills, were 
probably placed under Morgan's command, and this 
would account for their not participating in the battle. 

During the war Captain Randolph was one night 
surprised in bed at home by Refugees, taken prisoner 
and carried to a swamp and tied to a tree, but managed 
to escape. At another time the Refugees surrounded 
and searched his house while he was in it, but his wife 
successfull}' concealed him under feathers in a cask. 

WILLIAM GIBERSON, THE REFUGEE, AND THE MANNAIIAWKIN 

MILITIA. 

During the war the Refugee leaders appear to have 
had our shore divided into districts. Davenport and his 
men had Dover township for their "stamping" ground; 



MANNAHAAVKIN IN THE REVOLUTION. 179 

Bacoii from Cedar Creek to Parkertowii, below West 
Creek ; around Tiickertou and below it Joe Mnlliner and 
Giberson, from their headquarters at the forks of the 
Mullica river, sallied forth on their predatory excursions. 
These men do not appear to have left their respective 
districts except to aid their confederates. 

One time Bill Giberson (as he was usually called) 
with a part of his baud, suddenly appeared at Tuckerton, 
and thinking they were safe, went to Daniel Falkin- 
burgh's tavern (where Dr. Page's house now is) and de- 
termined to have a good time. They began by making 
night hideoiis with their bacchanalian revels. Some of 
the villagers at once sent word to the Manuahawkiu 
militia, and Sylvester Tilton and three or four more 
started in a farm wagon to attempt to capture or dis- 
perse the outlaws. Giberson was informed by a Tory 
that the militia had been sent for, and so he retreated 
towards the landing, to a good position near his boats, 
and when the militia arrived he poured into their ranks 
such a volley that they were compelled to retreat, as they 
found the Refugees were in greater force than had been 
represented. 

The militia jumped into their wagon and drove back, 
followed by Giberson and his men, who pursued them to 
"West Cieek bridge, where the Refugees halted. This 
little affair was about the only one during the war that 
gave the Refugees a chance to boast, and so they often 
related the story with great glee and much exaggeration. 
But after all, there was but little to brag about, in a 
strong force causing the weak one to retreat. As the 
militia were driving over West Creek crossing a mishap 
occurred to the wagon-tongue — one end dropping down, 
which checked them long enough to allow the Refugees 
to fire again, but fortunately without effect. 

Giberson was wounded by the patriots during the 
Avar, and the particulars are thus given in Mickle's 
Reminiscences of Camden : 

" Captain John Davis was sent Avith a company of 
men to Egg Harbor. Here his lieutenants, Benjamin 



180 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Bates and Richard Howell, were iuformeJ that the Refu- 
gee officers were concealed in a certain house. They 
called early in the morning and found and captured 
William Giberson and Henry Lane, both Refugee lieu- 
tenants, the former a notorious rascal, who had commit- 
ted many outrages and killed one or two Americans in 
cold blood. On their way to the quarters of Davis' 
company, Giberson called Bates' attention to something- 
he pretended to see at a distance, and while Bates was 
looking that way, Giberson started and ran the other 
way, and being a fast runner, made his escape, although 
Bates fired his musket. The next day Bates Avent to 
hunt for him at the same house, and while opening the 
door heard the click of a musket-lock behind a large tree 
within a few feet of him, and turning around saw Giber- 
son taking aim at him. Bates dropped on his knees, and 
the ball went through the rim of his hat. Giberson then 
started to run, but before he got many rods Bates gave 
him a load of buckshot, which broke his leg. Giberson 
was then well guarded and taken to Burlington jail, 
whence he finally escaped to New York." 

Tradition says that Giberson escaped from Burling- 
ton jail by assistance of his sister. She obtained per- 
mission to visit him, and while in the cell exchanged 
clothes with him. So strikingly did they resemble each 
other that when he came out of the cell the jailor thought 
it was the sister, and actually helped him in the wagon 
and thus he escaped. 

Mickle corroborates the Stafford and Egg Harbor 
traditions in regard to the marvelous strength and 
activity of Giberson and his sister. It is said that " at a 
hop, skip and jump he could clear an ordinary Egg Har- 
bor wagon," and was fleet-footed as an Indian ; and that 
his sister could stand in one hogshead, and without 
touching her hands, would jump into another by its side. 

After the war Giberson's sister, it is probable, re- 
moved to Salem county, as traditions there speak of a 
woman named Giberson w^o could perform the feat of 
leaping from one hogsnead into another. Giberson him- 



MANNAHAWKIN IN THE REVOLUTION. 181 

self went to Nova Scotia, with other Refugees, about 
1783, but after a few years he returned to Atlantic county, 
where he settled down to a peaceful life. 

Mrs. Leah Black man says the house where Giberson 
sought refuge, when Bates was seeking him, was on a 
small lot below Tuckerton, between the farms of James 
Downs and Dr. T. T. Price, and that he had a rude hut 
in the centre of a thicket, called Oak Swamp, in the 
neighborhood of Down Shore. This hut was composed 
of branches of trees, leaves and moss, and called " Giber- 
son's Nest." She says he was wounded by a hickory 
tree near Downs' farm, and this tree was frequently 
pointed out to her. 

WHALE FISHERY. 



A license to engage in whale fishery was granted 
February 14, 1678, to Joseph Huet, Thomas Ingram, 
Richard Davis, Isaac Benit, Randal Huet, Thomas Huet, 
Henry Leonard, Thomas Leonard, John Whitlock, John 
Crafford (Cranford), Thomas Applegate and Charles 
Dennis, " twelve persons or more," the}- having made 
proposals to undertake the fishing trade. They were 
licensed to take whales or like great fish between Barne- 
gat and the eastern part of the Province, and to pay for 
the privilege one-twentieth of the oil. 



182 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES, 

EXECUTION OF A SPY. 



One affair wliicli caused the most intense excitement 
tliroughout old Monmouth, and elsewhere during the war 
of the Revolution, was the arrest, trial and execution of a 
young man named Stephen Edwards, on the charge of 
being a spy for the British. Though reference to it is 
rarely met with in our histories, yet there were but few 
events in the county during the Revolution, that created 
a greater sensation than did this. 

One of the officers who tried Edwards, and assisted 
at his execution, was Captain Joshua Huddy, and this 
furnished one of the excuses the refugees gave for his in- 
human murder near the Highlands some three years after. 
On the trial of the refugee leader. Captain Richard Lip- 
j)encott, by a British Court Martial at New York, in the 
Summer of 1782, for his participation in the hanging of 
Huddy, refugee witnesses testified that even while Huddy 
was a prisoner in their hands, and but a few days before 
his death, he boldly acknowledged his participation, and 
justified it on the ground that he was found with treason- 
able papers in his possession, which conclusively proved 
him to be a spy. 

The following account of Stephen Edwards arrest, 
trial and execution, from "Howe's Collections" is believed 
to be substantially correct : 

Stephen Edwards, a young man, in the latter part of 
the war, left his home in Shrewsbiiry and joined the 
loyalists (refugees) in New York. From thence he was 
sent by Colonel Taylor of the refugees, -a former resident 
of Middletown, back to Monmouth county, with written 
instructions to ascertain the force of the Americans there. 
Information having been conveyed to the latter, Captain 
Jonathan Forman of the cavalry, Avas ordered to search 
for him. Suspecting he might l)e at his father's residence 
half a mile below Eatontown, he entered at midnight 
with a party or men, and found him in bed with his wife, 
disguised in the night cap of a female. 

"Who have you here ? " said Formau. 



CArr.ux JOSHUA huddy. 183 

•' A lal)()i'iu|^ woman," replied Mrs. Edwards. 

The captain detected the dis<i;ui8e, aud on looking 
under the bed, saw Edwards' clothing, which he ex- 
amined, and in which he fonnd the papers given him by 
Colonel Taylor. 

He then said, " Edwards, I am sorry to] find you ! 
You see these papers ? You have brought yourself into 
n very disagreeable situation — you know the fate of 
spies !" 

Edwards denied the allegation, remarking that he 
was not such aud couhl not so be considered. 

This occurred on Satiirday night. The prisoner was 
taken to the Court House, tried by a Court Martial next 
day, and executed at 10 o'clock on Monday morning. 
Edwards' father and mother had come up that morning 
to ascertain the fate of their sou, aud returned with the 
corpse. Edwards was an amiable young man. The For- 
mau aud Edwards families had been on terms of inti- 
mate friendship, and the agency of the members of the 
former in the transaction, excited their deepest sympa- 
thies for the fate of the unfortunate prisoner. 

The guilt of Edwards was conclusively proven ; deep 
sympathy was felt for his parents and wife, but the perils 
of the patriots at this time were so great that prompt 
and decisive action was necessary for their own preser- 
vation. 

The foolhardiness of Edwards in keeping treason- 
able papers about him was remarkable. Some features 
of this aflair will remind the reader of the unfortunate 
Major Andre. It is probable that Edwanlswas executed 
about September, 1778. 

CAPTAIN JOSHUA HUDDY, 



THE HEllO OF TOMS IIIVER. 

Among the multitude of heroic men furnished by 
our State in aid of the struggle for independence, the 
name of Captain Joshua Huddy should ever occupy a 
conspicuous place in the memory of Jerseymen. Y"et 



184 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

when we recall his daring deeds, his patriotic efforts and 
sacrifices, and his unfortunate end, it is doubtful if less 
justice has been done to the services and memory of any- 
other hero of his day. Though the Continental Congress, 
as well as General Washington and other noted men tes- 
tified their warm appreciation of his services; though 
his name at one time was a household word, not only 
throughout this country but at the courts of England and 
France ; and though his unfortunate death and its con- 
sequences, for a time caused the most intense excite- 
ment on both sides of the Atlantic, yet in the substance 
of the language of a report adopted by Congress in 1837, 
" It is fearful to state that after a lapse of fifty years, 
while the services of others of so much less merit have 
been made the theme of the biographer and the poet, 
the memory of Huddy has not been honored with an 
epitaph. His country, it would seem, has outlived the re- 
collection of his services, and forgotten that such a vic- 
tim was sacrificed for American liberty." 

OUTLINE OF CAPTAIN HUDDY'S LIFE. 

The following extracts from the archives of the State 
Department of New Jersey, were furnished in 1837 to a 
Congressional committee at the request of the chairman, 
by the late Governor Philemon Dickenson : 

" Captain Joshua Huddy is appointed by an act of the 
Legislature, passed Sept. 24, 1777, to the command of a 
company of artillery, to be raised from the militia of the 
State, and to continue in service not exceeding one year. 

"In the accounts of the paymaster of militia there 
is an entry of a payment made on the 30th of July, 1778, 
to Captain Joshua Huddy, of the artillery regiment for 
services at Haddonfield, under Colonel Holmes. In the 
same accounts a payment is also made to Captain Huddy 
on the 1st of July, 1779, for the use of his horses in the 
artillery." 

Ca])tain Huddy, witli other prisoners, was taken to 
New York and lodged in the noted Sugar House prison, 
from whence he was taken on Monday, April 1st, 1782, 
to the prison of the Provost Guard in New Nork, where 



CAPTAIN JOSHUA HUDDY. 185 

he was closely coutiued until Monday, April 8th, Avlien he, 
Avitli Daniel Randolph and Jacob Fleming (both of whom 
were taken prisoners with Hnddv at Toms River, bnt 
soon exchanged for two tories, named Captain Cla^'ton 
Tilton and Aaron White), were taken on board a sloop 
and ironed. 

The following is a copy of the order to the Commis- 
sary of Prison at New York, to deliver him to the care of 
Captain Richard Lippencott, of the Refugees, to be taken 
on board the sloop : 

New York, April 7th, 1782. 

Sill: — Deliver to Captain Richard Lipjjencott the 
three following prisoners : Lieutenant Joshua Huddy, 
Daniel Randolph and Jacob Fleming, to take down to the 
Hook, to procure the exchange of Captain Clayton Tilton 
and two other associated Loyalists. 

By order of the Board of Directors of Associated 
Loyalists. 

8. S. Blowers, Secretary. 
To Mr. Commissary Challoner. 

Huddy, Randolph and Fleming were kept in irtms 
in the hold of the sloo}), until Tuesday evening, April 
9th, Avhen they were transferred to the guardship at 
Sandy Hook. Tlu^, ship was the British man-of-war Bri- 
tannia, Captain Morris. Farly on thel2tli Lippencott came 
on board the slii}) for Huddy and showed (^iptain Morris 
two papers, one being a label which was afterward fas- 
tened to Huddy 's breast, (^iptain Morris asked Li})pen- 
cott what he intended to do with Huddy. Lippencott 
replied that he intended to put in execution the orders 
of the Board of Associated Loyalists of New Y'^ork, which 
w^as to hang Huddy. He borrowed a rope from Captain 
Morris, and then proceeded on his infamous mission. 
Huddy was then taken ashore at the Highlands where a 
gallows was erected from three rails and a barrel placed 
under it from which he was launched into eternity. The 
label attached to his breast had the following inscrip- 
tion : 

"AVe, the refugees, having long beheld with grief the 
cruel murders of our brethren, and finding nothing but 
such measures daily carrvinti into execution ; we there- 



186 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

fore determine not to suffer without taking vengeance 
for the numerous cruelties, and thus begin, having made 
use of Captain Huddy as the first object to present to 
your view, and determine to hang man for man while 
there is a refugee existing. 

UP GOES HUDDDY FOR PHIL. WHITE." 

Captain Huddy executed his wall under the gallows, 
signing it on the barrel from which he was a few moments 
afterward launched into another world. 

CAPTAIN HUDDY's WILL. 

The following is a copy of the will of Captain Hud- 
dy, signed by him under the gallows: 

"In the name of God, amen ; I, Joshua Huddy, of 
Middletown, in the county of Monmouth, being of sound 
mind and memory, but expecting shortly to depart this 
life, do declare this my last will and testament : 

" First : I commit my soul into the hands of Almighty 
God, hoping he may receive it in mercy ; and next I com- 
mit my body to the earth. I do also appoint my trusty 
friend, Samuel Forman, to be my lawful executor, and 
after all my just debts are paid, I desire that he do di- 
vide the rest of my substance whether by book debts, 
notes or any effects whatever belonging to me, et|ually 
between my two children, Elizabeth and Martha Huddy. 

" In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my 
name this twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord 
one thousand seven hundred and eighty two. 

"Joshua Huddy." 

The will was written on half a sheet of foolcap ]iaper, 
on the back of which was the following endorsement, 
evidently written shortly after the will was executed : 

" The will of Captain Joshua Huddy, made and ex- 
ecuted the same day tlie refugees murdered him, April 
12th, 1782." 

The will was found some years ago among the pa- 
pers of his executor, the late Colonel Samuel Forman and 
subsequently came into the possession of Judge Benning- 
ton F. Randolph, who deposited it in the library of the 
New Jerse}^ Historical Society. It was signed by Capt- 
Huddy, but was apparently written by another person. 
T he daughters named in the will subsequently became 
Elizabeth Green and Martha Piatt. The last named 



CAl^TAIN JOSHUA HUDDY. 187 

moved to Ciuciuuati where slie lived to iiu advauced age. 

"Timothy Brooks, a refugee, who was one of Lippen- 
cott's partv, testified in New York before a Board of In- 
quiry, that Huddy was executed by a neg'"o and that Lip- 
pencott shook hands with Hudd}- as the hotter was stand- 
ing on the barrel l)y Huddy's recpiest. 

After his inhuman murder his Ixxlv was left hano;- 
ing until afternoon, when the Americans came and took 
it to Freehold, to the house of Captain James Greene, 
where it was, April loth. He was buried with the honors 
of war. His funeral sermon was preached by the well 
remembered Rev. Dr. John Woodhull, pastor of the First 
Presbyterian Church, Freehold. 

The execution of Huddy was regarded by the Com- 
mander-in-Chief as a matter of such high import that, in 
anticipation of the action of Congress upon his letter, he 
had directed that the general officers of the army, and 
the officers commanding brigades and regiments, should 
assemble at West Point and decide on what measures 
should be adopted. On the 19th day of April the meet- 
ing was held at the quarters of General Heath, Avheu the 
following questions propounded by Washington were 
stated : 

" Shall there be retaliation for the murder of 
Huddy?" 

" On whom shall it be inflicted ?" 

"'How shall the victim be designated?" 

General Heath in his memoirs describes the de- 
liberations of the officers as independent of each other ; 
no conversation was permitted between them on the 
cpiestion submitted, but each one was to write his own 
opinion, seal it up, and address it to the Commander-in- 
Chief. By this process it was found the decision was 
unanimous that retaliation slnnild take place ; that it 
should be inflicted on an officer of equal rank ; and the 
designation should be made by lot from among the 
prisoners of war who had surrendered at discretion, and 
not under convention or capitulation. 

This decision was approved by Washington, who 



188 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

gave immediate information of his intention to retaliate, 
to the British Commander, unless the perpetrator of the 
bloody deed should be given up for execution. 

Baron de Grimm, in his celebrated Memoirs, states, 
without any qualifications, that George III gave orders 
"that the author of a crime lohich dishonored- the English 
nation, shoidd he given wp for ptiiiishment^' but he was 
not obeyed. It is highly probable that this statement is 
true; the writer recorded it in 1775, and from the advan- 
tageous position he occupied, must be presumed to have 
known the fact. (Vol. iv., p. 272.) 

The people of New Jersey were exasperated be3'ond 
measure afc the bloody catastrophe ; but when it was 
ascertained that the murderer would not be surrendered 
or punished, their indignation prompted the bold attempt 
to seize the miscreant by force. To effect this purpose, 
Captain Adam Hyler, of New Brunswick, having ascer- 
tained that Lippencott resided in Broad street. New 
York, with a crew disguised as a British press gang, left 
the Kills at dark in a single boat, and arrived at White- 
hall al)out nine o'clock. Here he left the boat in charge 
of a few men, and passed directly to Lippencott's house, 
where, on inquiry, it was ascertained he had gone to 
Cock Pit. (Naval Magazine, November, 1839.) The ex- 
pedition of course failed ; but the promptness with which 
it was conducted proves the devotion of the brave men 
who were engaged in the common cause, and their exe- 
cration of Buddy's assassin. 

The demand for Lippencott having been refused, 
General Washington, on the 4th of May, directed Briga- 
dier-General Hogan to designate by lot, from among the 
prisoners at either of the posts in Pennsylvania or Mary- 
land, a British Captain who had been unconditionally 
surrendered. As it was ascertained that no such officer 
was in his power, a second order was issued on the' 13th 
of May, extending the selection to the officers who had 
been made prisoners by convention or capitulation. 
Under this last dispatch, the British Captains who had 



CAPTAIN JOSHUA HUDDY. 189 

been captured at Yorktowii were assembled at Lancaster, 
Pennsylvania, and the lot fell upon Captain Asgill. 

Charles Asgill was a Captain of the guards, of a 
noble family, and at the time he was designated to suffer, 
but nineteen years of age. He was captured at York- 
town, confined during the winter of 1781-82 at Winches- 
ter, in Virginia, and had been removed but a short time 
to York, Pennsylvania, when the lot was cast against 
him. 

Captain Asgill was conducted to Philadel})liia, and 
from thence was removed to Chatham. He was accom- 
panied by his friend, Major Gordon, who attended him 
with the devotion of a parent to a child. 

In the meanwhile the execution was suspended, but 
every effort was exerted, every plan that ingenuity could 
devise or sympathy suggest adopted to save the iunocent 
sufferer. Major Gordon appealed tu the French Minister, 
then in Philadelphia ; he wrote to the Count de Eochem- 
beau, and despatched messengers to numerous influential 
Whigs throughout the Colonies to interest them in be- 
half of his friend ; and so eloqiient and importunate were 
his appeals, that it is said by General Graham, " that 
even the family of Captain Hudd}^ became themselves 
suppliants in Asgill's favor." These untiring exertions 
unquestionably contributed to postpone the fate of the 
victim until the final and successful intercession of the 
French Court obtained his release. 

When Lady Asgill heard of the peril which im- 
pended over her son, her husband was exhausted by dis- 
ease, and while the effecb of the intelligence was pent 
powerfully uj) in her mind, it produced delirium in that 
of her daughter. lender all these embarrassments she 
a})plied to King George the III., who, it is said, ordered 
the cause of this measure of retaliation, the wretched 
Lippencott, to be delivered up, which Clinton contrived 
to avoid. She did not cease her importunities until she 
had dictated a most eloquent and impassioned appeal to 
the Count de Vergennes, who laid it before the King and 
Queen of France, and was immediately directed to com- 



190 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

municate with General Wasliiugton and implore the re- 
lease of the sufferer. A letter, says the Barou de Grimm, 
" the eloquence of which, independent of oratorical 
forms, is that of all people, and all languages, because it 
derives its power from the first and noblest sentiment of 
our nature." 

For seven months the fate of this interesting young 
officer remained suspended, when, chiefly through the 
intercession of the French Court, he was set at liberty. 
The following are the proceedings of Congress directing 
his discharge : 

Thursday, November 7, 1782. 

On the report of the Committee, consisting of Mr. 
Rutledge, Mr. Osgood, Mr. Montgomery, Mr. Boudinot, 
and Mr. Duane, to whom was referred the letter of the 
19tli of August last, from the Commander-in-Chief, the 
report of a committee thereon, and tlitj motives of Mr. 
Williamson and Mr. Rutledge ; and also, another letter 
from the Commander-in-Chief, with a copy of a letter to 
him from the Count de Vergennes, dated July 29tli last, 
intercedino- for Captain Asgill : 

Resolved, That the Commander-in-Chief be, and he 
hereby is directed, to set Captain Asgill at liberty. 

A copy of the foregoing proceedings and resolution 
was forwarded by General Washington to Captain Asgill, 
together with a letter, given below, which exhibits the 
moral excellence, the great and commanding attributes 
that always distinguished the Father of his Country. 
" The decision of General Washington in this delicate 
affair, the deep interest felt by the American people for 
the youthful sufferer, the pathetic appeals of Lady Asgill 
to the Count de Vergennes in behalf of her son (in the 
language of Congress in 1837), forms one of the most im- 
portant and instructive portions of revolutionar}- his- 
tory. 

GENERAL WASHINGTON TO CAPTAIN ASGILL. 

Sir : — It affords me singular satisfaction to have it 
in my power to transmit to you the enclosed copy of an 
act of Congress of the 7th inst., by which you are relieved 



TOMS RIA'EU DURING THE UEVOLUTION. 191 

from the disagreeable circiimstaucos iu which you liave 
been so long. Supposing that you would wish to go to 
New York as soon as possible, I also enclose a passport 
for that purpose. Your letter of the 18th came regularly 
to my hands. I beg of you to believe that my not answer- 
ing it sooner did not proceed from inattention to you, or a 
want of feeling for your situation ; but I daily expected 
a determination of your case, and I thought it better to 
await that than to feed you with hopes that might in the 
end i^rove fruitless. You will attribute my detention of 
the enclosed letters, which have been in my possession 
a fortnight, to the same cause. I cannot take leave of 
you, sir, without assuring you that, in whatever light my 
agency in this unpleasant affair may be viewed, I was 
never influenced throughout the whole of it b}' san- 
guinary motives, but what I conceived to be a sense of 
duty, which londh' called upon me to use measures, how- 
ever disagreeable, to prevent a repetition of those 
enormities which have been the subject of discussion ; 
and that this important end is likely to be answered 
Avithout the effusion of the blood of an innocent person, 
is not a greater relief to 3'ou than it is to me. 

Sir, &c. George Washington. 

Immediately after this letter released him, Ca})tain 
Asgill prepared himself to return to England, and in a 
short time embarked. The second letter of Lady Asgill 
to Count de A^ergennes contained the eloquent outpour- 
ings of a grateful heart. 

TOMS RIVER DURING THE REVOLUTION. 



During the Revolutionary war, Toms River, for such 
a small village, was evidently quite a busy, lively place, 
betvveen the militia, the Refugees and the arrival and 
departure of privateers and their prizes ; the arrival of 
boats and teams with salt from the several works along 
thebaj^; the departure of teams for "West Jersey with 
salt, oysters, fish, etc., and their return with merchandise ; 
the visits of business men from different parts of the 



192 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

State to purchase captured vessels or their cai'goes, and 
the rafts or scows from the sawmills with lumber for ves- 
sels to carry to places in the State when they could run 
with safety. It would seem also that sometimes pleasure 
or fishing parties from other places visited the village, as 
on the 14th of May, 1780, Major John Van Emburgh, of 
Middlesex county, and eight or nine men came to Toms 
River to go out on a fishing excursion, but they were 
surprised in bed by the Refugees and made prisoners, 
and put on board of a vessel to be sent to New York. 
They were fortunate enough, however, to escape a few 
days after. 

Near Toms River bridge were buildings owned by 
men engaged in the manufacture of salt. They were used 
to store salt from the various works along the bay, and 
also for jjrovisions and supplies for men employed in the 
manufacture and transportation of this article. In 1777 
Colonel John Morris, of the New Jersey Royal Volun- 
teers, a Refugee organization, was sent to destroy these 
buildings. But a man named John Williams " had 
placed the significant letter ' R ' on them by order of 
General Skinner" (says Sabine, in his Histcny of Loyal- 
ists). General Cortlandt Skinner was in the British ser- 
vice and commander of a brigade of about eleven hun- 
dred New Jersey Refugees, or Royalists, as they called 
themselves. No explanation is given of what was meant 
by " the significant letter R," but the inference is that 
some of the owners had accepted papers guaranteeing 
British protection, which were given by John Lawrence 
(of Lawrence's line note), and perhaps others, to all who 
signed a pledge not to aid the Americans, but to adhere 
to the Crown. The partnership business in some of the 
salt works above Toms River, which had their depot in 
the village, seems at times to have perplexed armed par- 
ties of both sides, as some owners Avere known active 
patriots, and others sympathized with the British. A 
British expedition from New York in 1778 destroyed 
works at the head of the bay, which were owned in part 
by Loyalists, much to their dissatisfaction and to the 
gratification of the Americans. 



TOMS RIVER DURING THE REVOLUTION. 19:> 

The soldiers stationed at Toms Eiver duiin^j; tlie 
war were mainly twelve months' men, but probablv oc- 
casionally by men who were to serve lour months, at the 
expiration of which time they could be relieved, unless 
in actual service against the enemy. Among the officers 
who were stationed here were Captains Ephraim Jenkins, 
James Mott, John Stout and Joshua Huddy. Captain 
Mott had command of a company called the Sixth Com- 
pany of Dover, and Captain Stout, of the Seventh Com- 
pany of Dover. The Fifth Company of militia was com- 
manded by Captain Reuben F. Randolph, of Manna- 
hawkin. The commissions of some of these men are in 
the library of the New Jersey Historical Society. 

It would seem that a number of soldiers from Penn- 
sjdvania were also stationed not far from the village, as 
the Pennsylvania State Council, November 2, 1776, 
ordered that an officer and twenty-five men be sent to 
Toms River to guard salt works erected by tliat State, 
the soldiers to take twenty-five spare muskets, two 
howitzers and a sufficient quantity of ammunition for 
defence in case of attack. On the 8tli of April, 1777, the 
following resolution was passed b}- the Continental Con- 
gress : 

" Resolved, That it be recommended to the Governor 
and Council of Safety of New Jersey not to call into the 
field such part of their militia, not exceeding forty, as 
are necessarily employed in the salt works now erecting 
in their State by the Governor of Pennsylvania ; provided 
it be not inconsistent with the laws of the State." 

To this the New Jersey Council of Safety made the 
following reply : 

" The exemption above recommended is inconsistent 
with the militia law of the State, but if the Government 
of Pennsylvania will carry on said works with the in- 
habitants of their own commonwealth, care shall be 
taken to have them exempted as above, though they will 
also be liable to be called into the field b}- the said act 
as it now stands, as becoming, by their residence here, 
subjects of this State to that purpose. 

" William Livingston." 

The duties of the militia stationed at Toms River 



194 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

were to guard the inhabitants from depreciations by the 
Refugees ; to check contraband trade with the enemy at 
New York by way of Cranberry Inlet, and to aid our 
privateers who brought vessels into the inlet. 

Cranberry Inlet, nearly opposite the mouth of Toms 
River, Avas then open, and perhaps the best inlet on the 
coast, except Little Egg Harbor. On this account it was 
a favorite base of operations for American privateers on 
the lookout for vessels carrying supplies to the British 
at New York. 

PRIVATEERING AT TOMS RIVER AND 
VICINITY. 



In the early part of 1778 Captain Peter Anderson, 
in a boat vvdtli sixteen men, captured the sloop "Hazard" 
and brought her into Toms River. She was loaded with 
Irish beef and pork. The Court of Admiralty to adjust 
his claim and that of his men, for their prize was held at 
AUentown, at the house of Gilbert Barton. 

About the first of August, 1778, the British ship 
"Love and Unity" was run ashore, it was said designedly, 
on the beach nearly opposite Toms River. She had a 
valuable cargo, consisting of eighty hogsheads of loaf 
sugar, several thousand bottles of London porter and 
Bristol beer, and other articles. She was taken posses- 
sion of by the militia from Toms River and brought into 
Cranberry Inlet. This ship was one of the most valu- 
able prizes captured by the Americans in this vicinity. 
A Court of Admiralty was held at the Court House at 
Trenton, August '28, 1778, to try the claim of Benjamin 
Pratt and others of her captors. The ship was adver- 
tised to be sold by the Marshal, John Stokes, at Toms 
River, August 31, together with a part of her cargo, con- 
sisting- of Bristol beer, cider, porter, salt, flour, cheese, 
red and white wine. Queen's and delf ware, double-flint 
wine glasses and tumblers, etc. A part of her cargo had 
been removed to Manasquau, and was advertised to be 
sold ten days later, on September 2d. The ship was re- 



riilVATEERING AT TOMS RIVEl! AND VKIMJV. 1^5 

named the "Washiugtou" by the piiicliasers at the sale. 
She was too valuable for the British not to attempt to 
regain her. ()u September 18, a little over two weeks 
after her sale, two British armed ships aud two brigs 
came close to the bar of the inlet where they lay all 
night. Next morning between 7 aud 8 o'clock they sent 
in seven armed boats and retook the ship, aud also took 
two sloops near the bar and caj^tured most of their 
crews. The American captain of the ship and most of 
his men escaped to the main land. The pilot of the 
British expedition was the notorious William Dilhju, 
who had just before been in Freehold Jail under sentence 
of death. After the American captain of the ship reached 
shore, a refugee named Robert McMuUen, who had been 
in Freehold Jail and condemned to death with Dillon 
but pardoned, jumped into the boat, hurrahing for the 
British and rowed off and joined them. 

In the early part (jf March, 1779, the sloop " Suc- 
cess" came ashore on the north beach and was made a 
prize of by the militia under John, probabl}- the John 
Price of Goodluck, known as Major after the war. The 
sloop proved to be a valuable prize, as she was loaded 
with molasses, coffee, cocoa, rum, etc. She had previous- 
ly been captured by the British brig "Diligence" and a 
prize master aud three men put on board of her to take 
her to New York. When she came ashore the prize mas- 
ter and the three men were made prisoners and sent to 
Princeton. She was advertised to be sold as she lay on 
Island Beach, by order of the Court of Admiralty, hj 
Joseph Potts, Marshal, on April 7, 1779, the sale to take 
place at Toms River ; her cargo was to be sold at the 
same time. On the 26th of April, Marshal Potts pub- 
lished the following or<ler : 

"The people concerned in capturing the sloop "Suc- 
cess" are desired to meet me at the house of Daniel 
Griggs at Toms River, on Thursday the 13th of May 
next, to receive their proportion of the moneys arising 
from the sales of said sloo]) and cargo. All persons indel>ted 
for goods bought at above sale are requested to make 
immediate payment to Mr. Abiel Akins at Toms River, 



196 HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

or to the subscriber at Cranberry, that ho may be able to 
close the accounts by the time mentioned. 

Joseph Potts." 

Major John Cook, who was killed in the action at 
the Block House, was a resident of Toms River and in- 
terested in privateering. He captured the sloop " Fanny," 
Captain Bell, and his claim was adjudicated at a Court 
held at the house of Gilbert Barton, AUentown, February 
24, 1779. 

John Chadwick had a claim before the same Court 
for the capture of the schooner "Hope." This vessel and 
the " Fanny," captured by Major Cook, were brought to 
Toms River and they and their cargoes, consisting of 
pitch, tar, salt and other articles, were advertised to be 
sold here March 1, 1779, by Joseph Potts, Marshal. 

John Kaighn about the same time, claimed as a prize 
the sloop "Experiment." The vessel and her cargo, 
which consisted of 1,500 bushels of salt, was at the Union 
Salt Works, Manasquan, and she was advertised to be 
sold May 7, 1779. No particulars are given of her cap- 
ture, but it was alleged that some persons in that vi- 
cinity owning salt works or shares in them, were British 
sympathizers and had accepted papers guaranteeing 
British protection to obtain which they had to pledge al- 
legiance to the Crown to agents of the British. John 
Lawrence, the noted surveyor who ran the celebrated 
Lawrence Line between East and West Jersey, was the 
most prominent agent of the British in secretly traveling 
around and persuading people to accept British protec- 
tion ; he was finally arrested for it by the Americans and 
imprisoned in Burlington Jail. The Union Salt Works 
above named, were advertised to be sold March 24, 1779, 
by Nathaniel Lewis, Joseph Newbold and John Kaighn, 
all probably of West Jersey. 

Joseph Salter advertised to sell May 2, 1779, the 
sloop "Lively," together with her cargo of lumber, at the 
h(/use of John Cooke (Major John Cooke). It is not 
stated Avhy the vessel was to be sold. She may have been 
the private property of Salter, who, it is su[)posed, re- 



TRIVATEERING AT TOMS RIVER AND VICINITY. 197 

moved from Toms Kivor about this time. The mentiou 
of lumber shows that the lumber business was still car- 
ried on in the vicinity. 

In the latter part of 1780, Captain Joshua Studson of 
Toms River took two prizes, the schooner "John" and 
sloop " Catherine," in Raritan Bay, near south side of 
Stateu Island. The prizes were taken to Middletowu 
Point. The Admiralty Court to adjust claims for these 
prizes was held at the house of Isaac Wood, Mount Hol- 
ly, and the vessels were advertised to be sold at Mon- 
mouth Court House, January 1, 1781. Just a month be- 
fore this, Captain Studson was killed by the Refugee 
Bacon at the inlet, opposite Toms River. 

About the close of the year 1780, Captain Samuel 
Bigelow, who, before the war, lived on Wrangle Brook, a 
short distance from Toms River, captured a prize under 
the following circumstances: The brig "Dove," from 
Tortola, West Indies, bound to New York, fell short of 
water and provisions ; her master. Captain Hannel, mis- 
took this coast for Long Island and sent a boat with four 
men ashore to obtain supplies. These men Avere retained, 
and Captain Bigelow and others manned two boats and 
went out and captured the brig and brought her up to 
Toms River without difficulty. The brig, with her cargo 
of 140 puncheons of rum, was advertised to be sold at 
Toms River, January 3, 1781, by John Burrowes, Mar- 
shal. On the 25th of January, 1781, Captain Bigelow and 
Samuel Allen had their claims for prize money for these 
sales before a Court held at the house of Gilbert Barton, 
Allentown. 

Captain Bigelow also made a prize of another vessel 
called the "Betsey," which had belonged to citizens of 
Delaware, where she was taken by the British out of a 
place called Muskmelon Creek. On her way to New 
York she was driven in a storm ashore near the bar of 
Cranberr}', where Captain Bigelow recaptured her. His 
prize claim was adjusted at a Court held at the house of 
Isaac Woods, Mount Holly. 

On January 24, 1780, a sale at the house of James 



198 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Lippencott, Toms River, was advertised to take place, by 
Zacliariah Rossell, Marshal, of a cpiautity of rum ; also 
of sails, rigging and hull of ship lying at Cranberry Inlet. 
Perhaps the sloop was the " Betsey," captured by Gapt. 
Bigelow. 

James E-andolph and Moses Eobbins, of Toms 
River, presented a claim before an Admiralty Court at 
Allentown, January 25, 1781, against the sloop "Bruns- 
wick," of which Joshua Wooding had been captain, which 
had been cast away on the beach. Randolph and Rob- 
bins' claim was on behalf of themselves, Jacob Wilcot 
and others, who took possession of the vessel. 

In the early part of 1782, just before the Block 
House at Toms R^.ver was taken by the British, Captain 
William Gray, in the privateer "Dart," of Salem, Mass., 
took a prize sloop from the British galley "Black Jack." 
Captain Gray seems to have been a driving, daring man, 
who lost no chance to annoy the enemy. It was an- 
nounced, March 1!>, 1782, that he had Ijrought his prize 
sloop to Toms River. The next day he went with his boat 
and seven men in pursuit of a British brig near the inlet. 
Unfortunately for him, instead of taking a prize, he was 
captured himself. For some time the peo})le of Toms 
River wondered what had become of him ; in August fol- 
lowing they heard that after he got out of the inlet he 
was taken prisoner and carried to Halifax, and subse- 
quently released on parole. He said he was well treated 
while a prisoner. 

While Captain Gray was cruising out of Toms River 
he captured one prize that probably was one cause of 
the expedition which captured the Block House and 
burned the village of Toms River. This prize was the 
sloop " Lucy," of which the notorious William Dillon 
was captain. She was, engaged in contraband trade from 
Egg Harbor and other shore places to New York. The 
following is a copy of the advertisement relating to Dil- 
lon's vessel published in the early part of March, 1782. 

" To all whom it may concern : 

"' Not 1X6 is Jierehi/ (jlrei), That a Court will be held at 



rRIVATEEllIXG AT TO.MS llIVEll AND VICINITY. 199 

the house of James Green, at Freeliokl, iu the couuty of 
Monmouth, on the IGth day of March next, at the hour 
of ten o"fh3ek of the forenoon of the same day, then and 
there to try tlie truth of the facts alleged in the bill of 
Captain A^^illiam Gray (who as well, A:c.,) aoainst the 
sloo]) or vessel called the " Lucy," taken on her voyage 
from Egg Harbor to New York, William Dillon late mas- 
ter, with her tackle, furniture and cargo, and a negro 
man named York. To the end and intent that the OAvner 
or owners of said vessel, or any other person or persons 
interested therein, may appear and show cause, if an}- 
they have, why the said cargo and negro man should not 
be condemned lo the captors })ursuant to the i)rayer of 
said bill. Abiel Akin." 

Abie] Akin was a leading patriot of Toms River, Jus- 
tice of the Peace and prominent generally in ])ublic mat- 
ters. Captain James Green, at whose house at Freehold 
the court was to be held, it is supposed was the same 
who married Captain Joshua Huddy's daughter, and it 
was to his house, shortly after, that the body of Captain 
Huddy was brought after he was murdered by tlie Refu- 
gees near the Highlands. Many trials were held at Cap- 
tain Green's house during the war. The court to adju- 
dicate on claims relating to prize " Lucy " was to be held 
the 16th of March, which was Saturday. The following 
Saturday the British expadition from New York arrived 
at Cranberry inlet, and the next da} the Block House 
was captured and the village burned, Esquire Abiel 
Akin's house among the rest. Dillon, from whose family 
Dillon's Island derived its name, was evidently well 
actpiainted with the coast, as he was captain of a coast- 
ing vessel and had lived so near the bay. He bore no 
good will to the patriots, for he had once been sentenced 
to death by them, and now he had had his vessel caji- 
tured. The British had sent expeditions to destroy 
privateers uj) the Raritan as far as New Brunswick, and 
also at Chestnut Neck and otlier places around Egg Har- 
bor. And the expedition to Toms River, so soon after 
Dillon lost his vessel, leads to the conclusion that he 
went to New York and induced the British commandant 
there to send the expedition to Toms River and inflict 



200 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

vengeance on all persons interested in privateering, or 
who aided the patriot cause, with most of whom he was 
personally acquainted. And he was the willing pilot of 
this fleet that came to destroy his former neighbors and 
burn their homes. It was undoubtedly he who pointed 
out what houses to destroy and what to spare. The 
house of Mrs. Studson, whose husband had recently been 
murdered by Bacon, was spared, and also the house of 
Aaron Buck, whose wife was a niece of Dillon's, Buck 
having married his brother's daughter. 

Another prize brought into Toms River was the 
schooner " Speedwell," which had been captured by the 
daring Captain Adam Hyler. The " Speedwell " was 
nearly new and of about twenty-two tons burden. The 
sale of this vessel was advertised to take place at Free- 
hold June 20, 1782, at the house of Captain James Green, 
by Robert Hude and John Bray, agents. This vessel 
had been captured by the British and recaptured by 
Captain Hyler. Toms River had been burned about 
three months before this sale took place, and it is not 
probable that there were any houses in the village to 
accommodate persons who might desire to purchase the 
" Speedwell," and hence a reason for the sale at Free- 
hold. 

In the early part of 1783, some of the Maunahawkin 
militia, under the lead of Captain Joseph Randolph and 
Nathan Crane, Adjutant in the militia, made prizes of 
the schooners " Polly " and " Dilly Latta," with two hun- 
dred and two barrels of flour and fifteen kegs of bread. 
These vessels had been captured by the British and cast 
away on the beach, where they were retaken by the 
Americans. The prize claims of Captain Randolph and 
Adjutant Crane were adjudicated by a court held at the 
house of Benjamin Lawrence, Allentown, Joseph Law- 
rence, judge. 

The following account of the capture and sale of a 
prize brings to light an interesting fact in the Revolu- 
tionary history of Toms River, which is the name of one 



PRIVATEERING AT TOMS RIVER AND VICINITY. 201 

of the first, if uot the first, of the citizens of the phice 
who rel)uilt a house after the viUage was burned. 

lu the early part of 1783, Captain John Wanton, iu 
the armed boat " General Washington," captured the 
sloop " Rebecca " and brought her into Toms River. She 
had been captured by the British brig " Renown," and 
retaken by Captain Wanton. The following is a copy of 
the advertisement for her sale : 

" To be sold at public vendue, at 10 o'clock, on Fri- 
day, March 14, 1783, at the house of Moses Rol)bius, at 
head of Toms River, the sloop Rebecca, with her cargo 
of 330 barrels of flour, a few barrels of pork, S:c., lately 
captured by Captain John Wanton. 

" David Potter, Marshal." 

From the above it seems that Moses Rol)bins, who 
was wounded in the fight at the Block House, had a 
house then built suitable for. business. 

The following notice of a prize l)rought to Toms 
River by Rhode Islanders is from a certificate iu posses- 
sion of Hon. Ej^hraim P. Emson : 

" Providence, Feb. 21, 1777. 

" This may certify that Messrs. Clark and Nightin- 
gale and Captain William Rhodes have purchased here 
at vendue the schooner Popes Head, which was taken 
by the privateer "Sally and Joseph" (under our com- 
mand) and carried into Cranberry Inlet, in the Jersies, 
and there delivered to the care of Mr. James Randol])h 
by our prize masters. 

"James Maro, 
"John Fish." 

On the 9th of December, 1778, it was announced that 
a British armed vessel, bound from Halifax to Ncav York, 
and richly ladened, came ashore near Barnegat. The 
crew, about sixty in number, surrendered themselves 
prisoners to the militia. Goods to the amount of five 
thousand pounds sterling were taken out of her by our 
citizens, and a number of prisoners sent to Bordentowu, 
at which place the balance of prisoners were expected. 

In the winter of 1780^1 the British ship "Molly" 
was driven ashore in a snow storm on the beach (at what 



202 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

poiut not stated) and her crew made prisoners and sent 
to Philadelphia. 

In December, 1778, Captain Alexander, of the sloop 
" Elizabeth," of Baltimore, was taken by the British. 
He was permitted to leave in a small boat, and he landed 
at Cranberry Inlet. 

In January, 1778, the sloop "Two Friends," Captain 
Alexander Bounett, of Hispauiola, was cast away near 
Barnegat Inlet with 1,600 bags of salt, forty-eight hogs- 
heads of molasses, also a lot of rum, sugar, etc. (3nly 
160 gallons of rum was saved. The shore people went 
to their assistance, but one man was lost. Captain Bon- 
nett then shijjj^ed as a passenger in the sloop " En- 
deavor," at Toms River, for New York ; but, sad to 
relate, while she lay at the inlet at anchor a storm parted 
her cable and all on board were drowned in the bay. 

DEATH OF CAPTAIN JOSHUA 8TUDS0N. 



Captain Studson, during the Revolution, lived at 
Toms River, on the bank of the river a few hundred 
yards below the present bridge. He was a captain in the 
privateer service and was also appointed a lieutenant in 
Captain Ephraim Jenkins' company of militia, June 14, 
1780. In the latter part of 1780, Captain S Hudson took 
tAvo prizes, the schooner "John" and the sloop "Cath- 
arine," on the south side of Staten Island, in Princes or 
Raritan Bay. The jjrizes were taken to Middletown. The 
Admiralty Court, which adjusted prize claims in his case, 
met at the house of Isaac Wood, Mount Holly, and the 
vessels were advertised to be sold at public sale at Free- 
hold Court House, January 1, 1781. Just a month before 
this sale, on December 1, 1780, Studson was killed by 
the Refugee Bacon. It would seem that after taking his 
prizes to Middletown Point, he sailed down the beach and 
into the inlet, and thence up to Toms River, probably to 
la}^ up his vessel for winter. The particulars of his death 
have been handed down as follows: 

Three men living along the bay, named Asa Wood- 



DEATH OF CAl'lAIN .losHlA SITDSON. 'HV.) 

niausee, liicliaicl Baibi'V ami Thomas ("ollius, lu'ariu^ 
that farm produce was bringing exorbitant prices amou^ 
the British at New York, loailed a whale boat with truck 
from farms ak)uo; the bay and })roceeded to New York by 
way of ohl Cranberry Inlet, which was then open nearly 
opposite Toms liiver. These men were not known as 
Rsfugess, but undertook the trip merely to make a little 
money by a kind of "runnino- the blockade" business on 
a small scale. They arrived safely in New Y'ork, sold out 
their produce, and were about returning home, Avhen the 
noted Kefugee, Captain John Bacon, called on them and 
insisted on taking passage back in the whale boat. 
Much against their will they were forced to allow him to 
come on board. They arrived near Cranberry Inlet be- 
fore sundown, and lay outside iiutll after dark, being 
afraid to venture in the bay during the day. In the mean- 
time the patriot militia stationed at Toms Biver had got 
wind of their proceedings, and being determined to put 
a stop to the contraband trade, a small party under com- 
mand of Lieutenant Joshua Studson took a boat and 
went across to the inlet and concealed themselves behind 
a })oint just inside. After dark the Avhale boat came in, 
biit no sooner had it rounded the point than to the con- 
sternation of those on board they saw the boat of the 
militia so close by that there was no apparent chance of 
escape. Lieutenant Studson stood np in his boat and 
called upon them to surrender. The unfortunate specu- 
lators were unarmed and in favor of yielding, but Bacon 
knowing that his life was already forfeited, refused, and 
having his musket loaded, suddenly Hred with so deadly 
an aim that the brave lieutenant instantly dropped dead 
in the boat. The sudden, unexpected tiring, and the 
death of Studson, threw the militia int:> momentary con- 
fusion, and before they could decide how to act the 
whale boat was out of sight in the darkness. The mil- 
itia rowed back to Toms Biver the same night, and land- 
ing in front of the house, some of the numbei- wiMit uj) 
and aroused Mrs. Studson, and told her the sad news. 
His unexpected death, and so sliortly after leaving home, 



204 HISTOBY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

completely ovorwhelmed her with sorrow. The men pro- 
cured a blanket from the house and went down to their 
boat, took the body of Captain Studson and put it in the 
blanket and carried it up to the house. 

The crew of the whaleboat, knowing it was not safe 
for them to remain at home after this affair, fled to the 
British army and were forced into service, but were of 
little use as "they were sick with the small pox, and suf- 
fered everything but death," as one of them (Collins) 
said, during their stay with the British. Taking ad- 
vantage of one of General Washington's proclamations, 
oflt'eriug protection to deserters from the British army, 
they were afterwards allowed to return home. James 
Mills, an aged, respected citizen now living at Barnegat, 
born 1806, in his young days resided with one of the 
Woodmansees on the James Jones place, at Forked 
River, and frequently met one or two of these ill-starred 
blockade runners. Thomas Collins lived to an advanced 
age, and was always badly scarred from the small pox, 
which he caught within the British lines. 

Not long after the war, Mrs. Studson married a man 
named Chamberlain at Toms River. 

THE ATTACK ON TOMS RIVER. 



BURNING OF THE VILLAGE — CAPTURE OF CAPTAIN JOSHUA 
HUDDY — ^A DAY OF HORRORS. 

In giving an account of this affair we shall fii'st copj- 
a brief statement from Hares Collectiims the editor of 
which visited the place in 1842 in search of historical 
information relating to olden times in old Monmouth : 

"In the American Revolution, a riide fort or block- 
house was erected a short distance north of the bridge, 
at the village of Toms River, on a hill about a hundred 
yards east of the road to Freehold, on land now belong- 
ing to the heirs of Elijah Robbins, deceased. In the lat- 
ter part of the war, this blockhouse was attacked by a 
superior force of the enemy. Its commander, Captain 
Joshua Huddy, most gallantly defended it until his am- 



THE ATTACK ON TOMS RIVER. 205 

munitiou was expeuded and no alternative bnt surren- 
der left. After the brave little garrison was in their 
power, it is said they deliberately murdered five men ask- 
ing for quarter. From thenoe Captain Huddy, Justice 
Randolph, and the remaining prisoners were taken to 
New York, where, suffering the various progressions of 
barbarity inllicted upon those destined to a violent or 
lingering death, these two gentlemen, with a Mr. Fleming 
were put into the hold of a vessel. Captain Huddy was 
ironed hand and foot, and shortly after barbarously 
hanged on the shore of the Highlands of Navesiuk." 

The tory organ, R'n'inyti>it\s Royal Gazette, of New 
York, gave the following account of the battle : 

" On Wednesday, the 20th inst. (March, 1782,) Lieu- 
tenant Blanchard, of the armed whale boats, and" about 
eightv men belonging to them, with Captain Thomas and 
Lfeutenaut Roberts, both of the late Bucks County Vol- 
unteers, and between thirty and forty other Refugee 
loyalists, the whole under the command of Lieutenant 
Blanchard, proceeded to Sandy Hook under the convoy 
of Captain Stewart Ross, in the armed brig ' Arrogant, 
where thev were detained by unfavorable winds until the 
23d. About 12 o'clock on that night the party lauded 
near the mouth of Toms River and marched to the Block 
House at the town of Dover (now Toms River), and 
reached it just at daylight. On their way they were chal- 
lenged and fired upon, and when they came to the works 
they found the rebels, consisting of twenty-five or twenty- 
six twelve months' men and militia, apprized of their 
coming and prepared for defence. 

"The post into which the rebels had thrown them- 
selves was six or seven feet high, made wjth large logs, 
with loop-holes between and a number of brass swivels 
on the top, which was entirely open, nor was there any 
way of entering but by climbing over. They had, besides 
swivels, muskets with bayonets and long pikes for then- 
defence. Lieutenant Blanchard summoned them to sur- 
render, which they not only refused, but bid the party 
defiance ; on which he immediately ordered the place to 



206 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

be stormed, wliicli was accordingly done, and tliougli de- 
feuded with obstinacy, was soon carried. The rebels had 
nine men killed in the assault, and twelve made prisoners, 
two of whom are wounded. The rest made their escape 
in the confusion. Among the killed was a Major of the 
militia, two Captains and one Lieutenant. The Captain 
of the twelve months' meu stationed there is among the 
prisoners, who are all brought safe to town. On our side 
two were killed — Lieutenant Iredell, of the armed boat- 
men, and Lieutenant Inslee, of the Loyalists, both very 
brave oflicers, who distinguished themselves on the at- 
tack, and whose loss is much lamented. Lieutenant 
Roberts and five others are wounded, but it is thought 
none of them are in a dangerous way. .^ 

" The Town, as it is called, consisting of about a 
dozen houses, in which none but a piratical set of ban- 
ditti resided, together with a grist and saw-mill, were, 
with the Block House burned to the ground, and an iron 
cannon spiked and thrown into the river. A fine large 
barge (called Hyler's barge,) and another boat in which 
the rebels used to make their excursions on the coast, 
were brought off. Some other attempts were intended to 
have been made, but the appearance of bad weather, 
and the situation of the wounded, being without either 
surgeon or medicines, induced the party to return to New 
York where they arrived on the '25tli." 

The attack on Toms River was made on Sunday 
morning, March 24th, 1782. No Tory or Tory sympa- 
thizer was tolerated in the village of Toms River, which 
was the only reason that caused Jilclngtons Royal 
Gazette to call its people "banditti." 

Upon the approach of the British, the Americans 
opened fire so effectually that the British account acknow- 
ledges that seven were killed or wounded, though the 
damage inflicted upon them must have been greater, A 
negro Refugee killed, was left by them outside of the fort 
for the Americans to bury. 

What a terrible day to the inhabitants of Toms River 
was that memorable Sabbath ! Prol)ablv not less than a 



CAPTAIN JOHN BACON. 207 

hundred Momeu ;iud childreu Avere rendered liomeless ; 
the killed and wounded demanded immediate attention ; 
husbands and fathers were carried away captives, their 
hoTisehold goods, provisions — their all destroyed. Some 
families were entirely broken up, the heads killed, 
mothers and children scattered, never as families jneet- 
ing again. 

CAPTAIN JOHN BACON, 



THE REFUGEE LEADER OF MONMOUTH AND BURLINGTON — AN 
• outlaw's career and his DREADFUL EXD. 

This noted R3fug33 leader, who53 name is so well 
remembered by old residents of Monmouth, Ocean and 
Burlington, appears to have confined his operations 
chiefly to the lower part of old Monmouth county, be- 
tween Cedar Creek in what is now Ocean county and 
Tuckerton in Burlington County. His efforts were mainly 
directed to plundering the dwellings of all well known 
active members of the old Monmouth militia. Himself, 
and men were well acquainted with the roads and paths 
through the forests of Burlington and old Monmouth, 
and had numerous hiding places, cabins, caves, iScc, in 
the woods and swamps, where they could remain until 
some trustworthy spy informed them of a safe chance to 
venture out on what Avas then termed ^ jtl( (i.rrKniiny ex- 
pedition. 

About December 1st, 1780, Bacon killcnl Lieutenant 
Joshua Studson ; the particulars of this atiair are given 
in the chapter relating to Revolutionary events at Toms 
River during the Revolution. 

Another affair in which Bacon was a prominent actor, 
was the skirmish at Mannahawkin, in Ocean county, De- 
cember 30th, 1781. The militia of this place, under com- 
mand of Captain Reuben F. Randolph, having lieard that 
Bacon, with his band, was on a raiding expedition and 
would probably try to plunder some of the patriots in 
that village, assembled at the inn of Captain Randolph, 
prepared to give them a reception. After wait- 



208 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ing iiutil two or tliree o'clock in the morning, they cou- 
chided it was a false alarm, and so retired to rest, taking 
the precaution to put out sentinels. Just before daylight 
the Refugees came down the road from the north on 
their way to West Creek. The alarm was given and the 
militia hastily turned out, but were compelled to retreat, 
as the Rafugees had a much larger force than they anti- 
cipated. As they were retreating. Bacon's party fired 
and killed one of the patriots named Lines Pangborn 
and wounded another named Sylvester Tilton. 

After this affair Tilton removed to Colts Neck, near 
Freehold, where we believe his descendants yet live. 

BACON AT GOODLUCK, FORKED RIA^ER AND 
WARETOWN. 



On one of his picarooning or raiding exp .editions, 
Bacon, with fifteen or sixteen men, plundered the dwell- 
ing house of John Holmes at Forked River, who then 
lived at the mill known in late years as Francis Cornelius' 
mill. The party camped in the woods, near the house, 
until daylight, and then came and demanded money. Mr. 
Holmes was supposed to be somewhat forehanded, and 
they hoped to have made a good haul. In the expecta- 
tion of such a visit he had buried many of his valuables 
in his garden. The Rafugees pointed a bayonet to his 
breast and threatened to kill him if the money was not 
forthcoming. Mr. Holmes' wife happened to have some 
money about her, which she delivered up, and this 
seemed to satisfy them as far as money was concerned. 
They then ransacked the house and took provisions and 
such other things as they wanted. 

An ancient paper says that about the last of April, 
1780, " the Refugees attacked the house of John Holmes, 
Upper Freehold, and robbed him of a large amount of 
Continental money, a silver watch, gold ring, silver 
buckles, pistols, clothing, etc." It is possible that this 
refers to the same affair ; if so, it occurred in old Dover 
township instead of Tipper Freehold. 



THE MASSACRE ON LONG REACH. 209 

Bicoa's party, a: this tims, entered the liousss of 
the Prices and took whatever they couhl carry, though 
we believe these patriots, like others in those dark davs, 
kept buried in gardens and fields many things the}" feared 
the Refugees might covet. 

Among other zealous Americans for whom Bacon 
had strong antipathy were Joseph Soper and his son 
Reuben, both members of Captain Reuben F. Randolph's 
militia compau3^ They lived about half wa}' between 
Waretown and Barnegat, at a place known as " Soper's 
Landing." His attentions to the Sopers were so frequent 
that they often had to sleep in the adjacent swamps 
along Lochiel brook. 

Mr. Soper's son Reuben was murdered by Bacon on 
Long Beach, about a mile south of Barnegat Inlet. 

At one time Mr. Soper had received pay for building 
a small vessel. Wilson, a treacherous employee, acci- 
dentally was a witness to his receiving the monsy, but he 
did not know the amount. After Wilson had lett, Mr. 
Soper suspected he would inform Bacon, aid so he 
divided his money into two parcels ; a small amount in 
one parcel and the larger part in another, and then buried 
both lots in separate places not far from the house. 

Mr. Soper at this time had taken refuge in the 
swamp, and the house was occupied only by Avomen and 
young children. Their threats compelled the women to 
lead them into the garden to the spot where the smaller 
amount of money was buried, after receiving which 
they seemed to be satisfied, thinking it was all they had. 
They then returned to the house and made a clean sweep. 
Among other things taken by Bacon at this time was one 
of Mr. Soper's shirts, which afterwards served as Bacon's 
winding sheet, as he was subsequently killed with it on. 

THE MASSACRE ON LONG BEACH. 



BACON KILLS CAPTAIN STEELMAN, REUBEN SOPER AND 
OTHERS — MURDER OF SLEEPING MEN. 
This was the most atrocious affair in which Bacon 
was engaged. The inhuman massacre of sleeping men 



210 HISTORY OF aiONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

was iu keepiug with the memorable affair at Chestnut 
Neck, near Tuckertou, when Count Pulaski's guards were 
murdered by the British and Refugees. 

The massacre at Long Beach took place about a 
mile south of Barnegat light-house, and there were, we 
think, more men killed and wounded then than in any 
other action in that part of Old Monmouth now com- 
prised within the limits of Ocean county. 

A tory paper gives the following version of the affair : 

"A cutter from Ostend, bound to St. Thomas, ran 
aground on Barnegat Shoals, October 25, 1782. The 
American galley 'Alligator,' C-aptain Steelman, from 
Cape May, with twenty-five men, plundered her on 
Saturday night last of a quantity of Hyson tea and other 
valuable articles, but was attacked the same night by 
Captain John Bacon, with nine men, iu a small boat 
called the ' Hero's Revenge,' who killed Steelman and 
wounded the First Lieutenant, and all the party except 
four or five were either killed or wounded." 

In this account the number of Steelman's men is 
doubtless overestimat3d and Bacon's underestimated. 



THE DEATH OF BACON. 



The following account of the death of Bacon was 
furnished to the New York Historical Society by the late 
Governor George F. Fort. 

"John Bacon was a notorious Refugee who had com- 
mitted many depredations along the shores of Monmouth 
and Burlington counties. After having been a terror to 
the people of this section for some time, John Stewart, 
of Arneytown, (afterwards Captain Stewart), resolved, if 
possible, to take him. There had been a reward of fifty 
pounds sterling offered by the Governor and Council for 
his capture, dead or alive. A short time previous, in an 
engagement at Cedar Creek Bridge, Bacon and his com- 
pany had discomfited a considerable body of State 
troops, killing a brother of Joel Cook, Burlington county, 
which excited much alarm and exasperated the whole 
county. On the occasion of his arrest, Captain Stewart 



THE DKATH OF KACON. '211 

took with liim Joel Cook, Joliu Uiowii, TJiomus Smith, 
Johu Joues, and another persou whose uame is not recol- 
lected, and started in pursuit, Avell armed. 

They traversed the shore and found Bacon se})a rated 
from his men at the pul)lic house or cabin of William 
liose, 1)et\veen West Creek and Clamtown (now Tucker- 
ton), in Burlington County. The night Avas \evy dark, 
and Smith being in advance of the party, apjiroached the 
house, and discovered through the window a man sitting 
Avith a gun between his knees. He immediately in- 
formed his companions. On arriving at the house, Cap- 
tain Stewart opened the door and presenting his musket 
demanded a surrender. The fellow sprang to his feet, 
and cocking his gun was in the act of bringing it round 
to the breast of Stewart, when the latter, instead of dis- 
charging his piece, closed in with him and succeeded af- 
ter a scuffle in bringing him to the Hoor. He then 
avowed himself to be John Bacon, and asked for tpiarter, 
which Avas at once readily granted to him l)y Stewart. 
They arose from the Hoor, and Stewart (still retaining his 
hold on Bacon) called to Cook, who, when he discovered 
the supposed murderer of his brother, became exas})er- 
ated, and step]:>iug back gave Bacon a bayonet thrust un- 
known to Stewart or his companions. Bacon appeared 
faint and fell. After a short time he recovered and at- 
tempted to escape by the back door. Stewart pushed a 
table against it. Bacon hurled it away and struck Stew- 
art to the floor, opened the door, and again attempted to 
pass out ; but was shot l)v Stewart (avIio had regained 
his feet) while in the act. The ball passed through his 
body, through a part of the building, and struck the 
breast of Cook, who had taken position at the back door 
to prevent egress. Cook's companions Avere ignorant of 
the fact that he had given Bacon the bayonet wound, 
and would scarcely credit him Avhen he so informed them 
on their Avay home. They examined Bacon's body at 
Mount Misery, and the Avounds made by both bayonet 
and ball Avere obvious. They brought his dead body to 
JacobstoAvn, Burlington county, and AA'ere in the act of 



21 '2 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

burying it in the ]niblie liiohway, near the village in the 
presence of many citizens who had collected on the occa- 
sion, when Bacon's brother appeared among them and 
after much entreaty succeeded in obtaining his body for 
private burial." 

This affair took place on Thursday evening, April 
8rd, 1783. 

The Eefugee leaders in our State — Hetfield, Bacon, 
Lippencott, Davenport, Moody and others — all doubtless 
held commissions from the " Board of Associated Loyal- 
ists," of which the President was William Franklin, the 
last British Governor of New Jersey. 



DICK BIRD, 



THE POTTEKS CREEK OUTLAW. 

This scoundrel, who was probably one of Daven- 
port's gang, was exceedingly obnoxious to the Americans 
on account of outrages in Avhich he was concerned. He 
was intimately acquainted with all the roads and by- 
paths in the Avoods and swamps in old Dover township, 
which then extended to Oyster Creek. Tradition says, 
that early in the war he had a cave near the head-waters 
of Cedar Creek. 

Near Quail Run was a woman of low character, whom 
he often visited. On the day he was shot he called on 
her ; she told him as the militia were after him, they 
would find him there, and advised him to go to a less 
suspected j)lace. He was seen by some patriotic women, 
who sent information to his pursuers, who surprised him 
at the house while the Avoman was sitting on his lap. He 
sprang for his musket, which was in the chimney corner, 
and just as he reached it his pursuers fired through the 
w indow a-nd killed him instantl3'. 



THE I!EFl(iKK DAVENl'OKT AND HJS DEATH. -J.]:) 

THE REFUGEE DAVENPORT AT I'()1{KK1) 
RIVER, AND HIS DEATH. 



On the tirst of June, 1782, Davenport witL eiglitv 
meu, half of whom were bhick and half white, in two 
long barges hmded at Forked River, tirst on the north 
side where they demanded provisions of Samuel and 
James AVoodmansee, brothers who then lived on the 
James Jones and Joseph Holmes places. They then 
proceeded to the soiith l)ianch oi Forked River, to the 
house of Samuel Brown, an active member of the militia, 
who then lived on the place owued soma twenty odd 
years ago b}- John Wright, still known as the Wright 
place. They plundered his house, burnt his salt Avorks, 
and came near capturing Mr. Brown himself, who just 
had time to escape to the woods. Mr. Brown often had 
to sleep in the woods for fear of Refugee raids at night. 

After completing their work of destruction, the two 
barges proceeded down Forked River to its mouth, when 
one went up the bay, Avhile the other with Davenport 
himself proceeded down the bay with the intention of 
destroying the salt w^orks of the Americans at Waretown 
and vicinitA-. Davenport ex])ected to meet Avith no op- 
position, as he supposed no militia were near enough to 
check him. But before he reached Oyster Creek he per- 
ceived a boat heading for him. His crew advised him to 
turn back, as they said the other boat must have some 
advantage or they would not venture to approach. 

DaA'enport told them they could see the other boat 
had fewer men, and ridiculed their fears. He soon found, 
however, why it was that the American boat ventured to 
attack them. Davenport's men had only muskets with 
which to defend themselves ; the Americans had a can- 
non or swivel, and when within proper distance they dis- 
charged it with so ertVu-tive an aim that Daven])ort. who 
was standing up in the boat, was killed at the tirst dis- 
charge, and his barge damaged and upset by his fright- 
ened crew. It happened that the water was only about 
four feet deep and his crew waded ashore and lauded 



214 HISTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCExVN COUNTIES. 

uear Oyster Creek, uot far from tlie place lately owned 
by James Anderson, deceased, and tlius escaped, scatter- 
ing themselves in various directions in the woods and 
swamps. The late John Collins of Baruegat remembered 
some of them calling on his father and other (Quakers 
begging for provisions. 

Back of Toms Biver is a stream called Davenport's 
Branch, which some suppose to have derived its name 
from his haviiig places of concealment on its banks, but 
this is an error, as the stream was known before the war 
as "Davenport's Tavern Branch." 

Samuel Brown, above named, after the war removed 
to Mannahawkin and has inanv descendants now living- 
there and elsewhere. 

MANNAHAWKIN IN THE BEYOLUTION. 



Mannahawkin, during the Revolution, was noted for 
the patriotism of its citizens. From a manuscript origin- 
ally found in Congressional Bectuvls, but now in the 
library of the New Jersey Historical Society, it appears 
that the militia compan}^ here was called the Fifth Com- 
pany of Monmouth, Reuben F. Randolph, captain, and 
Nathan Crane, lieutenant. Captain Randolph was origi- 
nally from Middlesex county. About the time of the w^ar, 
he kept the public house at Mannahawkin. His sons, 
Thomas and Job, were in his company. As the names of 
the heroic men of his company should be preserved as 
far as possible, and especially by their descendants, we 
give a list of such as we have ascertained. 

FIFTH COMPANY, MONMOUTH MILITIA. 



Reuben F. Randolph, captain ; Nathan Crane, lieu- 
tenant ; James Marsh, ensign. 

Privates — Michael Bennett, Jeremiah Bennett, Sam- 
uel Bennett, Israel Bennington, Joseph Brown 1st, Joseph 
Brown 2d, Joseph Camburn, Thomas Chamberlain, 
AVilliam Casselman, Luke Courtney, Seth Crane, Amos 



THEl OL^O TEINNEINT CHURCH 




ANU PARSON AC. t^. 



THE ()I,1) TENNKN'I' CHntCH. 215 

C'liffee, David Howell, J)avi(l .Jolnison, Thomas Jolnisou. 
David Jones, Thomas Kelson, Philip Palmer, Jr., Ben- 
jamin P. Pearson, ]5enjamin Paul, Enoch Read, Jolj Piau- 
dol})h, Thomas Pandolpli, David Smith, Jose])h So])er, 
lieuben Soper, Zachariali Southard, Jenny Sutton, Lines 
Ciiii^burn, Sylvester Tjltuii^- 

Of the above, Pteul);Mi Soper was killed by the Refu- 
gees on Long Beach, in ( )ctober, 1782. He left a son, 
named Reuben, who has children still living, among 
them Mrs. George W. Lippencott, of Tnckerton, who has 
preserved several interesting old-time relics; and her 
brother, also named Reuben Soper, inheriting the patriot- 
ism of his grandfather, enlisted in the Union army, in the 
Rebellion, was mortally wounded, and died three weeks 
after in Saterlee hospital. Lines Pangburn was killed in 
the skirmish at Mannahasvkin, Deceml)er 30tli, 1781. 
Sylvester Tilton was dangerously wounded at the same 
time. One (^f the Cranes was wounded near his own 
residence. 

THE OLD TENXENT CHITRCH. 



The Rev. J. F. Halsev', who was for two years a 
pastor of the (diurch, wrote to the edit(U' of the Jfnn- 
innittli ])(^iii(>fiuit in 187H, giving him information relating 
to this historical old church, which we copy. He writes : 

'"In the early history of the Presbyterian Church in 
Monmouth coiiutv, N. J., a s])ecial meeting was held to 
pray that the Lord would send them a minister, and at 
that meeting a Mr. Carr was selected to go to the Log 
College (now Hartsville, Pa. i, where the Father of the 
Tennents preached and taught. Though it was at har- 
vest time, so eager was Mr. Carr to execute his mission 
that he started the very next da}'. When he had made 
kiKJwn the object of his visit, he could get none of the 
sons to consent to go. But as lie left to return home he 
said : ' So sure am I that I have come on the Lord's 
errand, and that our prayers will be favorably answered, 
that I shall not reach home before you will send f(n' me 



216 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

and assure me that I have uot takeu this journey in vain,' 
and so bid them farewell. 

" And sure enough, he had not gone on his way 
more than a few miles before a messenger overtcx^k him, 
calling him back, and assured him that Eev. John Ten- 
uent would return with him as their minister, which he 
did. He lived and labored among them less than two 
years, and was succeeded hj his brother, Rev. William 
Tenuent, who labored at Freehold forty-eight years, and 
is buried in the aisle of the church. 

"I said that Mr. Carr Avent on his mission to Ney- 
hamings, Pa., leaving his harvest unreaped. AVhen the 
farmers had hurriedly gathered in theirs, feeling that he 
had gone on their business as well as his own — that he 
was the church's servant — they turned out and cut his 
grain for him, and Mr. Carr, on his return, found it put 
up in shocks in the field. A sudden and long rain com- 
pelled him to leave it standing so, and so it happened 
that when the next season for sowing arrived the l)est 
seed grain was Mr. Carr's, as his neighbors had gathered 
in theirs l)efore it was tlioroughl}' ripened, and many 
applied to him for seed. 

" Such was the tradition told me more than half a 
ceutur}' ago by some of my aged elders, who themselves 
had been gathered into the church under the ministry of 
Rev. William Tennent. J. F. Halsey." 

YISITCJRS AT THE BATTLE GROUND. 



THE OLD TENNENT CHURCH AND PARSONAGE. 

The author of the Field Book of the Revolution says : 
" I visited the battle ground of Monmouth toward 
the close of September, 1850. and had the good fortune 
to be favored with the company of Doctor John Wood- 
hull, of Freehold, in my ramble over that interesting 
locality. Dr. Wooclhull is the son of the beloved minister 
of that name who succeeded Rev. William Tennent in the 
])astorial care of the congregation that worshipped in the 
Freehold meeting-liouse, and who, for fortv-.six consecu- 



VISIT()i;s AT THE BATTLE GKOUND. "JIT 

tive years, preat'lied and i)iiiye(l in that venerated cliapcl. j, 
Dr. Woodliull was born in the parsonage yet upon t|v ^m\ 
battle ground, and is so familiar with ever}' loealjt j^'f^.^ypj-fj. 
eveut connected with the couHict, that I felt as i.e."" 
iug the battle field with an actor in the sceiWy storm which 
Mr. Lossiug next speaks of a he?)/ id Tennent church ; 
compelled him to take shelter in the o,''ack of an old pew he 
resting his ])ortfolio on the high hiiouument erected to the 
sketched a picture of the neat n.null, ]). D., who died Xo- 
inemory of llev. John Woody'ears. He next refers to Kev- 
vember22d, 1824, aged 80 y-iH pastor of that flock foi' forty- 
William Tennent who w^^shvs : 

three years, and then orm abated we left the cliurch ami 
"When the st- battle ground. The old parsonage is in 
proceeded to tlif '>ssess:on of Mr. William T. Sutphen, who 
the j)reseut p^ ^^^^ parlor and study of Tennent and Wood- 
has allowed ^^*^ed as a depository of grain and of agricul- 
hull to bej°^^^i"e"ts ! The careless neglect which permits 
tural imr^^^^Ji so hallowed by religion and i)atriotic events 
aman%c^i^^o ruin is actual desecration, and mucli to be 
-. f,,. hended and deplored. The windows are destroyed, 
roof IS falling into the chambers, and in a few years 
a vestige Avill be left of that venerable memento of 
'field of Monmouth." 
^ "We visited the spot where Monckton fell: the 
boar(^^^ ''^ ^^'® c-auseway across the morass (now a small 
publi''^^."l'^'"^^^e main road); and after taking a general 
1842/''' "^' ^^'^ '''^oJ« ground of conflict and sketching a pic- 
mar ^'*^' i'^t^i"""ed to Freehold. 

"It had been to me a ,lay of rarest interest and 

pleasure, notwithstanding the inclement weather for no 

ij. battle-field m our country has stronger claims to the 

^ rm-erence of the American heart than that of the ]>lains 

ot Monmouth. ■• "• v;- -;;- . ^, ^. 

"The men ami women of the llevolution, but a few 
/ years since numerous in the neighborhood of Freehold 
have pa.S8ed away, but the narrative of their trials durin..' 
. the war have left abiding records of patriotisn, u,.on the 



218 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Jiearts of their desceudauts. I listened to many tales 
<^^^"-^eruing the Pine Robbers and other desperadoes of 
the timc->, -vvjxo kept the people of Monmouth county in a 
state of cOx.>tinual alarm. Many noble deeds of daring- 
were achieved by the tillers of the soil and their mothers, 
wives and sistef^ • ; and while the field of Monmouth 
attested the bravery and endurance of American soldiers, 
the inhabitants, whos^o households were disturbed on 
that memorable Sabbath morning by the bugle and the 
cannon peal, exhibited in ti^heir daily course the loftiest 
patriotism and manly courage. We will leave the task 
of recording the acts of their hei-.-oism to the pen of the 
local historian." 

The following item we find publisl^ed in a magazine: 
" Attention has lately been called to \^.he condition of 
the grave of Colonel Monckton, in the bui<ial fround of 
the Freehold Meeting House, in Monmouth c;oimty, N. J. 
It should be properly cared for, for Monckton', though a 
foeman to the Americans when he fell mortally; wounded 
at the battle of Monmouth, was a gallant office n-, and a 
man of irreproachable moral character." 

ii 

COLONEL MONCKTOIV AND THE IIOYAL GEENADIEriS Vi HE 

BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. i,- ,. ^^V*- 

Lieutenant-Colonel Honorable H. Monckton, <.lves u© 
erally called Colonel Moncktfui, according to both wv of '^^^ 
ten and traditionary accounts was one of the n:' 
lionoral)le officers in the service of the British — accc V . 

plished, brave, of splendid personal a})pearaiice, and 
irreproachable moral character. He was in the battle ^ 

Long Island in August, 1776, when he was shot tliroui 
the body, and lay for many weeks at the point of deatu : 
He recovered, and for his gallantry on that occasion wnl 
l^romoted from the Fifth Company, Second Grenadiers, 
to be Lieiitenant-Colonel, and was in command of the 
battalion at the Battle of Monmouth, in whi-tdi the First ' 
and Second Eoyal Grenadiers bore a conspicuous part, \ 
and in a charge the heroic Monckton and the greater \ 
part of the officers of the Grenadiers — the flower of the ) 
British armv — fell from a terrible fire from the Americans 



VISITOltS AT THE I'.ATTI.E GltOUND. 219 

under (xeiieral Wayne. Tlie spot wlieie Colonel JMonc-k- 
ton was killed is said to bp about ei<jjlit rods north-east 
of tlit^ old })arsonage of the Tennent Chnrcdi, and he was 
buried about six feet from the west end of the ehureli. 
About thirty years a;^o a l)oard was set uj) to mark his 
«frave by William Iv. Wilson, a native of Scotland, avIio 
will long and favoi'ably be remembered by hundreds of 
citizens of Monmouth and Ocean as a successful teacher 
and for his many good qualities of head and heart. He 
died at Forked liiver, in Ocean county, thirty-live years 
ago, and the respect retained for him l)y his old scholars 
near the battle-groiind and elsewhere in Monmouth, was 
evidenced by the fact of their sending for his body and 
giving it a suitable tinal resting place in the vicinity of 
his tirst labors in this county. Mr. Wilson, or "Dominie" 
W^ilson, as he was familiarly called on account of his 
once having been a clergyman, deserves a more extended 
notice than we have space to give. 

On the board prepared and set up by Mr. Wilson 
was inscribed : 



HIL- .TACET. 
C'ciLONEL ]M()NCKTt)N, 

Killed 28 Jnue, 1778. 

AV. K. W. 



Mr. Wilson may have been induced to put u}) the 
board by noticing that in the reminiscences of the batth' 
published by Henry Howe, who visited the grounil in 
1842, attention was called to the fact that no monument 
marked the grave. 

In 1850, Benson J. Lossing visited the battle ground 
and made a sketch of the head-board which was given 
in his valuable w(n'k, the Field Book of the llevolution, 
and it is also given in a late number of the American 
Historical Becord. Mr. Lossing says that when he visited 
the grave "the only monument that marked the spot was 
a plain board painted red, much weather worn, on which 
was drawn in ])lack letters the inscription seen in the 
picture given. The l)oard had been set up some years 
T)efore by a Scotch schoolmaster named William AVil- 



220 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

SOU, who taught the youug people iu the schoolhouse 
upou the green near the okl Meetinghouse." In speak- 
ing of Colonel Moncktou he says : "At the head of his 
grenadiers on the field of Monmouth, he kept them silent 
until they were within a few rods of the Americans, when 
Avaving his sword he shouted, "Forward to the charge!" 
Our General Wayne was on his front. At the same mo- 
ment " Mad Anthony" gave a signal to fire. A terrible 
volley poured destruction upon Monckton's grenadiers 
and almost every British ofticer fell. Amongst them was 
their brave leader. Over his body the combatants fought 
desperately until the Americans secured it and bore it to 
the rear." 

CAPTAIN MOLLY PITCHER 

HER BRAVERY AT FORT CLINTON AND MONMOUTH — 
HER SAD END. 

From various articles relating to this noted woman 
the following are selected : 

"The story of a woman who reudered essential ser- 
vice to the xlmericans in the battle of Monmouth is 
founded on fact. She was a female of masculine mould, 
and dressed in a mongrel suit, with the petticoats of her 
own sex and an artilleryman's coat, cocked hat and 
feathers. The anecdote usually related is as follows: 
Before the armies engaged iu general action, two of the 
advanced batteries commenced a severe fire against each 
other. As the heat was excessive, Molly, who was the 
wife of a cannonier, constantly ran to bring her husband 
water from a neighboring spring. While passing to his 
post she saw him fall and on hastening to his assistance, 
found him dead. At the same moment she heard an of- 
ficer order the caunou to l)e removed from its place, com- 
plaining he could not fill his post with as brave a man as 
had been killed. "No," said the intrepid Molly, fixing 
her eyes upou the officer, "the cannon shall not be re- 
moved for the want of some one to serve it ; since my 
brave husband is no more, I will use my utmost exer- 
tions to avense his death." Tlie activitv and courage 



THIAI, OF ItEV. WIIJJA.M TENNENT FOl! I'EIMIIIV. -I'll 

with which she perfDrnied the i)ttii'e of i-Huiioniei- during- 
the aetioD, attracted the atteutiou of all who wituessed 
it, and tinally of Wasliington himself, who afterward gave 
lier the rauk of lieiiteiiaiit and granted lier half pay dur- 
ing life. She wore an epaulette and was called ever after 
Ca])taiu Molly. — //mrr.s ('ollectloiix. 

Lossiug in the Field Book of the ]iev(»luti(»n thus 
mentions Molly Pitcher : 

" Captain Molly was a stout, red-haired, freckled- 
faced young Irish woman with a handsome, piercing eye. 
The French othcers, charmed hy the stoiv of Ik^i- l)raverv, 
made her many presents. She would sometimes pass 
along the French lines with her cocked hat and get it al- 
most filled with crowns."' 

The same writer visited the locality of Forts Mont- 
gcjmery and Clinton on the Hudson, where Molly Pitcher 
ended her days and there found old residents Avho "re- 
membered the famous Irish woman called Captain 
Molly, the wnfe of a cannouier who worked a field piece 
at the battle of Monmouth on the death of her husband. 
She generally dressed in the ])etticoats of her sex with 
an artilleryman's coat over. She was in Fort Clinton 
with her husband when it Mas attacked in 1777. When 
the Americans retreated from the fort, as the enemy 
scaled the ramparts her husband drop[)ed his match and 
fied. Molly caught it u}), touched oti" the piece and then 
scampered oft". It was the last gun the Americans fired 
in the fort. Mrs. Hose remembered her as "Dirty Kate,'' 
living between F(n-t Montgomery and liuttermilk Falls, 
at the close of the war, where she died a horrible death 
from sy])liilitic disease. Washington had honored her 
with a lieutenant's commission for her bravery on the 
field of Monmouth nearly nine months after the l)attle, 
when reviewing its events." 

THE KEMAllKABLE TRIAL OF liEY. WILLLVM 
TENNENT FOR PER.TI RY. 



The remarkable trial of Rev. \\'illiam Tennent, of 



ooo 



HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 



the old Tenneiit CliurcL, for perjui'v, took place at Treii- 
tou in 1742 before Cliief Justice Robert Hunter Morris. 

The indictment upon Avhich Mr. Tennent was tried 
was one of a series of indictments all o-rowing oiit of the 
same transaction — the alleged stealing of a horse by the 
Kev. Mr. Rowland ; and the individual who was the cause 
of all the woes and perils which befel the unfortunate 
gentlemen who were supposed to be implicated, was a 
notorious scoundrel named Tom Bell, whose exploits 
would not suffer by a comparison with those of Jonathan 
Wild or Jack Sheppard. He was an adept in all the arts 
of fraud, theft, robbery and forgery. But his chief 
amusement consisted in traveling from one part of the 
country to another personating different individuals and 
assuming a variety of characters. By turns he was a 
sailor, a merchant, a lawyer, a doctor, a preacher, and 
sustained each character in such a way for a time as to 
impose on the piiblic. The late Judge Richard S. Field, 
in a paper read before the New Jersey Historical Society 
in 1851, reviewing the reports of this remarkable trial, 
furnished quite a list of the misdeeds of this villian. 

By far the most brilliant of all Tom Bell's achieve- 
ments vv'as unquestional)ly that out of which grew the in- 
dictment of Rev. AYilliam Tennent for perjury. It so 
happened that Bell bore a striking resemldance to the 
Rev. Mr. Rowland, a popular preacher of the da3 , and a 
friend and associate of Whitfield and the Tennents. 

One evening Bell made his appearance at a tavern 
in Princeton dressed in a dark grey coat. He there met 
John Stockton, Esq., father of Richard Stockton, a signer 
of the Declaration of Independence, who, coming np to 
him, at once accosted him as the Rev. Mr. Rowland, and 
invited him to his house. Bell assured him that he was 
mistaken — that his name was not Rowland. Mr. Stock- 
ton acknowledged his error, and told him it proceeded 
from the very close resemblance he bore to that gentle- 
man. This link was enough for Tom Bell. It at once 
occurred to him that here was a chance for playing one 
of his tricks. The very next day he went into what was 



TIIIAL OF 1;KV. WJLLiA.M IKNNKNT Foil FFIMFIIV. '1'2'> 

then the coiiut}^ ol' Huiitevdon hikI 8top[)e(l at ;i [)laee 
where the Rev. Mr. Eowhiud had occ-asioually preached, 
hut -where he was not widl known. Here he introduced 
liiniself as Mr. Rowland, was invited to the house of a 
gentleman in the ueighl)orhood, and asked to preach on 
the following Sabbath. He consented to do so, and 
notice to that eifect was accordingly given. When the 
day arrived he accompanied the ladies to church in the 
family wagon, while the master rode alongside on a very 
fine horse. As they approached the church. Bell sud- 
denly discovered that he had left his notes ])ehind him, 
and proposed riding ])ack after them on the fine horse. 
This was at once agreed to, and Bell mounted the horse, 
rode l)ack to the house, rified the desk of his host and 
took his departure, leaving the assembled congregation 
to wonder what had become of the Rev. Mr. Rowland. 

We may imagine the satisfactit)n which ]5ell must 
have derived from this exploit. Mr. Rowland was a noted 
preacher of great pungency and power, and thundered 
the terrors of the law against all impenitent sinners. He 
was called by the professed wits of the day " Hell Fire 
Rowland." He was literally a terror to evil-doers, and 
therefore it may be presumed an object of peculrar aver- 
sion to Tom Bell. The idea then of bringing such a man 
into disgrace and at the same time of pursuing his 
favorite occupation must have been doubly pleasing to 
him. 

Rev. Mr. Rowland was at this time absent from New 
Jersey. He had gone for the purpose of preaching in 
Pennsylvania or Maryland in company with Rev. William 
Tenneut and two pious laymen of the county of Hunter- 
don by the names of- Joshua Anderson and Benjamin 
Stevens, members of a church contiguous to the one at 
which Tom Bell ]n-opo3ed to officiate. As soon as they 
returned, Mr. Rowland was charged with the robbery of 
the horse. At the next term of Oyer and Terminer for 
Hunterdon county an indictment was preferred against 
him. 

Great was the excitement produced by this event. 



224 HISTOriY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

owing in part to the peculiar state of the Coh^iiy at the 
time. Through the hibors of Mr. Whittiehl and his asso- 
ciates, among whom were Messrs. Tenneut and Rowland, 
a great revival of religion had taken place in the 
Provinces But there was a party in the Colony who 
Avere verA' hostile to this religious moA-ement, who de- 
nounced its authors as fanatics and enthusiasts, and 
some of Avhom did not hesitate to brand them as hypo- 
crites and imposters. Conspicuous among this party 
Avas the Chief Justice, Kobert H. Morris, Avho, Avhatever 
claim he may liaA'e had to respect, Avas certainly not dis- 
tinguished either for religion or morality. To such men 
this charge against Mr. Rowland, one of the preachers 
who Avere turning eA-ery thing upside down, Avas of course 
occasion of great triumph and rejoicing, and the most 
strenuous efforts made to procure his conviction. The 
Grand Jiiiy at first refused to find a bill against him, but 
they Avere reproved by the Court and sent out again. 
They again returned Avithout an indictment, but the 
Court sent them out a second time Avith threats of pun- 
ishment if they persisted in their refusal, and then they 
consented to find a true l)ill. 

Thus Mr. RoAvland was sul)jected to the ignominy of 
a trial. A clear case Avas made out on the part of the 
prosecution. A large number of Avitnesses sAvore posi- 
tively that he Avas the identical person Avho had commit- 
ted the robbery. On the other hand, the defendants 
called as Avitnesses Messrs. Tenneut, Anderson and 
Stevens, who testifi'^d that on the very day on Avhich the 
robbery Avas committed they Avere in company Avitli Mr. 
Rowland at some place in Pennsylvania or Maryland, 
and heard him preach. An alibi being thus clearly 
])roved,.the jnvy Avithout hesitation acquitted him. 

But still the public mind Avas not satisfied. The per- 
son Avhose horse had been stolen and Avliose house had 
been robbed Avas so convinced that Mr. RoAAdand was the 
roWber, and so many individuals had, as they supposed, 
seen him in possession of the horse that it Avas resolved 
not to let the mattiM' di'oj). ^Messrs. Tennent, Anderson 



TltlAI, ol' i:i:V. Wll. 1,1AM TKNNF.NT KOlt I'lMMlKV. 'J-J.; 

;iiiil Stevens were tlierefore arr.iij^iitMl Ix-loit' tlic ("ouit 
i)f (Quarter Sessions, of Hiinterclou, upon the charge of 
liavin<j; sworn falsely upon the trial of Mr. Rowland, and 
indictments were fonnd against each of them for perjurv. 
These indictments were all removed to the Snjjreme 
C'onrt. Anderson, conscious of his innocence and un- 
willing to be under the imputation of such a crime, de- 
manded his trial at the next term of Oyer and Terminer. 
What evidence he offered in his defence does not appear, 
hut he was convicted and condemned to stand one hour 
on the Court House steps with a paper on his breast 
whereon was written in large letters, "77//s' h for wilful 
ami rorm^'t j>er/iii'i;y The trials of Tennent and Stevens 
were postponed. 

Tennent we are told, being entirely unused to legal 
matters and knowing no person by whom he could prove 
his innocence, had no other resource but to suT)niit him- 
self to Divine will, and thinking it not unlikely that he 
might be convicted, had i)repared a sermon to [)reach 
from the pillory. True, he employed Mr. John C'oxe, an 
eminent lawyer of the Province to assist, and when lie 
arrived at Trenton he found Mr. William Smith, one of 
the most distinguished members of the New York bar, 
who had voluntarily attended on his behalf ; and Mr. 
Tennent's brother Gilbert, who was then pastor of a 
church in Philadelphia, had brought with him Mr. John 
Kinsey, an eminent law3'er of that city, to aid in his de- 
fence. But what could they do without evidence '? When 
Mr. Tennent was desired by his counsel to call on his 
witnesses that they might examine them l)ef(n'e going into 
Court, he declared lie knew no witnesses but God and 
his conscience. His counsel assured him, that however 
well founded this confidence might be, and however im- 
])oitant before a heavenly tribunal, it would not avail 
him in an earthly court. And they therefore urged that 
an a])plication should be made to posti)one the trial. But 
this he would by no means consent to. They then in- 
formed him they had discovered a flaw in the indictment 
and proposed that advantage should be taken of it. (Mr. 



226 HISTOKY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Stevens took advantage of this flaw and was cleared.) 
Mr. Tennent resisted with great vehemence, saying it was 
another snare of the devil, and before he would consent 
to it he would suffer death. In the meantime the bell 
summoned them to the Court. While on the way to the 
Court House Mr. Tennent is said to have met a man and 
his wife who stopped and asked if his name was Tennent. 
He said it was, and begged to know if they had any busi- 
ness with him. They replied, "You know best." Tlie}^ 
then informed him that they resided in a certain place in 
Pennsylvania or Maryland, and that upon one occasion 
he in company with Rowland, x4.ndersou and Stevens had 
lodged at their house ; that on the following day they 
had heard him and Rowland preach ; that some nights 
before they left home, they had each of them dreamed 
that Mr. Tennent was at Trenton in the greatest possible 
distress, and that it was in their power, and in theirs 
alone to relieve him ; that this dream was twice repeated 
and in precisely the same manner to each of them, and 
that it made so deep an impression on their minds that 
they had at once set off upon a journey to Trenton, and 
were there to know of him what they were to do. Mr- 
Tennent handed them over to his counsel, who, to their 
astonishment, found that their testimou}^ Avas entirely 
satisfactory. Soon after, Mr. John Stockton, who mis- 
took Tom Bell for Rev. Mr. Rowland, also appeared and 
was examined as a v/itness for Mr. Tennent. In short 
the evidence was so clear and conclusive, that, notwith- 
standing the most strenuous exertion of the Attorney- 
General to procure a conviction, the jury without hesita- 
tion acquitted Mr. Tennent. 

TOMS RIVER DURING THE REVOLUTION. 



RESIDENTS IN THE VILLAGE AND VICINITY. 

Major John Cook, who was killed in the action at 
the Block House, was a captain in the Second Regiment, 
Monmouth, and appointed Second Major in same regi- 
ment, October 13, 1777, probably to succeed James Mott, 



TOMS KIVER IK'RINCt THE REVOEUTIOX. 227 

Avho lived ut one time uear Toms liiver. Public sales of 
privateers and their cargoes were sometimes held at his 
house. The following notice in reference to the settle- 
ment of his estate was published in the New Jersey 
Gazette, January 22, 1783 : 

"All ])ersons indebted to the estate of Major John 
Cook, late of Toms River, deceased, are hereby requested 
to settle their respective accounts, on or before the 10th 
day of February next, as this is the last notice thev are 
to expect from 

Thomas Cook, 

Administrator. 

N. B. — On said day the above administrator will at- 
tend at George Cook's tavern at Crosswicks, in order to 
adjust matters agreeable to law ; also to receive all de- 
mands against said estate that shall be properly proven." 

John CoAvard, before and during the early part of 
the war, was a prominent business man at Toms River 
and (^uite an extensive owner of timber land. He was as- 
sociated for a time with James Randol})li. He died, 
probabl}- in 1779. His executors were James Randolph 
and Tobias Hendrickson, avIio published the folloAving 
notice in January, 1780 : 

"To be sold at public vendue, on Tuesday, February, 
1780, at the house of Daniel Griggs at Toms River, 
seventy acres of very good young green cedar swamp, 
very handy to water carriage, on the branches of Cedar 
Creek, late the property of John Coward, deceased. At- 
tention will be given for several days before the sale at 
Toms River to show the premises. The land will be sold 
as best suits the purchasers, as to quantity and attention 
will be given by 

"James Randolph, 
"Tobias Hendrickson, 

Executors." 

James Randolph, just before and during the early 
part of the war, was perhaps more extensively engaged 
in lumber and other business than any other person in 
the vicinity of Toms River. He was an executor of John 



228 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Coward aud at the sale of some timber laud belougiug to 
the estate of Coward, in February, 1780, Randolph adver- 
tised also to sell property of his own as follows : 

" The subscriber has for sale a ver}' good farm, in 
situation convenient for salt works near Toms River, with 
near three hundred acres of good salt meadows, which 
will support one hundred head of cattle, and is exceeding- 
handy for fish and oysters. Also a good saw mill with 
a large quantity of valuable cedar swamp to said mill. 
They will be sold at private sale before vendue, or on 
that day, or any day after, when any purchaser shall 
offer, and a good title made. 

"James Randolph. 

" December 30, 1779." 

He probably died about the latter part of 1781, or 
early part of 1782. The following substance of a notice 
published in March, 1782, regarding the settlement of his 
estate, gives an idea of the extent of his business : 

"To be sold at public vendue, on Monday, April 29, 
1782, at the house of Samuel Forman, inn keeper. Upper 
Freehold, the following tracts of laud of estate of James 
Randolph, late of Monmouth County : 

" One plantation at Mosquito Lane, containing 350 
acres, the greater part salt meadows, with a frame 
•dwelling house, salt works, good fishery, &c. One 
saw mill in Davenport (mouth of Wrangle Creek) near 
Toms River, goes with two saws, together with pine_ 
and cedar lands. Two-fifths of a new saw mill and four- 
fifths of land adjoining, near James Randolph's late 
dwelling, held in partnership with Tobias Hendrickson. 
Eighteen or twenty lots of cedar swamp in Wrangle 
Creek, Union, Horricone, Lenkers, &c. 

"Apply to Tobias Hendrickson, near the late dwelling 
of James Randolph, or to Benjamin Randolph, Chestnut 
street, Philadelphia. Signed by Benjamin Randolph and 
Tobias Hendrickson, who were his executors. Part of 
his estate, the Mosquito Lane plantation, was again ad- 
vertised to be sold the following year, June, 1783." 

There was a James Randolph in the militia of Mon- 



TOMS UIYER DURING THE REVOLUTION. 



229 



rnoutli, possibly the same. 

Daniel Raiulolpli, Esciuire, was among tlie prisoners 
taken at the Block House in March, 1782. A person of 
this name lived at Freehold, down to within two years 
previous to the burning of Toms lUver. Sales were ad- 
Tertised to take place at his house at Freehold m 1780. 
The appearance of the same name at Toms Eiver, short- 
ly after the decease of James Randolph, suggests the pos- 
sibility of his being a relative, and that he came to Toms 
Eiver 'on business connected with the care or settlement 
of the estate of James. 

James Attin must have been somewhat prominent at 
Toms River in the eai'ly part of the war, judging from 
the following advertisement published in the New Jersey 
GtreUe He may have been from Middlesex county 
where the surname was not unusual. His advertisement 

was as follows : -, i r.n i * 

" To be sold at vendue, on Monday, the btli day ot 
September, 1779, at the house of the subscriber in the 
township of Dover and county of Monmouth, viz : 200 
acres of pine land, well timbered, about two miles below 
Toms River Bridge ; 50 head of cattle, 40 sheep, 6 horses 
10 ho-s and 8 negroes, a set of blacksmith's tools, 200 
bushels of wheat and rye, 20 acres of Indian corn, a 
quantity of tanned leather and tar, a variety of farming 
utensils and household goods too tedious to mention. 
Same time will be sold a valuable plantation, with a 
great quantitv of fresh and salt meadows; a grist and 
saw mill, with plenty of timber; a valuable fishery, with 
400 acres of land. All may be entered upon immediately. 
For terms, applv to the subscriber on the premises. 

^^ "^ "John Attin. 

"August 18,1779." 

The offering for sale of eight negroes, recalls a dif- 
ference between then and now. 

Abiel Akins, who, for many years was the ]n-incipal 
Justice of the Peace at Toms River, lived during the 
war, according to a tradition of old residents, on the 
south side of Toms River, on the place formerly the 



230 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

residence of Antliony Ivins and subsequently of A. P. 
Stanton. His bouse was a stopping place for Rev. Ben- 
jamin Abbott, a pioneer of Methodism. It was burned 
by the British at the time when the village was burned. 
It is said that he subsequently resided on the north side 
of the river below the bridge. His ancestry is noticed in 
the sketch of the Akin family. For almost a generation 
he seemed to have performed most of the marriage cere- 
monies in his vicinity. The following were some parties 
married by him : 

Dillon Wilbur to Leucretia Bird, October 14, 1795. 

William Runnels (Reynolds ?) to Leonah Francis, 
August 10, 1795. 

Gilbert Lane to Sarah Aumack, January 10, 1796. 

Abel Piatt to Melah Letts, March 26, 1796. 

David Rogers to Susannah Chadwick, May 1, 1796. 

James Wilber to Elizabeth Hopkins, June 26, 1796. 

Jacob Applegate to Margaret Luker, July 10, 1796. 

About 1808 the Legislature passed a law for the re- 
lief of Abiel Akins, as he had met with reverses in busi- 
ness. 

Moses Robbins was a matross in Captain Huddy's 
company, and was seriously wounded in the action at the 
Block House. He was one of the first to have a dwelliiig 
erected after the village was burned, and the sale of a 
captured prize was advertised to take place at his house 
in March, 1783. In 1792 he purchased timber land back 
of Toms River, and Holmes & Robbins' mill is mentioned 
the same year. In 1795 his heirs had a tract on the 
road from Toms River to Schenck's Mill, sold. From 
this it would seem probable that he died between 1792 
and 1795. In the early part of the present century Elijah 
Robbins owned the land on which the Block House had 
been situated. 

A matross was a member of an artillery company 
who assisted in loading cannon, and also carried a 
musket. 

Aaron Buck was one of the two persons in the vil- 
lage who had the fortune of having their houses spared 



TOMS llIVEIl DURING THE REVOLUTION. 231 

when the villaoe was l)urue(I. It is supposed tliis was 
because lie was related to the Kefugee, AVilliam Dillon, 
the pilot of the British, Buck having married a daughter 
of Dillon's brother. Mrs. Studsou's house was the 
other spared, and her house and Buck's afforded a tem- 
porary refuge for the unfortunate women and children 
whose homes had been burned b}' the British. Before 
the war he was a land owner, and in 1765 sold a tract 
near Toms River to Albertio Shockelia. He had two 
daughters, one of whom married Judge Ebenezer Tucker, 
for whom Tuckerton was named, and the other married 
John Rogers, ancestor of most of the Rogers family from 
Toms River to Cedar Creek. It is said that Aaron Buck 
was captain of a coasting vessel after the war, and 
eventually committed suicide by hanging himself oil the 
rigging of his vessel as she lay in Toms River. 

Captain Epliraini Jenkins, according to tradition, 
lived in the village of Toms River, and his dwelling was 
among those burned by the British in 1782. It is sup- 
posed that he was killed in the action at the Block House, 
and his family was left unprovided for. One of his child- 
ren was taken care of by one of the Prices at Goodluck, 
ancestor of Dr. T. T. Price, of Tuckerton. Captain Jen- 
kins was commissioned captain in Colonel Asher Holmes' 
battalion, June 14, 1780. ^ 

Captain Joshua Studson, Avho was killed by the 
Refugee John Bacon, December 1, 1780, lived along the 
edge of the river, just lielow the bridge. He was ap- 
l)ointed a lieutenant in Colonel Asher Holmes' battalion, 
June 14, 1780, and was also a captain in the privateer 
service. In the latter part of 1780 he took t«'o prizes, 
the schooner "John" and the sloop "Catharine," on the 
south side of Staton Island. The Admiralty Court, to 
adjust his ])rize claims, was appointed to be held at 
Mount Holly, January 1, 1781. Just a month before this 
he was killed. It is said that a few years after his death 
his widoAv married a man at Toms River named C^hani- 
berlain. 

James Lippencott's house was one at which sah^s took 



232 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

place during the war. lu 1791 Samuel Pease (Pearce ?) 
and wife sold to James Lippencott laud in old Dover 
township. And in 1792 James Lippencott bought land 
of William Cox and wife, Eichard Smith and wife, William 
Smith' and wife, John Hoskins, Sr., and John Hoskins, 
Jr., and Edward Pole, all in same township. 

James Mott, Jr., was another pr'omineut man around 
Toms River during the early part of the war. He proba- 
bly lived easterly- of the village on the bay, on or adjoin- 
ing the place subsequently owned by the late James 
Cook. His property is thus described in an advertise- 
ment published in Collins Netii Jermy Gazette in Septem- 
ber, 1779 : 

"To he Sold: A valuable tract of land adjoining 
Baruegat Bay, near Toms River, in the town of Dover, 
Monmouth county, containing about 1,000 acres, about 
280 acres of salt meadow, 30 acres of cedar swamp (part 
of which is very good), aV)out 50 acres of upland, cleared 
and fenced with cedar ; a new frame dwelling house 
thereon, 20 feet by 26, with two fire-places on first floor, 
and a stone cellar under the same ; also a kitchen ad- 
joining, 16 feet square, with a brick oven, and a well at 
the door ; the remainder woodland. The laud is good 
for rye, Indian corn, for raising stock, and is as well situ- 
ated for manufacturing salt as any in New Jersey. It 
will be sold together or be divided, as shall suit pur- 
chaser. For terms apply to Abiel Akins, Esq., at Toms 
River, or to the subscriber on the premises. 

"James Mott, Jk." 

In March the same advertisement in substance was 
published, l)ut application to be made to Joseph Salter, 
Toms River, and " to be sold for Continental bills of 
credit or loan certificates." 

There was a James Mott captain in the militia, 
stationed at Toms River. He was appointed major, and 
resigned June 18, 177(5. In 1776, James Mott was a 
member of the Legislature from Monmouth. The name 
appears as a property owner in Middletown, 1778 and 
1790, and also in Shrewsbury township. He purchased 
land in Dover township in 1795. He was probably re- 
lated to Joseph Salter, who at one time owned a tract on 



TOMS RIVER DURING THE REVOLUTION. 233 

the bay, })ossibly the same advertised by Mott, as Joseph 
Salter married a Mott. 

Edward Thomas, of BLaok Horse, Biirlingtoii county, 
owned a plai-e adjoinin<2; James Mott's, which he thus de- 
scribed in an advertisement published in 1777 : 

" A plantation in Dcner township, adjoinin<^ Barne- 
«^at Bay, bounded by lands of James Mott and Pennsyl- 
vania Salt Works ; 800 acres, 70 acres salt meadows, 
remainder ^ood timber land ; soil i^ood for corn and rye, 
and with small expense (by bringinfr seaweed) will be 
good for raising wheat. On it a log house, also a cellar 
dug and walled, 20 by 26, and frame timber, &c., sufficient 
to build. Well located for erecting salt works." 

Edward Thomas was a member of the militia com- 
pany that came along shore in pursuit of the Refugee 
Bacon, and finally killed him near West Creek. 

Joseph Salter at one time owned a place near the 
bay, possibly the same once owned by James Mott, to 
whom he was related by marriage. He was at Toms 
River as early as 1774, and a relative, Thomas Salter, had 
purchased considerable land in the township twenty-tive 
or thirty years before. He was a member of the Provin- 
cial Assembly in 1775. He was appointed Lientenunt- 
Colonel in the militia, but soon resigned. In the minutes 
of the New Jersey Provincial Congress, October 21, 1775, 
it is stated that — 

" Joseph Salter, Esquire, having returned his com- 
mission of Lieutenant-Colonel of the Second Regiment of 
Militia for the County of Monmouth, and desired leave 
to resign the same : 

''He-solved uiKiuiiihHi.'sly, that his resignation be ac- 
cepted." 

His first wife was Sally, daughter of Samuel Holmes^ 
by whom he had a son William. His second wife was 
Huldah Mott, by whom he had several children, some 
of whom came into possession of the place at Toms 
River, which eventually was purchased by James Cook, 
who in 1859 sold the same to Gavin Brackeuridge, who 
in turn sold it to Thomas (lilford, and in the description 
of the land occurs the following clause : 

"Excepting thereout one hundred .iiid fifty acres 



234 HISTORY OF MON\IOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

lying on the west side, conve^^ed by Sarah Salter, Eliza- 
beth Salter, Margaret Salter and Hannah Salter to Garret 
Irons, which said tract of land is henceforth to be de- 
scribed and known by the name of Ballantrae." 

Ballantrae means a settlement or place by the sea or 
water ; an appropriate name for the tract. 

Joseph Salter was summoned before the Council of 
Safety in April, 1777, and Isaac Potter and Daniel Griggs, 
of Toms River, gave some evidence against him, of which 
the purport is not given, and he was committed to Bur- 
lington jail. 

John Lawrence, who was committed to the same jail 
the same week, was charged with high treason. He was 
an agent to furnish British protection papers. 

Possibly Salter had accepted papers giving British 
protection, but in October of the same year he took the 
oath to the Provincial Government, and was released. 
He remained about Toms River until about May, 1779, 
when he removed elsewhere. It is said that he founded 
Atsiou Furnace, in Burlington coanty, in 1770. His son 
Richard lived at Toms River in the early part of the 
present century. He had a son James, who was proba- 
bly the James Salter, treasurer of the State of New Jer- 
sey in 1799, and who died December 19, l-SOo. 

Captain Samuel Bigelow was engaged in the privateer 
business, and some of his prizes are noticed in the 
account of Privateering at Toms River. He seems at 
times to have ha,d charge of barges, or whale-boats, then 
in common use by both Americans and British for ser- 
vice in bays and on the ocean near the inlets. He is 
rated as "mariner" in the roster of officers and men of 
the Revolution. His residence is described in a survey 
made in 1773. as on the north side of Wrangle Brook, 
thirty chains above Randolph's saw-mill, which was at 
the junction of Wrangle Brook with Davenport. 

Edward Wilbur took up land before the war, in 176'2, 
three-quarters of a mile north of Toms River. When 
the village was burned in 1782, the lioiise of a Wilbur, 
situated about the same distance from the river, was not 



TOMS inVEK DURING THE llRVOLl "TION. 235 

burned, })()ssil)ly because it was too far otl, or because 
related to the Dillou family, as Dillou Wilbur, somewhat 
promiueut just after the war, received his naiiic fi-om the 
Dillou family. 

fTohn Wilbur was a member of Captain Joshua Hud- 
dy's compauy, aud was rated as a matross. 

James Dillou was quite noted around Toms liiver 
before the war. In 1761 he took up land above Toms 
Eiver on one of its branches. In 1702 he was taxed 10s. 
3d. In 1763, it is said, he claimed to own " Toms 
Island," subsequently known as Dillon's Island. He 
had a daughter who married Aaron Buck, aud it is proba- 
ble he was related to the Wilbur family, as a member of 
it was named Dillon Wilbur. 

William Dillon, the noted liefugee scoundrel, was 
imprisoned at one time in Freehold Jail under sentence 
of death, but was either pardoned or esca})ed, probably 
the latter, as lie soon after appeared at Toms River as a 
Refugee pilot. He engaged in contraband trade between 
New York and Egg Harbor, and his vessel was captured 
by Captain Grey, a New Englauder, who came in his 
vessel to Toms River. The Admiralty Court, to try the 
claim of the captors of Dillon's vessel, was called at 
Freehold, by notice signed by Esquire Abiel Akins, to 
meet March 16, 1782. Within a week after, Dillon was 
piloting the British expedition which burned Toms 
River. After the war he left Avitli other Refugees for St. 
Johns, New Brunswick, where he was in 1783 given town 
lot number 1,019. 

Benjamin Johnson, just before the war, and proba- 
bly during the war, lived iu the north or north-easterly 
]iart of the village. A person of the same name had a 
dwelling house on the south side of Toms River, towards 
Sloop Creek, in 1741, some thirty odd j-ears before the 
war. Benjamin Johnson is named as deceased in a sur- 
vey in 1788. The family appears to have been among 
the earliest settlers in the vicinity of Toms River. 

Benjamin Smith lived on the west side of Long Swamp, 
where he built a new house just before the war. A per- 



236 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

son of this name was a member of the mihtia from old 
Monmonth. Members of the Smith family were among 
the earliest who received patents for land in what is now 
Ocean county, some of wliom resided in old Middletown 
township, to which the first members came from Rhode 
Island. 

David and Thomas Luker were among members of 
the Monmouth militia. The family was among the first 
to settle at Toms River. Daniel Luker's dwelling is re- 
ferred to in a survey in 1747. Luker's Ferry, over Toms 
River, is mentioned 1749 and subsequently, and Luker's 
Branch and Luker's Bridge also named previous to the 
Revolution. The name is generally given in old records 
of surveys as Luker, but it is also given as Lucar and 
Louker. The names Looker, Lucar and Leuker apparently 
are of the same origin. Among earliest settlers of Eliza- 
bethtowu were Lookers, and members located at Wood- 
bridge, in Middlesex. 

Richard Bird, commonly known as " Dick " Bird, 
the Refugee, lived near Toms River, and perhaps of the 
family of William Bird, who, in 1773, lived on the south 
side of Toms River at Eagle's Point. About the same 
time John Bird lived near Forked River. " Dick " Bird 
was killed during the war by the Americans. He had 
relatives, it seems, in the lower part of what is now 
Berkely township. 

Francis Jefi'rey owned laud on the south side of 
Toms River, and probably resided within a short dis- 
tance of the village during the war. He was a member 
of the Monmouth militia. The name Francis has been 
preserved in the family for two centuries. John Jeft're^^s 
and Humphrey Jeffreys were also members of the militia 
during the Revolution. 

Edward Worth owned bind on the south side of 
Toms River, and probably lived within a very few miles 
of the village. John Worth was a member of Captain 
Walton's Light Dragoons, and AVilliam Worth was in the 
Monmoutli militia and also in the Continental army. 

John Williams resided near Toms River, and during 



r.AlINEGAT. 237 

the war was interested iu the store-house tor salt at Toms 
River, on which he marked the letter " R " to save it 
from being destroyed by the British. He, or a person of 
the same name, owned lands in old Dover township, and 
a saw-mill on Cedar Creek twenty years before the war ; 
also lands near Meteteconk. 

George Parker, John Parker and Josei)h Parker were 
members of Captain Joshua Huddy's company in the 
Block House. After the war members of the family lived 
near Toms River. In 1797 George Parker and Abraham 
Parker bought of Isaac Gulick "lands at mouth of Toms 
River, known as Dillon's Island," which they soUl iu 17'.)9 
to Abel Middleton, of Upper Freehold. Benjamin Par- 
ker had a tar kiln on Little Hurricane in 1795. 

Jacob Jacobs took up land in 1761 east of Long 
Swamp, not far from Dillon's Island. The line of his 
land here is referred to in a survey in 1775. 

In 1760 Jacobs' saw-mill, on the south side of Toms 
River, is named, and after that date Jacobs' branch and 
Jake's branch are frequently named, probably from Jacol) 
Jacobs. He left Toms River, and in 1779 he was over- 
seer of Speedwell saw-mill, formerly called Randle's 
(Randolph's) mill, on the east branch of Wading River, 
which mill was advertised for sale in Februar3% 1779, by 
Benjamin Randolph. 

The names of many of the leading citizens of Dover 
township, as it was at the close of the war, will be found 
in the extracts from the old Dover Town Book. 

BARNEGAT. 



The village of Barnegat derives its name from the 
inlet, which was originally called Barende-gat by the tirst 
Dutch discoverers on our coast. Barende-gat, meaning 
an inlet with breakers, was subseipiently corrupted by 
the English to Barndegat, and tiually to Pjarnegat. 

Among the first whites who settled at Barnegat mid 
vicinity, tradition says, were Tlu^nas Timms, Elisha Parr, 
Thomas Lovelady, Jonas Tow (])r()iH)nm-(Ml like the word 



238 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

noio) and a man named Vaull. Thomas Lovelady is the 
one from whom Lovelady's island, near Baruegat, takes 
its name. The first settlers seem generall}^ to have 
located on the upland near the meadows, on or near the 
Collins, Stokes and Mills farms. There was a house 
built on the Collins place by Jonas Tow, at least as early 
as 1720. The persons named above as the first comers, 
do not aj^pear to have been permanent settlers, and 
tradition fails to state what became of any of them, with 
the exception of Jonas Tow, who it is said died here. 

Among the first permanent settlers, it is said, were 
William and Levi Cranmer, Timothy Eidgway, Stephen 
and Nathan Birdsall and El)enezer Mott ; and Ebenezer 
Collins followed soon after. The ancestor of the shore 
Kulons was also an early settler. Tradition says he lived 
on the road to Cedar Bridge two or three miles west of 
the present village of Barnegat and on the place known 
in late years as the Corlies place. 

The first permanent settlers at Barnegat, as well as 
at other places along shore, appeared not to have jjur- 
cliased titles of the proprietors until several years after 
they came. The first land taken up from the proprietors, 
it is said, was the tract of 500 acres, bought by Timothy' 
Ridgway and Levi Cranmer, September 9tli, 1759, of 
Oliver Delancey and Henry Cuyler, Jr., agents for the 
proprietor, William Dockwra. This tract included the 
lot upon which the Quaker church is built, but the main 
portion lay south-easterly. The land along shore was 
originally divided ofi" into two tracts of about a thousand 
acres, by John Reed, surveyor, and alloted in alternate 
divisions to the proprietors ; William Dockwra having 
for his portion a large part of the land on which stands 
the village ; next north came Robert Burnett's, and then 
Lord Neill Campbell's. Lochiel brook, between Barnegat 
and Waretown, it is said, was named in compliment to 
Campbell's estate in Scotland. 

The first Cranmer family at Baruegat lived in the 
tract purchased as above mentioned, and their dwelling- 
was on or near the site of the one owned in modern times 



BARNEGAT. 281) 

by Captain Isaac Soper, ami subsequently by Captain 
John Russell. 

The Rackliow road was laid out by Peter Kackhow, 
a sou of Daniel llackhow, wh(j once lived in the place 
now owned by Samuel Bird sail, Esq., Ware town. Rack- 
hoW', it is said was a Dutclnnau, who eventually changed 
liis name to Richards. He bad two sons — Peter, above 
named, wlio Avas a reputable young man, and another 
Avho joined the Refu<:;ees, went off with them and was 
not heard of afterwards. 

The first inn or public house in Barnegat was estal:)- 
lished in 1820 by David Oliphant, on the site of the pres- 
ent one, at the corner of the main shore road and the 
road to the landing. 

The well-remembered old public house of Eli Col- 
lins was occasionally patronized fifty or sixty years ago 
by distinguished visitors, among them the noted Prince 
Murat with quite a train of servants. He was one of the 
most exjDert hunters of his day. Murat was a large pow- 
erful man and of remarkable powers of endurance — able 
to tire out almost any other hunter or gunner he met. 

Another celebrated personage who occasionally 
stopped here was Lieut., or Captain Hunter, of Alvarado 
fame. Once, as he drove up, an hostler stepi)ed out to 
attend to his horses and addressed him by name. Ca})t. 
Hunter was surprised to find himself addressed so famil- 
iarly b}' so humble a personage, and upon inquiry found 
that the hostler had once held some office in the Navy, 
and been on a man of war with him up the Mediter- 
ranean, and while there had acted as Hunter's second in a 
duel. Hunter replied: "Proctor, I know you, but I 
don't know your clothes ! " Proctor had considerable 
natural ability, but it was the old story, liquor sent him 
on the down grade. Frank Forrester (William Henry 
Herbert) the great authority and noted writer on field 
sports, was evidently well acquainted here, as his writ- 
ings show wonderful familiarity with this section. 
Uncle Eli Collins' house and the lower tavern once kept 
by David Church were old well-known headcpiarters for 



240 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

guuners from distant places. Speakino; of gunners, re- 
minds us of one who stopped once at the h^wer tavern 
with a fierce bull dog. The landlord told the gunner to 
keep his dog away from a yard where he had a loon 
wounded in his wings, as the loon might hurt the dog- 
The idea of a loon or any other wild fowl hurting his bull 
dog amused the gunner, and he offered to bet fifty dollars 
that his dog would kill the bird. The landlord took the 
bet, the dog was let in, but in an instant the loon picked 
out the dog's eyes by suddenly darting his sharp bill in 
quick succession. 

During the Revolutionary war, parties of both 
Kefugees and Patriots, as they traveled up and down 
shore, would stop at the houses of the Barnegat Quakers 
and demand victuals, but on the whole, the residents 
suffered less during the war than did those of any other 
place along shore, exce23t perhaps "West Creek. They 
had, however, but little reason to congratulate them- 
selves on this score, as they suffered enough after the 
war; for then in time of peace, on account of their con- 
scientious scruples against militia training and paying 
fines for non-atteadance, they were continually harrassed 
by lawsuits, arrests, fines and executions, and imprisoned 
or property sold for non-compliance with militia laws. 
The once notorious Esquire William Piatt, of old Dover 
township, bore no enviable name among the Quakers for 
his vexing them with suits on this account. 

During the Revolution quite extensive salt works 
were carried on at Barnegat, on the meadows near the 
farm of Mr. James Mills, by the Cranmers, Ridgways, 
and others. The usual plan to manufacture salt was to 
seek some place on the salt meadows where no grass 
could grow. By digging wells in these bare places, the 
water was found to be strongly impregnated with salt- 
The water from these wells or springs was put in large 
boilers with a kind of arched oven underneath, in which 
a fire was built. After most of the water was boiled 
away, the remainder, thick with salt, was poured into 
baskets of sugar-loaf shape, made to allow the water to 



RELIGIOUS HISTOKY. 241 

drain out. Oat' of these curious-shaped baskets was pre- 
served and in ])ossession of tlie L-ite I^ncle Eli Collins 
as late as 18(i(). 

The remains of shell beds on the farm of James 
Mills, Esq., and at other places show that the Indians at 
Barnegat, long before the whites came, caught shell fish 
in great quantities. Some of course were eaten here, 
but the ])rincipal object of the Indians appeared to be to 
prepare a quantity' to take back Avith them. This was 
generally done by roasting and then taking them out of 
the shell, stringing and drying them in the sun. 

RELIGIOUS HISTORY. 



The first preachers who visited any part of the New 
Jersey shore of whom we have any account, belonged to 
the Society of Friends, commonly called Quakers. This 
society established a meeting at Tuckerton in 1704:, and 
built a meetinghouse there in 1709. 

The first religious society established in Ocean 
County was probably that of the Rogerine Baptists, a 
company of whom came to AYaretown about 1737 and 
remained here about eleven years and then left. They 
were singular people in their ideas of worship. Among 
other peculiarities, the members took work to meeting 
with them, and during services the men made axe and 
hoe handles, the Avomen knit, sewed, &c. The principal 
member of the society was Abraham Waeir, from whom 
Waretown derives its name. It is probable they held 
meetings in a building used as a schoolhouse. 

An Episcopalian clergyman named Rev. Thomas 
Thompson, visited Barnegat and Manahawkin while he 
was a missionary in old Monmouth, from 1745 to 1751, 
and on his return sent Christopher Robert Reynolds, who 
was a schoolmaster of the " Society for the Propagation 
of the Gospel in Foreign Parts," to labor at these two 
places, but on account of his age and infirmity he re- 
mained but a short time. 

A church, Avhicli tradition says was free to all 



242 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

denominations, Avas bnilt at Manaliawkin as early as 
1758, which was the first ohurcli built in Ocean County. 
This church is now known as the Baptist Church.' The 
Baptist Society was organized in it August 25th, 1770. 

The second church built in Ocean County was the 
noted Potter Church, at Goodluck, built hy Thomas Pot- 
ter in 1766, which he intended to be free to all denomina- 
tions. 

The third church built in Ocean County .was the 
Quaker Meeting House, at Barnegat, erected as early as 
1770. This was the first church in the county built for a 
particular society. 

METHODISM IN OLD MONMOUTH. 



THE PIONEERS OF THE SOCIETY. 

There is reason to believe that the pioneers of Meth- 
odism visited the covinty within a very few years after 
the principles of the society were first proclaimed in 
America, and that occasionally some preacher would 
hold forth in some of our churches, schoolhouses or 
private houses as early as 1774. Some uncertainty exists 
as to where the first preachers held services in the 
county, owing to the fact that the early heroes of Meth- 
odism were not always very precise in giving the names 
of places where they preached, dates and other particu- 
lars interesting to the historian of the present day. The 
most complete and satisfactory journal is that of the 
faithful, zealous, untiring Bishop Francis Asbury, which 
is the more remarkable as it is doubtful if any minister 
of any denomination ever performed as much labor as he 
did in traveling and preaching. We append extracts 
from his journal relating to his labors in Monmouth. 
Other preachers had preceded him. Rev. William 
AVatters, the first Methodist traveling preacher of Ameri- 
can birth, was stationed in our State in 1774, and he may 
have visited our county, though he makes no mention of it 
in his journal. That earnest minister of the Gospel, Rev. 
Benjamin Abbott, visited old Monmouth in 1778. Mr. 



METHODISM I\ ()l,l) MONMOUTH. ^ 243 



Abbott, in bis journal, speaks of preacliiuj^- in various parts 
of t)ld Monmouth now composed witliin the limits of Ocean 
county, aniono- which wore Mannahawkin, Waretown, 
Goodluck and Toms River. But after leaving Toms 
Eiver he omits to name places ; he merely uses such 
expressions as "at my next appointment," ttc, without 
naming where it was. He probably preached at Free- 
hold and other places witliin the limits of the present 
county of Monmouth. 

Rev. John Atkinson, in his "Memorials of Method- 
ism in New Jersey," says : 

"The Methodist Society of Monmouth (Freehold?) 
must have been formed at an early period, probablv 
aliout 1780, as in that year Job Throckmorton, of Free- 
hold, was converted under the ministry of Rev, Richard 
Garretsou, and became a member of the society. He 
Avas one of the tirst members in that region. The Meth- 
odists were much persecuted there at that time. His 
house was a home for preachers, and very likely Asburv 
was entertained at his dwelling during his visits to Free- 
hold. Everitt, Freeborn Garretson, Ezekiel Cooper, 
Ware and others, were accustomed to stop at his house. 
He was accustomed to relate incidents of Rev. Benjamin 
Abbott's powerful ministr}^ one of which is as follows : 

"On one occasion meeting was held in the woods, 
and after Freeborn Garretson had preached, Abbott 
arose and looked around over the congregation ver}' sig- 
nificantly, and exclaimed: 'Lord, begin the work! Lord, 
begin the work ncio ! Lord, V)egin the work \\\^itliere!'' 
pointing at the same time towards a man who was stand- 
ing beside a tree, and the man fell as suddenly as if he 
had been shot, and cried aloud for mercy." 

In 1786 Trenton circuit probably included Trenton, 
Pemberton, Mount H0II3-, Burlington and Monmouth, 
Reverends Robert Sparks and Robert Cann, preachers. 
In 1787 Rev. Ezekiel Cooper and Rev. Nathaniel B. 
Mills were the preachers. In 1788 Revs. John Merrick, 
Thomas Morrell and Jettus Johnson were the j^reach- 
ers. 



244 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

EPISCOPALIANISM IN OLD MONMOITTH. 



The following is an account of the missionaiy efforts 
of Rev. Thomas Thompson in old Monmonth, nearly a 
century and a half ago. 

In his account of his visit it will be noticed that he 
speaks disparaging!}^ of the early settlers in what is now 
Ocean county. His zeal for the tenets of the society by 
which he was employed, seems to have led him to make 
animadversions against the j:)eople here, Avhicli it would 
appear were not deserved according to the testimony of 
ministers of other denominations. It will be noticed 
that while he accuses them of great ignorance, he yet 
acknowledges having many conferences and disputes on 
religious topics with them, which shows that they were 
considerably posted in scriptural matters, but undoubt- 
edly opposed to the Church of England. 

Mr. Thompson says : In the spring of the year 1745 
I embarked for America, being appointed Missionary of 
the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign 
Parts upon recommendation of my Reverend Tutor Dr. 
Thomas Cartwright, late Archdeacon of Colchester and a 
member of the Society, myself then a Fellow of Christ's 
College, Cambridge. I went in a ship called the Albany, 
belonging to New York which sailed from Gravesend on 
the 8th day of May and providentially escaping some 
instant dangers on the passage, arrived at New York on 
the 29th of August. The Sunday following I preached 
both Morning and Afternoon at the Episcopal Chiirch in 
that city, whereof the Reverend Mr. Commissary Vesey 
had then been rector more than forty years. On the next 
8unday I passed over to Elizabeth town in New Jersey ou 
my journey to Monmouth County in the Eastern Division 
where I wa;s appointed to reside and have the care of 
Churches in that county, being also licensed thereto by 
the Right Reverend the late Lord Bishop of London. 

Being come to the jjlace of my mission I presented 
my credentials and was kindl}- received and took the first 
opportunity of waiting upon the governor Lewis Morris 



EnsCOPATJANISM IX OLD MONMOUTH. 245 

Esq., at his seat at Kiugsburg wliicli is in the AVesteru 
Division, and took the oath of aUe^jfiance and supremacy 
and also the abjuration oath and subscribod the Dochira- 
tion in presence of liis Excellency. 

Upon making inquiry into the state of the churches 
within my District, I found that the members were much 
disturbed and in a very unsettled state, insomuch, that 
some of them had thoughts of leaving our communion 
and turning to the Dissenters. The particular occasion 
of this I forbear to mention. 

That part of the country abounding in Quakers and 
Anabaptists, the intercourse with these sects was of so 
bad influence, as had produced among the Church people 
thus conforming with their tenets and example. However, 
the main fault was rather carelessness of the baptism 
and a great deal was owing to prejudice respecting the 
matter of godfathers and godmothers. 

I had three churches immediately in my charge, 
each of them situated in a different township, which had 
regular duty in such proportion as was agreed upon and 
subscribed to at a general vestry meeting soon after my 
coming there. The names of the townships are Freehold, 
Shrewsbury and Middletown. I also officiated at Allen- 
town in Upper Freehold while that church Avas destitute 
of a minister. These four townships comprised the whole 
county although 40 or 50 miles in length and in some 
parts of it considerably wide. I also did occasional duty 
at other places. 

As to the church buildings I have found them all 
much out of condition, especially the church at Middle- 
town, which was begun to be built but the year before I 
came there, and had nothing done on the inside, not even 
a floor laid. 80 that we had no place for the present to 
assemble in Divine worship, only an old house which liad 
formerly been a meetinghouse. 

I had now a great and very difficult task of it to 
bring people to the communion. They that were con- 
formable to this sacred ordinance were in very small 
numbers. Many persons of 50 or GO years of age and 



246 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

some older liad never addressed themselves to it. I took 
all possible pains to satisfy their scruples, gave them 
frequent oi3j)ortunities of the communion, and by the 
blessing of God gained most of the ancient people besides 
many others, who gave due and devout attention to it 
ever after. 

The number of my catechumens began now to in- 
crease and several of riper years presented themselves 
with a seeming earnestness to receive the benefit of this 
instruction. So I carried it further and put Lewis' Ex- 
position into their hands and appointed them a day 
about once a mouth to come to the Court House and say 
the parts which I set them to get by heart, and this 
course I continued till some of them could recite it from 
end to end. 

In the year 1746 the church at Middletown, which 
had stood useless, being, as I have before mentioned, 
only a shell of a building, had now a floor laid and was 
otherwise made lit to have divine worshij) performed in 
it. The congregatioji of this church was but small and 
as the service could not be ofteuer than once a month, it 
was morally impossible to increase the number much, 
especially as there was a weekly meeting of Anabaptists 
in that town, so that it was the most I could propose to 
prevent those that were of the church from being drawn 
away by dissenters. 

St. Peters, in the township of Freehold, which had 
been built many years but was never quite completed, 
was afterward fitted up. 

The situation of St. Peters Church at Topoiiemes, 
which is distant from any town, is however, convenient 
enough to the congregation and was resorted to by many 
families in Middlesex county living within the several 
districts of Cranberry, Macheponeck and South River, 
their missionary, my friend and brother, Mr. Skinner, 
gladly remitting to me tlie care of them. 

At a town called Middletown Point I preached 
divers times, the place being remote, and few of the set- 
tlers having any way for convenience of coming to church. 



EPISCOPALIAXIS.AI IN OLD MONMOUTH. 247 

The iuliabitauts of Freehold to^vllship were at least 
half of them Presbyterian. The church ])eoplt' and 
these interspersed amonjjj each other, had lived less in 
charity and brotherly love than as becomes churches. 
But they began on both sides to think less of the things 
in which they ditfei'ed in (ipiiiion tlian of those in which 
they agreed. 

The Church of England worship had at Shrewsbury 
been provided for by the building of a church before 
there was any other in the county; but this church was 
now too small for the numerous congregation. People 
of all sorts resorted thither and of the Quakers, which 
are a great body in that township, there were several 
who made no scruple of being present at divine service, 
and were not too precise to uncover their heads in the 
house of God. 

I went sometimes to a place called Manasquau, 
almost twenty miles distant from m^' habitation where, 
and at Shark River, which is in that neighborhood some 
church families were settled who were glad of all oppor- 
tunities for the exercise of religion. 

From Mauasquan, for twenty miles further on in the 
country, is all one pine forest. I traveled through this 
desert four times to a place called Barnegat, and thence 
to Manahawkin, almost sixty miles from home, and 
preached at places where no foot of minister had ever 
come. 

In this section I had my views of heathenism just as 
thoroughly as I have ever since beheld it. The inhabi- 
tants are thinly scattered in regions of solid wood. Some 
are decent people, who had lived in better places, but 
those who were born and bred here have neither religion 
nor manners, and do not know so much as a letter in a 
book. 

As Quakerism is the name under wliicli all tliosc in 
America shade themselves that have been brought up to 
none, but would l)e thought to be of some religicm ; so 
these poor people call themselves Quakers, but they have 
no meetings, and many of them make no distinction of 



248 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

days, neither observing Lord's Day nor the Sabbath. 

In my journeying through this part of the country I 
had many conferences and disputes with the people. 
Some of them were willing to see their errors, and others 
were as obstinate in defending theirs. It pleased God 
that I brought some to a true sense of them, and I gained 
a few to the communion, and baptised, besides children, 
seventeen grown persons, of which number was Nicholas 
Waiuright, nearly eighty years of age. 

I had now seen a great change in the state of my 
mission within the space of three years, through the 
grace of God rendering my labors effectual to a good 
end ; in })articular as to the peace and unison which the 
church members, after having been much at variance' 
among themselves, were no\v returned to, and the ceasing 
animosities betwixt them and those of other societies. 
For these I account the most valuable success that 
attended my ministry. 

In the latter end of the year 1750, having then been 
about live years in America upon this mission, I wrote to 
the venerable and honorable society a letter requesting 
of them to grant me a mission to the coast of Guinea, 
that I might go to make a trial Avitli the natives and see 
what hopes there would be of introducing among them 
the Christian religion. My request was granted and on 
November 25th, 1751, I went on board the brigantine 
" Prince George," bound for the coast of Africa. 

The most noted among the first clergymen of the 
Protestant Episcopal Church who held services in the 
county, was the celebrate-! Rev. George Keith. When 
he first located at Freehold he was an active member of 
the Society of Friends, as it would seem were others of 
the first settlers. He left Freehold in 1689 and went to 
reside iii Philadelphia. In 1691: he went to London, and 
soon after abjured the doctrines of the Quakers and be- 
came a zealous clergyman of the Church of England. He 
officiated some time in his mother country, and in 1702 
he was sent to America as a missionary of the " Society 
for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts." He 



THE ROGERINE BAPTISTS. 219 

sailed from England April '2S, 1702, in tlio shi]) "('m- 
turion," binmd for Boston. . After his ari'ival lie traveled 
and preached in varions jiarts of Xew England and New 
York, accompanied and assisted by the Rev. John Tal- 
bot, Avho had been clia])lain of the ship, and who, a few 
years later, located in Burlington, N. J., in charge of the 
Protestant Episcopal Society there. Mr. Keith arrivetl 
at Aniboy and preached his lirst sermon in New Jersey 
in that place October 8, 1702. He says that among Ihe 
audience were some old acquaintances, and some had 
been Quakers, but were come over to the clmrch, })ar- 
ticularly Miles Forster and John Barclay (brother' to 
Robert Barclay', who published the " Apology for 
Quakers"). After stopping a few days with Miles Forster 
lie left for Monmouth county, where he preached liisj 
first sermon October 10, 1702. He traveled and preached 
in various parts of the county for about two years, tlien 
went to Burlington and Philadelphia, and shortly sailed 
for England. 

THE BOCIERINE BAPTISTS. 



A SINGULAR RELIGIOUS SOCIETY AT WAltETOWX. 

About the year 1787 a society of Rogerine Baptists, 
or Quaker Baptists, as they were then called, located at 
Waretown, now in Ocean c-ounty. From various notices 
of the history of this siuguhir sect and how a society 
came to be lf)catpd in Ocean county, we extract the fol- 
owiug : 

This society was founded by John Rogers about 
1674 ; his followers baptised bj'- immersion ; the Lord's 
Supper the}' administered in the evening with its ancient 
appendages. They did not believe in the sanctity of 
the Sabbath. They believed that since the death of 
Christ all days were holy alike. They used no medicines 
nor employed doctors or surgeons ; would not say grJbCe 
at meals ; all prayers to l)e said mentally, except when 
the spirit of jn-ayer compi^lled the use of voice. Tliey 
said, ".\11 ui)S('ri[)tural ])arts of religious worship Jire 



250 . HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

idols," and all good Cliristiaus should exert tlieraselves 
against idols, etc. Among the idols they placed the 
observance of the Sabbath, infant l)aptism, etc. The 
Sabbath they called the New England idol, and the 
methods they took to demolish this idol were as follows : 
The} would on Sundays try to be at some manual labor 
near meetinghouses or in the way of people going to and 
from church. They would take work into meetinghouses, 
the women knitting, the men whittling and making- 
splints for baskets, and every now and then contradict- 
ing the preachers. " This was seeking persecution," 
says one writer, "and they received plenty of it, inso- 
much that the New Engianders left some of them neither 
liberty, property or whole skins." 

John Rogers, the founder of the sect, who, it is said, 
was as churlish and contrary to all men as Diogenes, 
preached over forty years, and died in 1721. The occa- 
sion of his death was singular. The smallpox was rag- 
ing terribly in Boston and spread an alarm to all the 
countr}' around. Rogers was confident that he could 
mingle with the diseased and that the strength of his 
faith would preserve him safe from the mortal contagion. 
Accordingly he was presumptuous enough to travel one 
hundred miles to Boston to bring his faith to the test. 
The result was that he caught the contagion, came home 
and died with it, the disease also spreading in his family 
and among his neighbors. This event one would think 
would have somewhat shaken the faith of his followers, 
but on the contrary it seemed to increase their zeaL 

In 1725 a company of Rogerines were taken up on 
the Sabbath in Norwich, Conn., while on their way from 
their place of residence to Lebanon. They were treated 
with much abuse, and many of them whipped in a most 
unmerciful manner. This occasioned Gov. Jenks, of 
Rhode Island, to write spiritedly against their persecu- 
tors, and also to condemn the Rogerines for their provok- 
ing, disorderly conduct. 

One family of the Rogerines was named Colver, or 
Culver, (Edwards' History spells it one way and Gov. 



THE KOGF.HINK I'.APTISTS. 2')l 

Jeuks the otliei'. ) This t";uuily i-oiisistod of John Colver 
aud his wife, who were a i)<irt of the coiupauy which was 
treated so rudely at Norwich, and five sous aud five 
daughters, who, with their families, made up the number 
of twenty-one souls. In the year IT^iJ: this large family 
removed from Xew London, Conn., and settled in New 
Jersey. The first i:)lace they pitched upon for a residence 
was on the east side of Schooley's Mountain, in Morris 
county. They continued here about three years and 
then went in a body to Ware town, then in Monmouth, 
but now in Ocean county. While here the}' had their 
meetings in a schoolhouse, and their peculiar manner of 
conducting services was quite a novelty to other settlers 
in the vicinity. As in England, during the meeting the 
women would be engaged in knitting or sewing, aud the 
men in making axe handles, basket splints, or engaged in 
other work, but we hear of no attempt to disturb other 
societies. 

They continued at Ware town about eleven years, 
and then went back to Morris county and settled on the 
west side of the mountain from which they had removed. 
In 1790 they Avere reduced to two old persons whose 
names were Thomas Oolver and Sarah Maun; but the 
l)osterity of John Colver, it is said, is yet (piite numer- 
ous in Morris county. Abraham Waeir, from whom the 
village of Waretown derives its name, tradition says was 
a member of the Rogerine Society. When the main 
body of the society left he remained behind, and became 
quite a prominent business man, generally esteemed. He 
died in 1768, and his descendants removed to Squan and 
vicinity, near the head of Barnegat Bay. 

Before concluding this notice of the llogerines, it 
should be stated that another thing in their creed was, 
that it was not necessary to have marriages peformed by 
ministers or legal officers. They held that it was not 
necessary for the man and woman to exchange vows of 
marriage to make the ceremony binding. A zealous Rog- 
erine once took to himself a wife in this simple manner, 
and then, to tantali/e (Governor Saltonstall, called on hiia 



252 HISTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

to inform liim they hud married themselves without aid of 
church or state, and that they intended to live together as 
husband and wife without their sanction. "What!" said 
the Governor, in ap[)arent indignation, "do you take this 
Avoman for your Avife?" "Yes, I most certainly do," re- 
plied the man. "And do you take this man for 3'our 
husband? " said he to the woman. The woman replied 
in the affirmative. "Then," said the Avily old Governor, 
"in the name of the Commonwealth I pronounce , you 
husband and wife — whom God hath joined together let 
no man put asunder. Yon are now married according to 
l)oth law and gospel." 

The couple retired, much chagrined at the unex- 
pected way the Governor had turned the tables on them, 
despite their boasting. 

MOEMONISM IN OCEAN COUNTY. 



In 1837, Elder Benjamin Winchester preached the 
first Mormon sermon in Ocean county, in a schoolhouse 
in New Egypt. Winchester was from the State of New 
York, and one of the early disciples of Joseph Smith. 
He continued for some time to hold regular services here, 
and in his discourses gave minute account of the alleged 
original discovery of the g<^lden j^lates of the Book of 
Mormon near Palmyra, New York, by Joseph Smith, and 
their translation by him and Sidney Rigdon, and claimed 
that they were deposited by a people two thousand years 
before, whom they said were the Lost Tribes of Israel. 
He also preached in neighboring places. He made some 
fifty converts, who were baptized ; among them was Abra- 
.liam Burtis, who became a preacher, and a large number 
joined the society at Hornerstown, where they finally 
built a church, and where a good many respectable peo- 
ple adhered to the faith. The church has since gone 
down, but a few ])eople remained favorably impressed 
with the ])rinciples. Their labors extended to Toms River, 
and here, too, they built a small church on the south side 
of the river, which is remembered as the first building 



MORMONISM IN OCEAN COUNTY. 253 

iu wliioli the Ocean Couuty Courts were lield after tlu' 
County was established, ami before the court house was 
built. Their preachers also weut as far south as Forked 
River, where they made a considerable im[)ressiou, and 
baptized some in the mill pond — the preacher compli- 
menting one convert, it is said, by saying, after immers- 
ing her, that he saw the devil as bjg as an owl leave her! 

Joseph Smith, the founder of Mormonism, visited 
New Egypt, Hornerstowu and Toms River, iu 1840, and 
sealed a large number. William Smith, brother of the 
prophet, frecpiently preached at New Egypt ; he preached 
the funeral sermon of Alfred Wilson, who was originally 
a Methodist, but became a Mormon preacher. James 
L. Cvu'tis, originally a ^lethodist, also l)ecame a Mormon 
preacher. The present successor of Joseph Smith and 
Brigham Young, as head of the Mormcui Church, is John 
Taylor, who has also preached in Ocean county, and was 
probably the last who preached as far south as Forked 
River. He held forth about 1851, in the old Forked Riv- 
er schoolhouse, aud his sermon seemed to differ but little 
from an old-fashioned Methodist sermon on the necessity 
of salvation, as he made but little allusion to the ])eculiar 
tenets of Mormonism. About 1852 many Mormon con- 
verts left Ocean county for Salt Lake City, among whom 
Avere Joseph Chamberlain and family, of Forked River, 
and a number of respectable families from Toms River. 
They encountered serious hards hi ])s in crossing the 
plains. It is generally conceded that the Mormon eon- 
verts were noted for sincerit}', industry and frugality. 

Of Joseph Smith's visit to New Egpyt, some amusing- 
stories, probal)ly exaggerated, are told at the expense of 
converts, such as of a wealthy man being told by Smith 
to repair to a particular tree at a certain hour of the 
night aud pray for direction from Heaven, anil the Lord 
would reply. Accordingly the man sought the place aud 
prayed as directed ; he was answered by a v()ic;> from 
above, which, among otlier things, directed him to give a 
good share of his worUUy goods to the prophet Smith ; but 
the man seemed to doul)t it bciiiu; tlie voice of an aiiLrel— 



254 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

it souuded more like Smith himself concealed in the 
branches. 

The little Mormon church at Toms River was bonoht 
in 1878 by Franklin Harris and is now a part of his 
storehouse. 

In June, 1878, Rev. Wm. Small, a Mormon preacher, 
held services in Shinn's Hall, New Egypt. 

EPISCOPALIANISM IN BARNEGAT. 



Rev. Mr. Shafer, an Episcopalian clergyman, of Bur- 
lington, held services once a month for a year or so in 
1872-3 at Barnegat and Manahawkin, and Rev. Mr. Pettit, 
of Bordentown, preached at Manahawkin in 1873. 

Bishop Odenheimer visited Barnegat, July 25, 1873, 
and held services in the. M. E. church, assisted hj Rev. 
Mr. Shafer, on which occasion Prof. B. F. North united 
himself with the Episcopal denomination. 

The Methodists used the old free church for many 
years, but on February 10, 1853, a certificate of incorpo- 
ration was filed in the County Clerk's office, naming as 
trustees of the M. E. Society, Job Edwards, Lawrence 
Ridgway, Gabriel M. Inman, Tunis Bodine and Jeremiah 
Predmore. A lot was bought and on the 22d of August, 
1857, the corner stone of their church was laid, on which 
occasion Revs. Messrs. Stockton, Corson and others of- 
ficiated. The basement was dedicated January 17th, 
1859, Rev. William C. Stockton, pastor in charge, Rev R. 
B. Lawrence and others present. The main audience- 
room Avas dedicated January 31st, 1861 ; Rev. A. E. Bal- 
lard preached the dedication and the pastor Rev. Samuel 
H. Johnson assisted in the services. The church was 
l)urned down on the morning of May 23d, 1882. Meas- 
ures were at on(^e taken to rebuild it and the new corner 
stone was laid July 11th, 1882, on which day it was an- 
nounced that $5,000 had been raised towards the building- 
fund. The basement was dedicated December 10th, 1882, 
while Rev. J. J. Graw was pastor. Rev. John Miller, of 
Trenton, preached in the morning and in the evening. 



RELKilOUS SOCIETIES. 255 

Presiding Elder Sliock c-oiidiicted the services. Tlie 
cliurcli so far as then conn)leted cost ."<(i,000, of wliich all 
but Sl*20 had beeu raised. 

RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES. 



The lirst church built at Bariiegat was the (Quaker 
meetinghouse. The deed for the land oil which it is sit- 
uated, is dated June 11, 1770, and is from Timothy Ridg- 
way and Levi Cranmer to Stephen Birdsall and Job 
Ridgway, of Baruegat, and Daniel Shrouds and Joseph 
Gauntt, of Tuckerton. The deed calls for one acre and a 
half (quarter — consideration uiouey, twenty shillings. The 
meetinghouse was then already built, as the deed calls 
for the beginning of the survey at a certain course and 
distance " from the south-east corner of the meetina- 
house." The Job Ridgway named in the deed died July 
•24, 1832, aged 89 years. 

The Presbyterians were among the early religious 
pioneers of the village, and about 1760 they commenced 
holding regular or occasional services. Among the first 
preachers were Rev. Messrs. (Uiesnut, Green, McKnight 
and John Brainerd. From a letter written by Rev. John 
Brainerd in 1761, it seems the Presbyterians held their 
meetings at the house of Mr. Rulon. 

The Presbyterian Society now at Barnegat is of 
recent origin, having been organized in February, 1876, 
Avith nine members. 

The first effort to introduce Episcopalianism in Bar- 
negat w^as by Rev. Thomas Thompson, between 1745 and 
1750, which he mentions in his published account of 
missionary services in old Monmouth in those years. 

The Methodist pioneers held regular or occasional 
services probably as far back as the Revolution. The 
first Methodist Society was organized in 1821), with the 
late Rev. Job Edwards as the first class leader and local 
preacher. Mr. Edwards' grandfather, James Edwards, 
who had been a soldier in the old French War, was one 
of the earliest and most earnest converts to Methodism 



256 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

along- shore, and in more modern times tlie Society in 
this section has had no more zealous, successful laborer 
than Rev. Job Edwards. "He still lives" in the cher- 
ished remembrance of his fellow-members, and in the 
evidences of his works in the cause of his Master. 

THE OLD BARNECIAT FREE CHURCH. 

The following copy of a paper shows the origin of 
the old Barnegat Free Church. To residents of this sec- 
tion the names appended will be read with interest, as 
they recall their predecessors of fifty years ago : 

Stafford, June 3d, 1829. 

We, the subscribers, inhabitants of Barnegat, in the 
township of Stafford, and county of Monmouth, do pro- 
pose to build a meetinghouse for the purpose of preach- 
ing, in the village of Barnegat, free ai^d open for the re- 
ception of preachers of all Christian denominations. 
We therefore solicit the aid of all charitably disposed 
persons, as we are fully persuaded that all that is given 
for such a purpose will be abundantly made up to us in 
this life, and tenfold in that which is to come, for we con- 
sider it our reasonable duty to use every means pre- 
scribed in the Gospel to aid in the diftiision of the Word 
of God throughout our land. 

We therefore promise to pay unto the trustees who 
shall be appointed to receive the same, the sum annexed 
to our several signatures, on or before the first day of 
August next ensuing, if thereto required : 

Daniel Smith, $20; Thos. B. Odell, $20; D. S. Hay- 
wood, $10; John Tilton, $10; Caleb Cranmer, $20; Stacy 
Jennings, $5; Job Inman, $5; John Ferine, |5; Edward 
Jennings, $5 ; Orrin Chamberlain, $5 ; Benjamin Collins, 
$5 ; Lawrence Falkinburg, $5 ; Daniel Conover, $3 ; John 
Cranmer, $5; Samuel Ferine, $2 ; Amos Birdsall, Jr., $3; 
Wm. Chandler, $1 ; Sarah Eemsen, $10 ; James Collins, 
$10; Jarvis Hazleton, $4; David Reed, $1, Daniel W. 
Holt, $5 ; Doughty Soper, $2 ; Daniel Ferine, $3 ; Solomon 
Soper, $5 ; John Birdsall, $5 ; Samuel Edwards, $5 ; Selah 
Oliphant, $5 ; Jesse Rulon, $5 ; Isaac P. Peckworth, $3 ; 



IIELKIIOVS SOCIKTIKS. '^'^ ' 

.Ir. Sl.r)0; Heze- 



John L:xng.ns, *1 ; E.hv.ud Jeuu„,g> -h., ^\f-^'^, 
kial, Sopev, *5; David Jolmson, «1 ; ham„..l laylm, *2, 
;L. Letts, So; Job Cook, *1 ; ^Vn■ «l.>u, .l: • .™esT. 
Berline, «10; David Church, ^^l C^«l- «"'l-;;'"' 
Job Edwards, *15 ; Thos. Lewis, »10; Thcs. Ldw.u 1. S., 
$-,• David Rulou, *5; Preutioe Kngb« »10, }^ ■ U. 
01iphaut,*5; J. F. Eaudolph.So; AdamM.vers, ..; l«ms 
Bodiue *1U; Moses Headley, *o; Johu Camburn, *3, 
?^ hV Candee, *-2; Ezekiel Smith, *^^,; Mu'l-elunjan 
$3; Josina Eineav, ?3; James Riuear, »u. John I arke 
JS- Jouathau OUpliaut, S3; Jeremiah P.;eamore »2 
Matthew Miller, S2; Gabriel MUls, SIO; John So sburg 
41 . Ephraim Predmore, SIO; Richard Rulgwaj So , 
jime!;'Edwards, So ; George Edwards *5; Janrj MdK 
«o- Alex. Duncan, $5; Benjamin Oliphaut So , John 
Ri;e „■ SI ; David Swai... SI ; Jesse Pen,,, S3 ; Samuel and 
^In Corlies, U; Thomas, M. Cook. S-2; ^'«bnan Churcb 
$3- Samuel Birdsall, *5; James Giberson, S3, ^oah 
Edwards, SI. Total, $108,511. 

B.U-VILLE METHODIST EriSCOl'.IL CHVllCU. 

A certificate of incorporation of the Methodist Epis- 
copal church at Potter's Creek (now Bay ville) recorded at 
Toms River, is dated January 6, 1855, and names as 
t^tees Samuel T. Rogers, Reuben Tilton, Caleb Grant, 
William Jeflrey and Moses R. Anderson 

The certificate of incorporation of the " T nnitj M. E 
Church o BavviUe," filed September •20,187-2, states that 
at a meeting held May 9, 1872, the following pe-- - 
elected trustees; Samuel R- Bunnell, ^ ">■"- H--5 ' 
Richard Phillips, William Jeffrey, Bar/.ilhu B. An. eison. 
''" Thelrner ^tone of the Bayville M. E churdi ^vus 
laid September 9, 1873, and the church -^^''f^^_ 
June -20, 1880, Rev. L. Yansant oflrc.at.ng in the ,e,e 

monies. .,^,.„»v'r 

BETHEL MEETING HOUSE, BEHKE..V TONVNSHM., VHOIEM.^M 
METHODIST SOCIETY. 

At a meeting of Meth.nlist Protestants onvhichU... 
Lewis L. Neal was chairman, hehl October 23, 18o.,, the 



258 HISTORY OF MOISKOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

followiug pei'sous were elected trustees : Clark Newman, 
Ezekiel Lewis, Beuj. S. Lewis, Benajali Everingliam, Ben- 
jamin Pearce. 

This Bethel Meeting House was the old Dover 
Chapel. 

METHODIST PROTESTANT CHURCH METETECUNK. 

This church, on what was termed the Atlantic cir- 
cuit, at a meeting held October 11, 1855, elected the fol- 
lowing trustees : Isaac Osborne, John M. Brown, John 
C. Curtis, Joseph S. Wardell, Edward Cook. The certifi- 
cate of incorporation was recorded January 13, 1857. 

Old Dover Chapel was built about 1829 as a church 
free to all denominations. It was used mainly by the 
Methodist Episcopal Society and next by the Protestant 
Methodists. 

SOCIETY OF FRIENDS AT BARNEGAT. 

The Quaker meetinghouse at Barnegat, was origin- 
ally built at least as early as 1770, as the deed for the 
land on which it is situated is dated June 11, 1770, and it 
speaks of the meetinghouse as then built. 

The deed was from Timothy Ridgway and Levi 
Cranmer, of Stafford township, Monmouth county, to 
Stephen Burdsall and Job Ridgway, sou of said Timothy, 
of the same place, and Daniel Shourds and Joseph 
Gauntt, of Little Egg Harbor, in Burlington county, con- 
sideration money twenty shillings. The tract is thus de- 
scribed: 

One piece or parcel of land containing one acre and 
half quarter, lying at Barnegat, in the townshijj of Staf- 
ford, in the county of Monmouth, it being })art of a 
tract of five hundred acres that the said Ridgway and 
Cranmer purchased of Oliver Delaney and Henry Cuy- 
ler, Jr., by one indenture of bargain and sale under their 
hands and seals, dated the ninth day of September, 1759. 

The grantees above named deeded the lot, the same 
date, to " The people of God called Quakers, belonging 
to the monthly meeting held at Little Egg Harbor, in 
Burlington county." 



RELTCIOUS SOCIETIES. 259 

The tirst iiameil deed was })roved before Silas (-raue, 
Judge, July 17, 1818, and recorded at Freehold, Book W, 
p. 3()4, July '22, 1813. 

The last named deed was proved before Jud<i;e Silas 
Crane, July 22, 1818, and is recorded at Freehold, Book 
W, }). 3(55. The witnesses to the first deed were Richard 
Eidgway and Levi Craniuer, Jr. 

Before the meetinghouse at Baruegat was built, 
Quaker preachers travelled along shore, and the first 
place in what is now Ocean count}' Avhere they held 
meetings, was at West Creek. 

John Fothergill, Jane Haskens, Abigail Bowles, John 
Woolmau, Petev Ai^dvejA^^ Benjamin Jones, Patience 
Brayton, Job Scott, Elizabeth Collins, and other noted 
preachers travelled and held meetings " through the des- 
erts, from Chesterfield, in Burlington county, to Little 
Egg Harbor, extending the love of truth to the poor 
people thereaway," during a period extending from 1722 
to 1765. 

On September 15, 1785, Job Scott preached at Bar- 
uegat, and says : "I had a very laborious meeting at 
Barnegat, though a few exercised friends were present." 

ST. John's roman catholic church, mamche'ster. 

A lot was presented to the Catholics of Manchester 
by William Torrey, Esq., and work was commenced in 
building the church about October, 1870. Father De- 
lauey received fourteen members May 3, 1874. In 1870, 
Father Douelly held services here the first Monday in 
each month. 

The certificate of inccuporation, filed January 18, 
1878, named as trustees Rt. Rev. Michael A. Corrigan, 
Roman Catholic Bishop of the Diocese of New Jersey ; 
Very Rev. Geo. H. Doane, Vicar-General of same diocese ; 
The Very Rev. Stanislaus Damelow, pastor, and AVilliam 
McLaughlin and Patrick McElhenney, lay members. 

MANCHESTER M. E. CHURCH. 

The corner stone of the M. E. Church at this place 
was laid June 24, 1809, Revs. E. H. Stokes, W. W. Moffett, 



260 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

P. C. Johnson, W. F. Morris, and J. Wagg officiating. 
General John S. Scliultze was President of the Board of 
Trustees. The church was completed November 23,1870. 

MANCHESTER PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

In 1841, says Rev. I. G. Symmes, a house of worship 
was erected at Mancheser and dedicated in November of 
the same year, Rev. Dr. Samuel H. Cox officiating. The 
church was organized in the Spring of the next year by 
the Presbyter}^ of Brooklyn, New School. The succeed- 
ing Spring, 1841, Mr. William E. Schenck, subsequently 
of the Presbyterian Board of Publication, a licentiate of 
the Presbytery of New Brunswick, was called. Then oc- 
curred what is believed to have been the first fraternal 
correspondence between the Old and New School bodies, 
between the Presbytery of Brooklyn, and the Presbytery 
of New Brunswick ; and the Church of Manchester was 
transferred by the former to the latter Presbytery, and 
Mr. Schenck was ordained and installed first pastor. A 
large committee, headed by Dr. Benjamin Rice, came 
down to install him, and the occasion was a memorable 
one in that part of the county. 

Mr. Schenck left in two years, and the church passed 
through two more brief pastorates before 1851. Then 
came a period of great depression in business and the 
village was nearly depopulated for ten years. Regular 
services and Sabbath school, however, were maintained 
by Elder William Torrey, with occasional ministerial 
help, until August, 1864, when a regular pastor was se- 
cured. Then Revs. Messrs. Charles D. Nott, James 
Petrie and E. M. Kellogg came in rapid succession, re- 
maining each but a short time. The brief ministry of 
Dr. Schenck was greatly blessed. In 1877 the member- 
shij) was fifty-six. 

The following is a list of the pastors of the Manches- 
ter Presbyterian church which was organized March 13, 
1842 : 

Rev. William E. Schenck, D. D., from February 28, 
1843, to May 14, 1845. 



RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES. 2C)1 



Kev. Morse Eowell, Dec. 9, 1845, to April 1, 1848. 
Rev. Charles D. Knott, August 11, 18G4, to August 24, 
1865. 

Rev. James Petrie, November 15, 1800, to Harcli 12, 

^^^\ev. E. M. Kellogg, July 24, 1873, to October 22, 

Rev. B. T. Phillips May 9, 1870-.vho still (1886) re- 

'^'''''u^rmeetiucr of the members and frieuds of the 
Presbvteriau church at Manchester, held l^^^' 3, 1880 
the following trustees were elected : Wm. T. Wortzel, 
Chas L. Kogers, John N. Dettrell Wn. E. Schultze, 
James M. Quinby, Mark Souden, John S. Schultze. 
Certificate filed Feb. 5, 1881. 

The historical sketch of Monmouth Presbytery, by 
Rev. Joseph G. Symmes, published 1877, in speaking of 
the Whiting Church, says : „ . .• 

"At present Rev. George W. Cottrell is acting as 
stated supplv, and he has under his care a tract eighteen 
miles long and fourteen miles wide. The population is 
scattered, concentrated for the most part at four railroad 
points-Whiting, Wheatland, Woodmansie andShamony. 
There are sixteen members in the new church." 

The above historical sketch says the church was 
organized in 1875, which is probably a typographical 
er?or, as it was organized the previous year. 

The certificate of incorporation, filed Octobei lo 
1875, named as trustees, Geo. W. Cottrell, AV. H. Wright, 
and B. F. Erringtou. 

WHITING AND SHAMONY rRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

The Union Presbyterian Society was organized at 
Whitincr on the evening of August 5, 1874, with N. E. 
?ldtof Shamouy, and W. E. Wright of Whitmg, as 
Euling Elders. A commission of the Monmouth Pres- 
byterv, consisting of the Eev. Messrs. Dashiel A an Dyke 
and Everett had held two days' services a A^ hiting and 
adjacent places. This society, it was said, was the nn- 



262 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

mediate result of the labors of Martin Kellogg, a student 
of Princeton Seminary. During the following year a 
good church edifice was built at Whiting, which was ded- 
icated September 15, 1876. 

WHITING M. E. CHURCH. 

This church was built about 1866, according to Rev. 
G. W. Simpson, who was at one time its pastor. 

WEST CREEK M. E. CHURCH. 

In an article published in the New Jersey Courier, 
May 25, 1881, Mrs. Leah Blackman says : "' Between 
fifty and sixty years ago there was a Methodist Church 
built at West Creek, and the meetings in the old school- 
house were given up. A few years ago another Metho- 
dist Church was erected at West Creek, and the old 
church was sold to the Baptists, who now have a society 
there." 

The new Methodist Episcopal Church at West Creek 
was dedicated December 17, 1868, during the pastorate 
of Rev. W. S. McCowan. 

The most prominent member of the society at this 
place for very many years was the late Hon. Joel Hay- 
wood, who, as a local minister, was well and favorably 
known throughout the lower part of the county. 

A debt of $1,200 which the West Creek M. E. Church 
owed, was entirely paid off about the beginning of 1883, 
while Rev. E. T. Gwynn was pastor. Of the amount, the 
late Esquire John Willets gave $400. 

BAPTIST CHURCH, WEST CREEK. 

At a meeting held July 13, 1876, Charles A. Mott, 
moderator ; Dr. T. T. Price, clerk, the following trustees 
were elected : Charles Cox, Jonathan Shiuu, Charles 
Parsons, Samuel Headley, Jr., Samuel E. Shinu, Bodine 
Parker, Joseph King. Certificate recorded July 20, 1876. 

STAFFORDVILLE M. E. CHURCH. 

The corner-stone of a M. E. Church at this place 
was laid June 12, 1876, Revs. Graw, Sykes, Simpson and 
Parker officiating. 



RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES. 263 

A clergymen's settlement. 
AV)out 1877 a tract of about seven Innulred acres, 
lying about lialf-way between Barnegat and Mannaliaw- 
kiu, and a little west of the main shore road, was bought 
by Kev. Messrs. K S. Arndt, H. D. Opdyke, Keifer, 
Wright, Middleton, C. E. Little and D. Habrom, and 
divided into one hundred acres for each owner, which 
they commenced clearing up and improving. The land 
proved productive, and on it good crops of corn, grain 
and fruits of diflerent kinds were raised. Good dwelliuirs 
and outbuildings were erected. The owners were mem- 
bers of the New Jersey M. E. Conference, and the}- put 
their places under care of hired emplo3'ees or tenants, 
occasionally visiting the place for rest and recuperation. 

MANNAHAWKIN DIVISION SONS OF TEMPERANCE, NO. 54. 

The certificate of incorporation of this Division was 
dated June 15, 1850, and signed by Isaiah (Jranmer, W. P., 
and Isaac P. Peckworth, R. S. 

CEDAR RUN M. E. CHURCH. 

The corner-stone of the M. E. Churcli at Cedar Run, 
near Mauuahawkin, was laid November 20, 1874, Revs. 
Ballard, Graw, Parker and Clark assisting. The church 
was dedicated December 15, 1880. 

The name of Unionville was given to Cedar Run 
about a dozen years ago. 

CEDAR GROVE M. E. CHURCH. 

The M. E. Church at Cedar Grove, in Stafford town- 
ship, near Job Corlies' residence, was dedicated Decem- 
ber 24, 1874. The certificate of incorporation, filed Feb- 
ruary 4, 1875, named the following trustees : Reuben C. 
Corlies, John Bowers, Job M. Corlies, John G, Corlies, 
Joshua M. Corlies, Samuel Stackhouse, Jr., William 
Cranmer. 

An effort was made about 1880 to change the name 
of Cedar Grove to Corlisville. 

MANNHAWKIN BAPTIST CHURCH. 
The early history of this church is given in the chap- 



264 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ter relating to ancient cliiirclies in the county. A certifi- 
cate of incorporation of this church was filed at Toms 
River, May 18, 1857, which states that the following 
trustees were elected April 27, 1857 : Jarvis H. Brown, 
Amos B. Brown, John B. Crane, Jr., Stacey Gennings 
and Joseph B. Oliphant. 

The church was rebuilt and dedicated July 10, 1867, 
when Rev. Mr. Smith, of Bloomfield, N. J., preached the 
dedicatory sermon, Rev. Joseph Perry, of Philadelphia ; 
Rev. Mr. Connolly, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
and Rev. Edwin S. Browe, the pastor, assisting in the 
services. The cost of rebuilding, including furnishing, 
was about $2,776. A balance of $600, due dedication 
day, was all raised on that day, and the church thus 
cleared from debt. The whole amount, except $200, was 
raised in the vicinity. 

The centennial of the organization of the Baptist 
Society here was celebrated August 25, 1870, on which 
occasion, among the speakers, was Rev. Daniel Kelsey, 
who had been a former pastor for nine years, and also a 
teacher, but had been away about twenty-two years. He 
was accompanied by his two sons, born in the village, 
one of whom was also a Baptist minister. 

At a meeting held September 5, 1876, Charles A. 
Mott, moderator; Jarvis H. Brown, clerk; the following 
trustees were elected, viz : Joseph R. Oliphant, Josiah B. 
Cranmer, Samuel G. Peckworth, Edward Hazleton, Jarvis 
H. Brown. 

Rev. C. A. Mott preached his farewell sermon the 
last Sunday in Jul}^ 1878, after which he removed to 
Vineland. 

Rev. E. L. Stager became pastor February, 1880, and 
died April 13, 1882, aged 35 years. 

A parsonage was erected in 1882. Rev. J. T. Bender 
began preaching about January, 1883. Rev. W. H. 
Eldredge was pastor January, 1881. 

MAXXAHAWKIN MKTHOUIST i:['kSC01'AL CHURCH. 

The trustees of Mannahawkin M. E. Church named 



RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES. 'H')^) 

Marc-li 12, 1803 (Book N, pao-e vm, Freehold records), 
were Beujamiu Seaman, Samuel Bennett, Edward Lamb- 
sou, Benjamin Eaudoli)h, Henry Pearsou, Thomas llan- 
dolph, Nathan (Crane ?) Levi Camburu and William 
Randolph. The deed for church lot to them from Reu- 
ben Randolph ou that date, gave bouuds thus : 

Begins live feet from west end of school house, and 
runs — 

S. 88 A\'. 1 chain 75 links. 
S. 2 E. 1 " 50 " 
N. 88 E. 1 " 75 " 
N. 2 W. 1 " 50 " 

Containing one- quarter acre more or less. Con- 
sideration, ten dollars. Witnesses, David Bartiue, Stacy 
Watkiuson. 

The witness, David Bartine, was probably the noted 
Methodist minister of that name. 

The corner-stone of a new edifice for the society was 
laid August 7, 1872, and the church dedicated August 0, 
1874. In the Summer and Fall of 1883 the entire upper 
story of the building was taken down and reconstriicted, 
and the edifice raised ten feet. In January, 1884, the re- 
constructed church was dedicated. Bishop Harris, Rev- 
Dr. Hanlon and the pastor, Rev. W. E. Perry, officiating. 

HERBERTS VILLE. 

This is a village situated in Brick township, about 
one mile west of the Manasquan River, and four and a 
half from the Atlantic. The population is about three 
hundred, mostly employed in farming. There is ;i Metho- 
dist Church ; a public school, with seventy pupils ; two 
saw-mills, one steam and one water ; and two brickyard.s. 
Its chief attractions are the fertility of the soil and the 
handsome farms l)y which it is surrounded, its fine ele- 
vated situation neai" the banks of the beautiful Manas- 
quan, anil its wholesome aii'. 

The M. E. Chuich at this place was dedicated Jan- 
uary 30, 187<), Revs. Clraw and Stokes otfii'iating. 

A post-office was established at Herbm-tsville in 
August, 1.SH4. 



2(36 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

BAPTISTS IN BRICK TOWNSHIP. 

The Baptist Century Book says that " the Baptist 
dhurch of Squan and Dover " was received into the Bap- 
tist Association in October, 1805, and the same year 
Samuel Haven was a delegate, and the society had thirty- 
eight members. In 1807 Samuel Haven was again a 
delegate, and the church reported forty-five members. 

The Orient Baptist Church was built in 1857, at a 
cost of $1,500. Its size was 26 by 35 feet. 

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH OF KETTLE CREEK. 

The certificate of incorporation of the First Baptist 
Church at Kettle Creek, in Brick township, recorded 
May 8, 1855, states that the following trustees were 
elected at a meeting held January 29, 1855 : Cornelius 
Strickland, Peter W. Havens, Isaac Osborn, Lewis John- 
sou, William Dowdney. 

BETHEL M. E. CHURCH. 

The Methodist Episcopal Church at Bethel (Lake- 
wood charge) had dedicatory services November 30 and 
December 1, 1867. Rev. E. H. Stokes, the pastor. Rev. 
S. H. Asay and others participated. 

CEDAR BRIDGE M. E. CHURCH — BRICK TOWNSHIP. 

The trustees of this church, named in the certificate of 
incorporation March 14, 1854, were David C. Woolley, 
William M. Woolley, John C. Wardell, B. H. Fielder, 
William Clayton, William Downey, Thomas Tilton. 

SILVERTON M. E. CHURCH. 

At a meeting held July 19, 1873, five trustees were 
elected. The proceedings were signed by Miles McKel- 
vey, President ; Cornelius Hawkins, Secretary ; and Rev. 
E. B. Lake, Witness, but trustees' names are not given 
in the certificate, which was filed July 21, 1873. 

POINT PLEASANT M. E. CHURCH. 
At a meeting of friends of this society, of which 
Barton Twiford was chairman iu 1853, the foUowiug per- 
sons were elected trustees: -Tolin C. Curtis, John M. 



EAHIA" SKTTl.KItS. '2()7 

Rej^Dolds and William Ij. Chadwick. The certificate was 
filed February 19, 1853. Another (-(Mtificate of incorpo- 
ration was dated October 24, 1870, which states that at a 
meeting held September 18, 1870, the following persons 
were elected trustees: Thoni])son B. Poarce, William H. 
Bennetts, James Loveland, William P. Stout, AVilliani P. 
Pearce. A new church was dedicated August 13, 1876. 

POINT PLEASANT PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

Tliis church Avas completed in February, 1883, and 
first services held the 11th of the same month. The 
society was incorporated Nov. 11, 1882, and the corpora- 
tors were Charles E. Knox, Julius Foster, Frederick M. 
Trask, Richard C. Marley and A. \. 1). Schenck. Pev. 
Samuel Y. Lum was pastor 1880-7. 

BAPTISTS AT POINT PLEASANT. 

In July, 1887, the Borough Hall was tendered to the 
Baptists, by the Mayor, for religious purposes. These 
were conducted by Rev. Mr. AVilkiusou. 

ST. MARY BY THE SEA P. E. CHURCH. 

The Protestant Episcopal Church at Point Pleasant, 
" St. Mary l)y the Sea," was contracted for April 24, 1880, 
and July 4th the building was finished and services held 
in it. Services were conducted by Rev. Dr. Hills. The 
church was dedicated August 4, 1881, by Bishop Scar- 
borough. 

EARLY SETTLERS— CREATION OF lOAVNSHIPS, 

ETC. 



BRICK TOWNSHIP. 

The township of Brick was originally established in 
the same act creating the County of Ocean, approved 
February 15, 1850. Its bounds were thus described : 

So much of the township of Dover as lies north of a 
line running east from a ])oint where the line between 
the townships of Jackson and Howell meet the Dover 
townsliip Hue; thence a straight line to Polhemus' mills, 



268 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

on the south branch of Kettle creek; thence along said 
creek to the bay ; thence across the bay to the sea, and 
all those parts of the townships of Howell and Dover 
included in the following boundaries, viz.: Beginning at 
Manasquan inlet and mouth of Manasquan river; thence 
up the middle of said river to the first bridge over the 
same ; thence westerly to a corner on the south side of 
said river, near the old bridge ; thence a south-westerly 
course till it strikes the road leading to Jackson's mills ; 
thence along said road till it meets the line between 
Jackson and Howell townships ; thence along said line 
to the Dover townshio line ; thence a straijjjht line to 
Pohlhemus' mills, on the south branch of Kettle creek ; 
thence along said creek, the several courses thereof, to 
the bay ; thence across the bay to the sea ; thence along 
the sea to the place of beginning. 

The first town meeting of the inhabitants of the 
township of Brick was by the above act directed to be 
held at the house of Richard Burr, Barrsville, on the 
second Tuesday in March, 1850. 

OCEAN TOWNSHIP. 

The act establishing the township of Ocean was 
approved April 18, 1876, and thus defines its bounds : 

All that part of the townships of Union and Lacey, 
in the county of Ocean, I3 ing Avithin the following 
boundaries, that is to say : Beginning at the sea and 
running, first, north sixty-seven and a half degrees west 
to the mouth of Little Horse Neck Creek, known as the 
north fork of Lochiel branch; thence, second, westerly 
up said branch to the bridge on the main shore road 
leading from Barnegat to Waretowu ; thence, third, north 
fifty-seven degrees west t(j the north side of the Hezekiah 
Soper old house standing on the westerly side of the old 
main road; thence, fourth, north seventy-eight degrees 
west to the Pancoast road ; thence, fifth, westerly along 
said Pancoast road to a stone on the north side of said 
road on the east line of a tract of land containing about 
one hundreil and seventy-five acres ncnv belonging to 



EARLY SETTLERS. 269 

Samuel Birdsall, s.iiil stoue beiug tweuty-oue chains 
easterly from where the middle of the 13ariie<^at straight 
road to Cedar Bridge crosses said Paucoast road ; theuce, 
sixth, north sixty-seven and a half degrees west to a 
point where the road leading from Millville to the 
Barnegat and Cedar Bridge straight road intersects said 
line; thence, seventh, northerly to a point where the 
Jones road crosses the AVells Mills road; thence north- 
westerly on or along said Jones road to the south line of 
Lacey township ; thence, eighth, easterly along the 
southerly line of said Lacey township' to the mouth of 
03'ster creek ; thence, ninth, south seventy-seven degrees, 
forty-five minutes east to the sea ; thence, tenth, along 
the edge of the sea, crossing Barnegat inlet to the begin- 
ning. 

STAFFORD TOWNSHIP. 

Stafford was set off from the lower part of old Shrews- 
bury township in 1749. The patent creating the town- 
ship was issued in the reign of (xeorge II., and is now 
preserved in the office of the County Clerk at Toms lliver. 
It is the oldest public official document relating to the 
present county of Ocean. It is on parchment with the 
great seal of the Province of New Jersey affixed. The 
following is a copy of 

The Patent of Staford Township, Ocean County : 
George the Second by tlie Grace of God of Great Brit- 
ain, Franco and Irel.uid, King Defender of the Faith, itc. 
TO ALL to whom these presents shall come Greeting Know 
YE that we of our es])ecial Grace certain knowledge and 
meer motion have Given and Granted and by these Pres- 
ents DO Give and Grant for us our Heirs and Successors to 
the Inhabitants of the South western part of the Town- 
ship of Shrewsbury in our Count)' of Moi. mouth in oar 
Province of New Jersey Within the following bound- 
aries (to wit) Beginnincj at Old Barmigat Inlet and from 
the North End of the Beach lying to the Southward of 
the said Inlet, running over the Bay North forty-six de- 
grees West five Miles and thirty-seviMi cliiiiiis to the 



270 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Mouth of Oyster Creek and then West Eleven Miles and 
Seventy chains to Pine tree in the South West plain in 
the Old partition line of East and West Jersey formerly 
run by George Keith thence bounded by the said Old Di- 
vision line South Nineteen degrees East Nineteen Miles 
and Sixty Chains to the south Stationary Point of Di- 
vision between East and West Jersey at the Main Sea 
North Easterly to the place of Beginning according to 
the plan hereunto annexed to be and remain a Perpetual 
Township and Community in Word and in Deed to be 
called and known by the name of the Township of Staf- 
ford. And we further Grant to the said Inhabitants of the 
Township aforesaid and their Successors to choose an- 
nually two Commissioners of the High Ways, one Over- 
seer of the High Ways, one Overseer of the Poor, one 
Assessor, one Town Collector, and one Constable for the 
Town aforesaid and to have hold and Enjoy all other 
Privileges Rights Liberties and Immunities that any 
other Township in our said Province do or may of right 
Enjoy. And the said Inhabitants are hereby Constituted 
and appointed a township by the Name aforesaid. To 
HAVE hold and ENJOY the Privileges aforesaid to them In 
Testimony whereof we have caused these our Letters to 
be made patent and the Great Seal of our Province of 
New Jersey to be hereunto affixed. Witness our Trusty 
and well beloved Jonathan Belcher Esqr : our Captain 
General and Governor in chief in and over our Province 
of Nova Cffisarea or New Jersey and Territories thereon 
depending in America, Chancellor and Vice Admiral in 
the Same &c. at Burlington the third day of March in the 
twenty third year of our Reign A. D. MDCCXLIX. 

" The Plan annexed " is on paper, and has but a 
fragment left. It begins with the words : " The Bounds 
of Stafford Township in Monmouth county, and ends with 
the date February, 10 1749-50. It is in a different hand 
writing. The Patent is on parchment, and the cliiro- 
graphy is beautiful. 

The endorsement on the back reads: "Let the Great 
Seal of the Province of New Jersey be hereunto affixed. 



EARLY SETTLERS. 271 

To the Secretary of tlie Province of New .Terse}'. 

.l.P,elclier. 

"Reconled iu the Secretar^^'s UtHcc in JJurliu^ton iu 
Lib. A A A. of Commissious fol. 305 <tc. J. Read, Re}»r. 

The name Stafford was probably given through the 
indnence of James Haywood, as the Haywood family was 
an ancient family of Staffordshire in England. 

Benjamin Paul was born at Deghton, Mass., and de- 
scended from William Paul, avIio came from England in 
1635. Luke Courtenay, it is said, was l)orn in England 
and came to this country just before the Revolution. 

During the war (in December, 1780,) a shocking ca- 
lamity occurred at Manahawkin, by which several lives 
were lost. A dwellinghouse owned by William Pidgeon, 
on what was once known as the Haywood place, took fire 
and l)urned down. Captain Isaac Andrews lived iu the 
house. His two daughters, one white hired mail and two 
colored men Avere burned to death, so rapid was the fire, 
occasioned by a high wind. Six, persons iu the house 
managed to escape, but without apparel. Mr. Pidgeon 
at the time was ill in the house, and got somewhat burned, 
but leaped out of a second-story window and was then 
taken to a neighboring house ; he was taken worse from 
excitement, and caught cold that night, having l)een re- 
moved in his shirt, and died a few days after. 

James Haywood, said to be from near Coventry, 
England, bought land in Stafford in 1743, and is frequent- 
ly named subseciuently in deeds, and he also was the 
chief man in building the old church, originally a free 
church, but subsequently known as the Baptist church. 
Thomas, George and William Haywood are named be- 
tween 1760 and 1770 and subsequently Reuben, Thomas 
and Job Randolph, Nathan and Seth Crane, Louis Pang- 
born, Luke Courtenay, David and Thomas Johnson, Ben- 
jamin P.Pearson, Benjamin Paul and Zachariah Southard 
were settled here previous to the Revolution, and bore an 
honorable share in that war. The Randolphs probably 
came from Middlesex, and Cranes, Pangborn and Pear- 
son from Essex. 



272 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

The late William Auinack, who loug lived at Cedar 
Creek, built, about fifty years ago, the old storehouse at 
Mauahawkiu, in ths uppar part of the villaga ; he was 
father of John Aumack, now of Toms River, Ex-Sherifi^ 
B. F. Aumack and Elijah and other children, and he sat 
up some of his sons in business here, and they carried 
on an extensive business for a number of years in mer- 
chandise, charcoal, etc. After them Henry C, and Hor- 
ton Gulick had the stand. Among their successors in the 
same stand were Randolph & Abbott, Allen & Son, 
Joshua S. Lawson, Charles M. Sloan, Sprague & Oli- 
phant, Alfred Brown, I. M. Inman, Lewis B. Peckworth 
and Peckworth & Bros., who in 1880, sold to Charles H. 
Cranmer. 

Manahawkin seems to have been one of the earliest 
settled places in Ocean county. The name is said to be 
from Indian words signifying good land or good land for 
corn. The name was anciently written Mannahocking 
and Mauahocking. 

Among early settlers was Nicholas Brown, who died 
about the beginning of 1724. He came from Burlington 
and was the son of Abraham Brown, who came to that 
county from Monmouth and was of Rhode Island origin. 
Nicholas Brown had wife Elizabeth, and sons Abraham 
and Joseph and daughters. 

EAGLESWOOD TOWNSHIP. 

The act creating this township was approved March 
17, 1874. The bounds of the township are thus set 
forth : 

All that j)art of the towushijj of Stafford contained 
within the following bounds : Beginning at a stone in 
the main highway leading from West Creek to Manna- 
hawkin, in a north-easterly direction one hundred and 
ninety-five chains and forty links from the middle of 
West Creek mill stream ; thence runs, first, north forty- 
five degrees west, by a straight line to the Burlington 
and Ocean county line ; thence, second, bounded by and 
following the said line between Burlington and Ocean 



EARIA' SETTLE HS. 273 

counties, iu a soutli-easterly direction to tho Atlaiitir 
Ocean, and thence lunninii; in a nortli-easterlv direction 
to a point south-east I'roni the place of betfinnin<j;. 

The first town meeting iu Eagleswood was fixed to he 
held at the house of George Gaskell, West Creek, on the 
second Tuesday in April, 1874. 

West Creek was one of the earliest, if not the 
earliest settled places in the present county of Ocean. 
The name was anciently given as Westeconk or Weste- 
cunk, an Indian name, probably signifying " a place to 
get meat or eatables," and indicating that this was a 
place of resort for oysters, fish, clams, etc. Among the 
first settlers at West Creek was Gervas Pharo, son of 
James and Ann, born in Lincolnshire, England, 3 mo. 15, 
1675. He came to this country with his parents in the 
ship Shields, in 1678. His father died in 1688, when he 
was only 13 years old. He was left, by his father's will, 
two or three tracts of land, one of which, in Springfield, 
was the one on which his parents resided. In 1706 he 
sold this to his brother-in-law, Richard Rklgway 2d, and 
not long after moved to West Creek. In 1701 he married 
at Hempstead, L. I., Elizabeth Willetts, daughter of 
Hope and Mar}-, of that place. The same year Richard 
Ridgway, 2d, married Mary Willetts, another daughter 
of Hope and Mar}', who are descriljed then as of Jerusa- 
lem L. I.. Gervas Pharo died in 1756, leaving an onlj- 
son named James, from whom descend the Pharos of 
Little Egg Harbor and Ocean county. Members of the 
Willetts, or Willis and Cranmer families were also among 
early settlers. 

LACEY TOWNSHIP — (JKXKRAL JOH.V LACKY. 

Lacey towushii) derives its name from General Jc^hn 
Lacey, who, in the Summer and Fall of 1809, built at 
Ferrago the first forge and also dwelling houses, barns, 
stables, etc., there; and bought large tracts of land in 
that vicinity. In 1810 he applied for authority to have a 
road laid out from Forked River Ijanding to Ferrago and 
thence on to Hanover Furnace. In September, ISIO, the 



274 HI8T0RY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Supreme Court a})])ointed as Commissioners three men 
from Burlington county and three from Monmouth. From 
Burlington, the men appointed were Eli Mathis, Daniel 
(Mathis?) and John Irick ; from Monmouth, John Ha^-- 
wood, James Edwards and Abraham Woolley. The re- 
turn was dated October 13, 1810. The length from 
Forked River Landing to south end of the dam at Ferrago 
was eight and one quarter miles, less three chains ; four 
rods wide from Hanover to Forked River landing. 

This road, the well known "Lacey road," was run 
out by John Black, at one time President of the Mount 
Holly Bank, who, when a young man, followed surveying. 

In 1740 there was a lauding on the north branch of 
Forked River and a cart-way from swamp to the landing 
is named in a survey of that year. 

Robert Hulett and Moses May had dwellings near 
Goodluck between 1740 and 1750; there was at this time 
at Forked River, a bridge over north branch and also 
an "upper bridge." A new causway was also then built. 
In 1748 James Holmes bought 70 acres of land near 
Robert Hulett's house. 

Samuel Worden, or Warden, as it was recorded, had 
salt works at Forked River in 1754. Between 1750 and 
1760 Peter Peshine had dwelling on north branch, and 
John Towson or Tozer, in 1750, had dwelling between 
south branch and Oyster Creek ; about the same time 
John Bird lived between Forked River and Goodluck. 
In 1770 Benjamin Allison lived between middle and 
south branches of Forked River. James Mills took up 
land near bridge on north branch, 1780-90, and had a pub- 
lic house on the site of the present Lafayette House. 
John Winnow or Winner at same time had dwelling be- 
tween north and middle branches, west of main road, on 
the place owned in late years by Daniel Chamberlain, 
deceased. 

Thomas Parker and Francis Letts together bought 
land on Cedar Creek in 1792 ; and Thomas Parker 
bought, in 1805, fifty acres between north and middle 
branches. About this time his son Anthony settled at 



EAliLY SETTLEKS, ETC. 275 

Forked lliver, near where tlie liiverside hotel now is. 

At Cedar Creek, among persons who early took up 
land were (xabriel and David AVoodmansee, sons of 
Thomas. David owned the Judge D. I. C. Rogers place. 
They were settled here at least as earl>- as 1749. David's 
sons, Samufd, James and Gabriel, settled between Stouts 
Creek and north l)raneh of Forked Kiver. 

Thomas Potter, Hi:, ;ind his son, Thomas Potter, the 
friend of Rev. John Murray, were settlers at Goodluek 
about 1750. 

John Holmes, called "the Elder," took up land near 
the Upper Mill, Forked River, 1759 and '60 ; and another 
John Holmes, avIio married C-atharine Brown in 1764, 
lived at the mill before and during the Revolution. 
Samuel Browai, brother of John Holmes' Avife, had a 
place on south branch of Forked River. After the war 
he moved to Maunahawkin. 

Caleb Falkinburg took up land in 1803 between 
Forked River and Stout's Creek. His house was on the 
place owned by the late Captain Joseph Holmes. 

The first settlers of Lacey generally located some 
distance east of the main shore road, and not far from 
where the uplands join the meadows. Their dwellings 
in this vicinity were generally situated about in a line 
from the old Captain Benjamin Stout farm, east of (lood- 
luck Church, across Stout's (h-eek, by the Joseph Holmes 
and James Jones places, and thence to the south side of 
Forked River, by the old James Chamberlain or Ezekiel 
Lewis place, and James Anderson's ; then across Oyster 
Creek, by the old Camburn homestead. And the original 
main route of travel along here appears to have been by 
these places. Then the little north branch of Forked 
River, now known as Bridge Creek, had a bridge over it, 
and there was a ferry across Forked River, nearly oppo- 
site the old AYells swamp, at the place still called " The 
Ferry " by old residents. 

A century ago, the most noted residents ajipear to 
have been : David AVoodmansee, who lived on the place 
now owned by Judge D. I. C. Rogers ; Thomas Potter, 



276 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

who lived on the farm east of Goodliick Church ; Samuel, 
James' and Gabriel Woodmansee, sons of David, who 
lived on the James Jones and Joseph Holmes farms ; 
Samuel Brown, who lived on the old Wright place on 
south branch of Forked River ; and John Holmes, who 
lived at the upper mill, Forked River. 

Rev. John Price, who was made Major after the war, 
moved to Goodluck two or three years before the war 
ended. There was a tavern at Goodluck before the war, 
and one just over Cedar Creek during the war. 

The act establishing the township of Lacey was 
approved March 23, 1871, and its bounds are thus de- 
scribed : 

" All that part of the townships of Union and Dover, 
in the county of Ocean, contained within the following 
boundaries, that is to say : Beginning at a point in the 
line between the counties of Ocean and Burlington where 
the southerly and easterly line of Manchester township 
meets the same ; thence, first, along said township line 
in a north-easterly direction to a point where the road 
from Giberson's mill to Dover Forge crosses said town- 
ship line; thence, second, easterly along said road to 
Dover Forge ; thence, third, south-easterly along Guise's 
road, by Dover Forge pond, to the middle of Cedar Creek ; 
thence, fourth, along the middle of Cedar Creek to its 
junction with Barnegat Bay ; thence, fifth, on a course 
due east to the Atlantic Ocean ; thence, sixth, southerly 
along said Atlantic Ocean to the north side of Barnegat 
Inlet ; thence, seventh, on a course westerly to the mouth 
of Oyster Creek ; thence, eighth, westerly along said 
Oyster Creek to where the road from Waretown to the 
liead of Factory or south branch of Cedar Creek, known 
as Stout's Road, crosses the same ; thence, ninth, westerly 
in a straight line to the head of said Factory branch, on 
the division line between Dover and Union townships ; 
thence, tenth, south-westerly along said division line to 
the county line of Burlington and Ocean ; thence, eleventh, 
along said line north-westerly to the place of begin- 
ning." 



EARLY SETTLERS, ETC. 277 

The first town meeting was appointed to be held at 
the liouse of Martin Hall, at Forked River, on the second 
Tuesday in April, 1871. 

FERRAGO -B.VMBER. 

Ferrago came into possession of Reuben Rockwell, a 
native of Vermont, who came to what is now Ocean 
county about 1843. Mr. Rockwell was informed that 
the milldam was unusually costly, as near $10,000 was 
expended on it. 

The ore in the place had some years before been 
exhausted, and Mr. Rockwell and Joseph Austin, who 
was connected with him, procured ore from up the North 
River, probably near Fishkill. 

William Hurry, of New York, became owner of the 
Ferrago tract, which, with other lands bought by him, 
composed about 10,000 acres owned b}- him. He named 
the place Bamber, in remembrance of Dr. John liamber, 
of Barking, in Essex county, England, from whom his 
mother was descended. 

Ferrago forge was built in the Hummer and Fall of 
1809 by General John Lacey, who, about the same time 
erected dwelling, barns, etc. It is said that Lacey also 
owned an interest in Hanover Furnace. He wished to 
establish a road from Hanover Furnace, by Ferrago, to 
Forked River lauding, and as it would run through two 
counties, he had to apply to the Supreme Court to have 
commissioners appointed to lay out the road, which was 
done September 10, 1810. The commissioners made 
their return October 13, 1810. The road was to be four 
rods wide from Hanover Furnace to Forked River 
landing. 

The name Ferrago is from the Latin word ferrnm, 
iron. 

M A NC 1 1 ESTER TO WNSH 1 1 ' . 

The act creating the Township of Manchester was 
a])])roved April (>, 1805, and it thus detines its bounds : 

All that ])ortion of the Townshi]) of Dover, in the 
county of Ocean, lying ynd being within tlic boundaries 



278 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

as follows : Beginuinf^ in the middle of the chaunel of the 
north or main branch of Toms River, at the southerly 
boundary of the township of Jackson, and running thence 
down the middle of the channel of said branch to where 
it unites Avith Ridgway branch. Thence to a stake in 
the main stage road from Toms River to the village of 
Manchester, which stake is the dividing line between 
lands of A. P. Stanton and the lands of James Brown, and 
running thence in a straight line to a point on the line 
between- Burlington and Ocean counties, distance two 
miles easterly from the centre of the track of the Dela- 
ware and Raritan railroad ; thence north-westerly along 
the dividing line to the south-easterly line of Plumsted 
township. Thence along the south-easterly line of plum- 
sted and Jackson townships to the place of beginning. 

The first town meeting was designated to be held at 
the house of Ridgway Taylor in Manchester. 

Solomon and Job Ridgway bought land on west side 
of north branch of Toms River, four miles above Schenck's 
mill, in 1762, and other tracts at different times. Ridg- 
way's sawmill is frequently named 1790 to 1800. 

Ridgway's sawmill appears to have originally been 
built by James Hepburn and Stephen Pangborn before 
1751, as surveys speak of Hepburn & Pangborn's mill, 
now Ridgway's. 

Vanhorne's new sawmill is named 1749; in 1753 Mat. 
Vanhorne's sawmill place and Vanhorne's brook are 
named. Mat. Vanhorne's bridge over Davenport is named 
1760. In 1795 Tice Vanhorne's branch, Tice Vanhorne's 
and Tice Vanhorne's old sawmill are named. 

Wheatland is on the New Jersey railroad, near the 
Burlington county line. 

Debby Piatt place was a noted hotel where the road 
from the shore forks, one going to Hanover, another to 
New Egypt and a third to Collier's Mills. It is since 
known as Boyd's hotel. 

Ferrago Station is on the New Jersey Southern rail- 
road, and on the road from Ferrago or Baml)er to Han- 
over. 



EARLY SETTLERS, KTC. 279 

Buckingham derives its name from John lUieking- 
ham, a native of Connecticut, who in early life settled in 
Eatontown, Monmouth county, aud subsequently removed 
to the village of Manchester. From thence he moved to 
the place now known as Buckingham, where a steam saw- 
mill and two or three dwellings had been ])ut u]i which 
he purchased. 

The Pine Land Im})rovemeut Company, for improv- 
ing lands along the railroad between Manchester aud 
Lakewood, was incorporated December 25, 1883. The 
incorporators were John E. Howell, New York ; Charles 
C. Lathrop, Newark ; Charles D. Morrow, Newark ; J. B. 
Mallory, New York ; John Torrey, Monmouth Beat-h. 

The postoffice at Manchester was established in 
October, 1841, aud Henry L. Bulkly was the first post- 
master. The next was Peter D. Kneiskern, ap])ointed 
September 30, 1842. He held the office for a number of 
years. William Torrey was postmaster about 1853 4. 

Union sawmill, built by or before 1750, was prol)a- 
bly at Manchester, and from it Union branch derived its 
name. 

The lievolution seemed to have tlirown many saw- 
mills out of business, and this mil] must have suffered 
with others. 

A century ago Manchester was known as Federal 
Forge, and then as Federal Furnace. 

A forge was erected here about 1789, it is said, by 
David Wright and Caleb Ivins. " The old Federal House, 
which was built for the use of David Wright's forge," 
and " Federal Company's coaling house," and " David 
Wright's coaling ground" are named in surveys between 
1795 and 1800. Federal furnace was built not long be- 
fore 1800 by John W. Godfrey, of Philadelphia. In 1815 
Federal furnace was owned by Griffith Jones aud I. 
Holmes. In surveys 1830 and thereabouts " Dover fur- 
nace, late Federal furnace," is naiAed. (Dover forge Avas 
on Cedar Creek. ) 

In 17G4, in a survey to D. Kiiott on Hurricane, 
reference is made to " the ed^e of the place wlicic the 



280 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Hurricane Avincl passes through the swamp." This 
seems to imply that it was thought Hurricane derived its 
name from the hurricane wind. 

WHITINC;. 

Nathan 0. Whiting, from whom Whiting derives its 
name, came from New Haven, Conn., to Ocean county 
about 1852, and purchased an extensive tract of wood 
land and erected a saw-mill, and engaged in the lumber 
business. After about twenty years, he sold out his 
interest and returned to New Haven, where he died April 
28, 1884. He was a son of Deacon Nathan Whiting, 
editor of the RelUjioufi Intelligencer of New Haven. 

Phoenix Forge, a short distance below Federal, was 
built by Jones <fe Wood, and at first was called Lower 
Forge. It was burned down and rebuilt, and hence the 
name of Ph(enix. 

Mr. Benjamin Snyder, of Lakewood, says that 
Samuel G. Wright once owned Federal furnace, and 
after him came Benjamin B. Howell, and then his sons, 
Henry and Lewis Howell, who put up another stack. 

William Torrey has an order sent by General Wash- 
ington, in his own handwriting, to Mr. Torrey's father, 
who was a Colonel in the Revolution, and he also ha^ 
two swords which belonged to his fathor. Colonel Torrey 
was present at the execution of Major Andre. 

Mrs. Torrey, wife of William Torrey, when a little 
girl, sat at the bedside of Tom Paine. His room she 
describes as filthy ; a barrel for a table, a three-legged 
stool for a chair, a dilapidated bedstead, etc. He had 
on a red nightcap. 

BAYYILI.E. 

The village of Bayville, Ocean count}', was formerly 
known as Potter's Creek. The name was changed to 
Chaseford, after Hon. S. P. Chase, Secretary of the 
Treasury. From this it was changed to Bayville. 

x\.mong ancient s'ettlers of this township was John 
Grant, who was among taxpayers 1764, and who is fre- 
cjuently named in ancient records. John and Joseph 
Piatt M'ere also taxpayers 17(34. 



EARLY SETTLEIJS, ETC. 'JSl 

Thomas Pott?r, father oi the Thomas who was the 
frieml of Rev. Jolm Murray, boufi;ht land in what is now 
Berkeley in 17;)(), ami at other times. 

John Williams took up hiud in the mi(hlle of last 
century and owned sawmills, etc. 

UNION TOWNSHIP. 

The township of I'nion was originally estal)lished by 
an aft ap])roved February 7, 184G, entitled, "Au Act to 
set oH' from the townships of Statl'ord and Dover, in the 
county of Monmouth, a new townshi]) to V)e called the 
townshi}) of Union." Its bounds were thus described : 

"Beginning at the sea, and running, first, a due west 
course to the southerly point of Harvest Point ; theuce 
north forty -five degrees w^est, crossing the bay to the 
main meadows ; thence uorth-easterl}' along the edge of 
the same to the mouth of Gunning River ; thence up said 
river its various courses to the mouth of Fresh Creek ; 
thence uj) said creek its various courses to the north line 
of a tract of land known as the Fresh Creek lot, now 
owned by the heirs or devisees of Samuel G. Wright, de- 
ceased, and others; theuce westerly along said line to the 
westerly end thereof ; theuce north fifty-two degrees and 
fifty minutes west along a line known as the Ogden line, 
to a stone, being the second corner of a tract of land 
known as the Ogden tract, standing on a course north 
ten degrees and twenty-one minutes east, eight chains 
and seventy-five links from a large stone standing on 
Par's cabin knovvl ; theuce north-westerly to the north- 
west corner of a tract of land that Joseph W. Pharo pur- 
chased of . the executors of Hamuel Pharo, deceased ; 
thence north fifty degrees west, one hundred and eight 
chains and twenty-seven links to a stone in the west line 
of Sonman's patent ; thence north seventy degrees west 
to tll^ Jiurlington county line ; tiieuce up and along said 
count V liu« to int3r.s3ct with a due west course from the 
liead of the main southerly branch of Cedar Creek, known 
as Factory branch ; thence down and along said brancli 
and creek U> the l)a\ ; tinMic' a due east course to the 



282 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

sea ; thence sontlierly along the edge of the same to the 
beginning." 

The act was to go into effect on the second Tuesday 
of March, 1846. 

The first annual town meeting of the township was 
ordered by the above act of the Legislature to be held at 
the house of Benjamin Predmore, Waretown, on the day 
appointed by law for holding annual town meetings in the 
other townships of the county of Monmouth, and after- 
wards at such place in the township of Union as the 
inhabitants of said township shall determine. 

As long as the township of Union preserved its 
original bounds the town meetings were usually held at 
the same house. 

In 1871 Lacey was set off from Union. In 1876 its 
bounds were again lessened by the act creating the town- 
ship of Ocean. 

BERKELEY TOWNSHIP. 

The act creating the township of Berkeley was 
approved INfarch 31, 1875, and its bounds are thus de- 
fined : 

" All that part of the township of Dover, in the 
county of Ocean, contained within the following boun- 
daries, that is to say : 

" Beginning on the south-west corner of the town- 
ship of Dover at a point where the road from Giberson's 
mill to Dover Forge crosses the easterly line of the town- 
ship of Manchester ; thence, first, easterly along said 
road to Dover Forge, said road being the boundary line 
between the townships of Dover and Lacey ; thence, 
second, southerly along Guise's road by Dover Forge 
pond to the middle of Cedar Creek ; thence, third, 
easterly along the middle of Cedar Creek to its junction 
with Baruegat Bay ; thence, fourth, on a course due east 
to the Atlantic Ocean ; the above metes and bounds 
being the division line between the townships of Dover 
and Lacey ; thence, fifth, northerly along said Atlantic 
Ocean to the south side of old Cranberry Inlet ; thence, 
sixth, cm a course westerly to the middle of Toms Biver 



EARLY SETTLERS, ETC. 'iHM 

Jit its juiu'tiou witli Barueg.at Bay; tlieuce, seventh, 
westerly alouj^- tlie middle of said Toms River and up the 
north branch to the Toms lliver and Mancdiester liail- 
road ; thence, eighth, along said railroad to the east 
division line between the townships of Dover and Man- 
chester ; thence, ninth, southerly along said division line 
to the place of beginning." 

The name Berkeley was selected for this township 
by the late Samuel H. Shreve, formerly Surveyor and 
Civil Engineer of Toms River. 

John B. Larner is said to have purchased the tract 
known as Barnegat Park, west of Bayville, Berkeley 
township, in the Spring of 1887. It was designed to have 
lots sold to army and navy officers and their friends. 
About fifty lots had been sold b}' July following. 

Thomas Placide, a well-known actor, resided in 
Berkeley, on south side of Toms River, not far from the 
County Seat. He was of a family of actors, his father, 
mother, brother and two sisters having followed that pro- 
fession. His l)rother had been a great sufferer from a 
cancer, and he became a victim of the same complaint, 
and it so preyed on his mind that in a tit of desperation 
he took his life July 20, 1877. He was 69 years of age. 

The oldest monument in Berkeley is on the old 
Anderson ])lace, near Dover Chapel. On it is inscribed : 
"Here lies the l)ody of William Cheandin. He died De- 
cember 18, 1759, aged 30 years." The name Cheamlin 
was probably intended for Chamberlain. 

Mary Worth, living in the southern part of Berkeley, 
reached the advanced age of 100 years. She died March 
5, 1873. 

soper's landing. 

The first settler on the Soper place, between Ware- 
town and Barnegat, according to the late Jeremiah 
Spragg, an aged citi/en of Barnegat, was John Perkins, 
whose daughter married James Spragg, father of Jere- 
miah. Mr. Peikins i^ame from England during the old 
French war and located near S<)])er's landing, and subse- 
(jucntlv sold out to Joscpli S(»p(M', ancestor of tlic iiuiiicr- 



284: HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ous Soper families in this vicinity and elsewhere. The 
first house built on the beach opposite to Waretown, 
according- to Mr. Spragg, was by Thomas Rogers. It 
was located near the inlet, and in it lived Kogers, and 
also James 8i)ragg, father of Jeremiah ; and during the 
Revolution they Avitnessed many exciting scenes, such as 
shipwrecks of war and merchant vessels, and contests 
between the British and Americans in efforts to capture 
creAVS and cargoes. The first Soper in New Jersey was 
Thomas Soper, who landed in West Jersey in 1678 The 
old members of this family had a tradition that they 
were of Huguenot descent. The Ocean county Sopers 
descend from Henry Soper, who settled at Huntington, 
L. I., in 16G6. His son Richard came to Middlesex 
county, N. J., and his son Joseph came to Barnegat. 

MASONIC CEMETERY, BARNEGAT. 

On Monday evening, January 12, 1857, a meeting was 
held at Temperance Hall, at Barnegat, for the purpose 
of forming a Barnegat Masonic Cemetery Association. 
Captain T. W. Falkinburg was chairman, and James 
Bodine secretary. The following persons were the 
original associates : Charles I. Errickson, Timothy W. 
Falkinburg, James Robinson, James Bodine, John W. 
Bennett, Nathan S. Craumer, Joseph H. Townseud, Ed- 
win Salter, Thomas Edwards, Joseph Anderson, Alex- 
ander S. Letts, Stephen Conklin, James W. Collins, Jr., 
Levi Cranm'er, Charles Soper, William Errickson. 

The Association was incorporated under the act 
relating to cemeteries passed by the Legislature in 1851. 

The following persons were elected as trustees at 
the first meeting : For one year, Charles I. Errickson, 
James Robinson ; two years, T. W. Falkinburg, Joseph 
Anderson ; three years, James Bodine, John W. Bennett. 

The ajinual meeting was fixed for January 15, 1857. 

UNITED BIKJTHEllS DIVISION SONS OF TEMPERANCE, NO. 103, 

BARNEGAT. 

The certificate of incorporation of this ]3ivision was 
recorded March 10, 185H, and signed by Job F, Randolph, 



EAIilA' SETTLERS, ETC. 285 

W. P., ami (labriel M. Imnaii, Iv. S. The lodge was 
instituted some time before this, prol)al)ly about 1849. 
For a time tliey held their meetings iu an upper room or 
hall prepared for them, and also used for other purposes, 
in the Temperance House, kept l)y Gabriel M. Inman. 

Barnegat Lodge, Knights of Pvthias, No. 71, was 
incorporated January 20, 1887. Incorporators Ira S. 
Cranmer, Thomas Bamford and Jose])h O. Elbertson, 
trustees. 

Mariners' Lodge, No. 150, F. A. M., was organized 
February 7. 1881. It had been working under a dispen- 
sation granted Ma}' 5, 1880. 

The Town Hall at Barnegat was completed alxnit 
Januar}', 1871. 

The Masonic Cemetery contained I'll burials up to 
July 4. 1872. 

BURRSyiLLE. 

The forge at Burrsville was established about March, 
1808, by John Lippencott. It was subsequently bought 
by Barzillai Burr and John Butcher, and was once 
known as Butcher's forge. Burrsyille deriyes its name 
from Barzillai Burr. 

In 1808 John Li})})incott bought land of Pr()[)rietors 
described as on "south side of Metetecuuk, near Indian 
stage, and near road from new bridge over Metetecunk 
to Cedar Bridge." He also bought, subsequently, numer- 
ous tracts near Metetecunk river and Kettle Creek. 

The PostofRce at this place was established about 
1839 or '40, and called Metetecunk, and so continued down 
to about 1884, when the P. (). department changed it to 
Burrsyille. B. H. Fielder was the tirst Postmaster ; 
among his successors was Hon. A. (). S. Havens, the sec- 
ond member of the Assembly from Ocean county. 

METETECUNK .M. K. CllUKCil. 
The ^1. K. cliurcli at this ])hic»' was dedicated Decem- 
ber -29, 1S78. 

I!\V IIKAD. 
This place holds tlie key of the mainhmd at the 



286 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

notliermost extremity of Barnegat Baj^ Ou July 25, 
1883, ground was broken for the erection of the office of 
the Company. At this time a number of lots had been 
sold and several cottages contracted for. 

A Postoffice was established at Bay Head in the 
Summer of 1882, Julius Foster, Postmaster. 

The Bay Head Land Company was incorporated 
September 6, 1879. Capital 112,000. Incorporators 
David H. Mount, Pioeky Hill, Edward Howe, Leavitt 
Howe and William Harris, of Princeton. 

This quickly developed Summer resort may be said 
to have contributed largely to the current of popular fa- 
vor now bestowed upon this portion of Ocean county. It 
is situated at the head of Barnegat Bay, from which it 
takes its name of "Ba}' Head." There are about 286 
lots in this tract, 50x100 feet in size. Its present popula- 
ation is seventy-five. The improvements in 1882 com- 
prise 20 new cottages, and all the other improvements in 
a resort in the process of development. A sea wall has 
been put in, roads built and graded, &c. The prospects 
for the future are flattering, new houses being rapidly 
built. Bay Head Junction adjoins this tract and con- 
forms with its survey. 

. MANTOLOKING. 

This beautiful property lies south of Bay Head on 
the peninsula beach, bounded on the east b}' the Atlantic 
ocean, on the west by Barnegat Bay. Considerable 
money has been laid out in improvements of this tract, 
of which the grading and complete laying over of the 
entire beach with heavy fertile inland soil may be men- 
tioned. This tract was first brought into notice by the 
New Jersey Sea-Shore Land and Improvement Com- 
pany, under the management of Capt. John Arnold, of 
Point Pleasant, whose energies awakened much interest 
in behalf of the place. Quite a number of fine cottages 
are already upon it, and many more in contemplation. 

SILVESTER. 

The Kettle Creek ])ost office was established about 
1834 or '5 and Mary Kelly was postmistress. 



KAIHA' SF/rri.KltS, ETC. 287 

Kettle Creek was anciently known also as Fishing 
Creek. 

James FuUerton had a ijatent tor laml Ijcuinniuir 
at north cape of Kettle or Fishing Creek and Dr. John 
Dalrymple had tract adjoiniufj;. 

iVmong persons who took u}) land from the pro- 
prietors in its vicinity were John Forman 174'2-5 ; William 
Brinley 1742 ; Benjamin Woolley 1747 ; Richard Stout 
1747 ; Ebenezer A])plegate 1750 ; Abraham Schenck 1755 ; 
Annanias Gitibrd 1756 ; David Knott 1761 1770 ; Delan- 
cey and Cuyler 1763 ; James Parker 1764 ; John Allen 
1766. Among other persons who owned land here about 
or before this time were Tliomas Tiltou, Samuel Hulett, 
Joseph Potter and John Chambers. 

There was a saw mill built on Kettle Creek about 
1740 and probably by Ebenezer Applegate, as in 1761 his 
"old saw mill" is referred to. It is presumed that this 
Ebenezer Applegate was a son of Jacob, as in the tax list 
of 1764 " Ebenezer A])plegate son of Jacob" is the only 
Ebenezer named. Between 1740 and 1750 bridges were 
over branches of Kettle Creek, one of which was built bj- 
Benjamin Woolley and Job Cook. In 1764 John Allen 
had a saw mill on north branch. 

Tunis Denise took up considerable land in 1755 and 
thereabouts near Meteteconk and had saw and grist mill. 
It is possible that from him may be derived the name 
Tunes, one of the branches of Kettle Creek. In 1815 
Silvenus Bills owned the Tunis Denise mills. 

Michael Ortley, whose name is noted in connection 
with land on the beach, took up land in 1818 between 
north and south branches of Kettle Creek. 

About the latter part of last century John Havens, 
Senior, bought dwellinghouse and land of John Allen and 
John Havens, Jr., bought dwelling and land of James 
Allen and in 1800 took up a tract from proprietors be- 
tween Kettle Creek and Reedy Creek, near head of latter. 

James Runnals lived south side Metetecunk 1745. 

POINT PLEASANT. 

Point Pleasant is a name a}i])lied to a semi-peninsu- 



288 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

lar tract of land iu Brick Towusliip, Ocean county, 
rapidh^ becoming- studded with resorts. It constitutes 
the northern extremity of the county, and is bounded on 
the east by the Atlantic, on the north-west by the beau-, 
tiful Manasquan river, and on the south by the Metete- 
conk river and the head of Barnegat bay. The distance 
across the neck of the semi-peninsula (between the Mete- 
teconk and Manasquan rivers) is nearly two miles, while 
its ocean front stretches for three miles along the beach. 
Point Pleasant is a fertile tract, with well wooded undu- 
latory hills interspersed with lakelets, and faces a part of 
the Manasquan river with a bluff. It is reached from 
New York by the New Jersey Central railroad and also 
by the Freehold and Jamesburg branch of the Pennsyl- 
vania railroad ; and from Philadelphia by the Philadel- 
phia and Long Branch railroad. 

Some 18 or 20 years ago Point Pleasant was an 
imimproved, undeveloped tract, till taken hold of by Capt. 
John Arnold, seconded afterwards by no less energetic 
allies, and the result of his and their energy and enter- 
prise is now seen in fine cottages, schools, churches, 
stores, hotels and boarding-houses standing on well laid 
out streets and avenues, where formerly rabbits and rep- 
tiles were wont to burrow. At that time the popiilation 
did not exceed 12 families who had houses fit to live in; 
and ingress from or egress to either Philadelphia or New 
York implied forty miles by stage, and the loss of a 
whole day for the single journey. Point Pleasant now 
has Methodist Episcopal, Methodist Protestant, Episco- 
pal, Roman Catholic, and Presbyterian churches ; graded, 
jDublic and private schools; two Postoffices and railroad 
stations as mentioned, and numerous hotels and board- 
ing-houses. Its chief attractions are those presented 
by the ocean, Barnegat bay and Manasquan river, afford- 
ing facilities for boating, fishing, crabbing, bathing, gun- 
ning, <^'C., its shady groves, and pure sea air. 

ARNOLD CITY. 

Arnold City is the most northerly of the new resorts 
referred to under Point Pleasant. The tract comprises 



EARLY SETTLERS, ETC. 289 

300 lots, 50x100 feet, witli avenues 70 feet and streets GO 
feet in width. It is named after Ca])tain John Arnohl, 
the pioneer of this beautiful section of our coast. The 
improvements alread}^ mentioned under Point Pleasant, 
include the resorts. This tract is a part of the Arnold 
farm, purchased b}- Eobert M. Worthinojton, who is as- 
sociated with Brighton, a flourishing new Summer resort 
in Monmouth county. By liis able management of the 
Arnold tract most of the entire property has been dis- 
posed of to classes who are calculated to improve it. On 
this property are a station and roundhouse of the New 
Jerse}' Central railroad. 

rOINT PLEASANT CITY. 

Point Pleasant City is the name of a Summer resort 
adjoining Arnold City. It is one of the first tracts taken 
up and laid out for a Summer city by the sea at Point 
Pleasant. It has received increasing patronage from 
seaside seekers, who have purchased lots and are build- 
ing Summer homes upon them. The " Resort House," 
and other hotels and boarding-houses attract large num- 
bers during the hot Summer months. 

JJAY HEAD JUNCTION. 

This property is the last remaining beach tract imme- 
diately connecting with the main land on the New Jersey 
coast. It lies north of Bay Head. It contains 190 lots, 
and oflters the same advantages and attractions as the 
other Point Pleasant resorts. 

THE POINT PLEASANT LAND COMPANY. 

In the Spring of 1878 this company bought the John 
Forman i)roperty, consisting of 250 acres. The officers 
were John L. Murphy, President, James Buchanan, Sec- 
retary, J. Hart Brewer, Treasurer. 

Their first ]iurchase extended from the ocean back 
to the old Squan road, and down to near the head of 
Barnegat Bay. Streets were laid out fifty to sixty feet 
wide. 

The company was incorporated Oct. 22, 1877, capital 
*50,0()0. Incorporators, J. Hart Bre\v(>r, Charles H. 



290 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

8kirm, Jolin L. Murpli}^ James Buchanan and William 
Cloke. 

The Stafford Forge Crauberr}^ bog is quite a noted 
one, and usually verj^ productive. In 1<S77 Mr. Daniel 
li. Gowdy, the owner, had 300 pickers employed. 

John Lawrence of Mauasquan sold 232 acres in 1727 
to Thomas Tilton of Shrewsbury. 

Osborne's Island is now owned by Dr. Fuller of New 
York. As the river channel runs south of it, it belongs 
to Monmouth. 

Joseph Lawrence was a son of the first AVilliam and 
became possessed of '4-7ths of his father's estate above and 
below Manasquan river. 

roiNT PLEASANT NOTES. 

The Thomas Cook place at junction of the river was 
bought by Thomas Cook, Sr., of Walter and Mary Curtis 
1782. 

The first Thomas Cook named above had children 
Thomas, Richard and Sarah who married Thomas 
Shearman. 

The Curtis family owned at one time most of the 
land around Point Pleasant. The first of the family were 
sbep-sons of Joseph Lawrence who married a widow 
Curtis. Joseph Lawrence lived just over the river in 
Monmouth on the Col. James Osborne place. 

The island in the river was once called Hartshorne's 
Island and then Osborne's Island. Samuel Osborne is 
named in this vicinity in 1754. 

OLD TIMES IN OCEAN COUNTY. 



THE LAST WAR WITH ENGLAND — CAPTURE OF OCEAN COUNTY 

VESSELS. 

During the war of 1812-14, Ocean county vessels 
trading to New York and elsewhere, found their business 
seriously injured by British cruisers on our coast. 
Occasionally some bold, fortunate master of a vessel 
would succeed in eluding the enemy's vigilance, and 



OLD TIMES IN OCEAN COUNTY. 291 

arrive safely at New York ; but j^t'iierally thev were lujt 
so fortunate. Commodore Hardv, in his tia^-slii]), the 
" Ramillies," a 74-gnu ship, liad ronniiand of the IJritish 
l)h)eka(lin<j; squadron ou our coast. All aeeounts, written 
and traditioiiid, coueede that he was one of the most 
honorable otlieeis in the l^ritish service. Tulike the in- 
famous Admiral ('ockl)urii, who commanded tlie l)hK-k- 
adiug squadion further south. Hardy never took private 
})ro])erty of Americans, except coiitral)and in war, with- 
out offering c )mi)ensati()n. By liis vigilance he iutiieted 
considerable damage to our coasters, and by nearly stop- 
ping this trade, injury als(» resulted to a lai-ge portion of 
other citizens then depending on the lumber trade. 

On the last day of March, 18l:-3, Hardy, in the 
" Ramillies," came close to Barnegat Inlet and sent in 
barges loaded with armed men after two American ves- 
sels lying in the inlet. Thev boarded the schooner 
"Greyhound," Captain Jesse Rogers, of Potter's Creek, 
and attempted to take her out, but she grounded. The 
enemy then set fire to her and she was burned, together 
with her cargo of lumber. They then set fire to a sloop 
l)elonging to Captain Jonathan Winner, Hezekiali Soper 
and Timothy 8oper, of Waretown. This vessel was 
saved, however, as signals were fired by the Commodore, 
recalling the barges in haste, that he might start in pur- 
suit of some vessel at sea. As soon as the barges left, 
the Americans went on board the sloop and extinguished 
the fire. The name of the sloop has generally been given 
as the " Mary Elizabeth," V)ut one or two old residents 
insist that it was the " Susan." The probability is that 
vessels of both names were fii-ed, but at diff'erent times. 
While the l)arges Avere in the inlet a party landed ou 
the beach, on the south side, and killed fifteen head of 
cattle belonging to Jeremiah Spragg and John Allen. 
The owners were away, but the British left word tliat if 
they presented their bill to Commodore Hardy, he would 
settle it, as he generally did similar ones. But the owners 
were too patriotic to attempt anything that seemed like 
furnishing supplies to the enemy. 



292 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

At another time the schooner " President," Captain 
Amos Birdsall, of "Ware town, hound to New York, was 
taken by Commodore Hardy, who at once commenced to 
take from the schooner her spars, deck planks, etc. Cap- 
tain Birdsall, with his crew, had liberty to leave in their 
yawl ; but on account of a heavy sea they were detained 
a da}" or two cm board, when they succeeded in getting 
on board a fishing smack, and thus got home. Before 
Captain Birdsall left the " Ramillies," the masts of his 
schooner had been sawed into plank b}' the British. 

The sloop " Elizabeth," Captain Thomas Bunnell, 
of Forked River, was captured by barges sent into Bar- 
uegat Inlet, and towed out to sea ; but it is said she was 
shortly after lost on Long Island, The captain saw the 
barges coming, and he and the crew escaped in the yawd. 
She was owned by William Piatt and Captain Bunnell. 
At another time Captain Bunnell was taken out of another 
vessel and detained by the British some time, and then 
put on board a neutral vessel, said to have been Spanish, 
and thus got to New York. The sloop " Traveler," Cap- 
tain Asa Grant, was set on fire by the British, but the fire 
was extinguished after the British left. At another time, 
two sloops, one named the " Maria," Captain Joshua 
Warren, and the other the "Friendsliip," Captain Thomas 
Mills, were chased ashore near Squan. They were com- 
ing down the beach, when Commodore Hardy espied and 
stood for them, and they ran ashore. Hardy sent barges 
ashore to plunder them. One boat came to the " Friend- 
ship," and the bowsman caught hold of the tatfrail to 
jump on board. Jesse Chadwick, a soldier of the Eevo- 
tion, went to the edge of the shore and shot the man. 
The barges then put back to the ship, which fired about 
two hundred balls at the sloops. 

A vessel commanded by Captain John Rogers, who 
lived near Toms River, was also captured, and Rogers 
himself detained for a while on the British man-of-war. 
(ya])tain Rogers used frecpiently to relate his adventures 
on this ill-starred trip wdiich cost him his vessel. 

Captain Jesse Rogers, of the "Greyhound," wh(> 



(II. 1 1 11 Mrs IN OCEAN C'orNTY. 293 

lived t(» (|uite an advaiu'j'd a^e, made ctt'oits to have his 
losses reimlmrsed by Coiij^ress, as did also ^Messrs. Spragtjj 
and Allen and otliers, but tliey were unsuccessful. 

At Waretown much excitement was created by the 
barges of Commodore Hardy entering tlie inlet and burn- 
ing the " Cxreyliound." At Forked Kiver a new dwelling 
and store had just been erected at the upper landing by 
Cliarles Parker, father of ex-Governor Joel Parker. Mr. 
Parker informed the writer that though his house was 
unfinished, yet the roof was tilled with persons watching 
Hardy's proceedings. Judge Jacob Birdsall, then a boy, 
was among the children sent to dwellings back in the 
woods for safety. 

The war of 1812 did not seem to be a very popular 
one in New Jersey, as the political party opposing it 
generally carried the State. To raise troops, a draft was 
at one time ordered along shore, which called for one 
man in every seven. This draft, however, seemed to 
work but little hardship, as seven men would club tcj- 
gether to hire a substitute, who could generally be 
engaged for a bonus of fifty dollars. Most of the men 
obtained under the orders for drafting were sent to de- 
fend Sandy Hook, where, from the reports they subse- 
i]uently made, their time was principally occu))ied in 
uttering maledit-tions on commissaries for furnishing 
them with horse beef and other objectionable grub. 
Among those wlio volunteered, the last survivor at Forked 
River was the late Gershom Ay res, who served under 
General Rossell. At Waretown, lialpli Clnunbers was 
the last survivor. He- was properly entitled to a ])ension 
for wounds received in the battle of Plattsburg ; but as 
lie had money of his own when wounded, he hired medi- 
cal attendance at a ])rivate house to insure good atten- 
tion, by which means his name esca])ed V)eing embraced 
in the official report of wounded. At Barnegat, Tunis 
Bodine was the last survivor of the war of 18P2, and 
received a pension for his services. In September, 1M77, 
Mr. Bodine com])leted his eighty-sixth year, and was 
remarkalth well and hearlv. 



294 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

BIRTHPLACE OF UNI VERS ALISM IN AMERICA. 



THE POTTER CHUJICH AT GOODLUGK. 

A singular and interesting cliapber in the religious 
liistory of not only Ocean county, but of this countiy, 
relates to the noted old Goodluck Churcli, formerly 
known as the "Potter Church," built in 1766 by Thomas 
Potter, a benevolent citizen of the village, who then lived 
east of the church on the farm subsequently owned by 
the late Captain Benjamin Stout. Before building the 
church, Potter had been in the habit of opening his 
house to travelling preachers of all p3rsuasious, and 
after a while erected this edifice free to all denomina- 
tions, and in it preached Quakers, Presbyterians, Bap- 
tists and Methodists, and in it was preached the first 
Universalist sermon ever delivered in America. 

The earliest notice of old Potter Church at Goodluck 
is found in the following extract from the Journal of 
John Griffith, a preacher of the Society of Friends, found 
in Friends' Library, vol. 5, ]). 428 : 

" On 3d day, 22d of 4th month, 1766, had a large 
meeting at Little Egg Harbor. Next clay had a meeting 
in a new Presbyterian meetinghouse near Barnegat. It 
was large and held more than an hour in silence which 
the people were not accustomed to. At length the word 
was given with authority and cleverness, showing the ad- 
vantage of silence in worship. -' "' We travelled by the 
seaside to a place called Goodluck where we found a 
large meetinghouse not quite finished, erected by one 
Thomas Potter, intended by him, it seems, for all preach- 
ers to make use of, who would preach freely, except Pa- 
pists, who would not be admitted even on those terms. 
We had a meeting in it, but notice not coming timely, it 
was small and to little satisfaction. We met him that 
afternoon on his return. He seemed sorry he happened 
to be out at that time ; he Avas beyond hireling ministry. 

CENTENARY CELEBRATION AT GOODLUCK. 

Rev. Abel C. Thomas a noted and an aged minister 
of the Universalist Society furnished the following 



M"^ 'f^v 




296 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

account of the Ceuteunial Celebration of Universalism in 
Goodluck, Ocean county, in 1870, for the ^V^^^' Jei'><eij 
Courier, soon after it occurred : 

"We had no expectations of hirge delegations of our 
members at the late celebration in Goodluck. Our 
centenary had been attended the week previously in 
Gloucester, Mass., the number present being variously 
estimated from ten to fifteen thousand, including two 
hundred and fifty out of six hundred au 1 fifty clergymen. 

"On the 28th of September, 1770, Rev. John Murray, 
a disciple of Kelly (in the sense that Relly was a disciple 
of Christ) landed on the coast of New Jersey. 

"The late great convocation in Gloucester antedated 
the landing of Murra}^ by the space of one week, and a 
few of us detei mined to spend the exact Centenary at 
Goodluck, Ocean county. This was what took us there ; 
precisely one hundred years from the landing of Murray, 
we held a memorial service in the old church, and also at 
the Grave of Thomas Potter — the order being substan- 
tially the same that we had used in Gloucester. The 
only change was this : " We strew this evergreen and 
these flowers, in memory and honor of Thomas Potter, 
the friend and patron of John Murray, our early preacher 
of Universalism in America." 

After a brief address by the Rev. Abel C. Thomas, 
Avho conducted the services, a hymn was sung, and the 
services were appropriately closed. 





I'AliSOK Ml'KIiAY OK THK. ( VOOIJUUCK 
UKIVKHSAl.IST OIKIiCH. 



298 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

CAPTAIN ADAM HYLER. 



THE BAKING rUIVATEER OF THE REVOLUTION. 

Amoiif'- the captains of privateers who came into 
Toms River during the Revolution was Captain Adam 
Hyler. At the time Toms River was burned, one of his 
barges was found in the stream and carried away by the 
British. 

It is rare to find, in fact or fiction, more darinu' 
exploits recorded than those performed chiefly in the 
waters around old Monmouth by Captain Adam Hyler, 
who resided at New Brunswick during the latter part of 
the Revolutionary war. From some unaccountable cause, 
the heroic deeds of this man have received but little 
notice from historians ; indeed, we remember of but one 
modern work that makes any allusion to them, and that 
gives only two or three of the items published below. 

Captain Hyler' s operations were carried on in Rari- 
tau Bay, and along our coast as far down as Egg Harbor ; 
chiefly, however, in the first named place. Though he 
sometimes used sail craft, yet he generally dejjended 
upon whale l)oats or large barges, rowed by skillful 
crews. These barges were generally kept at New Bruns- 
wick, but some were at times concealed in small streams 
emptying into Raritan Bay and River, which place was 
then reached by old Cranberry Inlet. 

Though the Refugee band which had its headquar- 
ters at the settlement on Sandy Hook, around the light- 
house, gave great annoyance to the patriots of Monmouth ; 
yet their operations were much circumscribed by the 
efforts of Captain Hyler and his brave compatriots, who 
seriously interfered with the vessels of the Refugees, as 
well as of the British, and when opportunity offered, as 
will hereafter be seen, hesitated not to attack their settle- 
ment, and even the lighthouse fort itself. The Refugees 
would sometimes boast of successful midnight maraud- 
ing expeditions into the adjacent country, but the bold, 
skillful exploits of Hvlei- far ocli])s;Ml their best planned 
efforts. 



CAPTAIN ADAM HVI.Ki;. 299 

A (.'lejii' idea of Captain Hvler's niainu^r of liaiassiu" 
the enemj- is given in the following extracts, copied from 
various ancient papers i)ublished at the time. Tiiey 
serve to aid in completing the picture of life and times 
in and around old Monmouth during the Rovolution. 

" October 7, 1781. On Friday last, Captain Adam 
Hyler, from New Brunswick, with one gunboat and two 
whaleboats, within a quarter of a mile of the guard- 
ship at Sandy Hook, attacked five vessels, and after a 
smart conflict of fifteen minutes, carried them. Two of 
them were armed, one mounting four six-})ounders, and 
one six swivels and one three-pounder. The hands made 
their esc'ape with their long boats, and took refuge in a 
small fort, in which were mounted twelve swivel guns, 
from which they kept up a constant firing, notwithstand- 
ing which he boarded them all without the loss of a 
man. On board one of them was jJ")0 bushels of wheat 
and a quantity of cheese belonging to Captain Lippen- 
cott, bound to Xew York. He took from them fifty 
Inishels of wheat, a quantit}' of cheese, several swivels, a 
number of fuses, one cask of powder and some dry- 
goods, and stripped them of their sails and rigging, not 
being able to bring the vessels into port in consequence 
of a contrary wind and tide ; after which he set fire to all 
save one, on V)oard of which was a woman and four small 
children, which prevented her from sharing a similar 
fate." 

On the loth of October, a week or ten days after the 
above-mentioned affair, Captain H3der, with one gunboat 
and two whaleboats, boarded a sloop and two schooners, 
which all hands, except two, had previously left, and 
which lay under the cover of the lighthouse tort at Sandv 
Hook, and brought them all oH'; l)ut the sloop IxMug a 
dull sailoi', and being much annoyed from a galley lying- 
near Staten Island, she was set on fire about three miles 
from the fort. One of tiie schooners running agiounil b\ 
accident, was strip])ed and left ; the other, a remarkably 
fine, fast sailing, A'irginiii built pilot, mounteil with one 
four-poundei-, was bi'onglit, with two ])risoners, safely otl'. 



300 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

On the 2J:tli of the same mouth, he started with oue 
guuboat to surprise the " refugee town " at Saudv Hook. 
He landed within three quarters of a mile of the light 
house, but found the refugees were out in Monmouth 
county on a plundering expedition. He, however, fell in 
Avitli six noted villains who he brought off and lodged in 
a safe place. A subsequent notice of Captain Hyler, 
says that at one time he captured the Captain of the 
guard at the light house, with all his men, but whether 
it was at this or some other time, is not stated. 

November 14th, 1781. On Saturday night, C^aptain 
Hyler, with a gunl)oat and a small party of mem went to 
the Narrows, where he captured a ship with fourteen 
hands, and brought her off with the intention of running 
her up the Raritan river, Ijut near the mouth she 
unluckil}^ got aground, and, as the enemy approached in 
force, he was obliged to set her on fire. She was loaded 
with rum and pork ; several hogsheads of the former he 
got out and brought off with the prisoners. 

The ship captured was proljably " The Father's De- 
sire," as twenty hogsheads of rum and thirty barrels of 
pork were advertised by the U. S. Marshal to be sold a 
few days after ; which the advertisement states were 
taken from a ship of this name by Captain Hyler. 

" On the 15th of December, Captain Hyler, avIio 
commands seven or eight stout Avhale boats, manned 
with near one hundred men at the Narrows, fell in with 
two refugee sloops trading to Shrewsbury, one of them 
commanded by the noted villain, ' Shore Stephens,' and 
had on board £600 in specie, besides a considerable 
quantity of dry goods ; the other had similar articles, 
also sugar, rum, etc. They were taken to New Brunswick." 

The many daring exploits of Ca])tain Hyler, follow- 
ing so close oue after another, aroused the British at 
New York, and they fitted out an expedition with the 
determination of destroying his boats, and, if possible, 
capturing him. The following account of this expedition 
is derived chiefly from Philadelphia ])a})ers of the dates 
of Januarv 15th and IGtli 17S2 : 



( Al'l'AIN A1>A.M HVl.KI!. oOl 

•'A pjiity of the liritisli lately cilxnit Jaiiuaiv '.Uln 
nijule an iiu-ursiou to New Bruuswick with the desij^n, it 
is said, of can'vin<4 oti" the boats of the celebrated ]»artisaii. 
Captaiu Adam Hyler. They lauded at New lUuiiswiek 
and plundered two houses, but were gallantly opposed 
by the neighboring- niiltia, and the enemy were driven oft' 
with some loss. Further accounts say there were some 
200 refu<rees and British, and that theA* succeeded in 
destroying the whale boats. No Americans were killed, 
but five were wounded and six taken prisoners. Several 
Tories were killed — four known to be, and several were 
seen to be carried ol!" The British made the attack 
about five o'clock, A. M., just before daylight, and the 
American account says the expedition was well jjjanued. 
and that the Tories held the town for about an hour. 
The British regulars were detachments from the 40th 
and 42d regiments, under command of Captain Beckwith, 
in six boats, and they took ;i\vay all of Hyler's boats. 
The British alleged that ('a])taiu Hyler was a deserter 
from the llovalists." 

• It is probable that at this time, besides his boats at 
New Brunswick, Captain Hyler had others concealed 
elsewhere, as we find early in the following s])ring he 
was at woi'k as usual, ap))areiitly l>iit little inconveni- 
enced bv the loss oi the boats taken by the IJritisli. 
though he may have ])uilt some in the meantime. In 
March following, wIkmi the ]5ritisli attacked and burned 
Toms Kiver, they boasted of having c-a])tured there a 
fine large barge, belonging to Cajjtain Hyler. 

In April, 1782, Captain Hyler, in an open bitat. 
boarded and took a large cutter, almost ready for sea. 
lying near Sandy Hook, and near the Lion man-of-war, 
sixty-four guns. This cutter mounted twelve eighteen 
pounders, and was commandeil by one White, formerly 
of Philadel[)hia, but turned apostate. Hyler lih'w u]) 
the vessel, which was designed as a cruisei', and took 
forty prisoners. Anotlier account says the nund)er of 
})risoners was fifty, and the cutter's armament was six 
eighteen pounders an<l ten nine pounders. .\t the sann^ 



302 HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES, 

time lie took a sloop which was ransomed for £400. The 
Captain of the cutter gives an amusing account of the 
way Hyler captured his vessel. 

"On the 25th of May, 1782, Captain Hyler, with his 
armed boats, being in Shrewsbury river, a party of 
British troops, consisting of twenty-iive men, under Cap- 
tain Shaak, was detached to intercept him in the gut. 
Hjder discovered them, and landed thirteen men with 
orders to charge ; when four of the enemy were killed or 
Avounded, and the Captain and eight men taken prisoners. 
By the firing of a gun it was supposed others were killed, 
as they were seen to fall. Just before this affair Captain 
Hyler had met with a hurt, or otherwise he probably 
would not have let a man escape." 

On the 2d of July, Captain Hyler, assisted by Cap- 
tain Story, another brave partisan, in New York bay, 
with two whale bf)ats, boarded and took the schooner 
" Skip Jack," carrying six guns, besides swivels, and 
burned her at iioon, in sight of the guard-ship, and took 
the Captain and nine or ten men prisoners. About the 
same time he also took three or four trading vessels* 
loaded with calves, sheep, &c. 

These were probabh* about the last exploits in which 
Captain Hyler was engaged, as we find no further men- 
tion of his name in ancient papers until the announce- 
ment of his death, some two months after. He died at 
New Brunswick on the 6tli of September, 1782. 

The following from an ancient paper gives a graphic 
account of his manner of conducting his operations. It 
was originally published June 19, 1782 : 

" The exertions of the celebrated w^ater partisan, 
Captain Adam Hjder, have been a considerable annoy- 
ance to the wood shallops, trading vessels and plunder- 
ing pirates of the enemy aboiit Sandy Hook, Long Island 
and Staten Island for several months past. You have 
heard that his effort to take an eighteen-gun cutter was 
crowned with success. It was indeed a bold and hazard- 
ous attempt, c^msidering how well she was provided 
against being boarded. He was, however, compelled to 



CAPTAIN ADAM HYLElt. '.iO'.', 

blow ber u]), after securing:; his ])iis()iiers and a tew arti- 
cles cm board. His surprising a (!a})tain of the guard, at 
the Hghthouse, with all his men, a short time ago, was a 
handsome afiair, and gained him miudi credit. He has 
none but picked and tried men. The person who dis- 
covers the least symptom of fear or ditlideuce, be he who 
he will, is immediately turned on shore and never suf- 
fered to enter again. In the next place, they are taught 
to be particularly expert at the oar, and to row with such 
silence and dexterity as not to be heard at the smallest 
distance, even though three or four boats be together, 
and go at the rate of twelve miles an hour. Their cap- 
tures are made chieHy by surprise or stratagem ; and 
most of the crews that have hitherto been t.dven by these 
boats declare they never knew anything (jf an enemv 
being at hand till the}' saw the i)istol or cutlass at their 
throats." 

After the notorious Refugee, Lipjieucott, had barba- 
rouslv murdered C;i])taiu Joshua Huddv, near the Hio-li- 
lands, General Washington was anxious to have the 
murderer secured. He had been demanded of the 
British General, and his surrender refused. Captain 
Hylar was determined to take Lippencott On inquirv 
he found that he resided in a well known house in Broad 
street, New York. Dressed and ecpiipped like a man-of- 
war press gang, he left the Kills, with one boat, after 
dark, and arrived at Whitehall about ni)ie o'clock. Here 
lie left his boat in charge of three men and passed to 
the residence of Lippencott, where he inquired for him 
and found that he was absent, having gone to a cock pit. 
Thus failing in his ol)ject he returned to his boat, witli 
his jj/'ess (j<in(j, and left Whitehall, but finding a slooj) 
lying at anchor oft' the battery, from the AVest Indies, 
laden with rum, he took her, cut her cable, set her sails, 
and, with a north-east wind, sailed to Eli/abethtown 
Point, and before daylight, had landed frctm her and 
secured forty hogsheads of rum. He then burned the 
sloop to i)revent her re-capture. 

The fact of Captain Hyler's having been formerlv in 



304 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

the British service, increases our admiration for his bohl 
operations. Had he been taken by the British he proba- 
bly woukl have received a deserter's punishment. 



NEW JERSEY WATERING PLACES — THEIR 
ORIGIN. 



The first seaside resorts in New Jersey in all proba- 
bility were Long Beach, in Monmouth, and Tucker's 
Beach, in Little Egg Harl)or. The first named place, 
now in Ocean county, is opposite the villages of Barnegat 
and Mannahawkin, and the latter opposite Tuckerton. 
Of these places Watson's Annals of Philadelphia says : 

" We think Long Beach and Tucker's Beach in point 
of earliest attraction as a seaside resort for Philadel- 
phians must claim the precedence. They had their visi- 
tors and distant admirers long before Squan and Deal, 
and even Long Branch itself, had got their several fame. 
To those who chiefly desire to restore languid frames, 
and to find their nerves l)raced and firmer strung, noth- 
ing can equal the invigorating surf and general air. " " 
Long Branch — last but greatest in fame, because the 
fashionables who rule all things have made it so — is still 
inferior as a surf to those above named." 

Before the Revolution, Philadelphians and others 
from a distance who visited Long and Tucker Beaches, 
went in old-fashioned shore wagons on their return trips 
from the city, and took with them their stoves, blankets, 
etc. Some people on the beaches began to make pro- 
visions to receive these transient boarders, and so origi- 
nated this business in New Jersey in which now annually 
is spent such an immense amount of money. The shore 
wagons carted fish and oysters to Philadelphia, Trenton 
and other places over a hundred years ago, and these 
primitive conveyances on their return trips were first 
used to convey health or pleasure seekers to our earliest 
seaside resorts. What a contrast between then and now 
— between an oyster wagon and a ])alace car! 



NEW JEIISEY \VArKi;lN(i I'LACES. ISO,') 

Long Braiieli comes next in order, beinjj, tiist known 
as a watering place abont 1788. 

Cape May l)egan to l)e known as a watering plact- 
aV)ont I8I0. Atlantic City was fonnded some forty years 
later, abont the time of the coni])letion of the Camden 
and Atlantic railroad. 

The foregoing watering places from Long Branch to 
Cape May, it is said, were all bronght into notice by 
Philadelphians. 

LONG BRANCH — WHO FIIiST ]5K0l'(iH'J' IT INTO NOTICE. 

The earliest mention of Lonjj Branch as a watering 
place in any historical works that the writer of this lias 
found, is in Watson's Annals of Philadelphia, published 
in 1880, as follows : 

" This place, before the Revolution, was owned by 
Colonel White, a British officer, and an inhabitant of 
New York. The small house which he occupied as a 
summer residence was existing among a clump of houses 
owned b}' Renshaw, in 1830. In consequence of the war 
the place was confiscated. The house was first used as 
a boarding house b}' Elliston Perot, of Philadelphia, in 
1788. At that time the whole premises were in charge 
of one old woman left to keep the place from injury. Of 
her Mr. Perot begged an asylum for himself and family, 
which was granted, provided he could get beds and bed- 
ding from others. Being pleased with the place he re- 
peated his visit there three successive years, taking some 
friends with him. In 1790-1, Mr. McKnight, of Mon- 
mouth, noticing the liking shown for the place, deemed 
it a good speculation to hny it. He bought the whole 
premises containing one hundred acres for j£700 and then 
scot Mr. Perot and others to loan him two thousand dol- 
lars to improve it. He theii opened it for a watering 
place and before his death it was supjKised he had made 
forty thousand dollars by the investment. The estate 
was sold to Renshaw for $1:5,000." 

According to Watson it wouUl seem that l'^llist<)n 
Perot was the founder of liong Ibanch as a watering" 



306 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

place. The Perot family lias been a proiniiieiit oiie iii 
Philadelphia anuals. During- the Revolution the Perot 
mansion at Germantown was used by Lord Howe as a 
residence, and after the war, while General Washington 
was President, he also occupied it for a time during the 
prevalence of the j-ellow fever in the city in 1793. 

THE LAST INDIAN CLAIMANTS. 

At a conference between the whites and Indians 
held at Crosswicks, N. J., in February, 1758, two Indians 
known by the whites as Tom Store and Andrew Woolley 
claimed the land "from the mouth of Squan river to the 
mouth of the Shrewsbury, by the streams of each to 
their heads and across from one head to another." This 
claim was satisfactorily settled at a subsequent confer- 
ence held at Easton, Pa., in October of the same year. 

HISTORY AND TRADITIONS OF LONG BRANCH. 

The following extracts are from the New York 
Crasette, Morris' Guide and other authorities, to which 
some comments are added : 

From the best sources we find a tradition generally 
credited among the best informed descendants of old 
settlers, that a party of Indians, whose grounds lay back 
of this portion of the coast, visited the shore in the fall 
of 1734. So well pleased were the red men with this 
inaugural visit to the seaside, that like many of their 
modern white brethren, they became IiKhlfnes of the 
place, still adhering to the original camping ground, a 
location near the Clarendon Hotel. Here they made 
their annual pilgrimage for fishing, &c., and welcoming, 
after a long march, the termination of the land, called 
the place "Land's End." 

A few A ears thereafter settlers bought crown lands 
for twenty shillings per acre, and to protect their dwell- 
ings from the winter winds upon the coast, located them 
a short distance from the shore, pursuing the double 
calling of farmers and fishermen. They opened the 
Burlington pathway to Monmouth Court House and 
attracted other settlers, thus establishing old Long 



NEW JERSEY WATEi;i\G I'LAfES. 307 

Braucli Village, oue aud a half miles from the beach 
and within a radius of this distance embracing a popula- 
tion of over three thousand. 

When the okl settlers had opened the liurlingtou 
pathway to Monmouth Court House, intersecting a road 
to Burlington, communication was then opened with 
this point of the Atlantic coast, possessing advantages as 
a salubrious seaside resort far superior to any other. No 
other portion of this coast commands a bluff of more 
than from half a mile to a mile in extent, while Lone 
Branch has a continuous range of five miles of bluff, 
which extends over a rolling country of increasing eleva- 
tions back to Monmouth Court House at Freehold, a 
distance of seventeen miles. At the early period indi- 
cated, Philadelphians availed themselves of the oppor- 
tunity thus presented to drive over the new road and 
enjoy the luxuries of a sea bath. 

ORIGIN OF NAME — THE GREAT WRESTLING MATCH. 

" Long Branch takes its name from a brook, a branch 
of the South Shrewsbury river, which runs in a direct 
line northward with the coast. It is of little use except 
for gathering ice for the hotels and cottages. 

Tradition points to an Indian fishery, established in 
1734, as the first occupation of this place, which was 
styled at that time ' Land's End.' A legend tells us that 
in those early times four men named Slocum, Parker, 
Wardell and Hulett, came from Rhode Island in cpiest 
of land. The}' found the Indians friendly but not dis- 
posed to sell. It was proposed b}^ the Yankees that a 
wrestling match should be made up between one Indian 
and one of the whites, to be decided by the best in three 
rounds. If the champion of the white men won, they 
were to have as much land as a man could walk around 
in a day ; if otherwise, they were to leave peacabl}-. 
John Slocum was selected for the struggle — a man of 
great proportions, athletic and of great strength, courage 
and inflexibility of purpose. Great preparations were 
made to witness the encounter. The chosen Indian 



30S HisTOET or MoxnoirrH axd ocea>c corxiiESs. 

wrestler practised eontiiiuallT for the exent The day 
long expected proved cloudless and auspicious. The 
spot chosen was the present Fishing Land A circle 
was formed and the Indian champion, elated, c-onfident 
and greased from head to foot, appeared Slocum ad- 
vanced coolly and the stm^le began : it was long and 
doubtful : finally Slocum threw his antagonist, but in an 
instant the Tn<lian was again on his feet. A murmur ran 
through the circle. Again the Indian made a violent ef- 
fort and both felL Another murmur was heard Silence 
prevailed as they came together again, broken only by 
the roaring of the surl A long struggle. Slocum inured 
to toih hardy and rugged, proved too much for the Indian 
and threw him, to the intense disappointment of the 
Indians and undisguised joy of the whites. The terms 
were then all arranged John Slocum had two brothers 
and they located that part of Long Branch reaching from 
the shore to Turtle Mill brook, embracing all lands 
lying north of the main road, from the sea to Eatontown, 
between these two points to the south of Shrewsbury, 
except Fresh Pond and Snag Swamp, which was located 
by one of the TTardell family. A considerable portion of 
these lands continued in the possession of the Slocunis 
until fifty or sixty years ago. All are now gone into 
other hands. The Parkers placed themselves on Rum- 
sons Neck. Hulett lived for a time at Horse Xeck. but 
afterwards left this region. Indian warrants, it is said, 
still exist in the county c-onveying these lands to the 
white owners. 

After some years a few hardy settlers from neigh- 
boring provinces purchased lands from the agents of 
the Crown at the rate of twenty shillings per acie. deeds 
for which, it is stated, are in existence over the signature 
of King George HI or his agents. 

F: ' the most noted Iniiii^'.: i:^ :i.:s section oi 
Old yi -- was the celebrated Indian WiU, of whom 

a number of traditions were published and which are 
given elsewhere. He was well known at Eatontown. Long 
Branch and vicinity, at Squan and along the coast down 



CENTEN'>n.VL YEAK OF PEACE. 



309 



as far as Barnegat. A tradition in Howes Collections 
sav- the Indians in this section sold out their lands to 
Lewi. Morris in 1670, but Indian Will refused to leave 
The probability is that this tradition has con ounded 
two transactions. Indian Will, according to the bes 
traditionary authority, lived near a century later and 
the Indian sale of land with which his name has been 
connected was probably the one originating at a confer- 
ence held at Crosswicks in February, 1758, and concluded 
at Eastern Pennsylvania in the same year. 

CENTENNIAL YEAE OF PEACE. 

FEBRUARY ^D - JULY 4TH - ^-0^-EMBER 25TH. 

Independence Day one hundred years ago was but 
little observed in our State. At Trenton a -^-^^r o 
patriotic gentlemen assembled at the house of Isaiah 
Yard Thirteen cannons, one for each State, were fired ; 
after which a cold collation was served, and then the 
company separated. The reason that tins particiilar 
day was less observed than several which had preceded 
it was that the event it commemorated had so recently 
been celebrated in connection with the proclamation of 
peace In nearly all the towns of our State, Trenton ex- 
cepted the proclamation of peace was celebrated on the 
19th of April, because that day was the anniversary of 
the first battle of the Revolution, that of Lexington. At 
Trenton the celebration was held a few days before on 
the 15th. The news had been received by a French slup, 
at Philadelphia, March 23d. Three days later, on Wed- 
nesday March 26. the Trenton Sev Jersey Gazette ^^ih- 
lished the news, which rapidly spread through the State 
by post-riders, expresses and private conveyances. Ihe 
official proclamation in New Jersey was made by Cxover- 
nor Li^Wton on the Uth of the next month and the 
next day the citizens generally assembled at the house 
of 'Mr Williams (where public meetings were frequently 
held,, and a procession was formed, in wliich were Ctov- 
ernor Livingston, the Vice-President of Council, mem- 



310 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

bers of the Legislature, judges, magistrates, students of 
the academy and citizens generally. They marched to 
the Court House, where the Governor's proclamation 
announcing the cessation of hostilities was read, and 
thirteen cannon fired, followed by the huzzas of the 
people. 

At 12 o'clock divine service was held and a suitable 
discourse delivered by Rev. Dr. Eliliu Spencer. 

At 3 P. M. the Governor and citizens met at the 
houses of Messrs. Williams and Cape (both of whom 
probably kept hotels), where entertainments were given 
and appropriate toasts proposed. In the evening almost 
every house in Trenton was illuminated. 

At Princeton, on the 19th, the programme was about 
the same. The religious discourse was by the Rev. Dr. 
Witherspoon. Celebrations were also held at New 
BrunsAvick, Woodbridge, Cranberry, Amwell in Somerset, 
and other places. 

Borclentown seemed to have had the most notable 
one. At noon the citizens of the town and vicinity 
assembled at the house of Colonel Okey Hoagland. The 
Governor's proclamation was read, thirteen cannons 
fired, huzzas, etc. At 3 P. M. a dinner and toasts at 
Colonel Hoagland's. In the evening the houses of the 
town were all illuminated, but the particular attractions 
were the illuminated transparencies at the house and 
academy of Rev. Surges Allison. The transparencies 
represented : 

1. The sun in its meridian splendor, shedding its 
rajs on the segment of the globe comprehending North 
America, with the motto, " Shine on our happy land." 

2. Portrait of General Washington encompassed with 
thirteen stars, representing the States, with the motto 
above, "Independent, united and free!" Below the 
motto, " Success to our allies ! " 

3. Peace represented with implements of husbandry, 
and a dove with an olive branch, with the motto, " They 
shall beat their swords into plowshares and their spears 
into pruning hooks." 



CENTEXNIAT. YEAH OF PEACE. 311 

4. Plenty represented by ten c'<)i'inu-()])i;is with fruits 
auJ fldwers ; the cormKi sui)})ortin;4 ii festoon, two whc-it 
sheaves and a, basket of fruit. 

5. The crown of France in tlie middle of ihetft'iir de 
lis; with the motto, " Lon^ live Louis XY." 

6. A trophy adorned with ]>ritish arms, drums and 
inverted standard; motto, "Spoils of our foes," over 
Avhioh Avas Fame tlyin<i;, witli a label from licr trumpet, 
" America shall be free ! " 

7. Britannia sittinjj; in a disconsolate position point- 
ing to her broken spear, saying by a laliel, "Alas, I've 
lost America ! " Mars standing with his sword extended 
over her and saying per label, " I've humbled her ! " 

8. America in the figure of an Indian with his bow 
and arrows, and the British crown lying at his feet. 
Mercury standing by him with a laurel crown, saying, 
per label, " The laurels thou hast won." 

The celebration at Bordentowu closed with a grand 
ball in the evening. New Brunswick had a curious bon- 
fire in the evening ; sixteen tar barrels, supported by 
separate poles of great length, all set on fire at the same 
time with a large quantity of combustibles around the 
tallest poles. 

In almost every town the celebration was commenced 
by divine services. At New Brunswick the services were 
in the Dutch Church, and conducted by a Presbyterian 
minister. Rev. Israel Reed. His text was from Ecc. 7:14, 
" In this day of i)rosperity be joyful." At Woodbridge 
Rev. Mr. Roe conducted the services. 

The toasts in the various towns, Trenton, Princeton 
and elsewhere, were very pertinent. 

HOW THE NEWS CAME — A R.\CE ACR(>SS THE OCEAN. 

Provisional articles of peace between Great Britain 
and the United States were signed at Paris, November 
20, 1782, to go into effect when a treaty between France 
and Great Britain should be agreed upon, which was 
done January 20, 178:^, l»ut not to go into effect until rati- 
fications were exe'fiangcd. This took place I'cbruaiy 3, 



312 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

1783, aud as soon as it occurred our French friends were 
intensely anxious that a French ship should be the 
bearer of the first news received in America. Lafayette 
and Count D'Estaing determined to have a war ship 
started at the earliest possible moment. It would not do 
to send a ship by way of the Channel or North Sea, as 
the treaty did not affect vessels there until twelve days 
after February 3, and their ships might be intercepted. 
But D'Estaing had an immense new fleet of sixty war 
ships just fitted out to aid in attacking England. It was 
determined to send one of this fleet, then lying at Cadiz, 
at the farthest extremity of Spain. By the time the dis- 
patches were prepared, sent to the ship, and the ship 
fitted for the voyage, over two weeks had elapsed. On 
the 19 til of February she set sail. The name of the ship 
was the " Triumph." Perhaps Lafayette and D'Estaing 
selected her because of her name to carry the triumphant 
news. Her captain was the Chevalier du Quesne. The 
anxiety was great that she shonld get the news to Phila- 
delphia before a British ship could carry the news to the 
enemy in New York. In this our French friends were 
gratified. The English slii}) did not ^-each New York 
until April 4, while the " Triumph," after a passage of 
thirty-two days, reached the capes of the Delaware, when 
the captain went ashore and started an express with the 
dispatches, which- reached Philadelphia at 9 o'clock on the 
morning of March 23, beating the British nearly two 
weeks. On Wednesday, March 26, the Xtw Jersey 
Gazette, at Trenton, published the news under the head 
of "Peace, Liberty and Independence." 

It is doubtful if the Trenton State Gazette of 1865, in 
publishing the news of Lee's surrender, spread so much 
joy as did its predecessor by the news in its issue of 
March 26, 1783. 

B. Smith was postmaster at Trenton then, and the 
dispatches came, probably, to liis care ])y James Martin, 
who was post-rider between Pliilailelphia ami Trenton. 
There were no })ost-oflices then in Burlington or Mon- 
mouth. John Van Kirk, of Cranberrv, an ox-Sheriff of 



HIGH PRICE FOll A MONMOUTH r.OOK. 313 

Middlesex, was a post-rider on his own aceonnt fi-om 
Trenton to Allentown, Freehold, Middletown, etc. and 
similar post-riders carried the old New Jersey Gazette to 
East Jersey, Newark, Morris and elsewhere, and great 
joy did tho;e post-riders bring to every town and home 

with the news. . ^ Tov^ov 

In most of the celebrations of peace m New Jeisey 
the three prominent toasts were : " February 3d, cl a e 
of Peace; "April 19th," Battle ot Lexington; Ju} 
4th," Independence Day. And these thi^^ ^^^emorable 
davs were ^commemorated in one. The thirteenth toa t 
at Princeton expressed the idea of all : '' May the recol- 
lection of the 19th of April, 1775, the 4th oi Jnly, 1< 6 
and the 2d of February, 1783, prove a terror to tyrants 
and oppressors throughout the world." 

Of course the finale of the war had not yet come. 
Evacuation Day, Novembar 25, 1783, when the Britis^^^ 
evacuated New York, was perhaps the last act m e 
eic^ht years' war. What a fearful contrast between the 
distve^s and despair of the Refugees in New lork, whom 
peace had ruined, and the joy of the Patriots ! 

HIGH PRICE FOR A MONMOUTH BOOK. 

Philip Freneau, the popular poet of the Revolution, 
issued from his press at Mount Pleasant Monmouth 
county, in 1795, a volume of his poems entitled : 

POEMS, 

Written between the years I7fi8 and 1794, 

By Philip Freneau, of New Jersey. 

A new edUion, revised and corrected by the Author, 

Including a considerable number of pieces never before pubhshed 

Amlax iiule cohors steliis eplurthus nnum 

Ardua jjyramidos tolHt ad asira caput. 

MONMOUTH, 



N. J. 



Pnutocl at the Press of the Author, at MOUNT PLEAS.VXT. near MIDDLE- 
TOWN roiNT : M.DCC.XCV : and of American Independence XIX _ 

Over the Latin motto is a pyramid of fifteen stais- 
the pyramid of fifteen American States. There are other 
editions of his poems, but this one is so mre that it is 
highly prized by antiquarians. Our attention has been 



314 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

called to tins book by the fact that iu a recent Loudou 
bookseller's catalogue a copy is advertised for sale ; 
price, X3.10s. (about seventeen dollars.) A leading Ameri- 
can dealer in, and importer of rare and curious works, 
generall}' charges a customer here forty cents for every 
shilling a book costs in London, to cover risks and profit- 
This would make this book cost an American purchaser 
twenty-eight dollars ! But this is not the highest price 
this work has been held at. A friend found a copy iu an 
antiquarian bookstore in Washington a few years ago, 
for which the dealer asked some forty odd dollars, but 
finally got down to thirty-five dollars ! 

Philip Freneau married Miss Eleanor Forman, 
daughter of Samuel Forman, a wealthy citizen of the 
county. Colonel Jonathan and Denise Forman, men- 
tioned in the historical sketches of the county in connec- 
tion with Revolutionary matters, were Jier brothers, and 
General David Forman was a cousin. Both Mr. and 
Mrs. Freneau are buried at Mount Pleasant. He died 
December 18, 183t2. 

The following account of his death was published in 
the Monmovtli Inquirer at the time : 

" Mr Freneau was in the village, and started towards evening to go 
home, about two miles. In attempting to go across he api)ears to have got 
lost and mired in a bog meadow, where his lifeless corps was discovered 
yesterday. Captain Freneau was a stanch Whig in the time of the llevolu- 
tion, a good soldier and a warm i)atriot. The productions of his jien ani- 
mated his countrymen in the darkest days of 76, and the effusions of his 
muse cheered the desponding soldier as he fought the battles of freedom. 

"Of this poet, from whom Thomas Campbell and Walter Scott did 
not hesitate to plagiarize ; whom the greatest English critic comi)ared to 
Gray and who wrote pieces that Scott learned by heart, one of which he 
pronounced 'as fine as anything written iu the English language,' is a 
man of whom Monmouth has a reason to be proud. He was the intimate 
friend of heading American statesmen for nearly two generations.'" 

AN AMUSING STRATAGEM. 



The noted C-onimodore Percival, who died a few 
years ago, familiarly named " Mad Jack Percival,*' in the 
early part of his naval career was the hero of an adven- 
ture on our coast, which is thus described by a paper 
published iu New York at the time : 

" On Sunday morning, July 4, 1813, the fishing smack 



AN AMUSING STRATAGEM. 315 

* Yankee' was borrowed !)}• Commodore Lewis, who had 
command of the American Hotilhi stationed at Sandy 
Hook, for tlie purpose of takin^ by stratagem the sloop 

* Eagle,' tender to the Poictiers 7-1, cruising off and on 
Sandy Hook, Avhich succeeded to a charm. A calf, a 
sheep and a goose were })urchased and secured on deck. 
Thirty men, well armed, were secreted in the cabin and 
forepeak. Tlius prepared, the ' Yankee ' stood out of 
Mosquito Cove, as if going on a fishing trip to the Banks ; 
three men only being on deck dressed in fishermen's 
apparel, with buff caps on. The ' Eagle,' on perceiving 
the smack, immediately gave chase, and after coming up 
with her and finding she had live stock on board, ordered 
her to go down to the Commodore, then five miles dis- 
tant. The helmsman of the smack answered, 'Ay! ay, 
sir ! ' and apparently put up the helm for that purpose, 
wdiich brought him alongside the ' Eagle,' not three yards 
distant. The watchword ' Lawrence ' was then given, 
when the armed men rushed on deck from their hiding- 
places and poured into her a volley of musketry which 
struck the crew with dismay, and drove them so precipi- 
tatel}' into the hold that they had not time to strike the 
flag. Seeing the enemy's deck clear, Sailingmaster Per- 
cival, who commanded the expedition, ordered the men 
to cease from firing, upon which one of the men came out 
the hold and struck the ' Eagle's ' colors. They had on 
board a thirty-two pound brass howitzer loaded with 
canister shot, but so sudden was the surprise they had 
not time to discharge it. The crew of the ' Eagle ' con- 
sisted of H. Morris, master's mate of the Poictiers, W. 
Price, midshipman, and eleven seamen and marines. Mr. 
Morris was killed, Mr. Price mortally wounded, and one 
marine killed and one wounded. The ' Eagle,' with the 
prisoners, arrived off the Battery in the afternoon and 
landed the prisoners at Whitehall, amid the shouts and 
plaudits of tliousands of spectators assembled at the 
Battery to celebrate the anniversary of independence. 
Mr. Morris was buried at Sandy Hook with military 
honors. Mr. Price was carried to New York, wliere on 



316 HISTOriY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Tliursday he died, and was buried with military cere- 
monies in St. Paul's churchyard." 

A traditionary version of this affair, as related by 
the late Judge Job F. Randolph, of Barnegat, says that 
Percival wished to make his boat appear as a market 
boat ; that he placed one of his men on a seat close to 
the bulwark disguised as an old Quakerish looking 
farmer, with broad-brimmed hat and long staff in hand, 
while he looked like an ignorant boor at the wheel, and 
by his answers made the British think he was half-witted. 
When ordered to drop alongside, under threat of being 
fired into, he made a silly reply to the effect, " You had 
better not try it, for dad's big molasses jug is on deck, 
and if you broke that, he would make you sorry for it." 

THE SKIRMISH AT MANAHAWKEN. 



At one time it was rumored that the Refugee, Cap- 
tain John Bacon, with a party of his marauders, was on 
his way to Manahawken, on a plundering exj)edition, and 
such of the militia as could be notified, were hastily 
summoned together at Captain Randolph's house to pre- 
pare to meet them. The handful of militia remained on 
the alert the greater part of the night, but towards 
morning, finding the enemy failed to appear, they con- 
cluded it was a false alarm, and retired to sleep, after 
stationing sentinels. Traclition says that the sentinels 
were stationed on the main road, two above the liotel, 
and two below, and that on one post were Jeremiah Ben- 
nett and Job Randolph, and on the other, Seth Crane and 
Samuel Bennett, and that Ca})tain Randolph su])erin- 
tended the lookout. 

Tlie R^fug,r3s c.iina di)wii tlia ro:id from the north, 
and tlie first intimation the sentinels stationed near the 
(^Id Bajjtist churc'li had of their approach, was hearing 
their l)ayonets strike together as tliay were marching. 
The sentinels halfce 1 long enough to soe that the party 
was {piite large, double the number of the militia, and 
hring, ran across the fields to give the alarm. By the 



THE SKIRMISH AT MANAHAWKEN. 317 

time the few militia were aroused, the Eefugees were 
abreast of the liouse, ami before the Americans could 
form, they were tired upon, and Lines Panoburn killed, 
and Sylvester Tilton severely wounded. The militia 
were compelled to retreat down the lane before they 
could organize, when, linding the Eefugees had the 
larger force, and were well armed, they ^vere reluctantly 
compelled to decline pursuing them. The Eefugees 
passed down the road towards "West Creek. 

Tilton, who was so severely wounded, recovered 
almost miraculously, as the ball passed -clear through 
him, going in by one shoulder and out at his breast ; the 
physician, as is well authenticated, passed a silk hand- 
kerchief completely through the wound. After the war 
was over, Tilton removed to Colt's Neck, wdiere it is 
believed some of his descendants now live. Lines Pang- 
burn, who was killed, was probably the same person who 
aided in organizing the Baptist church at Manahawken, 
was the first delegate to the General Association, and 
also the man referred to so very kindly by Eev. John 
Murray, as "Esquire" Pangburn. 

S^-lvester Tilton always believed that a Eefugee 
named Bre^ver, was the man who wounded him, and he 
vowed to have revenge if he should ever meet him. 

Several years after the war closed, he heard that 
Brewer was at a certain place, and he started after him 
unarmed, though he knew Brewer was always well pro- 
vided with weapons. He found Brewer and closed in on 
him before the Eefugee could avail himself of weapons, 
and gave him a most unmerciful beating ; it would prob- 
ably have fared worse with Brewer but for the interfer- 
ence of a much esteemed Quaker named James Willets. 
After Tilton had tiaish;^d, hs told Brewar, "You scoun- 
drel, you tried to kill mo once, and I have now settled 
with you for it, and you've got to leave here and follow 
the rest of your gang." The rest of the Eefugees had 
lied to Nova Scotia. 

After the war the widow of Lines Pangburn applied 
to the court at Freehold for relief and the following is 



318 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

a copy of the record in the Clerk's office : 

" To the Honorable Conrt of Quarter Sessions to be 
holden in and for the county of Monmouth. Whereas 
L. Pangburn, a militiaman, an inhabitant of Stafford, 
under command of Captain Joseph Randolph, who was 
shot dead as he stood on guard, by a party of Refugees, 
on the thirty-first da}" of December, 1780, in the pres- 
ence of Sylvester Tilton (who was shot through with a 
bullet at the same time) and Reuben Randolph, both 
being sworn and affirmed before me, Amos Pharo, say 
the above facts are true. 

Sylvester Tilton, 
Reuben Randolph. 

Amos Pharo. 

Now the widow of him, the deceased, b}- the name 
of Ann Pangburn, prays that your Honors may give her 
some aid for her support as she is blind and in low cir- 
cumstances. 

The Court allowed her half pay." 





li.VTTUK MCJNUMLlX'r, KlililillOLU. 



320 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

THE BATTLE MONUMENT. 



EFFORTS TO ERECT IT. 

In 1846 and in 1854 special efforts were made to ac- 
complisli the erection of a monument to commemorate 
the Battle of Monmouth. The first step taken was the 
publication of an advertisement in the Monmouth In- 
quirer of June 18, 1846, and was as follows : 

MONUMENT 

ON 

MONMOUTH BAT^TLE-GROUND. 

''I^HE citizens of Monmouth county, who are in favor of taking measures 
-L to erect a monument to commemorate the Battle of Monmouth, are re- 
quested to meet in the Court House, in the village of Freehold, on SAT- 
URDAY, the 27th inst , at 3 o'clock, P. M. 

John Hull, 
William H. Bennett, 
Enoch Cowabd, 
D. V. McLean, 

A. C. McLean, 

J. B. Throckmorton, 
H. D. Polhemus, 

B. F. Randolph. 
Freehold, June 18, 1840. 

Next, a copy of the Democrat of July 2, 1846, con- 
tained a report of the proceedings of the meeting as 
follows : 

MONUMENTAL MEETING. 

A call for a meeting of the inhabitants of the county 
of Monmouth, to take measures to erect a monument in 
commemoration of the Battle of Monmouth, having been 
published in the Freehold papers, a number of persons 
met at the time appointed. 

Enoch Coward, Sen., was called to the chair, and A. 
C McLean appointed Secretary. 

The object of the meeting was stated b}^ Rev. D. V. 
McLean, and remarks made by J. B. Throckmorton, B. 
Connolly, Rev. A. Marcellus and others. 

The following resolutions were offered l^y D. B. Mc- 
Lean, and adopted : 

1. Besolvcd, That it is the duty of a grateful posterity to commemorate 
not only in their hearts, but by suitable monuments, the noble deeds of 
their fathers, and the important events in their history. 

2. Resolved, That among the important events of our Revolutionary 
struggle, the Battle of Monmouth should never be forgotten. 



THE BATTLE MONTMENT. 821 

3. Besolved, Tliat we believe the time has fully come when the citizens 
of Monmouth county should unite and erect a suitable monument to com- 
memorate that important event. 

■4. Eesolced, That the proceedings of this meetin<i; be published in the 
Freehold papers. 

The meeting then adjourned to meet in the Court 
House on the 4th day of August, at 2 o'clock, P. M. 

From the Moumouth Inquirer, Axigust 6, 184C. 

MONUMENT MEETING. 

The adjourned meeting, called to take into further 
consideration the propriety and importance of erecting a 
monument to designate the ground and to commemorate 
the Battle of Monmouth, convened in the c<nirt room, 
during the recess of court, on Tuesday. A considerable 
number were present, among whom Ave noticed some of 
our most estimable and influential citizens. The meeting 
was temporarily organized by the appointment of Thomas 
G. Haight, President, and Amzi C. McLean, Esq,, Secre- 
tary. It was, therefore, determined to organize a per- 
manent association to be called " TJie Monmouth Monu- 
ment Association,''' for the accomplishment of this 
jDurpose. A constitution was then ofl'ered by Eev. D. Y. 
McLean, which was taken up, section by section, and, 
with a few immaterial alterations, adopted. The officers 
of the association are a President, one Vice-President 
from each township, a Treasurer and Secretary, and a 
committee for the circulation of subscriptions and the 
collection of funds, consisting of three from each town- 
ship. The contribution of ffty cents will constitute an 
individual a member of this association. When the 
monument is erected, the organization and the proceed- 
ings of the association, with the subscription books 
containing the names of those who shall contribute 
towards the erection, will be placed securely in the base 
of the Monument, there to remain until some convulsion 
of nature or the destroying hand of man shall prostrate 
it with the earth. Thus by contributing fifty cents the 
name of each individual will bo transmitted to posterity 
down to the latest ages. The followino- are the names 



322 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

of the permauent officers aud committees of the associ- 
ation : 

President — Thomas G. Haight. 

V lee-Presidents — James S. Lawrence, Esq., of Up- 
per Freehold ; Thomas M. Perriue, of Millstone ; James 
W. Andrews, of Freehold; William Little, of Middle- 
town ; Lyttleton White, of Shrewsbury ; Halsted Wain- 
right, of Howell ; Samuel C. Dunham, of Dover ; Edward 
Allen, of Jackson ; John Meirs, of Plumsted ; Samuel 
Birdsall, of Union ; David W. Moore, of Stafford. 

Treasurer — Thomas H. Arrowsmith. 

Secretary — A. C. McLean. 

Managers. 

Ujjper Freehold. — -Thomas Miller, John Cox and 
Augustus Ivins. 

31lUstone. — William P. Forman, Eev. Charles F. 
Worrell aud Joseph J. Ely. 

Freehold. — Robert E. Craig, Enoch L. Coward and 
Samuel Conover. 

Middletown. — Dr. Edward Taylor, Asbury Fountain 
and Daniel Holmes. 

SJireivsh'ury. — Thomas E. Combs, Dr. John R. Cono- 
ver and James Green. 

Ho'well. — Dr. Robert Laird, John S. Forman aud 
Andrew Simpson. 

Jackson. — William Allen, William Francis and 

Homer. 

Dover. — Dr. Lewis Lane, Anthony Ivins, Jr. and 
David Jeffrey. 

Union. — John Tilton, William Birdsall and Joseph 
Holmes. 

Stafford. — Samuel M. Oliphant, John Willits and Dr. 
A. G. Hankinson. 

THE movement OF 1854. 
The movement of 1854, referred to, took no definite 
shape. It originated with Major S. S. Forman, of Syra- 
cuse, New York, a native of Monmouth, aud who went 
over the battle-field the day after the b.ittle, being at 
that time only thirteen years of age. Happening to fall 
in with a stray copy of the Democrat it revived old recol- 
lections, and he wrote the editor a letter, wliicli was 
published, in which he referred to the movement of 1846, 
and urged that a monument ought to be erected on some 



HISTORY OF llir, r.ATTf.K MONUMENT OIUJANIZATION. 828 

spot in ov ailjaeeiit to the village, where it would be oH 
easy access to visitors. 

The letter excited some interest, aud was the sul)ject 
of a good deal of discussion throughout the county, and 
one gentleman, Mr. William T. Sutphin, who then owned 
the parsonage farm, went so far as to offer to give four 
acres of ground on the highest part of the farm, and 
one thousand dollars in money towards the erection of 
the monument, but as no steps were taken towards 
organizing the movement, the whole matter gradually 
faded out. 

HISTORY OF THE BATTLE MONUMENT OR- 
GANIZATION. 



The final movement toward the erection of the 
monument was made in response to an address delivered 
by ex-Governor Joel Parker, at Freehold, on the ninet}*- 
ninth anniversary of the battle, June 28, 1877. A preli- 
minary meeting for the purpose was held September 17, 
and the Monmouth Battle Monument Association was 
organized October 2, 1877. At. this meeting Governor 
Parker was elected president. Major James S. Yard, 
secretary, and a general committee of three gentlemen 
from each township in Monmouth county selected to 
procure the funds necessary for the erection of the monu- 
ment. The people of the State, aud especially of 
Monmouth county, during the years 1878, 1879 and 1880, 
contributed nearly $10,000 to this object. On February 
2, 1878, the association accepted the offer of a plot of 
land, to be called "Monument Park," in Freehold, as a 
gift from the heirs of Daniel S. Schanck. On May 7, 
1878, the association was incorporated under tlie provis- 
ions of an " Act to incorporate associations for the erec- 
tion and maintenance of monuments and statues," 
approved March 19, 1878. The same president and 
secretary were re-elected, and Mr. John B. Conover made 
treasurer. Major James S. Yard, Theodore W. Morris, 
James T. Burtis, John H. Laird and Hal Allaire, tlie 



324 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

executive and fiuance committee. The corner-stone of 
the monument was laid with Masonic ceremonies, June 
28, 1878, in the presence of Governor George B. Mc- 
Clellan and a large number of distinguished guests. The 
deed to the park was presented by Mr. Theodore W. 
Morris, representing the estate of D. S. Schanck. 
Addresses were delivered b}' ex-Governors Newell and 
Parker, by the Hon. S. S. Cox, Mr. B. W. Throckmorton 
and General Henry B. Carrington. The State of New 
Jersey, by an act of March 14, 18S1, appropriated 
.$10,000, and placed the work under the charge of a 
commission instructed to select a design, contract foi, 
erect and finish a monument in the park at Freehold, 
where the battle commenced, June 28, 1778. Under this 
act the Monument Association selected five trustees- -Mr. 
Theodore W. Morris, Major James S. Yard, Mr. James T. 
Burtis, Mr. Hal Allaire and Mr. John B. Conover — to 
represent them in the newly-created State commission. 
The State officials to represent the State on this commis- 
sion were the President of the Senate and the Speaker 
of the House of Assembly ; Hon. Edward J. Anderson, 
Comptroller of the Treasury ; General Lewds Perrine, 
Quartermaster-General, and General William S. Stryker, 
Adjutant-General. On April 9, 1881, the commission was 
organized by electing Hon. Garret A. Hobart, President 
of the Senate, to be president of the commission ; Hon. 
Harrison VanDuyne, Speaker of the House of Assembly, 
and Mr. Theodore W. Morris, vice presidents ; Colonel 
Edwin F. Applegate, secretary, and Mr. John B. CV^nover, 
Treasurer. Governor Parker, President of the associa- 
tion, was invited to be present at each meeting of the 
commission, and assist them by his advice and counsel. 
The commission, at this meeting, also ordered a deed to 
be executed to the State of New Jersey for Monument 
Park. The Congress of the United States passed a law, 
approved July 6, 1882, granting an appropriation of 
$20,000 for the purpose of completing a monument. A 
committee on design, consisting of Mr. Theodt)ro W. 
Morris, Hon. Edward J. Anderson, General Louis Per- 



HISTORY OF THE BATTLE MONUMENT ORGANIZATION. 325 

riiie, Geueral William S. Stryker aiul Mv. Hal Allaire, 
on October 16, 1882, invited the submission of designs 
and speciiications for the battle monument, and on 
March 2, 1883, the design executed by Emelin T. Littell 
and Douglass Smythe, architects, and J. E. Kelly, sculp- 
tor, and exhibited by Maurice J. Power, of New York 
City, was accepted, and a contract was awarded Mr. 
Power, of the "National Fine Art Foundry," for its 
erection, for the sum of $36,000. On May 9, 1883, the 
services of Mr. Edward E. Piaht, architect, were secured to 
superintend the construction of the monument. Hon. 
Garret A. Hobart, President of the Senate, was elected 
president of the commission, and Hon. John T. Dunn, 
Speaker of the House of Assembly, and Mr. Theodore 
W. Morris, vice presidents, for the year 1882. The 
officers of the commission for 1883 were Mr. Theodore W. 
Morris, president, and Hon. John J. Gardner, President 
of the Senate, and Hon. Thomas O'Connor, Speaker of 
the House of Assembl}', vice-presidents. In 1881, Mr. 
Morris was re-elected president of the commission, with 
Hon. Benjamin A. Yail, President of the Senate, and 
Hon. Alfred B. Stoney, Speaker of the House of Assem- 
bly, vice-presidents. The other officers of the commis- 
sion continue at tliis date tlie same as first elected in 
1881. 

TRUSTEES OF MONMOUTH BATTLE MONUMENT ASSOCIATION, 

1884. 

Pi'esideut, Joel Parker. 

Vice-Presidents, Chilion Robbins, Di;. Robkrt Laikd. John S. 
Appleoaie. 

Secretary, James S. Yard. 

Ti-esisurer, Johk H. Conover. 

Trustees, Theodore W. Morris, Edwin F. Applei^ate, James T. Bnrtis, 
John H. Laird, Levi (1. Irwin, Hal Allaire, Jacob Stnlts, Thomas Field, 
Daniel P. VanDoren, William H. Hendrickson, Dr. S. H. Hunt, Thomas 
Rurrowes, James A. Bradley, William L. Terhnne. 

MONUMENT COMMISSION, 1884. 

President. Theodore W. Morris. 

Vice-President, Hon. B. A. Vaii., Hon. .\. B. Stonev. < 

Secretary, Edwin F. Appleoate. 
Treasurer, John B. Conover. 

Trustees, Oen. Lewis Penine. Gen. William S. Stryker, Hi>u. E. J. 
Anderson, Maj. James S. Yard, Hal .Allaire. James T. Burtis. 



326 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

MONUMENT PARK. 

The park comprises three aud a quarter acres, 

eligibly located od a commanding knoll, a short distance 

from the main street of the town, and the title for the 

same is vested in the State. 

DONOES OF THE PAEK. 

Mks. Maky a. Scham'k, Me. Andrew H. Schanck, 

Mks. Theo. W. Morris, Mr. Daniel S. Schanck, 

Mrs. Alice C. JSchanck, Mr. George E. Schanck. 

Heirs of Daniel S. Schanck, deceased. 

INVITED GUESTS. 

The number of tickets issued to invited guests was 
six hundred and twenty-four ((^24:), which were dis- 
tributed as follows : 

The President of the United States and his Cabinet. 

The Governor of the State of New Jersey. 

The surviving ex-Governors of New Jersej'. 

The Governors of the several States of the ITniou. 

The Judiciary and State Otiicens of New Jersey 

The United States Senators from New Jersey. 

The Congressional Eei^resentatives from New Jersey. 

Minister from Great Britain. 

Minister from France. 

Minister from Germnny. 

The Senate of the State of New Jersey. 
• The General Assend)ly of the State of New Jersey. 

The Governor's Statf . 

General Officers of the General Society of the Cincinnati. 

The New Jersey Society of the Cincinnati. 

Officers of the Grand Lodge of Free Masons. 

The New Jersey Historical Society. 

The Monmouth Battle Monument Association. 

The Monmouth Battle Monument Commission. 

Ex-Officers of the Monmouth Battle Monument Commission. 

The Trenton Monument Association. 

Descendants of Colonel Eamsey. 

The Board of Chosen Freeholders and other Officers of the County of 
Monmouth. 

The Board of Commissioners of the Town of Freehold. 

The Donors of Monument Park. 

The Contractors and Architects of the Monument 

The Police Commissioners of the Cities of New York aud Philadelphia. 

The Orators at the LaAing of the Corner-stone of the Monument in 
1878. 

The Clergy of the Town of Freehold. 

NOTICE TO THE CIVIC SOCIETIES OF THE STATE OF NEW- 
JERSEY. 

The unveiling of the Monmouth Battle Monument 
took place at Freehold, N. J., Thursday, November 13, 

1884 



HISTORY OF THE BATTT>E MONUMENT ORGANIZATION. 827 

Three huudred and fift}- (350) seats were occupied at 
the banquet provided In- the eonimittpe for the invited 
o-nests. 

THE PROCESSION. 

The procession formed on Broad street and marched 
through the principal streets. It was reviewed by Gov- 
ernor Abbett, who, with his staff and a number of 
dignitaries and distiugutished visitors, occupied the re- 
TieAving stand erected by the county in front of the 
court house. After the review. Governor Abbett and 
staff, and all the officials on the stand, joined the 
procession as it marched up Court street to Monument 
Park. The complete procession was composed as 
follows : 

Grand Marshal, Major James S. Yard, and Marshal's 

aids. 

Provisional Brigade, N. G. N. J., Bt. Major-General 
William J. Sewell, commanding, and Brigade Staff. 

Fourth Eegiment, N. G. N. J., Colonel Dudley S. 
Steele, commanding. Field and Staff'. 

First Regiment, N. G. N. J., Colonel Edward A. 
Campbell, commanding. Field and Staff. 

Seventh Regiment, N. G. N. J., Colonel Richard A. 
Donnelly, commanding. Field and Staff". 

Gatling Gun Company B, Captain Robert R. Eckeu- 
dorf commanding. Two guns drawn by horses. 

Third Regiment, N. G. N. J., Colonel Elihu H. Ropes, 
commanding, Field and Staff. 

THE COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS, 

The Monument Association, The Monument Com- 
mission, The Senators and Representatives and Rei)re- 
sentatives-elect of the Congress of the I'nited States, 
The Society of the Cincinnati, The Grand Lodge of Free 
Masons. 

Hon. Leon Abbett, Governor of New Jersey, and 
Governor's staff. 

Major-General Gershom Mott, Commandant" of the 
National Guard of New Jersey, an 1 Staff, and Division 
Staff 



328 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Bt. Major-Geueral Joseph W. Plume, Commandant 
Second Brigade, N. G. N. J., and Brigade Staff. 

Ex-Governors of New Jersey and Governors of other 
States, The Judiciary of New Jersey, The State Officers, 
Members and Member-elect of the New Jersey Legisla- 
ture, The Reverend Clergy, Other Distinguished Guests, 
The Board of Chosen Freeholders, The Sheriff and 
County Officials, The Board of Commissioners of the 
Town of Freehold, The Township Officials of other 
Townships, Knickerbocker Lodge, I. O. of O. F., Mata- 
wan, Washington Engine Company, Matawan, Other 
Civic Societies, Citizens and Strangers. 

THE CEREMONIES. 

As soon as the procession reached Monument Park, 
the ceremonies of unveiling were proceeded with, and an 
invocation of the Divine blessing was offered b^- Right 
Reverend Bishop Scarborough. 

Bishop Scarborough first read a portion of the 
fourth chapter of Joshua, showing Grod's sanction of the 
setting up of memorial stones. 

At the close of the prayer. President Morris foi-mally 
presented the monument to the State of New Jersey. 

At the conclusion of this address the cord was drawn 
by the President, releasing the drapery of the bronze 
bas-reliefs, the military presented arms and a cannon on 
an adjoining hill tired a (Joutiuental salute of tliirteen 
guns. 

ACCEPTANCE OF THE MONUMENT. 

Governor Abbett, on behalf of the State of New 
Jersey, accepted the monument in an appropriate speech. 

TTpou the conclusion of his speech, Governor Ab- 
bett introduced Judge Joel Parker, ex-Governor of the 
State of New Jersey, as the orator of the day, who made 
an eloquent and patriotic address. 

When the oration of Judge Parker was tinished, liev. 
Mr. Maddock })ronounced the benediction. 

At the clcjse of the ceremonies at the monument, a 
national salute of thirty-eight guns was Hred. 

Twenty-five to thirty thousand people were present. 



OCEAN COUNTY SOLDIERS IN THE LATE WAIi. :)2il 

OCEAN COUNTY SOLDIERS IN THE LATE WAR 
OF THE REBELLION. 



COMPANY D, NINTH NE\V JERSEY V0LUNTEEI5S. 



Thomas W. Middleton, Captain, com missioned Oct. 

22, 1861 ; woiuided at battle of . Resigned Sept. 

11, 1862. 

Edgar Kissam, Captain, commissioned Dec, 1862 ; 
discharged on account of disability Feb. 17, 1865. 

Amos H. Evans, Captain, commissioned April 22, 
1865 ; mustered out July 12, 1865. 

George G. Irons, 1st Lieutenant, commissioned Oct. 

22, 1861 ; Resigned Aug 27, 1862. 

Charles Hufty, 1st Lieutenant, commissioned Dec. 

23, 1862 ; promoted Captain, Co. I, July 3, 1864. 

Joseph C. Bowker, 1st Lieutenant, commissioned 
July -3, 1864; mustered out July 12, 1865. 

Andrew J. Elberson, 2d Lieutenant, commissioned 
Dec. 23, 1862 ; resigned May 30, 1863. 

J. Madison Drake, 2 1 Lieutenant, commissioned 
June 3, 1863 ; promoted 1st Lieutenant, Co. K, April 13, 
1864. 

Edward H. Green, 2d Lieutenant, commissionsd 
Jan. 14, 1865: jn-omot^d Isfc Li^ut^.n int, Co. C, June 
22, 1865. 

1st SERGEANT. MUSTERED OUT. 

Jesse R. Hulsart, Sept. 23, 1861 : July 12, 1865. 

SERGEANTS. MUSTERED OUT. 

Redin N. Penn, Sept. 23, iSfil, July 12, 1865. 
Job L. Cramer, Sept. 23, 1861 ; July 12, 1865. 
Thomas Hazleton, Sept. 23, 1861 ; Jujy 12, 1865. 
•Nicholas S. Champion, Sept. 23, 1861 ; July 12, 1865. 

('OlU'0R.\LS. MUSTERED OUT. 

Gill)ert H. Heyers, Sept. 23, lS(il ; July 27, 1865. 
William H. Shaip, Xovemlx-r 1, ISO] ; July ID, 
1865. 



330 HISTORY or MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

CORPORALS. MUSTERED OUT. 

David Eiley, Sept. 28, 18G1 ; Juue 23, 1865. (Paroled 
prisouer. ) 

David C. Hankins, Sept. 23, 18G1 ; July 12, 1865. 
Benjamin A. Eogers, Sept. 23, 1861 ; July 12, 1865. 
John Erricksou, Sept. 23, 1861 ; July 12,^1865. 
Jolm Oakerson, February 29, 1864 r July 12, 1865. 
John Sieo-el, August 15, 1862 ; June 14, 1865. 
Charles Sepp, August 18, 1862 ; June 14, 1865. 

MUSICIANS. MUSTERED OUT. 

Napoleon B. Fithian, Sept, 23, 1861 ; July 12, 1865. 
William B. Conklin, Sept. 23, 1861 ; July 12, 1865. 

WAGONER. MUSTERED OUT. 

William H. Peck, Sept. 23, 1861 ; July 25, 1865. 

PRIVATES. 
ENROLLED. MUSTERED OUT. 

Charles Archer, Sept. 23, 1861 ; July 12, 1865. 
AVilliam Armstrong, Sept. 9, '64 ; June 14, '65. 
George Beatty, February 29, '64 ; July 12, '6o. 
Knox Bechler, August 15, '62 ; June 14, '65. 
William H. Beebe, April 10, '65 ; July 12, '65. 
Nicholas Bohr, March 24, '65 ; July 12, '6rx 
Paul BoAvers, February 24, '65 ; July 12, '65. 
Samuel Brinley, Frebruary 29, '64; July 19, '65. 
William Brown, September 23, '61 ; December 8, '64. 
William H. Bunnell, October 1, '64 ; June 14, '65. 
Henry A*. Camburn, Sept. 23, '61 ; December 7, '64. 
John Cameron, March 8, '65 ; July 12, '65. 
Charles P. Chafey, September 23, '61; July 12, '65. 
James Clark, September 23, '61 ; August 23, '65 ; dis- 
charged from Ward Hospital, Newark. 

Peter Clark, March 8, '64; July 12, '65. 
Henry Clay hill, March 10, '65- July 12, '65. 
John A. Clayton, January 2, '64 ; July 12, '65. 
John M. Clayton, September 23, '61 ; July 19, '65. 
Isaac Collins, March 6, '65; July 12, '65. 
Eugene A. Crane, September 23, '61 ; July 12, '(55. 
Kobert Crossley, May 24, '64; February 10, '65 



OCEAN COUNTY SOT.DIF.IIS IN TIIK LATE WAlt. ool 

ENROLLED. .MUSTEliEl) < )rT. 

Samuel Day, March ±), "0") ; July 1'2, "<'>•")• 
Charles Dennis, March 6, '65; July 12, '(55. 
William Dennis, Sept. 28, '01 ; July 19, '05. 
Timothy Driscoll, April 3, '05 ; July 12, '05. 
Fuller B. Errickson, March 8, '05 ; July 12, "05. 
Horace G. Erricksou, Sept. 23, '01; Oct. 15, '04. 
Francis Fagan, April 0, '05; July 12. '05. 
. Emile Franck, April 13, '65 ; July 12, '05. 
Charles Fuchs, August 20, '02; Jiily 13, '05. 
Hance H. Gaut, January 4, '04; July 12, '05. 
Stephen R. Gant, January 4, '04 ; July 12, '05. 
Charles H. Garton, March 7, '05 : July 12, '05. 
Simon Geimer, May 5, '03 ; July 12, '05. 
Samuel Goodfellow, June 12, '(52 ; June 14, '05. 
William H. Gregory, November 1, '01 ; Nov. 4, '04. 
Cornelius Grover, March 8, '05 ; July 12, '05. 
Samuel W. Hankins, March 8, '05 ; July 12, '05. 
William Heicler, April 11, '05; July 12, '05. 
James Hulse, September 23, '61 ; July 12, '05. 
Samuel Hulse, February 23, '04; July 12, '05. 
Garret V. Hyers, September 23, '01 ; July 19, '05. 
Isaac M. Inmau, September 23, '01 ; Dec. 8, '64. 
Oliver P. Inmau, February 2:), '04; July 12, '05. 
Wallace Irons, January 2, '04 ; June 5, '6i). 
Noah E. Jeffrey, Sept. 23, '01 ; December 8, '64. 
Abram J. Johnson, January 2, '04; May 27, '05. 
Charles A. Johnson, Sept. 23, '(51; August 31, '05; 
discharged from Ward Hospital, Newark. 

Thomas C. Joslin, Fel)ruary 29, '04; July 12, '()5. 
John Keller, September 10, '01 ; July 12, '05. 
August Kirchner, March 27, '05 ; July 12, '05. 
Benjamin F. Ladow, A]n-il 11, '05; July 12, '05. 
Charles M. Levey, Sept. 23, '01 ; Dec. 8, '()4. 
Joseph Loveless, September 23, '01 ; Sept. 22, '04. 
Frank E. Mailey, March 0, '05 ; July 12, '05. 
James F. Matthews, Feb. 29, '04 ; June 7, '05. 
William W. Martin, February 29, '64 ; July 12, '65. 
William Mcllvaiue, February 24, '65; July 12, '05. 



332 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ENROLLED. MUSTERED OUT. 

David McKelvy, September 23, '64 ; July 12, 65. 
Jolm 8. McKelvy, February 24, '64 ; July 12, '65. 
Johu W. McKelvy, February 24, '64 ; July 12, '65. 
James Neal, March 2, '65 ; July 12, '65. 
Isaiah Norcross, March 2, '65 ; *tuly 12, '65. 
Joseph OakersoD, September 23, '61 ; July 12, '6iS. 
James Palmer, September 2S, '64; July 12, '65. 
Samuel R. Peuu, February 29, '64; July 12, '6o. ' 
James M. Pettit, September 23, '61 ; July 12, '65. 
Charles Phillips, May 31, '64; May 27, '65. 
Charles P. Robiuson, May 31, '64 ; July 12, '65. 
Charles W. Roll, February 24, '65 ; July 12, '66. 
Edwin W. Savage, April io, '65 ; July i2, '65. 
Henry Sleicher, August 15, '62; August 11, '65 ; 
discharged from Ward Hospital, Newark. 

Ezekiel Sliiun, September 23, '61 ; July 12, '65. 
Walker Simpkins, April 11, '65 ; July 12, '65. 
James Simpson, April 11, '65; July 12, '65. 
Joseph M. Smith, March 6, '65; July 12, '65. 
Thomas Spencer, A})ril 11, '65 ; July 12, '65. 
Frederick Springer, February 28, '65 ; Juh' 12, '65. 
David Terry, April 11, '65 ; July 12, '65. 
Peter Their, September 13, '61 ; December 7, '(54. 
Charles L. Tilton, February 29, '64; July 12, '65. 
Ernest Traudt, August 15, '62 ; August 22, '65. 
Charles W. Truax, September 23, '61 ; July 12, '65. 
AVilliam L. Truax, January 4, '64 ; July 12, "(55. 
Edgar Vantilburg, September 23, '(51 ; July 19, '(55. 
Jacob Walter, September 29, 64; June 14, '65. 
Daniel AVestcott, February 24, '65 ; July 12, '65. 
Ivins Wilbur, March 8, '65 ; July 12, '(5.5. 
Jesse M. Wilkins, Sept. 23, '61; December 7, '(54. 
Jacob Wirtz, September 29, '64; June 14, '(55 
John Zimmerlin, September 23, '(51; July 12, (55. 

ENROLLED. DISCHARGED. 

Joseph W. Cranmer, Corporal, Sept. 23, '(51 ; at 
Trenton Aug. !), '(54, for wounds received in action. 



OCEAN I'OUNTY SOLDIEllS IN THE LATE WAIJ. 338 

ENUOLEED. DISCHAllGED. 

Johu AV. Barclay, Private, Nov. 1, ^61; at Beaufort, 
ilisability. 

George Beatty, private, Sept. 2:5, '(U ; at Caroline 
City, N. C, disability. 

George Beuner, Private, September 30, '(U ; at New- 
berii, N. C, disability. 

Eruest Biebl, Private, Augiist 18, '&I; at De Cainp 
Hospital, David's Island, N. Y., September (i, '<);'). 

Charles Briudley, Private, September 30, '(51 ; at 
Treuton, October 23, '61 ; disability. 

William B. Clayton, Private, September 23, "Ol; at 
Beaufort, June 1, '63 ; disability. 

John Cornelius, Private, September 23, "61 ; at An- 
napolis Hospital, March 3, 62 ; disability. 

Hiram Craft, Private, September 23, '61; at (^iroline 
City, N. C, May 23, '63 ; disability. 

Henry A. Hartranft, Private, October S, '()1 ; Novem- 
ber 19, '62, to join Kegular army. 

William H. Hurley, Private, September 23, "(Jl ; at 
Hilton Head, S. C, March 17, '63 ; disability. 

Oliver P. Inman, Private, September 23, '()1 ; at St. 
Helena Island, S. C, March 17, '63 ; disability. 

Barzillai J(»hnson, Private, September 23, "61 ; at 
Newbern Hospital, May 12, '63 ; disability. 

John Johnson, Private, March 9. '64; at New York 
April 14, '()5 ; disability. 

Benjamin W. Jones, Private, September 23, "(II ; at 
Newport, N. C, June 23, '62 ; disability. 

Wesley B. Norcross, Private, September 23, Cd ; at 
Newbern, May 28, '63 ; disability. 

Thomas S. Randolph, Private, September 23, '(U ; at 
AVard Hospital, Newark, September 23, '63; disability. 

James H. Robinson, Private, September 23, '()1 ; at 
Beaufort Hospital, February 9, '()3 ; disability. 

Johu Trautwein, Private, September 25, "(Jl ; at 
Ward Hospital, Newark, February 11, '63 ; disability. 

James Truax, Private, September 23, '(d : at New- 
l)ern June 23, '(52 ; disability. 



334 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ENEOLLED. DISCHAEGED. 

George E. AVortli, Private, September 23, '61 ; at 
Army Hospital, Newark, September 6, '62; wounds 
received in action at Roanoke Island. 

Jacob Yeuny, Private, September 23, '61 ; at New- 
port, N. C, Barracks, July 19, '62 ; disability. 

Matthias Zipfel, Private, August 6, '62 ; at Newberu, 
June 10, '63 ; disability. 

ENEOLLED. TRANSFEERED. 

James Johnson, Corporal, September 25, '61 ; to vet- 
eran Reserve Corps, January 2, '64; discharged there- 
from September 23, '64. 

Edwin Applegate, Private, March 8, '64; to Company 
E ; discharged May 3, '65. 

Francis E. Beatty, Private, September 23, '61 ; to U. 
S. Navy May 3, '64. 

Charles Brandt, Private, September 23, '61; to 
Veteran Reserve Corps; discharged September 24, '64; 

David Brawer, Private, Feb. 26, '64 ; to Company C. 

William Bush, Private, March 22, '65 ; to Company C. 

Benjamin B. Camburn, Private, September 23, '61 ; to 
Veteran Reserve Corps ; discharged September 24, '64. 

Charles P. Camburn, Private, September 23, '61 ; to 
Veteran Reserve Corps ; discharged September 24, '64. 

Francis E. Camburn, Private, Mar. 7, '64 ; to Comp'y C. 

William P. Carr, Private, March 23, '65 ; to Co. F. 

David S. Carter, Private, March 23, '65 ; to Co. F. 

John R. Chad wick, Private, February 29, '64; to U. 
S. Navy ; discharged October 11, '64. 

Henry A. Clevinger, Private, Feb. 22, '64; to Co. C. 

Henry Councellor, Private, March 21, '65 ; to Co. K. 

William H. Craft, Private, March 23, '65; to Co. F. 

Joseph C. Ellen, Private, September 23, '61; to Vet- 
eran Reserve Corps; discharged September 23, '64. 

Daniel E. Ely, Private, February 25, '64 ; to Co. C. 

Samuel B. Gaston, Private, February 9, '(54 ; to Vet- 
eran Reserve Corps; discharged September 23, '64. 

Henry Hewitt, Pi-ivate, September 23, '61 ; to U. S. 
Navy ; discharged September 4, '65. 



(3CEAN COUNTY SOLDIKltS IN THE lATK WAU. M35 

ENROLLED. TRANSFERRED. 

David A. Jolinsou, Privjite, September 23, '()1 ; to 
Veteran Keserve Corps ; discharged September 28, '(U. 

William F. Johnson, Private, Feb. 26, '(U ; to Co. C. 

James MeDi)nald, Private, Feb. 15, '66 ; to Co. I. 

James F. McKelvy, Private, March 8, '64; to Co. I. 

^Yilliam H. Moore, Private, Feb. 2(), '64; to Co. C. 

Joseph Niermau, Private, August 14, '62 ; to Co. K. 

Samuel Y. Norcross, Private, Fel). 20, '64 ; to Co. C. 

Henry W. Nutt, Private, Feb. 13, '64 ; to Co. G. 

Abram W. Osboru, Private, Feb. 26, '64 ; to Co. A. 

Benjamin Osborn, Private, Feb. 29, '64 ; to Co. F. 

John W. Perrine, Private, September 2o, '61 ; t(^ 
Veteran Keserve Corps ; discharged September 23, '64. 

Tylee Keyuolds, Private, February 25, '64; to Co. I. 

George W. Piogers, Corporal, September 23, '61 ; to 
Veteran Eeserve Corps ; discharged September 23, '64. 

Andrew J. Steelman, Private, Feb. 29, '64 ; to Co. E. 

Patrick Tracy, Private, Feb. 26, '64; to Co. K. 

Ferdinand Westermau, Private, September 13, '61 ; to 
Veteran Reserve Corps ; discharged September 13, '64. 

Sydney Worth, Private, Feb. 24, '64; to Co. C. 

Jesse L. Bennett, Sergeant, September 23, '61 ; miss- 
ing in action at Drury's Bluff, Va., May 16, '64 ; died in 
Andersonville prison, February 25, '66 ; commissioned 
Lieut. April 13, '64, but died before muster. 

Charles P. Smith, Corporal, September 23, '61 ; killed 
in action before Petersburg, Va., August 15, '(54. 

Benjamin V. Gale, Corporal, March 1, '62 ; died in 
Andersonville prison August 15, '64. 

Benjamin L. Homan, Corporal, September 23, "()1 ; 
died in Andersonville prison February 25, '65. 

Edward G. Ashton, Private, September 23, '61 ; died 
of typhoid fever at Carolina City, N. C, September 15, '63. 

Joseph Atterson, September 23, '61 ; wounded in 
action at Roanoke Island and died in hospital, Newbern, 
May 1, '62. 

Michael Babst, October 11, '61; died in Ander- 
sonville prison August 15, '64. 



dob HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ENROLLED. 

Ezra Cranmer, September 28, '61 ; died of typhoid 
fever, Newberu, April 12, '62. 

Joel H. Gaut, January 4, '(J-t ; died in Anderson- 
ville prison, August 22, '62. 

Joel Hulse, September 23, '61 ; Avouuded in action 
at Deep Creek, Ya.; died in hospital, Portsmouth, Ya., 
March 8, '64. 

Abraham T. Johnson, September 23, '61 ; died in 
Andersonville prison, December 26, '64. 

Jonathan E. Johnson, January 2, '64; died of di- 
arrhoea, Fortress Monroe, August 29, '64. 

Thomas P. Johnson, March 10, '64 ; died of fever, 
Fortress Monroe, April 7, '64. 

Henry Lachat, September 23, '61 ; killed in action 
Newberu, March 14, '62. 

Caleb H. Mount, September 23, '61 ; died in Ander- 
sonville prison, September 9, '64. 

Albert S. Nutt, September 23, '61 ; killed in action 
at Deep Creek, Ya., March 1, '64. 

Samuel Osborn, September 23, '61 ; died of consump- 
tion, Newberu, June 4, '62. 

Henry H. Philli])s, September 23, '61 ; wounded in 
action at Roanoke Island and died at Beaufort Hospital, 
February 14, '63. 

Herbert W. Polhemus, January 2, '()4 ; died in Rebel 
prison, Charleston, S. C, September 23, '64. 

Alexander Reed, September 23, '61 ; died in Ander- 
sonville prison, September 9, '64. 

James H. Robinson, March 9, '()4 ; wounded at 
Petersburg, and died from wounds August 19, '(54. 

William H. Rogers, January 14, '64 ; died of typhoid 
fever, Kingston, N. C, March 29, '65. 

Oscar J. Rulav, September 23, '61 ; died at Nowbern 
Hospital, July 16, "'(52. 

Ferdinand Schilling, August 25, '62 ; died of diarrliu'a 
City Pomt, Ya., July 27, '(54. 

John 13. Steelman, Se])teniber 23, "61 ; wounded at 
Newl)ern ; died April 12, "(52. 



OCEAN rOlNTV SOT.DIF.KS IX THE LATE WAli. .>•>/ 

ENROLLED. 

Jolm J. Street, Jaunavy 4, '(U ; died in Andeisonville 
})i'ison, September 1, ISIU. 

Elilm Tindle, July 17, '(*)2 ; died of fever, AVliite House, 
Ya., Juue '21, "(U. 

Martin Ulricb, September IM, "(d ; died of diarrluea 
Fortress Monroe, October 9, '(54. 

John Yautilburg, September 5, '()4 ; missing in action 
March 7, '65, supposed to be dead. 

KECAriTULATiON : Total numbar of officers and men, 
two hundred and sixteen. Of these twenty-three men 
were discharged, thirty-six transferred, twenty -nine died. 

COMPANY F, FOURTEENTH NEW .JERSEY VOLUNTEERS. 

Ealph B. Gowdy, Captain, August 20, '62 ; resigned 
Se})teml)er '■>(), (h>. 

John C. Patter.sou, Captain, October 5, '63 ; pro- 
moted Major, January 28, '65, and Brevet Lieutenant- 
Colonel and Colonel, " for meritorious services during 
the war,"' March lo, "()-"). 

Vincent R. Marsh, Captain, January 30, "()5 ; mustered 
out Juue l.S, '65. 

Samuel C. Bailey, 1st Lieutenant, Ot-tobsr 5, '63; 
Ijromoted Captain, Company H, August 9, '64, Yice- 
Captaiu S. H. Stults killed in action at M )Uocacy, Md., 
promoted Brevet Major October 19, '(54, "for gallant and 
meritorious services in the field during the campaign 
before Eichmond and in the Shenandoah Yalley," to date, 
from October 19, '(54 ; to be Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, 
" for gallant and meritorious services before Petersburg, 
Ya.," to date, from April 2, '(v). 

Jarvis Wanser, 1st Lieutenant, August 9, '(54 ; 
transferred to Company B. 

Barton Applegate, 1st Lieutenant, January :)0, (55 : 
mustered out June 18, '65. 

Benjamin F. Patterson, 2d Lieutenant, Octoboi' 5. 
'(53 ; resigned April 1, '64. 

Charles H. White, 2d Lieutenant, D.H-emb-r 1, '(54; 
transferred to Comiiany O, as Captain. 



338 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

William S. Couover, 2cl Lieutenant, Jaiiuarv HO, '(55 ; 
mustered out June 18, '()5. 

James Chaffay, 1st Sergeant, Au^-ust 15, '()"2 ; 
promoted Lieutenant, Company K. 

William H. Lecompte, 1st Sergeant, August 15, '(52 . 
mustered out June 18, '(55. 

Samuel G. Hill, Sergeant, August 15, '(52 ; promoted 
Lieutenant Company A, 

John Grover, Jr., Sergeant, August 15, '(52 ; mustered 
out September 12, '65 ; deliberately shot by the Eebels 
after he was taken prisoner at Petersburg, April 2, '65. 
necessitating amputation of an arm. 

SERGEANTS. MUSTERED OUT. 

Charles W. Fleming, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 
Joseph Hankins, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

C(>RP0RALS. MUSTERED OUT. 

George H. Bryan, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 8, '65. 

Henry Powell Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Alexander J. Johnson, Aug 18, '62 ; June 18, '(55. 

Joseph H. Wright, Aug. 18, '62 ; June 18, '(^r). 

Edmund Pi. Cliafey, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '(55. 

John Heron, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Solomon Southard, Aug. 15, '(52 ; June 18, 'C^o. 

William A. Parker, Aug. 15, "62 ; June 18, '65. 

Eoderick A. Clark, Aug. 15, '(52 ; discharged at De 
Camp Hospital, David's Island, New York harbor. 
September 11, '65. 

COMPANY H, TWENTY-NINTH NEW JERSEY VOLUNTEERS. 
ENROLLED. MUSTERED OUT. 

Albert S. Cloke, Captain, Sept. 4, '62 ; June 30, '(53. 
Charles L. Kimball, 1st. Lieut., Sept. 4, '62 ; June 30,'63. 
M. Perrine Gravatt, 2dLieut.,Sept. 4, '(52;June 30, '63. 
Kobert Burns, 1st Sergt., Aug. 27, '62; June 30, '(53. 
Charles Lofton, Sergeant, Aug. 31, '(52 ; June 30, '63. 
Taylor G. Wainright, Sergt., Aug. 31, '(52 ; June 30, '63. 
Benjamin L. Lawrence, Sergt., Aug. 31, '(52 ; June 30, '63. 
John W. Peterson, Sergt., Aug. 27, '(52 ; June 30, '63. 
Michael B. Zabriskie, Corpl., Aug.20,'62; June 30, '63. 



OCEAN COUNTY SOJ,I>IEliS IN J'HK I,ATE WAl!. 3o9 

Sylvester Hall, Coi])]., Aug. '27, 'Crl ; June :}0, '(j:^ 
Andrew Steelmaii, Corpl., Aug. 24, '62; Juue 80, '08. 
Isaac Worth, Corpl, Aug. 2(S, '(52; June 80, '(>8. 
Christian Naeglin, Corph, Aug. 2(), '02; June 80, ■(>8. 
George Zabriskie, Corpl., Aug. 20, '()2; June 30, '63. 
Levi Reeves, Corpl., Aug. 20, '(52; June 80, '08. 
Charles R. Bunnell, Corpl., Aug. 17, 02; June 80, '08. 
Thomas B. Morse, Musician, Aug. 26, '62; June 30, '63. 
Asa Tilton, Wagoner, Aug. 24, '02 ; June 80, '08. 
Daniel Applegate, Private, Aug. 28, '02 ; June 80, '03. 
George Bareford, Private, Aug. 23, '62 ; June 30, '63. 
William Benson, Private, Aug. 28, '02 ; June 80, '03. 
Ferdinand Berthond, Private, xiug. 29,'02 ; June80,'03. 
Barzillai Biship, Private, Aug. 25, '62 ; June 30, '63. 
Joseph Bishi}), Private, Sept. 1, '02 ; June 30, '63. 
Michael S. Biship, Private, Aug. 24, '62 ; June 30, '63. 
Charles Borden, Private, Aug. 17, '62 ; June 80, '63. 
John Bower, Private, Aug. 30, '62 ; June 80, '63. 
Holmes Britton, Private, Aug. 80, '62; June 80, 63. 
John Branson, Private, Aug. 20, '62 ; June 80, '68. 

(Corjjoral Aug. 21 to Nov. 1, '62.) 
Henry Brown, Private, Aug. 25, '62 ; June 80, '68. 
James Brown, Private, Aug. 28, '(j2 ; June 80, '63. 
Jesse Brown, Private, Aug. 26, '62 ; June 80, '63. 
Samuel Burk, Private, Aug. 28, '62 Juue 80, '63. 
Francis E. Camburn, Private, Sept. 1, '(52 ; June 80,'68. 
Corlis Clayton, Private, Sept. 3, '(52 ; June 80, 63. 
Lewis L. Conk, Private, Aug. 28, '()2 ; June 80, '63. 
Charles B. Cook, Private, Sept. 1, '(52; June 80, '68.. 
Samuel B. Corlis, Private, Aug. 30, '62 ; June 30, '63. 
William J. Corlis, Private, Aug. 30, '62 ; June 80, '63. 
Duncan Cox, Private, Aug. 26, '62 ; June 80, '63. 
Samuel B. Cranmer, Private, Aug. 30, '62 ; June 30, '63. 
Samuel S. Cranmer, Private, Sept. 2, '(i2 ; June 30, '63. 
William Dennis, Private, Aug. 29, '62 ; June 30, '()3. 
Ebenezer De Witt, Private, Aug. 28, '62 ; June 30, '63. 
John Dougherty, Private, Sept. 1, '62 ; June 30, "03. 
Abial Emley, Private, Aug. 24, '62 ; June 80, '()8. 
Joseph H. Gibeson Private, Aug. 30, '62 ; Juue 30, '63. 



340 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Charles Gouldy, Private, Aii<^-. 25, '62; June 30, '63. 

Asher Grant, Private, Sept. 1, '62; June 30, '63. 

Tliomas P. Henley, Private, Aug. 27, '62 ; June 30,'63. 

Edward Hoffmire, Private, Aug. 28, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

John R. Irons, Private, Sept. 3, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

William H. Irons, Private, Aug. 18, '62; June 30, '63. 

August Johns, Private, Aug. 25, '62; June 30, '63. 

Oeorge Johnson, Private, Sept. 2, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

Joseph B. Johnson, Private, Aug. 30, '62 ; June 30, '(53. 

Peter Johnson, Private, Aug. 30, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

Reuben Johnson, Private, Sept. 1, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

Cornelius Kelly, Private, Aug. 30, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

William T. Letts, Private, Sept. 2, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

William H. MeKelvy, Private, August 30, '62 ; 
June 30, '63. 

George Messic, Private, Aug. 27, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

Allen Morris, Private, Aug. 23, '62; June 30, '6)3. 

Samuel C. Morton, Private, August 28, '62 ; June 
30, '63. 

Joel C^ Palmer, Private, Aug. 28, '62; June 30, '(^l 

John T. Penu, Private, Aug. 30, '62; June 30, '()3. 

Samuel R. Penn, Private, Sept. 1, '62; June 30, '(53. 

Augustus Pharo, Private, Sept. 1, '62; June 30, '63. 

Joel Reeves, Private, Sept. 1, '(52 ; June 30, '(53. 

Joseph Ridgway, Private, Aug. 26, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

Stephen Ridgway, Private, Aug, 2(5, '62; June 30, '63. 

Forman Rogers, Private, Aug. 30, '62 ; June 30, '(53. 

Mahlon Rossell, Private, Sept. 1, '(52 ; June 30, '(53. 

James Soper, Private, Aug. 26, '62; June 30, '(515. 

Isaiah Stackhouse, Private, Aug. 26, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

Michael Stackhouse, Private, Aug. 27, '(52 ; June :50, '63. 

Miller A^anuote, Private, xiug. 30, '(52 ; June 30, '()3. 

Joseph E. Wainright, Private, August 27, '62; 
June 30, '63. 

Grlando T. Wainright, Private, August 22, '(52; 
June 30, '63. 

Samuel Webb, Private, Aug. 27, '(52 ; June 30, '63. 

Abraham Wilbur, Private, Aug. 20, '62 ; June 30, '63. 

Joseph Yates, Private, Aug. 18, '62 ; June 30, '63. 



OCEAN COUNTY SOLDIEPiS IN TIIF. I.ATE WAl!. o4:l 

ENROLLED. DISCHARGED. 

AVilliam Y. Estell, Waooner, Sept. 2, 'G2 ; April 6, 
'63; disability. 

William H. Brown, Private, Aug. 20, '02 ; at Carver's 
Hospital, Wasliiugtou, Jan. 7, '08 ; disability. 

Augustus F. Camburu, Private, Anonst 28, '02 ; at 
Alexander Hospital, February 2, '(58; disability. 

Ivius Conk, Private, August IS, '02 ; at Judiciary 
Square Hosi)ital, Washington, January 27, '(58. 

Ezekiel C. Giberson, August 20, '(52 ; at Arm}- Hospi- 
tal, Washington, April 24, '63 ; disability. 

Benjamin Gilford, Private, Sept. 2, '02 ; at Army 
Hospital, Washington, May 3, '03. 

Thomas Johnson, Private, August 27, '02 ; at Hospi- 
tal, Newark, February 28, '03; disability. 

George W. Luker, Private, Aug. 28, '02 ; at Arm^- 
Hospital, Washington, January 1, '08 ; disability. 

Charles O. Palmer, Private, August 28, '(52 ; at Army 
Hospital, Washington, March 2, '08 ; disability. 

Jonathan H. Penn, Private, September 1, '02; at 
Army Hospital, Washington, February 22, '03; disability. 

Lorenzo Yates, Private, August 17, '02; at Douglass 
Hospital, Wasliington, January 21, '03 ; disability. 

Clayton Hagerman, August 28, '62 ; died typhoid 
fever. Belle Plains, Ya., April 12, '03. 

Michael Laufter, September 1, '02 ; died typhoid 
fever. Belle Plains, Ya., January 26, '68. 

Samuel H. Osliorn, September 8, '62 ; died typhoid 
fever, Tenallytown, November 28, '62. 

RECAriTULATiON : Total number of officers and men, 
ninety-nine; of the men eleven were disharged, one 
transferred, and three died. 

MUSICIAN. DISCHARGED. 

John E. Southwick, Aug. 15, "0)2 ; June 28, '65, from 

hospital at Annapolis. 

rr.ivATEs. 

ENROLLED. :\rUSTERED OUT. 

George J. Appleby, Aug. b"), (52 ; June 18, '65. 
Charles S. Applegate, Aug. 15, '(52 ; June 18, '6)5. 



3-4:2 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ENROLLED. MUSTERED OUT. 

William L. Applegate, Sept. 9, '(54 ; June IS, '65. 

Charles Archer, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Charles P. Bennett, Aug. 15, '62 ; discharged, from 
Frederick City Hospital May 19, '65. 

John 8. Bennett, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '()5. 
(Sergeant Nov. 10, '63, to July 31, '64.) 

Andrew Q. Bowers, Aug. 15, '(52 ; June 18, ^iMS. 

Mark Bozarth, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Charles Brindley, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

John F. Brown, Aug. 15, '62 ; discharged AVilmington, 
Del., Hospital, June 24, '65. 

Gabriel Chamberlain, Aug. 2, '(54 ; discharged from 
Frederick Hospital, May 19, 'iw. 

Eeuben Chamberlain, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, 'do. 

Eugene C. Clayton, Aug. 15, '(52 ; June 18, '65. 

William Clayton, Aug. 26, "(>4 ; June 18, '65. 

John H. Cook, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Joseph Cook, Sept. 16, '(54 ; June 18, '65. . 

David P. Fielder, Sept. 7, '64 ; June 18, '65. 

John W. Finch, Aug. 15, '62; June 18, '65. 

Charles Hall, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Henry Hankins, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Jacob Havens, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

George Henderson, October 1, '64 ; June 18, '65. 

James D. Herbert, Sept. 3, '64 ; discharged Jarvis 
Hospital, Baltimore, June 14, '6o. 

John Hopkins, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Samuel Hopkins, August 15, '62; August 8, '66. 

Ivins Irons, August 15, '62 ; discharged Douglass 
Hospital, Washington, August 18, '65. 

Ellison Jamison, August 15, '(52 ; June 18, '65. 

Anthony S. Johnson, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '66. 

David C. Johnson, Aug. 30, '(54 ; June 18 '65. 

William Johnson, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Charles C. Jountry, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

John Knott, Aug. 15, '(52 ; June 18, '65. 
William C. Lake, August 30, '(54 ; discharged June 
8, '65. 



OCEAN COUNTY SOIT)TKI!S tN TUF. 1,ATE WAli. 343 

ENROLLED. MUSTERED OUT. 

Robert McDonald, Au_n'. 1"), "(»2 : discharged Frederick 
City Hospital, May IV), "(lo. 

Wasliiugtou McKeaii, August 15, "(i'i ; June 18, 'fio. 

William H. Miller, Aug. 15, '&2 ; Juno 18, "<)5. 

William H. Morris, Aug. 15, '&> ; June 18, '()5. 

Edward Newman, Aug. 15, '(J'J ; June 18, '(55. 

Charles H. Parker, Aug. 2, i'A ; discharged Satterlee 
Hospital, West Philadelphia, May 19, '65. 

William L. Parker, August 15, '()2 ; June 18, '1)5. 

Tabor C. Polhemus, Aug. 15, '(52 ; June 18, '05. 

James Potter, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Heulings L. Prickett, Sept. 3, '64 ; June 18, '(55. 

Gilbert W. Reid, Aug. 29, '64 ; June 18, '65. 

Harrison Reid, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Cornelius Rogers, Aug. 31, '64 ; June 18, '(So. 

Jesse Rogers, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

William Rogers, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

Silas Southard, Sept. 16, '64 ; June 18, '(55. 

Walling Wainright, Aug. 15, '62 ; June 18, '65. 

James E. Wheeden, September 3, '64; discharged 
Douglass Hospital, Washington, June 14, '65. 

James White, xlugust 15, '62 ; discharged Saterlee 
Hospital, West Philadelphia, May 19, '65. 

William Williams, August 15, "62 ; mustered out 
June 18, 'ii'y. 

ENROLLED. DISCHARGED. 

John W. White, Sergeant, August 15, '62 ; at White- 
hall Hospital, Bristol, Pa., disability, June 17, 'C)^). 

Walter B. Abbott, Private, August 15, '62; at Hospital 
York, Pa., disabilit}-, March 21, 'iVy. 

Alonzo Applegate, January 2, '64; at Ward Hospital, 
Newark, December 14, '64; disability. 

Peter Daily, July 23, '62; at Alexandria, Ya., August 
26, '63 ; disability. 

William H." Hall, September 21. '64; at Newark, 
June 17, 'Cj') ; disability. 

Herbert Havens, August 15, "(52 ; at Newark, Decem- 
ber 15, '(54 ; disability. 



344 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ENROLLED. DISCHARGED. 

Daniel Hopkins, August 15, '62; at Newark, February 
7, '65 ; disability. 

Archibald J. McLane, September 7, '64 ; (J)ctober 2, 
'64; rejected by Medical Board. 

Charles R. Sherman, August 15, '62 ; at Newark, 
December 13, '64; disability. 

Josiah Smith, August 15, '62 ; October 8, '63, by 
sentence Court Martial. 

George E. Spratford, August 15, '62 ; Newark, Octo- 
ber 8, '63 ; disability. 

John Stout, August 15, '62 ; Newark, January 24, 
'64 ; disability. 

ENROLLED. TRANSFERRED. 

Peter C. Applegate, August 15, '62 ; to Navy, April 
18, '64 ; discharged from Navy June 3, '6o. 

Anthony Borden, February 24, '64; same day trans- 
ferred to Company K, Second Regiment ; discharg-ed 
June 20, '65, from Hospital Baltimore. 

Andrew J. Elberson, March 28, '64 ; to Navy 
April 18, '64. 

Joseph W. Fleming, August 15, '62 ; to Navv 
April 18, '64. 

John B. drover, August 15, '62 ; to Veteran Reserve 
Corps, August 10, '64; Discharged November 11, '65. 

John W. Grover, September 16, '64; to Company A; 
mustered out June 18, '65. 

Lewis Herbert, August 15, '62 ; to Navy, April 18, "64. 

Edward Hilliard, August 15, '62; to Veteran Reserve 
Corps, June 18, '64; discharged July 13, '65. 

Thomas C. Hinkley, March 28, '65; to Company K. 
Second Regiment. 

Charles R. Lehmaii, August 30, '64; to Com])any I; 
mustered out June 18, '65. 

Charles L. Pearce, February 23, '(54; to (\)mpany K, 
Second Regiment. 

William Petty, August 15, ■<)2; to Vetarau Reserve 
Corps; discharged June 15, "64; disability. 



(ICEAN COUNTY SOLDIERS IN THE LATE WAR. ^J-to 

ENROLLED. TRANSFERltED. 

Edward Prickett, August 2, '04; to Company K, 
Secoud Kegimeut ; mustered out July 13, '6o. 

Joshua L. Prickett, April 7, ''65; to Company K, 
Second llegiment; mustered out July 11, "65. 

Levi S. Prickett, April 7, '65; to Company K, Second 
Regiment ; mustered out July 11, '65. 

Levi Sclieek, July 28, '62^ to Co. B Nov. 11, '()2. 

Richard Skirm, August 15, '62 ; to Company F, First 
Cavalry, September 16, '68 ; Corporal, First Cavalry ; 
mustered out July 24, '65. 

Samuel D. Yannote, March 23, '64 ; to Company K, 
Second Regiment; discharged July 28, '65, from AVard 
Hospital, Newark. 

Henry C. Havens, First Sergeant, August 15, ■(■)2; 
killed in action at Monocacy, July 9, '64. 

Lacy Poinsett, Corporal, August 15, '62; died July 
12, '64 Frederick City Hospital from wounds received in 
action at Monocacy, July 9, ■()4. 

John P. Truex, Corporal, August 15, '62 ; died June 
20, '64 in Judiciary Square Hospital, Washington, from 
wounds received m action at Cold Harbor, June 1, (i4. 
Buried in Arlington cemetery. 

George Britton, Private, July 28, "(52 ; killed in action 
at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, '64. 

John S. Britton, August 15, ■62; died in Danville 
Rebel prison, February 2(S, '()5. 

Charles Brown, August 15, '62 ; killed in acti(m at 
Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, '64. 

Raselah M. Brown, August 15, '62 ; killed in action 
at Cedar Creek, Ya., October 19, '64. 

Patrick Diggen, August 15, '62 ; died June 16, "64, 
at Carver Hospital, Washington, of wounds received in 
action at Cold Harlxjr. 

Anthony H. (larrett, August 15, (ri ; died September 
24, "64, at Winchester, Ya., of wounds received in action 
at Opequan, Ya., September 19, '64. 

Oliver C. Giberson, August 15, '(;2; died of fever at 
Fairfax Seminary, Ya., September 1, "63. 



346 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Samuel Grover, August 15, '62 ; died of lung disease 
at Frederick, Md., November 7, '62. 

David Hall, May 10, '64 ; at Wasliiugtou, May 28, '65. 

-Tolin Hall, August 15, '62 ; died in Danville Rebel 
prison, October 24, '64. 

Charles H. Haviland, August 15, '62 ; died Jul}* 15, 
'64, at Frederick, Md., of wounds received in action at 
Monocacy, July 9, '64. 

Obadiali Herbert, August 15, '62 ; died September 

11, '64, at Annapolis, Md., of wounds received in action. 

Charles Hopkins, August 15, '62 ; died November 19, 
'64, at Baltimore Hospital, of wounds received in action 
at Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, '64. 

David C. Horner, August 15, '62 ; killed in action at 
Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, '64. 

James G. Matthews, August 30, '64 ; died October 

12, '64, in Winchester Field Hospital, of wounds received 
in action at Opecjuan, Va., September 19, '64. 

Robert Maxon, August 15, '62 ; killed September 19, 
'64, in action at Opequan, Va. 

John Potter, August 15, '62 ; died in Danville Rebel 
prison, January 29, '65. 

Samuel B. Rose, August 15, '62 ; died at Frederick, 
Md., February 8, '63. 

Samuel Seymore, August 15, '62; died in Richmond 
Rebel prison, December 10, '63. 

Henry H. Sherman, August 15, '62 ; died at Baltimore 
Hospital, June 1, '65. 

Samuel Southard, August 15, '62 ; killed in action at 
Monocacy, July 9, '64. 

Jonathan Tice, August 15, '(52 ; died in Frederick, 
Md., April 21, '63. 

George H. White, August 15, '62 ; killed in action at 
Cold Harbor, Va., June 1, '64. 

Lewis W. Woodward, August 15, '62 ; killed in action 
at Cold Harlior, Va., June 1, '64. 

Recapitutation : Total strength of company, one 
hundred and thirty-nine; of these, twelve were discharged, 
eighteen transferred, two jiromotad, twenty-seven died. 



OCEAN COrN'J'V I'KNSIONEIIS. 347 

UNITED STATES NAVY. 

Thoiuas Edwards, Acting Lieutenant. Acting Mas- 
ter, Oct. 22, '61; U. 8. S. Oneida, '()l-2-8 ; commanding 
U. S. S. Stockdale, '64. 

William Rogers, Acting Master, Aug. 26, '61, U. S. S. 
Pembina ; commanding U. 8. S. Mary Sandford '63, and 
tlie Hetzel '64-5. 

Jerome B. Rogers, Acting Master, Oct. 22, '61 ; U. S. 
S. Restless, '62, U. S. 8. 8el)ago, '63 4. 

OCEAN COUNTY PENSI0NER8. 



The following is a complete and correct list of all 
persons resident in this count}^ drawing pensions in 1863 
from the United States Government, with the causes for 
which such pension is allowed, and the amount paid them 
monthly, as compiled from the records of the Pension 
Department : 

BAYVILLE. 

George R. Worth, gunshot Avound right arm, $10. 

BARNEGAT. 
Phebe Ludlow, widow, $8 ; Sarah Edwards, widow 
(Navy), $25 ; Tunis Bodine, survivor of 1812, $8. 

BAYHEAD. 

Jane C. Van Doren, widow, $8; Margaret King, 
widow, $8 ; Ann Voorhees, widow, $10. 

BENNETTS MILLS. 

Charles T. Mathews, disease of lungs, $10 ; Joseph 
L Yoorhees, amputation right arm, $24 ; Thomas Clay- 
ton, gunshot wound right arm, $10 ; John B. Hj'ers, dis- 
eased lungs and eyes, $12 ; Wm. H. Conover, injury of 
back, $4 ; John H. Mathews, disease of lungs, $8 ; John 
G. Yoorhees, gunshot wound left shoulder, $10. 

BRICKSBURG. 

Mary Estel, widow 1812, $8 ; Daniel D. Williams, dis- 
ease of the lungs, $4 ; Lavinia M. Carter, mother, $8. 



348 HISTOliY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES 

CASSYILLE. 

Ellison Jamison, gunshot wound in head, $2 ; John 
F. BroAvn, gunshot wound in neck, etc., $10 ; Susan Haga- 
man, widow, $16 ; Lydia A. Brown, mother, $8. 

COLLIEli's MILLS. 

Lewis Southard, injury right side, $6. 

FORKED RIVER. 

Samuel R. Penn, typhoid fever, etc., $6 ; Ann Brit- 
ton, mother, $8 ; Ezekiel Lewis, survivor 1812, $8. 

HORNERSTOWN. 

Charles H. Hankins, wound right hand, $1; John 
Erricksou, wound right forearm, $3 ; Isaac Vanhise, dis- 
ease of heart, $S ; Daniel H. Hopkins, $4 ; Deborah Hop- 
kins, widow, $8; Mary Likes, mother, $8; Zachariah Haw- 
kins, wound in left side, $4 ; Wm. A. Parker, wound left 
shoulder and jaw, |S ; Margaret Curtis, widow, $3 ; Henrv 
H. Hawkins, gunshot wound i-ight f(jot and right knee, |6. 

ISLAND HEIGHTS. 

John J. (3'Hara, gunshot wound left shoulder, $(^. 

JACKSONS MILLS. 

Thomas L. Reynolds, chronic diarrlnea, $8 ; Charles 
H. Rose, gunshot wound right forearm, $4 ; Rebecca 
Burke, widow, $8 ; Sarah M. Cook, |-i ; Caleb Bennett, 
minor children, Samuel L3ming, guardian, $12; Jas. H. 
Hendrickson, injury left side, etc., $2. 

LAKE WOOD. 

David Brower, gunshot wound right arm, left thigh, 
and sunstroke, $12 ; Thomas Fisher, gunshot wound left 
shoulder, $4; Holmes Johnson, disease lungs, $18 ; Peter 
Reynolds, $15 ; John ]1 Estrelle, measles, typhoid fever, 
etc., $2 ; (Uiarles M. Dix, sunstroke, $4; David Matthews^ 
$18; John W. White, gunshot wound left leg, $8; Mary 
Norcross, widow, $S ; Mary Megill, widow, 1812, $8; 
James AVhite, gunslio;; wound right leg, $> ; Eliza Sterne, 
mother, $8 ; Emeline Holt, Avidow, $S ; Hester Hager- 
nian, wi(h)w, $(S ; Eunice A. Cordon, widow, $21 ; Henrv 



OCEAN COUNTY PENSIONKltS. M-il) 

Burd, gunshot woimd left forearm, $2; Soplii.i D. Adams, 
widow, 1812, SS ; James W. Grove, chrouic diarrlicea, i*4:- 

MANCHESTEl!. 

Mary Gettier, widow 1812, $8 ; Catharine S. Carman, 
widow, $8 ; Benj. T. Phillips, chronic rheumatism, S2-1 ; 
Nimrod Nicols, gunshot wound right leg, *1 ; David 
Xoyes, gunshot wound in head, $(5. 

ilANNAHAWKIX. 

Joseph Cranmer, gunshot wound forehead, $12 ; 
Samuel Curtis, Navy, $20 ; Thomas C. Samson, injury to 
right knee, $1; Henry Allison, frosted feet, $12; Joseph 
Bisho}), injury to abdomen, $2. 

METEDECONK. 

Abraham W. Osborn, injury to abdomen, $4 ; John 
Johnson, $18; James G. Truax, disease stomach, $-4; Wm. 
H. Hall, $4; James M. Petit, chills and fever and 
rheumatism, $4. 

NEW EGYPT. 

Charlotte Appleby, mother, $8; John \'aughn, gun- 
shot wound left hip, $6 ; Elizabeth Johns, mother, $8 ; 
Charles Chaiey, injury left side, $2 ; William Perm, gun- 
shot wound left shoulder, $4 ; Charles H. Thompson, gun- 
shot wound left side head, $4 ; Benj. P. Bussom, effects 
of typhoid fever, $1 ; George H. Horner, gunshot wound 
right arm, etc., $10 ; Gecn-ge W. Dunfee, injury right leg 
and left hip, $4 ; Franklin S. Gaskill, gunshot wound 
both thighs, $6; George Yates, $18; Joseph Keynolds. 
necrosis right tibia, S6 ; Henry B. Wright, injury to ab- 
domen, $4; Joseph X. Emley, $4; William A. Wood- 
ward, chronic- diarrhtea, $12 ; John Esed, gunshot wound 
left forearm, $18; John W. Eldridge, chronic diarrlnea. 
$4 ; Curtis Fowler, gunshot wound right leg, $8 ; Hugh 
Dyatt, gunshot wound back, $8; Caroline B. Archer, 
widow, $8 ; Edith Brown, widow, $8 ; John S. Mallony, 
neuralgia, (Nnvy), $'20 ; Amy Fowler, mother, i8 ; Harriet 
Loveland, widow. $8; Eliza Horner, mother, $8 ; Clemen- 
tine T. Carter, motluM', $8; Marv Hulsc. widow 1812. s2."); 



350 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Lydia Woodward, mother, $8 ; Mary Webb, mother, 18 ; 
Isaac Sop«r, minor chihlreu, $12 ; Naomi Gant, widow, $8 ; 
Sarah Bell, mother, .^8 ; John McGrath, disease of 
lungs, $16. 

OSBORNSVILLE. 

Charles W. Truax, disease liver, etc., $4 ; John W. 
J. Osborn, disease lungs, S4 ; Mary Jones, mother, $8 ; 
Hance H. Gant, chronic rheumatism, $4. 

POINT PLEASANT. 

Harriet E. Jones, $8 ; Aaron Irons, gunshot wound 
left thigh, etc., ^S ; Roderick A. Clarke, $18; Joseph W. 
Fleming, injury right ankle, $6 ; Joshua J. Pearce, 
chronic diarrhoea and rheumatism, $8 ; John Stout, $18 ; 
Charles Stout, gunshot wound left tliigli, $2 ; Elizabeth 
Eolsom, widow, $8 ; Margaret Morris, widow, $8 ; Mary 
Jane Wilson, mother, $8 ; Herbert Havens, gunshot 
wound both thighs and left ankle, $10. 

PROSPERTOWN. 

Christopher Daly, gunshot wound left forearm, $10 ;' 
Lloyd Appleget, injury of right eye, $4. 

SILVERTOX. 

John S. McKelvey, chronic diarrhoea, $(> ; John C. 
Irons, survivor, 1812, $8 ; Alice Bunnell, widow, $8. 

TOMS RIVER. 

Sarah J. Atterson, widow, $8 ; Mary Applegate, 
widow, 'i8; Thomas Johnson, injury to abdomen, $8; 
Ezekiel Giberson, injury to abdomen, $8 ; Wm. H. 
Hurley, gunshot wound, left shoulder, $6 ; Helena 
Grant, widow, $8 ; Charles T. Hudson, $4 ; Garrett Y. 
Hyers, gunshot wound right shoulder, $2 ; Abraham J. 
Johnson, injury to abdomen, f 8 ; George Walton, disease 
heart, $8 ; Thomas W. Middleton, $10 ; Robert S. Wither- 
all aJuai J. R. Noi cross, contracted scar from abscess 
right shoulder, $4 ; Charles S. Auplegate, injury to ab- 
domen, $4 ; Wm. H. Dorsey, gunshot wound right 
shoulder 18 ; George G. Irons, rheumatism, etc., $17 ; 
Wallace Irons, disease lungs, $8; George H. Ibyan, gun- 



OLD DOVKi; lOWNSUll'. 351 

shot wound left shoulder, $10 ; H;iiiiet Lukci', mother, $8; 
Sarah McKenney, widow, $8. 

VAN HISEVILLE. 

Catharine Johnson, widow, $8 ; John Cole, S'24 ; 
Reuben Camp, chronic diarrho'u and varicose veins left 

le- $8. 

WARETOWN. 

Samuel Ridgway, j^unshot wound left thigh, .$8. 

WEST CREEK. 

James Pliaro, heart disease $4 ; James M. West, gun- 
shot woiind left side of chest, $(>; Ensign Miller, gunshot 
wound left side of head, $18. 

WHEATLAND. 

Andrew J. Steelmau, injury to abdomen, $8. 

WHITING. 

Anna Perry, widow, $8. 

OLD DOVER TOWXSHIP. 



Dover township at one time embraced a large pro- 
portion of the present county of Ocean, as it extended 
from Metetecuuk river on the north to Oyster Creek, be- 
tween Forked River and Waretown on the south, and 
from the ocean to the Burlington county line in width. 

The Town Book of old Dover, containing lists of of- 
ficers from 1783 down to 1801, was found among the 
books and papers of the late Washington McKean by his 
son-in-law, Charles W. Potter. Since the decease of the 
last named gentleman, it is probable this book will be 
deposited in the office of the County Clerk at Toms River. 
The town officials named in it were officials representino- 
a large proportion of the present county. In their day 
they were the prominent public men of what is now Ocean 
county, and man}^ of their names are herein recorded. 

The village of Toms River was burned in March, 
1782. The record in the Town Book begins with the first 
town meeting after that event. 



352 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

The followiiifij town meeting proceeclings are copied 
from the okl Dover Town Book : 

A list of the town officers chosen at a town meeting 
liekl at Toins River on the second Tnesday of March, one 
thousand seven hundred and eighty three (1783), for the 
township of Dover, are as followeth : 

Town CUerk — David Woodmansee ; Chosen Free- 
hohlers — Gabriel AYoodmansee, John E-ogers ; Assessor 
— Gabriel Woodmansee ; Collector — James Woodmansee; 
Freeholders to assist the Assessor — Jacob Applegate, 
John Jeffrey ; Freeholders of Appeal— Isaac Potter, 
Moses Robins, David Woodmansee ; Surveyors of High- 
ways- — Abraham Piatt, James Allen ; Overseers of the 
Poor — John 8tout, Jacob Applegate ; Overseers of High- 
wa3-s — Francis Letts, Jacob Foster, Thomas Vannort ; 
Constable — John Woodmansee. 

Town meetings were held annually at the residence of 
different citizens, and the ordinary public business, which 
Avas of course limited in character, transacted. 

At the annual meeting held March 13, 1787, the town 
iigreed to raise an assessment on the inhabitants of Dover 
for the support of the poor this year, the sum of fifty 
pounds (£50). 

The following items appear in later records : 

At the town meeting held March 11, 1788, it was or- 
dered as follows : 

" The town has agreed to pay the last county money 
that was ordered to be raised, out of the dog tax that 
was raised for the year 1787. Also the money that Abra- 
ham Piatt is indel)ted to the town is to pay the debts of 
the town." 

In 1792 the following record appears: 

" 170*2. Be it remembered that the townshii) of 
D(jver has entered into a resolve this thirteenth (hiy of 
March, 1702, that all foreigners who shall come within 
our l)ay to oyster shfdl be entitled to pay to the townslii]) 
of Dover for the support of the poor, two pence for every 
bushel of oysters taken on board by said vessels. Als(^, 
John Piice and John Woodmansee are a])])ointed by said 



OI,r> DOVEi; TOWNSHIP. OOO 

town to collect the above dutv for the use of the said 
town. 

At the sjune time, the ])0()i- of the tf)wnship of Dover 
were sold to the following ))crsons, viz : 

Abraham Piatt took one woman for £7 17 shillin<;s 
for one year. 

John Johnson took one man for £4 9s. one year. 

Thomas Bird took one man for £11 17s. one year. 

Officers elected at the annual March town meeting, 
1793 : Moderator— Benjamin Lawrence ; Clerk— George 
Cook ; Assessor — Benjamin Lawrence ; Collector — George 
Cook ; Freeholders— David Wright, Gabriel Woodman- 
see ; Coms. of Appeal — James Allen, John Kogers, Gabriel 
W^oodmansee ; Coms. of Highways— John Price, William 
Williams; Overseers of Poor— Benjamin Lawrence, George 
Cook ; Overseers of Eoads— Paul Potter, William Cham- 
berlain, Timothy Page, Bartholomew Applegate, Thomas 
Truex; Constables — John Richardson, Job Leming. 
Judge of Election — John Rogers. 

The poor of the township were sold as follows: Jo- 
seph Piatt took one woman for £8 10s. Timothy Page 
took one man for £4 15s. Elizabeth Johnson took one 
man for £12 10s." 

At the annual meeting, March 10. 1795, "John Yet- 
man was cleared from tax on account of blindness of his 
wife."' 

The following record ap[)3ars in the procaedings of 
the town meeting held at the house of John Millar, March 
10,1798: 

The town poor were put out for the year as follows: 
" Gill^ert Lane took one man for £12 ; the town to find him 
clothes, and Lane to make and mend for him and find him 
in tobacco. John Worth took a woman for £16, the town 
to find her clothes and AVorth to find her tobacco." 

A special town meeting was held Ai)ril 3, 1799, at 
the house of John Wildes, when — 

" It was resolved to amend the law about striking fish, 
so that it shall be lawful to strike any fish except sheeps- 
head until June lOtli, yearly. 



354 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

" Besolved, That the members of tlie Towusliip Com- 
mittee be allowed one dollar per da}- for services. Wil- 
liam E. Imlay reported expenditures for the poor to the 
amount of £36 12s. 2d., and that he had in hand of town 
money, Xlll 13s. 2d., from which expenses deducted for 
poor would leave £75." 

The next year it was resolved that " the next town 
meeting be held at the house where William E. Imlay 
now lives. A1s(j, that the law about striking tish be re- 
pealed in full." Constables in those days were required to 
give bonds in the sum of one thousand dollars. 

The following is a list of Presiding Officers, or 
Moderators, as they were called, and Town Clerks of 
Dover, from 1846 to 1861, when the records in the old 
Town Book cease : 

M(>DEIiAT01vS. 

1846, William I. James. 1847 to 1855, inclusive, 
Aaron B. Irons. 1856 to 1861, inclusive, Washington Mc- 
Kean. 

TOWN CLERKS. 

1846 to 1855, inclusive, James Gulick. 1856 — John 
J. Irons. 1857 8 — Benjamin F. Aumack. 1859 — David 
J. Bowers. 1860— Emanuel H. Wilkes. 1861— Joseph 
Lawrence. 

The record of cattle marks and of estrays in the old 
Dover Town Book gives the names of many old residents 
not found elsewhere in the book, and in some cases, the 
parts of the township where they resided. 

NAVESINK. 



The following description of the Navesink lands was 
written March 4, 1650, by Secretary Van Tieuhoveu, of 
New Amsterdam, and sent to Holland : 

" In the bay of the North river, about two leagues 
from Sandy Hook, lies an inlet or small bay ; on the 
south shore of said bay called Neyswesincks, there is 
also right good maize lands which have not been culti- 
vated by the natives for a long time. This district is 



NAVESINK. 355 

well ad.ipted lor raisiug and feeding all sorts of cattle 
and is esteemed by many as not ill ada]3ted for fisheries ; 
a good trade in furs conld also be carried on there and 
'tis likewise accessible to all large yessels coming from 
sea which are often obliged to lie to or anchor behind 
Sandy Hcjok, either in consequence of contraiy winds or 
from want of a pilot." 

[Note. — Infcjrmation relatiye to taking up land in 
the form of colonies or priyate bouweries, N. Y. Col, 
Hist. yol. 1, p. 360. 1 

According to the familiar story of Penelope Stout, 
the first attempt to settle in Monmouth was about 1648, 
when llichard Stout and family, and tiye Dutch families, 
six in all, settled where Middletown now is and they 
remained there about five or six years when they were 
compelled to leaye on account of Indian troubles. 

In O'Callaghan's History of New Netherlands is a 
list of patents for laud granted by the Dutch between 
1630 and 1664 ; among them is one to Cornelius Van 
Werckhoyen, granted November 7, 1651, for " A Colonic 
at Neyisinks." In a letter from Werckhoyen to Baron 
Yon der Capellen, in Albany Records yol. 8, p. 27, he saj's 
the lands about Neyisinks and Raritan Kills had been 
purchased for him in 1649 and had not been allotted to 
him. Werckhoyen did not come to this country until 
1652. His agent in purchasing these lands was Augus- 
tine, or Augustus Heermans, a prominent citizen of New 
Amsterdam. As Heermans received directions in 1649 
from Werckhoyen, then in Utrecht, Holland, to purchase 
the lands, the presumption is that he had i)reyiously 
yisited the Navesink Indians and ascertained from them 
their willingness to part with the lands and on what 
conditions, and also that his object was to establish "A 
Colonie at Navesink." The time of his doing this must 
haye been about the time the Stout tradition says an 
effort Avas made to plant a colony at Middletown. 

Heer Werckhoyen came oyer to this countr}^ in 1652. 
His right to the lands was disputed by Baron Heudrick 
Yander Capellan, who alleged that he had previously 



356 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

bought lauds ou south side of the Raritau claimed by 
Werckhoveu aud the matter was referred to the Amster- 
dam Chambers ; their decisiou beiug adverse to Werck- 
hoveu, he theu directed his atteutiou to establishiug the 
settlemeut of New Utrecht ou Loug Islaud, uear Graves- 
eud. The first house put up iu New Utrecht was oue 
bj Jacob Swart, of Graveseud, who tore dowu his house 
at the latter place and removed it to the new settlement. 
Augustine Heermans had also purchased this land for 
Werckhoveu, aud it is evident that he must have been 
acquainted at Graveseud with the settlers, of whom, in 
1657, Richard Stout seems to have been one of the 
largest land owuers. 

In the " account of a voyage to Navesink'" in 1663, 
given in Brodhead's History of New York aud White- 
head's East Jersey, it is alleged that an attempt to 
purchase lauds in Monmouth of the Navesink Indians in 
1663 was made by a party of twenty Englishmen from 
Graveseud, L. I., among whom it names John Bowne, 
James Hubbard, Jolm Tilton, Samuel Speer, Thomas 
Whitelock, Sergeant Richard Gibbons, and Charles 
Morgan. This account indicates that the English party 
were at that time acquainted along the shores of the 
Raritan Bay and around in by the Highlands. 

It is stated iu Brodhead's History of New York 
that in the year 1650 an effort was made to induce Baron 
Hendrick van de Capellau of Ryssell and several Amster- 
dam merchants to form an association for the coloniza- 
tion of Staten Island and its neighborhood aud a shi}) 
was fitted out, but the expedition proved a failure. But 
an ageut of Van Capellau, named Dericklagen, shortly 
after purchased for him lauds " ou the south side of the 
Raritan river"; oue reason alleged for this purchase was 
that it Avould tend to the better security of a colony 
planted on Staten Island. Tliis Avas probably in 1651. 
During the same 3'-ear Augustus Heermans purchased 
for Cornelius Van Werckhoveu, an influential member of 
the provincial government of Utrecht, a tract also " on 
the south side of the Raritan opposite Staten Islaud." 



EARLY NAVIGATORS. 357 

EARLY NAVIGATORS. 



lu speaking of early uavigators, Rev. John Howard 
Hintou, iu the Hist, of the United States, says : " It is a 
circumstance too remarkable to he unnoticed, that 
England, Spain and France all derived their transatlantic 
possessions from the science and energy of Italian navi- 
gators, although not a single colony was ever planted in 
the newly discovered continent by the inhabitants of 
Italy. Columlnis, a Genoese, acquired for Spain a coloni- 
al dominion great enough to satisfy the most craving 
ambition ; but reaping no personal advantage from his 
labors, excepting an unprofitable fame, after having been 
ignominiously driven from the world he had made known 
to Europeans, he died in poverty and disgrace. Cabot, 
a Venetian, sailing iu the service of England, conferred 
on that nation a claim, the magnitude and importance of 
which he never lived to comprehend. Verazzani, a 
Florentine, explored America for the benefit of France ; 
but sailing hither a second time for the purpose of 
establishing a colony, he perished at sea." 

One account of Verazzani states that he landed at 
some place not named with some of his crew and was 
seized by the savages and killed and devoured in the 
presence of his companions on board, who sought in 
vain to give assistance. Such was the fate of the navi- 
gator who gave us the first notice of the harbor of New^ 
York and adjacent territory. 

In that noted ancient work, " Hakluyt's Voyages," 
(vol. 3, p. 7,) is a statement from Cabot as follows : "When 
my father left A^enice to d^vell in England to follow the 
trade of merchandise, he took me wdth him to the Citie 
of London, while I was very young, yet having neverthe- 
less some knowledge of letters and humanitie and of 
the Sphere. And when my father died in that time 
Avhen news were brought of Don Christopher Columbus, 
Genoese, had discovered the coasts of India, whereof 
was great talk in all the court of Henry VII, who then 
reigned, insomuch that all men with great admiration 



358 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

affirmed it to be a tiling" more divine than human to sail 
by the West into the East, where spices grow, by a map 
that never was known before, by this same and report, 
there increased in my heart a great tlame of desire to 
attempt some notable thing." 

The following extract is from page (>, vol. 3, of same 
work : 

" In the yere of Our Lord, 1497, John Cabot and his 
Sonne Sebastian (with an English fleet set out from 
Bristol), discovered that land which no man before this 
time had attempted, on the twenty-fourth of June, about 
five of the clock earl}' in the morning. This land he 
called Prima Vista, that is to say First Seen, because I 
suppose it was that part whereof they had the first sight 
from the sea. That island which lieth out before the 
laud, he called the Island of St. John, upon which occa- 
sion, as I think, because it was discovered upon the day 
of St. John the Baptist." 

The probability is that Cabot sailed northwest a few 
weeks until his progress was arrested by fioating icebergs, 
when he shaped his course to the southwest and soon 
came in sight of the shore, namad by him Prima Vista, 
and generally believed to be some part of Labrador or 
New Foundland. Thence he steered northward again to 
the sixty-seventh degree of latitude, where he was 
obliged to turn back by the discontent of his crew. He 
sailed along the coast in search of an outlet, as far as the 
neighborhood of the Gulf of Mexico, when a mutiny 
broke out in the ship's company, in consequence of which 
the further prosecution of the voyage was abandoned. 
Some accounts state that Cabot reached England with 
several savages and a valuable cargo while other writers 
assert that he never landed. It is certain he did not 
attempt any conquest or settlement in the countries he 
discovered. And this is the substance of Cabot's dis- 
coveries, on which England based her claim. 



^-^ 



rnU^HASEKS (IK SHARES OF LAND. B59 

PURCHASERS OF SHARES OF LAND. 



A list of tlio uames of the purchasers of Newasiuk, 
Narumsimk auil Pootapeek, Avho each purchased one 
share of land, except seven persons, who purchased from 
two to four shares each. 

(Note: — The names are here arranged alphabetically 
for convenience of reference :) 

John Allen and Robert Taylor, Christopher Allmey, 
Job Allmey, Stephen Arnold, James Ashtfm, Benjamin 
Borden, Richard Borden, John Bowne, John Bowne, F. 
L., James Bowne, William Bowne, Gerrard Bourne, 
Francis Brindley, Nicholas Browne, Joseph Bryer, 
Henry Bull, Robert Carr, George Chute, Walter Clark, 
Thomas Clifton, William Codington, Joshua Coggeshall 
(see Daniel Gould), John Coggshall, Edward Cole, 
Joseph Coleman, John Cooke, Nicholas Davis, (2) Thomas 
Dimgan, Peter Eassou, (Eastou), Roger Ellis and^son, (2) 
Gideon Freeborn and Robert Hazard, Zachary Gant, 
Richard Gibbons, William Giti'ord, Daniel Gould and 
Joshua Coggeshall, Ralph Gouldsmith, James Grover, 
John. Hance, John Haundell, Thomas Hart, Tobias Han- 
son. Samuel Holeman, Jonathan Holmes, Obadiah 
Holmes, John Horabin, Robert Hazard (see Gideon 
Freeborn,) William James, John Jenkins, Henry Lippett, 
James Leonard, Richard Lippencott, (4) Mark Lucar, 
Richard Moor, George Mount, Edward Pattison, Thomas 
Potter, William Reape, (2) Richard Richardson, John 
Ruckman, Wm. Shaberly (Shackerly?) William Shaddock, 
Nathaniel Silvester, (2) Richard Sissell, Edward Smith, 
John Smith, Samuel Spicer, Benjamin Speare, Robert 
Story, (2) Richard Stout^ Edward Tartt, Robert Taylor 
(see John Allen,) John Tomson, John Throckmorton, 
Edward Thurston, Nathaniel Tomkins, John Towusend, 
AValter Wall, Eliakim Wardell, Marmaduke Ward, George 
Webb, Robert West, Bartholomew West, John Wilson, 
Thomas Winterton, John Wood, Emanuel Woolley, 
Thomas Whitlock. 



360 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

TOWNSHIPERS. 



The names of such as are entered as township men: 
John Bird, Bashan, Thomas Cox, Daniel Estill, 
James Grover, Jr., William Gould ing, John Hall, Randall 
Huet, Sr., Randall Huet, Jr., Barth (?) Lippencott, Ed- 
mund Laphetres, William Lawrence, William Layten, 
Francis Masters, Henr}' Perey, Anthony (?) Page, Richard 
Sadler, William Shearman, Samuel Spicer, John Stout, 
Job Throckmorton. 

The settlement with William Reape, James Grover, 
John Tilton and others in July, 1670, gives the names only 
of those who were considered first purchasers ; it does not 
include the names of all who had settled in the coanty 
at that date. In the othce of the Proprietors of East Jer- 
sey, at Perth Amboy, is a list of persons who took the 
oath of allegiance in 1668 ; this list is also given in the 
first volume of New Jersey Archives. And this does not 
give the names of all settlers, as all would not subscribe 
to the oath presented by the Proprietors ; and only two 
are named at Middletown. But it contains some names 
not found in the settlements above named. The list is as 
follows : 

THE OATH OF ALLEGIANCE 



TAKEN BY THE INHABITANTS OF NAYESINK, 1668. 

" Christopher AUmy, Peter Parker, George Chute, 
Nicholas Brown, Edward Patterson, George Hulett, Jo- 
seph Parker, Lewis Mattox, Jacob Cole, Gabriel Kirk, 
Jose})li Huit, John Slocum, Samuel Shaddock, Thomas 
Wright, Thomas Wanrite, John Havens, Bash Shamgun- 
gue, Edmund La Fetra, John Hall, Robert West, Sr., 
Robert West, Jr., Abraham Brown, William Newman, 
Francis Masters. 

The Names of the lnhal)itai)ts of Middletown u})()n 
Navesiuk that doe subscribe to the oath of alleu-iance to 



FIRST PURCHASERS. 



361 



the King and fi< lelity to the Lords Proprietors. And the 
oath is tiiis, that yon and any of yon will bare, &c. 

James GRoyER, 
John Bowne." 
In the list as copied in New Jersey Archives, the 
name of Thomas Wainwright is erroneously given as 
Thomas Wansick ; the co])y at Perth Amboy has it 
Thomas Wanrite, which was meant for Thomas Wain- 
right, who was a settler at the time. 

FIRST PUECHASERS. 



The following persons named among first pur- 
chasers, did not settle in Monmouth, though members of 
the families of most of them came here : 

Job Almy, Richard Borden, Samuel Borden, Gerrard 
Bourne, John Bowne of Flushing, L. I., Francis Brinley, 
Joseph Bryer, Henry Bull, Walter Clarke, Thomas Clif- 
ton, William Codington, Joshua Coggeshall, John Cooke, 
Nicholas Davis, Thomas Dungan, Peter Easton (or 
Esson), Gideon Freeborne, Zachary Gauntt, AYilliam 
Gilford, Daniel Gould, Ralph Gouldsmith, Thomas Hart, 
Samuel Holeman, Obadiah Holmes, John Horndell, Wil- 
liam James, John Jenkins, James Leonard, Mark Lucar, 
Thomas Moor, William Shackerly, Benjamin Speare, 
Nathaniel Silvester, Robert Story, John Tilton, Nathaniel 
Tomkins, Edward Thurston, Marmaduke Ward, George 
Webb, Edward AVharton. 

William Goulding, one of the patentees, remained at 
Gravesend until IfiOo, when he sold out there and it is 
supposed that then in his old age he came to Monmouth 
to live with relatives. 

William Reajje, another ])atentee, died in 1<)7(>; his 
widow and children settled in Monnujuth. 

SETTLFUS OF MIDDLETOWN. 



The Town Uook of Old Middletown, in its first entry 
dated DeciMuber iJO, lOOT, shows that the home lots laid 



362 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIEK, 

out in Middletovvu were thirty-six iu u amber aud in order 
from one to thirty-six and allotted as follows: 

John Ruckman, Edward Tartte, John Wilson, Walter 
Wall, John Smith, Richard vStout, Eichard Gibbons, 
Thomas Cox, Jonathan Holmes, George Mount, William 
Cheeseman, Anthony Page, Samuel Holeman, William 
Laiton, William Compton, James Grover, Steven Arnold, 
Samuel Spicer, John Stout, Obadiah Holmes, Benjamin 
Denell, Job Throckmorton. James Ashton, John Throck- 
morton, William Goulding, W^illiam Reape, Edward 
Smith, John Bowne, Benjamin Burden, Samuel Spicer, 
William Lawrence, Daniel Estall, Robert Jones, Thomas 
Whitlock, Richard Sadler, James Grover. 

Out-lots were also surveyed, numbered aud granted 
to the settlers, and the lot given fco each one entered in 
the Town Book. 

The lots at Portland Point, at or near Highlands, 
were awarded in regular order as follows : 

John Horaben, James Bowne, Richard Richardson, 
Randall Huet, 8r., Henry Percy, John Bird, Randall 
Huet, Jr., William Bowne, Wdliam Shackerly. 

RECORD OF CATTLE MARKS AND ESTRAYS. 



The record of cattle marks and of estrays in the old 
Dover Town Book gives the names of many old residents 
not found elsewhere in the book, and in some cases the 
parts of the township where they resided. 

The cattle marks of the following persons were 
recorded : 

Francis Letts, 1783, Gabriel Woodmansee, 1783, 
John Grant, 1783, subsequently transferred to James D. 
Wilbur, David Woodman, 1783, transfered to Jesse 
Woodmansee, 1799, Job Chamberlain, 1873, Samuel 
Woodmansee, 1783, Thomas Woodmansee, 1784, James 
Bird, 1784, Elias Anderson, 1784, Edward Wilbur, 1784, 
James Allen, 1785, John Chadwick, 1785, subsequenth- 
taken l)y William Chadwick, Abiel Aldus, 1785, David 
Imlay, 1785, William Johnson, 1787, Daniel Johnson, 



RErOIiT) OF CATTI.F. MAKKS AND E8TRAYS. '.]{')?> 

1788, Edward Fliu, 1788, Pattersou AVorth, 1788, Aaron 
Cliamberlaiu, 1788, William Wilboiir, 1788, James Irons, 
1788, aeor<re Cook, 1788, Levi Piatt, 1788, Jolm Wil- 
bour, 1789, Jolin Patten, 1789 (179G?), B3ujamin (luv- 
bersou, 1789, Tliomas Bird, 1789, William WooUey, 1790, 
Nathaniel Dickenson, 1790, John Millar, 1790, Enoch 
Potter, 1791, James Chamberlain, 1797, Abraham Piatt, 
1791, John Belong, 1795, Elihn Chadwick, 1791, Isaac 
Perce, 1791, Joshua Frasee, 1793, Green Worth, 179H, 
Peter Stout, 1793, John Irons, 1791, William Gifford, 1791, 
James Fitzgerald, 1795, Joseph Piatt, 1795, John Russell, 

1796, Joseph Applegate, 179(), Joseph Eicliards, 1796, 
William Applegate, 1796, John Piatt, 1796, William 
Chamberlain, 1796, John Woi-th, 1797, Daniel Stout, 1797, 
Jacob Jetiery, 1798, Jesse Jeiierj, 1798, Jacob Applegate, 
1798, Benjamin Lawrence, 1800, taken by Edwin Jackson, 
1822, G.issbertGibeson, 1800, Joseph Waers, 1801, William 
King, 1801, Samuel Brindley, 1801, Zebedee Collins, 1802, 
John Havens, Jr., 1802, Warren Attison, 1803, William 
Haj'wood, 1803, Ambrose Jones, 1803, Francis Jeffery, 1809, 
John Yannote, 1810, Joseph Lawrence, 1810, Isaac 
Gulick, 1813, William Hulse, 1813, William I. Imlay, 1814, 
Jacob Stout, 1814, AYilliam B. Amacks, 1818, taken by 
Dillon AVilbur, 1846, David Hilliard, 1819, Daniel Rogers, 
1822, Josiah Brand, 1823, Abraham O. S. Havens, 1823, 
Moses Achor, 1824. 

The following persons recorded estrays : 

John Richardson, 1794, Robert McElvey, 1791, Edward 

AVilbur, Isaiah Hopkins, 1794, John Babcock 1795, Timothy 

Page, 1795, Patrick Rogers, 1795, John Piatt, Jr., 1796, 

Thomas Luker, 1796, Isaac Rogers, William Polhemus, 

1797, John Millars, Toms River, Samuel Havens, AYilliam 
E. Imlay, Toms River, Jacob Tiltou, Kettle Creek, Mat- 
thew Howel, John Rogers, Bartholomew Applegate, near 
Ridge way's Mill, 1798, Peter Gulick, 1800, Enoch Jones, 
1804, Peter Jaquiss, Toms River, Jacob Applegate, Jr., 
Abraham AYooUey, 1807, Margaret Bird, 1809, James T. 
Newell, John Pattens, 1813, JohnAYilbur,Ebenezer Apple- 
gate, 1813, Job Lemmon,Sr., 1.S14, JesseRogers, 1815, John 



36-i HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Bowkei', Paul Potter, Joliu Cornlin, 1818, Elizabeth Piatt, 
1819, James Irons, Kettle Creek, John Letts, south side 
Cedar Creek, 1820, James Blake, Dover Forge, Yincent 
Hires, Joseph Johnson, 1822, John B. Applegate, James 
S.Reynolds, David Jones, Kettle Creek, 1823, Henry Run- 
yon, 1824, Garret Irons, Jr., 1825, William Williams, Dover 
Forge, I. Stackhouse, Dover Furnace, Jonathan Lewis, 
1827, Jesse E. Piatt, Isaac Fielder, John Branson, for 
Samuel G. Wright, Dover Furnace, 1828. 

GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX 



TO MANUSCRIPT COPY SURVEYS, OCEAN COUNTY. 
.A- 

Applegate's brook, 10 ; Applegate's creek empties into 
Manchester Cove, 37 ; Applegate's mill, 32 ; Applegate 
Eberner's old sawmill (1761) near Alirm. Schenck's, 
on a branch Kettle creek, 24 ; Arney's Cedar swamp 
on Wrangle, 13 ; Arney and Cleggs' swamp (Hurri- 
cane ?), 17 ; Allison, Benjamin, house Forked River, 
between Middle and South Branches (1770), 26; 
Allison, Robert, house, south side Toms River, 35; 
Allen's old sawmill, 33 ; Allen's old gristmill, 33 ; 
Allen, James, tavern (1825), 54 ; Allen, James, saw- 
mill (1800), 39; Allen, James, gristmill, 39. 

Berds, William, house, 27-52 ; Birds, John, 21-42 ; Bow- 
als, Garret, wigwam, 8 ; Bennet's Run, 19 ; Ben's 
Bridge, 31 ; Black's Brook, 10, 15, 18 ; Black's Swamp, 
38 ; Borden's Brook, 8-9 ; Borden's Run, 23 ; Bare 
Swamp (Obhonon 9), 11 ; Bear Park Island in Black 
Swamp, 38; Beaver Dam, Black's Brook, 15; Old 
Beaver Dam, 15; Bonnell, Edw., Swam}), 17-21 ; Bar- 
tholomew's Branch, 34. 
c? 

Cedar Creek. Cedar Creek that empties into Metete- 
cunk, 11 ; C^edar ]3ridge Creek, near Metetecunk, 33 ; 
Calf Creek 1775; 1801, 28-39; Cold Spring, Cold 
Spri)ig Run crosses road from Toms River to Cross- 



GEOGUAPHICAL INDEX. ■> i ) 

wicks, 19; Coward's Ford, or Deer Ford, above 
Scheuck's mill, 3-i ; Cournsliauiiock, 13; (near Hur- 
ricane ?) Cougasee Branch, 29 ; Congasee Pond, 29 ; 
Cabin Creek, Cabin Branch, Cabin Brook, 29 ; Cabin 
Brook, (John Pierce's), 23; also called Pole Bridge 
Branch, 16 ; also called John Pierce's Branch, 16 ; 
Cowan's Branch of Kidgway, (13?), Crosswicks 
Creek, New Egypt; Cay Creek, Oyster Creek, 6-9; 
Cox <k Mead's sawmill. Oyster Creek, 24; Collins' 
Zeb. 27-37 mill, 44-7, 55 ; Cube Run, 41-2 ; Cum- 
berland Neck (on largest map) l)etween Borden's Run 
and next Branch south ; Cumberland (Shataquohong) 
8-23 ; Clayton, (Asher), Swamp, 9. 

I> 
Davenport Branch, 12 ; Davenport Tavern Branch, (1750) 
13; Daniels' Branch, Cedar Creek; Dr. Johnson's 
Long Swamp, 24; Dr. Johnson's Island, Dillon's 
Island, (1761) 24-28 ; Delongs, 41 (42?) ; Deer Pond, 
(Davenport ? ) 22. 

^ / 

Elisha's Branch, Emley's grist mill (1792 1 on Jake's 

Branch, 32; Eagle Point, Toms River, 27; Eastwood's 

sawmill, Cedar Creek, 9; (old sawmill 15) Elbow 

Brook, or Lyells' sawmill branch, 16-18 ; Evering- 

ham sawmill (1750), 15-26; Eiuley Saml's Swamp Z' 

(Black Creek ?), 16. 

IF 

Fishing or Kettle Creek, 12-26 ; French's Swamp, near 
Hurricane, 13 ; Forked Branch, Hurricane ; Fcu-ked 
Branch, Dene's Mill ; Forked Gully, on north branch 
Toms River, a little above Dene's Mill, 35 ; Factory 
Branch, Cedar Creek ; Fagan, (Philip,) house, 8 ; 
Federah Furnace, 33-7-8; Folly Dam Branch, 34. 

Gr 

Grassy Hollow, on Toms River, 35 ; (roodwater, Green 
Branch (Wrangle ?), Green Branch Kettle Creek, 33; 
Gauntt's Branch, head Rancocus; Goodluck Road. 
(1750), 14, (17(51), 22; Grave, The 21 ; Gumbertson, 
Ben., sawmill, 37 8; Gulick's sawmill, (Obhoncm), 
43 ; Graiidin's Follv, 19, (on Bennett's Run?) 



366 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Hurricane Branch, Hui-ricane Swamp, Hurricane Woods, 
25 ; Harris Branch, Hakamaha, S ; Half-Way Daven- 
port, 16; Hohues & Robins' sawmill, 32; Homer, 
Joshua, (1762) sawmill, (Riclgway's) 24; Hickory 
Tavern, 37 ; Hanover Furnace, Hulett's Swamp, 
(Cedar Creek?) 11 ; Hulett, Robert, (1748) dwelling 
Goodluck, 12-16 ; Hedding, Marcus, dam, (1748) 12 ; 
Holmes, D. and J., mill, (1766), 25; Daniel and John 
p. 27) ; On Sunken Branch, probably near where it 
emptied into Wrangle (1792), 32; Howell, Matthew, 
house, head north branch Mosquito Cove (1795), 34; 
Hellen, Joseph, field, now Van Nott's, between Kettle 
Creek and north branch Moscheto Cove (1796), 35. 
X 

Imlay, David, (1799) grist mill, 38; Jake's Branch, 38 ; 
Irish Branch to Davenport, 37 ; Irish Mills (Elisha 
Lawrence), 18; Indian Stage, 22 ; Indian Hill or Stone 
Hill, 34-6-9; Island Swamp, 15-18; Ivins, Caleb, 
(1792) sawmill, ;-51. 

a- 

Jones, Christopher, 41 ; Jack's Bridge over Pampshire, 
Jake's Branch (1761), 23; Jeffries' Branch of Jake's, 
31 ; Jeffries' Bridge, Joseph Lawrence's Swamp, 10 ; 
Johnson, Dr., Long Swamp, 14 ; Johnson, Dr., Island, 
14; Jacob's sawmill, (1760) 22. 
IS. 
Kettle Creek, 11-19-20; Kettle or Fishing Creek, 12-26; 
Kettle Creek, sawmill thereon, 11. 
Xj 

Lawn Swamp, Toms River; Long Swamp or Wegnae- 
mesee, 9, 10, 24 ; Dr. Johnson's Long Swamp, 14 ; 
Luker Daniel's house, 12 ; Luker's Ferry (1749) 12- 
18 ; Luker's Branch, Wrangle 22, Davenport, 17, 22, 
1 1-4 miles from Tom's River, 22 ; Luker's Bridge, 
over Davenport, 21 ; Luker, Thomas, house 29 ; 
Lyell's Saw Mill Brook or Elbow Branch, 16, 18 ; 
Longacoming, 25, above Schenck's Mill ; Lawrence 
(Jos.) Swam]) 10. 



UE()(ii;AI'HI('AL INDEX. 367 

Mill Creek or (^uail liuii ; Mamapuqua or Pacjua, 17 lU iJ, 
(1750) 15, 16, 26, 88, 40 ; Meteteconk Bridge (1761) 22'; 
Mirey Run, N. E. side X. E. braucli Tom's River, 11, 
runs into about Irish Mills (Largest map Ocean Co.); 
Maple Root, 9, 12, 1-1 ; Magonagasa C'reek falls into 
Success, 21; Millstone River, 9, 13; M(mtgomerv 
Bridge (12 V) over Davenport, 22; Mill Hill, Forked 
River (1751) 10,17; Moscheto Cove (1690) 17,34; 
Moscheto Cove, South Branch, 17 ; Moscheto Cove, 
Timothy Willett's house, 17 ; Moscheto Cove Creek, 
18 ; Morgan Branch or Gully, 23. 

JNT 

Naked Branch, Cedar Creek ; Xew England Branch, 27. 

o 

"Obhonon, 8-16 ; Oyster Creek or Cay Creek, 5, 9 ; Oyster 

Creek or Forked River, 8, 9 ; Old Hokomaha, 8. 

I* 

Paqua ; Pine Brook, 8, 15 ; Pampshear's Creek, 18, 34 ; 
32, 9, 41 ; Pumpshear's Branch, Moscheto Cove, 34- 
9;Pumpshear's S^vanJp, 37 (South side Moscheto, 39 ; 
Jack's Bridge Swamp, 39, (Is this the "Pompshire" 
of Smith's Hist. Indian Treat}'?) ; Pole Bridge Run, 
South side Success, opposite Pole Bridge Run, 12- 
16; Pole Bridge Branch of Tom-; River, or John 
Pierce's Branch, 16; Pole Bridge Branch head- 
water of Raucocus in Manchester (37); Pas- 
conassa or Salter's Swamp, 10 ; -Potter's saw- 
mills, (1775) 28 ; Potter's Run, 8 ; Potter's Creek ; 
Polhemus' Landing, (1795j 35 ; Polhemus' saw-mill, 
(1800) 39 ; John Pierce's tract, 12 ; Pierce's Cabin 
Brook, 23 ; Pine Tavern, 37 ; Phillips' Road, (1749)13 ; 
Pangburn's Mill (1753) 18-29. 

Ridgeway or South Branch of Tom's River ; Randolph 
Branch, Cedar Creek, 29 ; Round Swamp or Mana- 
paqua, 9 ; Riding Over Place, 9-10 ; Reedy Island, 
38 ; Reedy Creek, near Kettle Creek, probably Met- 
eteconk Neck, 38 ; Runnells, James, house South side 



368 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Metetecoiik; Eidgway's saw-mill (1788) 31-28 ; Raii- 
clolpli — Randall's saw-mill, 32. 

South Riiu of Tom's River, below Sutton's Cabin, 38-41; 

Stone Figure (1790) 37 ; Stone Hill or Indian Hill, 

34^6; South Branch Tom's River, 38 ; Success Mill, 

12 (probably Edward Beake's); Success Dwelling 

House, 16 ; Success Mill Brook, 10 ; Slab Branch of 

Toms River, (32?); Slab Bridge Run, South of 

Toms River, 32, 38, 40-3 ; Sunken Branch, Toms 

River, of Wrangle 32 ; Sliamoe, (Branch of Ridgway ;) 

Shataquchong or Cumberland (or Borden's Run?) 

Salter's Swamp on Hurricane, 10 ; Salter's Swamp, 

Black's brook, 19 ; Sloop Creek, 10 ; Starkie's Cedar 

Swamp, [Hurricane, I 11 ; Starkie's Cellar 11 ; 

Shreve's Swamp, Obhonon, 11 ; Schenck's Mill 

(1761) Toms River, 23-30; Schenck's house, 23; 

Schenck's Mill, Kettle Creek, 24 ; Schenck's saw-mill, 

formerly Applegate's, 32 ; Southard's Neck on 

Wrangle, 28. 

T 

Tice's Bridge, 33 ; Tice's Brook, 33 ; Tice Van Horn's 

Brook; Tice's Landing, Forks Toms River, 42; 

Tunes' Brook and Creek (1790)38-9; Tilton's saw;, 

mill, 18. 

XJ 

Union Branch ; Union saw-mill, 32 38 ; Union Brook that 
falls into Wrangle, 18 [? ]• 
XT- 
Van Horn's Brook, [1752] 18 ; Van Horn's (Matthew) Mill 
[17521 18; Van Horn, old mill, [1795] 33 ; Van Horn 
[Tice] Bridge and Branch, 33; Van Horn |Mat.l 

Bridge 1 1760 1 22. 

'SJS7' 

Wrangle Creek [1750 1 13 ; Webb's Mill (1796) 36; Webb's 
Mill Branch ; Weguaemesee or Long Swamp, 9 ; 
White Oak Hollow, South side Toms River road to 
Gen. Mounts, 14 ; White Oak Bottom ; Wires' | Tim- 
othy] [1764 1 saw-mill brook, 23 ; Williams, John, saw- 
mill 1 1755 1 19. 



EARIA' SnnEYS IN OCEAN COUNTY. oGO 

IT 
Yaukee Bridf^e | Davenport | 22 ; Yetmaii, Joliii, -iO. 

Zeb. Collins, 27-37. 

EARLY SURYEY8 IX OCEAN COUNTY. 



It is evident that not long after Middletown and 
Shrewsbury were settled, explorations were made in be- 
half of the proprietors in what is now Ocean County, 
particularly of land along the seaboard and Barnegat 
Bay. In 1685, the Governor and proprietors, from their 
office in London, issued "Instructions concerning setting 
out of Land," in which they say : 

YI. That wherever there is a convenient plot of laud 
lying together containing twenty-four thousand acres, as 
we are informed will more especially be at Barnegat, it 
be divided and marked into twenty-four parts, a thousand 
acres to each propriety, and the parts l)eing made as equal 
as can be for quality and situation ; the first comers 
})resently settling, are to have the choice of the division, 
and where several stand equal in that respect upon equal 
terms and time of settling, it be determined by lot. ■ And 
that such properties as are in the rights of minors or 
Widows, which as by accident may want proxies, or be 
ignorant of things there, may not be prejudiced, and yet 
such plots may not remain unsettled, the Deputy Gover- 
nor and Commissioners are allowed to let small parts in 
the chief places of settlement, upon the shares of such 
proprietors at some small fee per annum to poorfamilies, 
not exceeding fifty acres to a family to secure the 
quantity." 

In old patents and surveys, all the water from Little 
Egg Harbor to the head of the bay near Manasquan was 
called Barnegat Bay and the land adjoining was often 
called Barnegat. 

The following is a list of early surveys in what is 
no nv Ocean county. The large tracts were for prt)i)rie- 
tary rights. The smaller tracts were what were called 



t 



370 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

"headlands." As previously stated, the pi'oprietors, iii 
their grants and concessions, agreed to give to actual set- 
tlers a certain number of acres for each head in the 
family ; to each man 120 acres ; to his wife 120 acres ; to 
each child 90 or 60 acres, etc. The settler could take 
this land all in one body or part in one place and part in 
another. 

EEV. WILLIAM MILLS. 



AN OLD MONMOUTH PREACHER AND A HERO OF THE WAR. 

The following sketch of Mr. Mills is by Eev. George 
A. Raybold, author of Methodism in West Jersey, whose 
ministrations in Ocean and Monmouth counties some fifty 
years ago ars favorably rainstnbered by many old citizens. 

" Mr. Mills was a native of Monmouth, of Quaker 
descent. The fire of patriotic feeling induced him, 
Quaker as he was, in 177G, to enter the American army 
in which he' became an officer. He was taken prisoner 
by the British and was sent, after being changed from 
one vessel to another, to the West Indies. At length he 
was carried to Europe, fiom whence at the close of the 
Avar, he returned home and again settled in New Jersey. 
About the year 1792 the Methodist preachers came into 
the region of country where he resided. His wife soli- 
cited him to hear them, but he resisted, stating his belief 
that he had been so wicked his day of grace Avas past. 
By a remarkable dream he was at length couAdnced that 
there Avas mercy for him. He then attended the means 
of grace, until as he sought the Lord Avith all his heart, 
he soon found peace. He became a member of the first 
class formed in the vicinity of Shrewsbury in Monmouth, 
^oon after, he began to exhort others and was appointed 
class leader; and in the spring of 1799 he was received 
into the traveling connection. His labors as an itiner- 
ant began on Milford circuit, Delaware, from whence he 
Avas sent to various places and finally returned to Jersey. 

In 1813 he was sent to Freehold, the place of his 
nativity and the first field of his Christian efibrts. The 



A REMARKA15LE INDIAN. 371 

soldier avIio had faced death at the caimou's mouth on 
the hiud and (-)u the sea, dow, as his end approached, iu 
reality ft.lt uo fear. He had a presentimeDt of his deatk 
aud told his wife that "death seemed to follow him 
everywhere." His zeal in religious matters increased. 
The last time he left home he gave his wife suudry 
directious and advice in case he should die. He started 
as well as usual, and tilled all his a]ipointments, preach- 
ing most fervently until a short tinie before his death. 
On the fourth of December he left Long Branch, met 
class, and then returned to Mr. Lippencott's at the 
Branch. On Sunday morning he Avent into a room in 
Mr. Lippencott's to prepare for the service in the church, 
Avhich was to commence at half-past ten o'clock. The 
congregation was then collecting and the family, think- 
ing he stayed too long in the chamber, sent in to know 
the cause and found him fallen in a fit of apoplexy, 
almost deprived of sense. After a time he revived a 
little and on being asked if they should send for medical 
aid he replied: "The Lord is the best physician." At 
about twelve o'clock the stupor and other unfavorable 
symptoms returned ; he lingered until about six the next 
morning and then peacefully departed for a world of 
rest. 

In the year lSl-2, the year previous to Mr. Mills 
being sent to preach in Freehold circuit, the number of 
members embraced in the charge was seven hundred 
and tliirtv-six. 



A REMAKKABLE INDIAN. 



The following is an additional Avell-autheuticated 
account of that noted Indian character, Indian Will, 
originally furnished to the Shore Press : 

They sleep together; their ancient hulls niolder away. Cihosts are 
seen there at noon ; the valley is silent, and the people shun the T)lace of 
Lamor. -OA-,s/rt?i',s War of Oiros. 

Long, long years ago, when this section of country 
bordering on the Atlantic ocean Avas one continuous wild 



372 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

waste, with nothiug save stinted piues and scrub oak to 
greet the eye of the unfortunate wanderer who might be 
traveling this way, there was a kind of half civilized 
Indian, who lived at Indian Field, at the head of Shark 
River, and was known to the inhabitants around as 
Indian Will. His old cabin was a half civilized looking 
affair, composed of mortar, stone, logs, and hides, the lat- 
ter formerly covering the animals that were so unfortu- 
nate as to fall beneath the fatal point of his index finger 
— for legend has it that Will was gifted with a strange 
power ; whenever an animal or fowl became the object of 
his desire all he had to do was to point at it with his 
index finger, and the same would fall dead, as if stricken 
by a bullet or a fiint-headed arrow. 

According to Indian fashion. Will was a married 
man ; his sqiiaw came, so it is said, from the western 
section of New Jersey, and like himself, was from the 
old Delaware tribe of Indians, whose early history is 
enshrined in quite a halo of glory. Will was, despite his 
half civilized life, a true Indian, possessing all the 
stoicism of his race, and the same iudiflereuce to the 
taking of human life, when jt in any wa}^ conflicted with 
his whims. Hannah, like all Indian wives, of the two — 
she and her husband — had the hardest time of it. She 
dressed the game and cleaned the fish, and, in fact, did 
all the work there was to be done in and around the 
cabin, while her lord and master, Indian Will, was off on 
fishing excursions, or in the forest of stinted pines, point- 
ing his finger at a limping rabbit, opossum, or quail, as it 
chanced to be. 

One day Indian Will was out on a hunting expedi- 
tion, and left Hannah, who was sick with the measles, to 
get along the best she could in the lone cabin. In a 
little patch just back of the cabin Will had managed to 
get up sufiicient gumption to plant some beans, and at 
the time to which we refer they were ripe and ready for 
picking. As I said just back, Hannah had the measles ; 
her appetite was not of that kind that made what she 
had been eating heretofore palatable ; she hardly knew 



' A REMARKABLE INDIAN. 373 

what she did want ; she hankered after something, and in 
an unfortunate moment her eyes rested on the beans ; 
they were just what she wanted ; so, without caring, or 
at least heeding the consequences, she picked them and 
put them in the iron pot in company with a bit of 
opossum. The fire was soon bhiziug on the rude hearth, 
over which hung the sooty crane, from which was pen- 
dant the iron pot containing the beans and opossum. 
Hannah ate heartily of the savory dish, and the results 
w^ere, as far as her feelings were concerned, decidedly ben- 
eficial, but as far as her future welfare was concerned it 
was otherwise. The legend saitli nought of the extent of 
time Will was absent,but,at all events,when he returned he 
noticed, the first thing of all, that some one had been in 
his beau patch and annihilated all hopes of his anent the 
anticipated feast. Hannah was still under the influence 
of her pleasant repast when she was confronted b}- her 
infuriated lord. 

"AVho," he exclaimed, "has eaten my beans?" 

Poor Hannah, with a stoicism peculiar to her race, 
replied, "I did !" 

" Then you shall die," exclaimed her savage mate ; 
" I will drown you !" 

Poor Hannah made no reply, save a pantomimic one, 
which was the embodiment of resignation. 

Indian Will was unrelenting. He commanded his 
dusky spouse to direct her footsteps to the neighboring 
river, which was in full view of the cabin, and followed 
with strident gait close behind her. Arriving at the 
water's edge, he seized the unresisting offender, and, 
with apparent ease, plunged her head under the element. 
After holding her there for a number of minutes he 
drew her head out, when she gave a few gasps, indicating 
that life was not extinct. Will again plunged her, as 
before, and when he again drew her out, poor Hannah 
was dead. The place where she was drowned is still 
known as Deep Hole. Neath a gnarled Avillow in the 
immediate neighborhood, he buried her, with her feet 
toward the West ; by her side he placed a pone of 



374 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Indian bread and some game, so that she might have 
something to eat while on her journey to the happy 
hunting ground. This being done, the savage went 
about his business, perfectly unconcerned, but in all 
probability pained somewhat to know that in the future 
he would have to be his own servant. Time passed on, 
I know not how many weeks it was, when Hannah's 
brothers began to wonder why they did not hear from 
her, or wdiy she did not pay them a visit, as it had been 
her wont in times passed. Among themselves they got 
to talking over the matter one day, when it was decided 
among them that the brother, who rejoiced under the un- 
Indian name of Jacob, should pay a visit to Indian Field 
and ascertain how matters stood. Jacob's journey was 
on foot, so it necessarily took him a number of days to 
accomplish the task. Arriving at Will's cabin, he found 
him just preparing some game for the appeasement of 
his gastric longings. 

Jacob was surprised — that is, in the sense that an 
Indian is sur])rised — to see the mate of his sister in such 
an ignoble occupation, and asked Will where Hannah 
wa'-'. 

" I drowned her," replied Will, " because she ate my 
beans." 

"She was ray sister," rejoined Jacob, "and it falls 
on me to avenge her death, so you must prepare to die. 
Let the struggle between us take place by yon bank, so 
that the same water that beheld Hannah's death may 
also witness thine." 

"Will Hannah's brother permit me to eat, and join 
with me in the feast, ere we embrace in the death 
struggle'?" 

" Be it so," replied Jacob, and both sat down and ate 
of the food, while their respective faces betrayed no 
signs of the ominous thoughts that were burdening their 
minds. 

During the repast not a word was spoken by either 
Will or Jacob. The ceremony was eventually over, 
when the two walked in single file. Will leading the way, 



A i;]',MAr.KAliLE INDIAN. 375 

until tliev came near to the place still designated as the 
Deep Hole ; here they stopped and for a moment stood 
face to face. Jacob was the first to move ; he rushed 
forward and in an instant they closed in on one another. 
The struijiile for mastery lasted for some time, but at 
last Will's foot came in contact with a stubble, and 
down he went, Avitli Jacob at the top ; the latter then 
pulled from his belt a long keen knife, with which he 
intended to fulfill his mission. Jacob had his victim, as 
it were, pinioned to the ground, and at his mercy, b^^t 
being, as it were, controlled by a s])irit of magnanimity, 
he said : 

"He who brought Hannah to an untimely end can 
now cast his eyes to the West, and for the last time gaze 
on the setting sun." 

Will availed himself of the opportunity, and when 
doing so, Jacob, thinkiag his victim secure, l)egan fumb- 
ling around his belt for a bit of Indian weed, for he 
became possessed with an irresistible desire to exercise 
his molars, and in an unguarded moment relieved his arm 
from confinement, and seizing a pine knot, dealt Jacob a 
powerful blow in the temple, and over he toppled, as 
lifelesss as a defunct herring. 

Having escaped from his ]ieril, Will arose from his 
late uncomfortable position, antl with a grunt of satisfac- 
tion gazed on the prostrate form of his would-be slayer. 
He did not take the trouble to bury his victim, but left 
him where he died, thinking the wild beast and buzzard 
could attend to the case better than he could. 

A number of days following the last mentioned fact 
some circumstances led Indian Will to pass by the spot 
where it occurred, when from some cause he fancied he 
heard the body snore, so he came to the conclusion that 
Jacob was only enjoying a long sleep, and fearing he 
might awake at any time and give him fiirther trouble, 
jumped several times on the body, and, finally, after sat- 
isfying himself that Jacob was dead, indifferently covered 
it with earth and leaves and passed on, and from all in- 
dications thought no more of it. 



376 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Will was an Indian, and so, for that reason, remorse 
was something that never bothered hira. The days 
went by as days before the late tragic event had done. 
He wandered through the echoing forests, and during 
moonlight nights he indulged in his favorite pastime of 
bringing down the opossum and coon by the pointing of 
his fatal linger. When not engaged in hunting he would 
linger around the old village inn or his secluded cabin, 
and revel in imaginary bliss by drinking the white man's 
firewater whenever he could get it. 

One day he was stretched out at full length, under 
the shade of a tree which stood b}^ his cabin ; he was not 
sleeping, bi^it evidently was taking his ease, when he was 
brought to a realization of imminent peril by the appear- 
ance of Jacob's three brothers, who from the fact of his 
not returning according to promise, led them to come in 
search of him, and also to inquire into the matter that 
was the cause of his journe}'. 

AVill made no effort to evade the questions that were 
addressed to him by the three brothers. He told them 
poor Hannah was dead ; that he drowned her because 
she ate his beans ; also that Jacob was dead ; contrary to 
his expectations, in a death struggle Jacob was the 
victim and not he. 

The three brothers heard the story, at the conclu- 
sion of which they in unison gave significant grunts, 
when one, who acted as spokesman, told Will his time 
had come, and that he must make himself ready for 
death. 

With evident resignation, Will told his brother that 
he was willing to die ; that life had ceased to possess its 
charms ; but he made one request, that was that they 
procure a gallon of firewater, so that they together might 
have a happy time before he took his final departure to 
join his poor Hannah in the land of the Great Spirit. The 
brothers assented to Will's request, the firewater was 
procured, and in the cabin of the condemned Will the 
ha})py times commenced. The brothers Avere not back- 
ward in drinking liberallv of the firewater, and iu due 



A REMARKABLE INDIAN. 377 

course of time were fully under its iuflueuce, and event- 
ually dropped, one after the other, into a drunken slum- 
ber. Will, in the meantime, tliough he begrudged the 
brothers the whiskey they drank, made up his mind that 
life was dearer than it, and so pretended to drink a great 
deal more than he actually did, and from all indications 
was as drunk as they were ; but when snoring on the part 
of the three avengers commenced, Will cautiously 
assumed a neAV role, and began business. Will procured 
a tomahawk, which was near at hand, and began the 
Avork of destruction. The brother who received the first 
attention evidently did not know who struck him, but the 
second one who was the recipient of the murderous blow 
was aroused to that extent that he was enabled to give 
birth to several unearthly sounds liefore he resigned his 
hold on life. The noise made by the expiring Indian 
aroused the third brother, and would have been the 
means of frustrating Will's plan, had not the hitter's dog 
dashed to the rescue ; he was a knowing canine, and 
seemingly comprehended the whole affair, for he seized 
the awakened Indian by the throat and held him in posi- 
tion until his master came forward and culminated his 
murderous plan. Will stood up in his cabin, and looking 
upon the bloody work he had accomplished, stoically 
said : " Poor Hannah's gone — four good brothers gone, 
too — all because poor Hannah ate my beans! Ugh!" 

Without much ado Will dragged the bodies of the 
defunct Indians out of his cabin, and at a spot a few rods 
distant gave them what he thought to be a proper burial. 
He then returned to his cabin and resolved himself into 
a committee of investigation to ascertain the quantity of 
whisky left for his consumption. > 

Following his last achievement Will came to the 
conclusion that poor Hannah's relatives would give him 
no more trouble. The months rolle*! by and he still con- 
tinued his life of hunting and fishing, but for some reason 
a kind of cloud seemed to hang over his life ; perhaps it 
was owing to the fact that Will's love for firewater 
increasfMl and interfered witli his success in o1)taining 



378 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

that which enabled him to purchase tlie " Oh, be joyful." 
Near Indian Field, in Will's time, there stood an inn, 
the like of Avhich were common in those days, where 
whiskey was uublushingly sold, for every one was privi- 
leged to become tipsy if he only possessed the neces- 
sary wherewithal. At the bar of this old inn, at the time 
to which I have a particular reference, Indian Will had 
become an habitual hanger-on ; he neglected his former 
occupation of hunting and fishing, and owing to this fact 
was frequently without means to purchase his favorite 
beverage. Will had already became a debtor to the inn- 
keeper, and so, when he asked for more whiskey on trust, 
he was flatly refused ; his only reply to the innkeeper's 
fiat was an habitual " Ugh!" and with the tread of of- 
fended dignity he strutted out of the room, and directed 
his course toward the beach. 

Whether Will's journey to the beach was for the 
purpose of philosophical meditation is a question that 
has never been fathomed ; at all events, to the beach he 
went, and with eyes directed toward the incoming waters 
proceeded to pace down shore, leaving his moccasin 
prints in the shimmering sand. Will had not proceeded 
far in his stroll when he discovered, much to his satisfac- 
tion, a number of pieces of shining metal half buried in 
the sand. He eagerly stooped down and picked them 
up, and, contrary to his expectations, they proved to be 
Spanish dollars. In these dollars Will saw visions of 
fire-water, and pushing his search still further, he was 
rewarded with a handful of the Spanish coin. Think- 
ing that the quantity of money in his possession was 
sufticient to purchase whiskey enough to satisfy his desire 
for days to come, he withdrew from the beach, and with 
a vigorous and consequential step directed his course 
toward the old inn. 

Will's entrance in the barroom was a source of sur- 
prise to those there congregated, avIio had so recently 
seen his departure, and their surprise was increased 
when he strutted up to the bar and threw thereon his 
handful of dollars, exclaiming at the same time: 



A EEMARKABLE INDIAN. 379 

" Now will you let Indiau Will have more wliiske}^? " 
The innkeeper surveyed with mingled greed and 
astonishment the profuse outpouring of that which was 
a scarcitv in the neighborhood and before- Will had time 
to again express his desire, took down the whiskey 
decanter and tumbler, and told him to help himself. 
Owing to Will's recent impecunious condition he had 
been without his usual portion for an uncommon long 
time, so the present occasion, so far as the magnitude of 
the potation was concerned, was an uncommon one. 
Ort'ing to the transformative qualities of the Avhiskey, 
Will's truculent demeanor gave away to one of a more 
aifable nature. Bo the innkeeper also assumed the 
affable, and, after he had safely stored away the Spanish 
dollars, persuaded Will to follow him into a private 
room, where lie underwent a cryptic examination. The 
result of the interview was simply this : Indian Will 
agreed to conduct the innkeeper to the beach and show 
him where the Spanish dollars were found. 

The innkeeper did not think it policy to go immedi- 
ately to the beach, and so retained Will in voluntary 
confinement for a while. One after another left the old 
hotel, until finally the guests were all gone. At last the 
two. Will and the innkeeper, started for the beach. 
Arriving at the spot where the coin was discovered they 
began searching for additonal treasures. As the waves 
receded the inakeep^r discovered a kind of iron chest, 
half buried in the sand. Fortunately the tide was fall- 
ino:, and enabled the treasure trove hunters to obtain 
possession of the trunk without much trouble. With 
their united strength they brought it high upon the shore, 
and a brief examination convinced the innkeeper that 
he had possession of the treasure box from which came 
the coin obtained by Indian Will. From the action of 
the elements, the box had been unjointed enough to 
enable the coin to escape. Suffice to say that the chest 
was, as soon as circumstances would allow, taken to the 
inn ,which upon examination proved to contain a princely 
sum of money in Spanish coins. 



380 HISTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

From the time of the discovery of the iron chest, 
the life of the innkeeper, or otherwise his mode of living, 
underwent a radical change. He soon relinquished his 
hostship of the inn and built a residence more to his 
liking in the immediate vicinity. The fact of the discov- 
ery of the treasure trove was in a measure a secret 
between the innkeeper and Indian Will. Of course there 
was a great deal of talk about the innkeeper's sudden 
rise in point of wealth ; there were surmises in reference 
to it, and they frequently fell little short of the mark ; 
in fact — ■ 

"Twus loug the talk of the ueighborhood 

The old innkeeper acquired considerable real estate, 
and this, when he had done with the things of earth, 
passed to his children, whose descendants to this day 
still dwell along the shore, and can thank the old ocean 
and Indian Will for whatever wealth they possess. 

Indian Will, after the find, ceased to live in his old 
cabin, and became a })art and parcel of the inn- 
keeper's household ; his wants were few, and were 
ungrudgingly provided by the innkeeper — the principal 
wants being tobacco and fire-water. 

Tradition has it that Indian Will had two half grown 
sons, who, like the ordinary urchins of our time, delight- 
ed in having to do with jiyrotechnics. They got hold 
of their father's powder horn one day and in some way 
ignited its contents ; it fiashed up and horribly disfigured 
both of their faces. Like the 8[)artans of old, Indian 
Will did not think it to their benefit, or to those perfecth' 
formed, for the young backs to continue longer on the 
face of the earth, so he killed them and buried them in 
Indian Field. Their names, so it is said, were Dick and 
Dave, and their moumls are still to l)e seen, as corrobo- 
rations of the tradition. 

Poor Hannah and lier brothers — if the stories of 
the credulous are worthy of serious attention — "ilid not 
sleep quietly in their graves." At intervals in the last 
fifty years, local gossips have said that durijig the moou- 
lii-'hted nii>-hts of autumn — about that stauo of the 



WAS chomwell's brotheh an eaiily settler. 381 

season's progress when the hue of decay has enstamped 
itself on tlie foliage of the forest, and the withered blades 
of corn rustle in the faintest breezes — they have seen the 
diaphanous forms of the unfortunates rise suddenh from 
the earth, float gracefully along for a distance, and as 
suddenly disappear. There is nothing traditionary that 
indicates that he who should have been was ever 
"haunted." According to the most authentic versions, 
the closing years of Will's life were in harmony with his 
plane of thinking; perfectly happy, he lived to a ripe 
old age, and died some seventy-five years ago, the last of 
his tribe, and was buried at Indian Field. Contrary to 
what should have been his just deserts, Indian Will, 
during the last of his career, "lived in peace, died in 
grease, and was buried in a pot of ashes." 

AVAS OLIVER CROMWELL'S BROTHER AX 
EARLY SETTLER OF MONMOUTH? 



A tradition handed down in some branches of the 
Crowell family in the United States that they descend 
from the noted Cromwell family of England, and that the 
name was changed by the first of the family who came 
to America, for fear of the persecutions which followed 
members of the family of the Protector. It seems evi- 
dent that some of the ancestors of the Crowell family 
were desirous of assuming a feigned name, for when 
they landed in Massachusetts they were first known by 
the name of Crowe, as may be seen by reference to Free- 
man's History of Cape Cod and other works, and the 
name of Crowe is found among the first settlers of Wood- 
bridge, N. J., as may be seen by reference to Daily's His- 
tory of Woodbridge. 

In the old Town Book of Middletown, pages 31-38 
and 57, an Edward Crome is named as having bought land 
in Middletown in 1(570 and as selling the same in 
1()71. The name of Crome is an unusual one and difii- 
cult to account for, and it is probable tliatit should liave 
been transcribed Crowe ; and that the person jueaiit was 



382 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Edward Crowe, Avliose name shortly after appears at 
AVoodbridge, N. J., with the Parkers and others who 
came from Massachusetts to that place. If this supposi- 
tion is correct, then it is probable that this man who was 
amono- the first settlers of Old Monmouth, w-as the one 
traditions allege to have been a brother of the noted 
Oliver Cromwell of England. 

Those familiar with English history will remember a 
tradition recorded that about 1G38 several ships bound 
for New England, on board of which were Oliver Crom- 
well, who was subsequently Protector, Pym Hampden, 
Haselrig and other leading Puritans, were stopped in the 
Thames by the King's orders and all the passengers for- 
bid leaving England. Some writers doubt the story, but 
Paxton Hood, in his life of the Protector, says the rumor 
seems to be too extended to be altogether unfounded. 
He thinks these patriots were actually on board the 
ships. This tradition points to the supposition that the 
King did not wish members of cartaiu families to leave 
England. And here comes in the reason why some mem- 
bers of the Cromwell family had to assume some other 
name that they might stand a chance to get to New Eng- 
land. This difficulty would not occur with the sons of 
Col. John Cromwell in Holland, for they could leave that 
country without trouble under their real name, and this 
will account for the John Cromwell at Woodbridge, N. J., 
who shortly removed to Westchester Co., N. Y. 

AN OLD IRISH PATENT OF NOPILITY. 



We copy below a curious document on parchment, 
some 88 years old. The writing is very beautiful, but the 
punctuation and use of capitals, Avhich we have given, 
exactly, seem regardless of rules. It is contained in a tin 
case, outside of which is a little box with lid ingeniously 
arranged. This once contained the seal, which Avas of 
'wax, and attached to the patent by a ribbon. It is a 
patent or right to wear a coat-of-arms, and is granted by 
" the King of Arms of Ireland," to the one Daniel 



AN OLD IRISH PATENT OF NOBILITY. »Ho 

Ckaney and his deceudauts forever. It was found in a 
garret of the Jacob Brown estate, of Matawan, l)y Mr. 
CoRTENius Wyckoff. At the top of the parchment, 
beautifully painted, are the escutcheons, or coat-of-arms, 
the one to the left is that of the King of Arms, or Herald, 
himself ; the one to the right shows the new iusignin 
granted to Craney. The one at the left has upon the 
scroll, underneath, the words, Arma Officeri' Ulsterl' 
Above this is the shield, the lower part occupied by a red 
cross on a golden ground or field. The upper part of the 
shield, on a red ground, has in the center a Lion passant, 
in gold, to its right is a golden portcullis, and to its left 
is the Irish harp in gold. Over the shield is the crest, so 
called, which is a crown of gold, with ermine and crimson 
satin; this is surmounted by a tbistle in gold. On the 
golden band of the crown is the motto Miserere Me. 
The new coat-of-arms is painted at the right upper 
corner of the patent. It is described in the patent which 
here follows : 

I'd bU and .lingular to whom the Presents shall come Siie 
^liicluster Jortcscuc ||Ut. :^|jlstfr King of Arms and Principal 
Herald of all Ireland sentleth ijuccting. 

3||l]crc.is Daniel Craney late of Portarlington in the 

Queens County and now of Fimchal in the Island of 
Maderia Gentleman has made application to me to grant 
unto him fit and proper Armorial Bearings. 

j[|uouj |)c tlierefore that I the said ||ll5tct In- virtue of 
the power and authorit}' to me given /)(J hj these 
presents Ijrant and ||onf'rm unto the said Daniel Craney the 
Arms following Viz't, 

"Argent on a mount vert an elephant i)roper, on a chief 

])er pale moks and jjcrt. in dextera crane proper, in sinister 



384 HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

a wolf rampant OR. for m^^i, an arm embowered vested 
^gurc cuffed Ijuks, holding a cutlass proper. ^nd for 
Ijotto Amor Proximi. 

i) he whole as above more clearly depicted to be borne 

and used by him the said Daniel Craney and his decend- 
ants forever according to the Laws of Arms. 

In i|jitne9§ whereof I hereunto subscribe my Name 

and Title and aflfix the Seal of my office this fifth day of 
April one thousand eight hundred and eight. 

Chichester Fortescue Ulster King of Arms of All 

Ireland. * 

In heralding, every color and character is symbolic, 
and while each has a meaning of its own, when united, 
or combined with one or two others, it then assumes 
another meaning. Argent means silver by itself, and 
symbolizes purity and innocence, but if combined with 
red, it means boldness. Gules means red ; Vert, green. 
Or, gold ; Azure, blue. The elephant from an Egyptian 
hieroglyphic, means wealth. The crane is a pun on the 
name Craney. The significance of the wolf does not 
occur to us. As wolves once infested Ireland, perhaps 
the Craney progenitors had performed some deftly deeds 
in their extermination. The emblazonry of the elephant 
is amusing, for it has its tusks growing out of tli3 lower 
jaw ; but as the heraldic limner knew no better, this 
would cause no trouble, it being on heraldic grounds 
orthodoxically correct. 

HISTOEY OF THE POTTER CHURCH. 



AN INTERESTING ACCOUNT OF ITS FOUNDER AND ITS FIRST 

PREACHER. 

In giving the history of this church, it is proper first 
to quote the account found in the journal of the celebrated 



HISTORY OF THE POTTER CHURCH. 385 

Rev. John Murray, tlie founder of the Universalist Soeietv 
in America, as this account has made the Potter Church 
noted in the religious history of our country. 

The Rev. John Murray, the first preacher of Universal- 
ism in America, sailed from England for New York, July 
21, 1770. When he left England, though a warm advo- 
cate of the principles'of that society, he was not a regular 
preacher, and had but little idea then of becoming one in 
America. During a thick fog in the early part of the 
month of September, the brig "Hand in Hand," on 
which he was acting as supercargo, struck on the outer 
bar of old Cranberry Inlet (now closed,) nearly opposite 
Toms River. She soon passed over, and was held by 
her anchors from going ashore. Here she remained 
several days before she could be got off. While lying 
here the provisions of the brig were exhausted, and after 
locking up the vessel, all hands proceeded in a boat 
across the bay in search of sustenance. Being unac- 
C[uainted with the main, they spent the greater part of 
the day before they could effect their purpose, after 
which, it being late, they proceeded to a tavern to stay 
all night. Mr. Murray's mind appears to have been 
much exercised by eventful scenes in his previous life, 
and he longed to get somewhere where the busy cares 
of the world would not disturb his meditations ; and 
hence as soon as the boatmen arrived at the tavern, he 
left them for a solitary walk through the dark pine 
grove. " Here," said he, " I was as much alone as I 
could wish, and my heart exclaimed, ' Oh, that I had in 
this wilderness the lodging of a poor warfaring man ; 
some cave, some grot, some place where I might finish 
my days in calm repjDse.'" As he thus passed along 
musing, he unexpectedly reached a small log house 
where he saw a girl cleaning fish; he requested her to 
sell him some. She had none to spare, but told him he 
could get all he wanted at the next house. " What, 
this?" said Mr. Murray, pointing to one he could just 
discern through the woods. The girl told him no, that 
was a meetinghouse. He was much surprised to find a 



386 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

meetinghouse there in the woods. He was directed to 
pass on by the meetinghouse, and at the next house he 
woukl find fish. He went on as directed, and came to 
the door, near which was a large pile of fish of various 
sorts, and standing Ijy was a tall man, rough in appear- 
ance and evidently advanced in years. " Pray, sir," said 
Mr. Murray, " will you have the goodness to sell me one 
of those fish?" "No, sir," was the abrupt reply of the 
old gentleman. " That is strange," replied Mr. Mnrraj', 
" when 3'ou have so many fish, to refuse me a single one ! " 
"I did not refuse you a fish, sir; you are welcome to as 
many as you please, but I do not sell the article ; I do 
not sell the fish, sir, I have them for taking up, and you 
may obtain them the same way." Mr. Murray thanked 
him; the old man then inquired what he wanted of 
them, and was told he wished them for supper for the 
mariners at the tavern. The old man offered to send the 
fish over for him and urged Mr. Murray to tarr}' with 
him that night. Mr. Murray consented to return after 
visiting the crew at the public house. The old gentle- 
man was Thomas Potter. Mr. Murray says he was 
astonished to see so much genuine politeness and hospi- 
tality under so rough an exterior, but his astonishment 
was greatly increased on his return. The old man's 
room was prejaared, his fire bright and his heart opened. 
"Come," said he, "my friend, I am glad you have re- 
turned, I have longed to see you, I have been expecting 
you a long time." Expecting him ! Mr. Murray was 
amazed and asked what he meant. Mr. Potter replied : 
"I must answer in my own way. I am a poor ignorant 
man, and know neither how to read or write ; I was 
born Id these woods, and worked on these grounds until 
I became a man, when I went on coasting voyages from 
here to New York; I was then about getting married, 
but in going to New York once I was pressed on board 
of a man-of-war and taken in Admiral Warren's 
ship to Ciipe Breton. I never diaiik an}' rum, so 
they saved my allowance ; but I would not bear an 
affront, so if any of the officers struck me I struck 



HISTORY OF THE POTTI]]! CHURCH. 387 

them again, hut the admiral took my part and 
called me his uewdight man. When I reached Louis- 
burg, I ran away, and traveled barefooted through the 
country and almost naked to New York, where I was 
knoAvn and supplied with clothes and money, and soon 
returned home, where I found my girl married. This 
rendered nie unhappy, but I recovered my tranquillity 
and married her sister. I settled down to work, and got 
forward quite fast, constructed a saw-mill and possessed 
myself of this farm and. five hundred acres of adjoining 
land. I entered into navigation, own a sloop, and have 
now got together a fair estate. I am, as I said, unable to 
read or write, but I am capable of reflection; the sacred 
Scriptures have been often read to me, from which I 
gathered that there is a great and good Being who has 
preserved and protected me through innumerable dan- 
gers, and to whom we are all indebted for all we enjoy ; 
and as he has given me a house of my own I conceived I 
could do no less than to open 'it to the stranger, let him 
be who he would ; and especially if a traveling minister 
passed this way he always received an invitation to put 
up at my house and hold his meetings here. 

'• I continued in this practice for more than seven 
years, and illiterate as I was, I used to converse with 
them, and was fond of asking them questions. They 
pronounced me an odd mortal, declaring themselves at a 
loss what to make of me ; while I continued to affirm that 
I had but one hope ; I believed that Jesus sufiered death 
for my transgressions, and this alone was sufficient for 
me. At length my wife grew weary of having meetings 
held in her house, and I determined to build a house for 
the worship of God. I had no children, and I knew that 
I was beholden to Almighty God for everything Avhich I 
possessed, and it seemed right I should appropriate a 
part of what He bestowed for His service. My neighbors 
offered their assistance, but 'No,' said I, 'God has given 
me enough to do this work without your aid, and as He 
has put it into my heart to do so, so I will do.' ' And 
who,' it was asked, ' will be your preacher ?' I answered, 



388 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES, 

' God will send me a preacher, aud of a very different 
stamp from those who have heretofore preached in my 
house. The preachers we have heard are perpetually 
contradicting themselves ; but that God who has put it 
into my heart to build this house, will send one who 
shall deliver unto me His own truth— who shall speak of 
Jesus Christ and his salvation.' When the house was 
finished, I received an application from the Baptists, and 
I told them if they could make it appear that God 
Almight}' was a Baptist I should give them the building 
at once. The Quakers and Presbyterians received simi- 
lar answers. ' No,' said I, ' as I firmly believe that all 
mankind are equally dear to Almighty God, they shall 
all be equally welcome to preach in this house which I 
have built. My neighbors assured me that I should 
never see a preacher whose sentiments corresponded 
with my own, but I uniformly replied I assuredly would. 
I engaged for the first year with a man whom I greatly 
disliked ; we parted, and for some years we have had no 
stated minister. My friends often asked me, ' Where is 
the preacher of whom you spoke?' and my constant 
reply was, ' He will by and by make his appearance.' 
The moment, sir, I saw your vessel on shore it seemed as 
if a voice had audibly sounded in my ears, 'There, Pot- 
ter, in that vessel, cast away on that shore, is the 
preacher you have so long been expecting.' I heard the 
voice and believed the report, and when you came up to 
my door and asked for the fish, the same voice seemed 
to repeat, ' Potter, this is the man^ — this is the person 
whom I have sent to preach in your house !" 

As may be supposed, Murray was immeasurably 
astonished at Mr. Potter's narrative, but yet had not the 
least idea that his wish could ever be realized. He asked 
him what he could discern in his appearance to lead him 
to mistake him for a preacher. "What," said Potter, 
" could I discern when you were on the vessel that could 
induce this conclusion ? 8ir, it is not what I saw or see, 
but what I feel, which produces in my mind full convic- 
tion. Murray rejjlied that he must be deceived, as he 



HISTOBY OF THE POTTER CHURCH. 389 

should never preach iu that place or anywhere else. 

" Have yon never preached? Can you say you never 
preached '?" 

"I cannot, but I never intend to preach again." 

" Has not God lifted up the light of His countenance 
upon you? Has He not shown you the truth?" 

"I trust he has." 

" Then how dare you hide this truth ? Do men light 
a candle and put it under a bushel ? If God has shown 
you His salvation, why should you not show it to your 
fellow-men ? But I know that you will — I am sure that 
God Almighty has sent you to us for this purpose. I am 
not deceived, sir, I am sure I am not deceived." 

Murray was much agitated when this man thus 
spoke on, and began to wonder whether or no, God, who 
ordains all things, had not ordained that this should 
come to pass ; but his heart trembled, he tells us, at the 
idea. He says he endeavored to quiet his own fears and 
to silence the warm-hearted old man bj informing him 
he was supercargo of the vessel, that property to a large 
amount was entrusted to his care, and that the moment 
the wind changed he was under solemn obligations to 
depart. 

"The wind will never change," said Potter, "until 
jou have delivered to us, in that meetinghouse, a 
message from God." 

Murray still resolutely determined never to enter 
any pulpit as a preacher; but being much agitated in 
mind, asked to be shown to bed after he had prayed 
with the family. When they parted for the night his 
kind host solemnly requested him to think of what he 
said. 

"Alas," says Murray, "he need not have made this 
request ; it was impossible to banish it from my mind ; 
when I entered my chamber and shut the door, I burst 
itito tears ; I felt as if the hand of God was in the events 
which had brought me to this place, and I prayed most 
ardently that God would assist and direct me by His 
^ounseL 



390 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

So mucli exercised was he iu mind that he spent the 
greater part of the night in praying and weeping, 
" dreading more than death," he says, " supposing death 
to be an object of dread, the idea of engaging as a public 
character." 

In his writings he gives the substance of his medita- 
tations on that memorable night. In the morning his 
good friend renewed his solicitations: "Will you speak 
to me and my neighbors of the good things which belong- 
to our peace '? " 

Murray, seeing only thick woods, the tavern across 
the field excepted, requested to know what he meant by 
neighbors. 

" O, sir, we assemble a large congregation whenever 
the meetinghouse is opened; indeed, when my father 
first settled here, he was obliged to go twent}^ miles to 
grind a bushel of corn, but now there are more than 
seven hundred inhabitants within that distance." 

Murray still could not be prevailed upon to yield, 
but Potter insisted and seemed positive the wind would 
not change until he had spoken to the people. Thus 
urged, Murra}' began to waver, and at length he tells us 
he " implored God, who sometimes condescends to 
indulge individuals with tokens of His approbation, 
graciously to indulge me upon this important occasion, 
and that if it was His will that I should obtain my soul's 
desire by passing through life as a private individual ; 
if such was not His will, that I should engage as a 
preacher in the ministry, He would vouchsafe to grant 
me such a wind as might bear me from this shore before 
another Sabbath. I determined to take the changing 
of the wind for an answer." 

But the wind changed not, and towards the close of 
the Saturday afternoon he reluctantly gave his consent 
to preaching the next day, and Mr. Potter immediately 
despatched his men on horseback to notify the neighbors, 
which they were to continue to do until ten o'clock iu the 
evening. Mr. Murray appears to have had but little 
rest that night, thinking over the responsibilities of the 



HISTORY OF THE POTTER CHURCH. 391 

avocatiou lie was so unexpectedly about to be eiigaf^ed 
in, and of what lie should say and how he should ad- 
dress the people; but the passage: "Take no thought 
what ye shall say," etc., appears to have greatly relieved 
his mind. Sunday morning they proceeded to the 
church, Potter very joyful and Murray uneas}', dis- 
trusting his own abilities to realize the singularl}^ high- 
formed expectations of his kind host. The church at 
that day is descril)ed as being " neat and convenient, 
with a pulpit rather after the Quaker mode, with but one 
new pew and that a large square one just below the 
pulpit in which sat the venerable Potter and his family 
and visiting strangers ; the rest of the seats were 
constructed Avith backs, roomy and even elegant." As 
Murray was preaching, Potter looked up into the pulpit, 
his eyes sparkling with pleasure, seemingly completely 
happ3' at the fulfillment of what he believed a promise 
long deferred. We have no record of the substance of 
this, the first Universalist sermon in America, nor of its 
impression upon any of the hearers save one — that one, 
Thomas Potter himself, appears to have had all his 
expectations realized, and upon their return home over- 
whelmed Murray with his frank warm-hearted congratu- 
• lations ; and soon visitors poured in. Said Potter to 
them : " This is the happiest day of my life ; there, 
neighbors, there is the minister God has sent me." 
Murray was so overcome by the old man's enthusiastic 
demonstrations that he retired to his room, and tells us 
he " prostrated himself at the throne of grace, and 
besought God to take him and do with him what he 
pleased." 

After a while he returned to the company and found 
the boatmen with them, who wished him to go on board 
immediately, as the wind was fair. So he was compelled 
to leave. His host was loth to part with him, and exacted 
a ]:)romise from him to return, which he soon did, and 
preached often in the Potter church, and other villages. 
The first place he visited during this stay was Toms 
River. He relates two or throe interesting scenes occur- 



392 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ring here, in explaining to individuals his peculiar 
religious views. The next village he visited was Mana- 
hawkin. 

For many years, and though travelling in various 
parts of the United States, yet as long as Thomas Potter 
lived, his house at Goodluck was considered by Murray 
as his home. At length, after being away some time on 
a religious mission, he returned and found that his good 
old friend was dead ; his letter describing this visit, 
recounting some of the scenes of Potter's life, his traits 
of character, his own feelings, etc., is full of tender 
feeling and sincere grief, admirably expressed, and the 
substance of the discourse which he preached on that 
occasion, in that memorable old chapel, is a touching- 
specimen of Murray's eloquence. A brief extract will 
serve to give an idea of Murray's style and of his feelings 
towards his departed friend. His text was : " For ye 
are bought with a price ; therefore glorify God in your 
body and in your spirit, which are God's." Towards the 
close of his discourse, pointing towards Potter's grave, 
which could be seen from where he stood he says : 

"Through yonder open casement I behold the grave 
of a man, the recollection of whom swells my heart with 
gratitude, and fills my eyes with tears. There sleeps the 
sacred dust of him who well understood the advantages 
resulting from the public worship of God. There rests 
the ashes of him who glorified God in his body and in 
his spirit, which he well knew were the Lord's. He 
believed he was bought with a price, and therefore he 
declared that all that he had and all that he was were 
righteously due to God, who created and purchased him 
with a price all price beyond. There rests the precious 
dust of the friend of strangers, whose hospitable doors 
were ever open to the destitute, and him who had none 
to relieve his sufferings ; his dust reposes close to this 
edifice, itself a monument of his piety. Dear, faithful 
man! when last I stood in this place, he was present 
annnig the assembly of the ]ieople. I marked his glisten- 
ing eye; it always glistenod at tlie emphatic name of 



HISTORY OF THE TOTTER CHURCH. 



393 



Jesus. Even uow, I behold in imagiiiatiou, his veueral)le 
counteuance ; beniLniity is seated ou his brow ; his miud 
apparently open and confiding ; tranquillity reposeth upon 
his features ; every varying emotion evincing faith in that 
enduring peace which passeth understanding. Let us, 
my friends, imitate his philanthropy, his charity, his 
piety. I may never meet you again until we unite to 
sweil the loud hallelujahs before the throne of God. But 
to hear of your faith, of your perseverance, of your works 
of charity^ of your brotherly love, will heighten my 
enjoyments and soothe my sorrows, even to the verge of 
mortal pilgrimage." 

Potter, in his will, left the church to Murray. It 
was Mr. Murray's desire as well as Mr. Potter's, that the 
church should be kept free to all denominations for the 
worship of God. 

The will of Thomas Potter was dated May 11, 1777, 
proved May 2, 1782, and is recorded in the Secretary of 
State's office at Trenton. In regard to the church he 
sa3-s : 

" The house I built for those that God shall cause to 
meet there, to serve or worship him to the same use still, 
and I will that my dear friend John Murray, preacher of 
the gospel, shall have the sole direction and manage- 
ment of said house and one acre of laud, where the house 
now stands, for the use above mentioneil." 

The house and lot was sold to Methodists by deed, 
dated November 7, 1809 ; the deed is from Nathaniel 
Cook, of Monmouth County, of the first part, and Paul 
Potter, Samuel Woodmansee, John Cranmer, Caleb Falk- 
inburg, Isaac Kogers, John Tiltou and David Bennett, 
Trustees. Consideration, one hundred and twenty-live 
dollars. The church was rebuilt in 1841, while Rev. 
Noah Edwards was pastor on the circuit. The Trustees 
then were Joseph Holmes, Amos Falkinburg, James 
Day, Pteuben Tilton, Paul Potter and Joseph Preston. 
For rebuilding ^703.70 was subscribed, of which amount 
$067.20 Avas paid in to Trustees ; the balance was n.H col- 
lected. 



394 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

The last services held by the Uuiversalists iu this 
church was iu the Fall of 1874. 

This church property is uow uuder the control of the 
Methodists ; the Uuiversalists, although mauifestiug little 
or no dispositiou to dispute their claims, yet contend 
that its sale was through '' the mismanagement of the ex- 
ecutor to satisfy illegal claims," etc. 

In the burying ground of the church a headstone 
■was erected over the grave of Thomas Potter May 15, 
1833, and surrounded by an iron fence. The headstone 
bears the following inscription : 

In Memory 

OF 

THOMAS P T T E K , 
Friend and Patron 

OF 

JOHN MURE AY. 

An Early Advocate 

OF 

Univeesalism in America. 
Have we not all one Father V 
Erected May 15, 1833. 



PEESBYTEEIANISM IN FORKED EIVEE. 

A few 3^ears ago the New Jtraey CouritT published 
a communication which, after reference to Presbyterian- 
ism previous to the Eevolution, says : " Subsequent to 
the Eevolution, we have found no written or traditional 
mention of Presbyterians along shore, until about the 
year 1828, when Mr. Amos Salter, who had been a mem- 
ber of the noted old First Presbyterian Church, at 
Newark, N. J., located at Fcn-ked Eiver. Soon after his 
arrival here, he wrote to an old friend, the Eev. Solomon 
Carpenter, requesting him to visit and preach at Forked 
Eiver and vicinity. Mr. Carpenter was, iu his d;iy, a 
noted Presbyterian clergyman and evangelist, who had 
labored with remarkable success in Essex and Morris 
counties and vicinit}^ In compliance with this request, 



TRESBYTERIANISM IX FORKED RIVER. 395 

Mr. Cav})euter and his wife, who, bv the way, was a most 
faithful aucl zeah)iis helper iu Christiau labor, proceeded 
to Forked River. Mr. Carpenter labored at Forked 
River and vicinity for a brief time, and was assisted 
at times by his wife who (an aged minister says) made the 
best prayers he ever heard. He died a year or two after 
this visit, and his wife subsequently married Rev. John 
R. McDowell, of New York, who was the founder of the 
American Moral Reform Society." 

Mr. Carpenter had a brother Ephraim who occa- 
sionally preached along shore about the same time. 

Rev. Mr. Newell, a 3'onng Presbyterian clergyman, 
came to Forked River about December, ISM, and taught 
school until June, 1845, and while here he held religious 
services as opportunity offered. 

About this time Mr. and Mrs. William Gulick, of the 
celebrated Gulick Sandwich Island missionary family, 
lived at Forked River, having returned to the United 
States on account of the health of Mrs. G., Avho was a 
most estimable Christian, of fine educational attainments. 
She taught a small select school, l)ut though of Presby- 
terian proclivities, neither of them were able to do much 
iu the way of holding religious services. 

About the first of June, 1S50, Rev. Thomas S. 
Dewing, who has l)een mentioned in si)eaking of Presby- 
terianism at Toms River, located along shore. In a 
private letter written iu 1877, Mr. Dewing states that 
he had seven preaching places from Toms River to Man- 
ahawkin. 

At Forked River he preached in the old school- 
house. He took especial interest in the Sabbath School, 
of which he was su})erintendent and Avliich was the first 
regular Presbyterian Sunday school established at Forked 
River. Among the teachers who assisted him were Miss 
Angeline Holmes, since deceased, Miss Laura E. Holmes 
(now Mrs. Captain E. M. Lonan), Miss Sarah A. Rogers 
(uoAv Mrs. W. A. Low), Misses Eleanor and Catharine 
Jones, Edwin Salter and probably occasional! v V>. 
Franklin Holmes and Enoch Jones. 



396 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Id the summer of 1860 a Suuday Scliool was again 
established through the instrumentality of a Presby- 
terian, Miss Robbins, an estimable Christian lady who 
had charge of the district school. At her solicitation, 
Edwin Salter acted as superintendent and Misses Emelia 
Holmes, Mary J. Lonan, Adelaide Stout, Jane E. Jones, 
Elizabeth Sutphen and Lodisa Rogers, and Mrs. Edgar 
Thompson and Henr^' Howell acted as teachers ; Miss 
Robbins herself took charge of a class of young ladies, 
and Mr. Salter of the older boys. At another time, Miss 
Emelia Smith, a Presbyterian lady, who had charge of 
the district school and who made her home with Capt. 
Joseph Holmes, exerted a favorable influence in favor of 
the society to Avhicli she belonged. 

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF FORKED RIVER. 



The Presbyterian Society of Forked River and 
vicinity bought the building erected by the Baptists at 
Cedar Creek and the certificate of the incorporation of 
"The Presbyterian Church of Cedar Creek" was recorded 
June 17, 1857, and names as trustees Joseph Holmes, 
James Jones and William A. Low. 

The building was taken down in 1865 and removed 
to Forked River. It had been bought of the Baptists in 
1857 chiefly through the agency of Rev. Dr. Charles F. 
Worrell. At Forked River it was put up on a lot pre- 
sented by Mr. James Jones. The certiflcate of incorpora- 
tion of the Presbyterian Church at Forked River states 
that at a meeting held June 9, 1865, the trustees elected 
were James Jones, Joseph Holmes and Benjamin F. 
Holmes. The certificate was filed in County Clerk's office 
September 19, 1865. 

In March of the same year a Sabbath School was 
established, of which Rev. Mr. Frazee of Toms River, 
became superintendent, and it proved very successful. 

Among the ministers who occasionally preached were 
Rev. Messrs. Darrach, D. V. McLean, J. H. Frazee, C. F. 
Worrell, Wm. S. Betts, Frank Chandler, Thaddeus Wilson 



FIRST SUNDAY SCHOOL AT FOllKED RIVER. 397 

aud Allen H. Brown. In January, 1871, Kev. Frank 
Chandler, of Freehold, presented the Sabbath School 
with a fine library comprising 200 volumes of new books. 

June 17, 1878, a Presbyterian Church was regularly 
organized at Forked lliver. 

The following were the first members of the church : 
Edwin E. Spaulding, Josephine M. Spaulding, John 
Bowers, Anna M. Bowers, Theodosia Bowers, Randolph 
Lane, Joseph Holmes, Sr., Ann Holmes, Deborah A. 
Stout, Mary J. Lonan. 

On September 1-1, 1873, Rev. James M. Denton was 
called as the first pastor of the church. All efforts of 
ministers previous to that had been of a missionary 
character. He accepted, and was installed November 25, 
1873. 

The same evening the new pastor, Rev. Mr. Denton, 
was married to Miss Theodosia Bowers, daughter of 
Jcjlin Bowers. 

The superintendent of the Sunday School at this 
time was Elder E. R. Spaulding. 

This church being under the same pastor as the 
Presbyterian Church at Barnegat, the successive pastors 
were the same. 

THE FIRST SUNDAY SCHOOL AT FORKED RIVER. 

The first Sunday School established at Forked River 
was in 1828, and continued, probably, with some intermis- 
sions, until about 1831. It was organized through the 
efforts of Mr. Amos Salter, a Presbyterian from Newark, 
N. J., and living at Forked River. The books for the 
school were procured in part from the American Sunday 
School Union, and in part from some of Amos Salter's old 
Presbyterian friends at Newark. 

The Sunday School was non-sectarian, as there was 
no Presbyterian in the vicinity but tlie superintendent, 
whose unselfish labors and conscientious adherence to old 
Presbyterian [)recepts and practices, even to reading the 
Bible and having family prayers morning and evening, 
made a favorable impression on the ]ieoplc of the vicinity. 



398 HISTORY OP MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

The following list, tliougli prepared from memory, 
gives the names of nearly all the regular attendants of 
the school : Elmira Rogers, Isaac Rogers, Katie Rogers 
(deaf and dumb), -Joel Worden, Martha Worden, Daniel 
Wordeu, Samuel Worden, Anthony Salter, John Salter, 
Daniel Salter, Elizabeth Salter, Emeline Salter, Silas 
Salter, Smith Salter, Sarah Salter, Edwin Salter, Joseph 
Parker, Randolph Lane, Alice Lane, Ann Maria Lippin- 
cott, Debby Lippiucott, Hannah Lippincott, Manly 
Lippincott, Jesse Bunnell, Miles Bunnell, Lydia Bunnell, 
Amos Bunnell, J. Snowden Bunnell, Meliuda Bunnell, 
Augustus Conover, Joseph Conover, Angeline Holmes, 
Laura E. Holmes, Daniel L. Chamberlain, Sarah Cham- 
berlain, Robert L. Chamberlain, John Chamberlain, Jane 
Chamberlain, Leonard Brinley, William (?) Soper, 
Catharine List, Judith List, Amanda Williams, John 
Russell, H«ster Woolley, John Wool ley, Ann Woolley, 
John Wordeu, James Worden, Elizabeth Worden, Harriet 
Worden, John Cornelius, Lydia Tilton, Cornelius Lane, 
James Chamberlain, William Ferguson, Leah Soper. 

Of the above, Elmira Rogers married Capt. Samuel 
Beatty, Hannah Lippincott married Capt. Anthony 
Cam burn, Elizabeth Salter married Capt. J. Conover 
Williams, Ann Woolley married Capt. Randolph Lane, 
Hester Woolley married Capt. John Parker, Emeline 
Salter married Capt. David S. Parker, Amanda Williams 
married Capt. Jacob Vaughn, Laura E. Holmes married 
Capt. Edward Lonan, Martha Worden married John 
Barkalew, Sarah Chamberlain married Joseph Yarnall. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH AT FORKED RIVER. 

Tlie certificate of incorporation of this church is 
dated October 13, 1884, and names as Trustees Charles 
P. Bunnell, B. S. Chamberlain, Job Faulkinburgh, 
Annaniah G. Wilbert, ITriah Havens, Winfield S. Parker 
and Charles Williams. 

Services Avere first held in it in the fall of 1887, 
before the edifice was completed and while Rev. Mr. 
Tomlin was pastor in charge. The Methodists had hehl 



SONS OF TEMPERANCE, HOLMEs' OLD MILL, ETC. 399 

services iu the old Forked lliver sclioolliouses almost 
from Bishop Asbury's time. 

GOODLUCK DIVISION SONS OF TEMPERANCE, NO. 107. 

The charter of this Division, dated March 12, 1849, 
names as charter members Joseph Parker, Samuel Potter, 
Jacob Piatt, David I. C. Kojijers and others ; and was 
signed by Wm. P. Searles, G. W, P., and Henry B. 
Howell, Jr., G. S. of the Grand Lodge of the State. It 
was incorporated the following year, Cornelius Lane, W. 
P., and Charles W. Bunnell, li. S., and the certificate 
recorded December 21, 1850. 

holmes' old mill. 

The upper mill on the north branch of Forked River 
was formerly known as Holmes' Mill. On the first of 
August, 1759, a survey of one and one-half acres there 
was made to Jeremiah Stilwell "at request of John 
Holmes, the elder." This tract was by the mill-pond. 
In 17G0, John Holmes, the elder, bought sixteen acres. 
In 1766 John Holmes, the elder, and Daniel Holmes 
bought 10.60 acres. 

John Holmes, the elder, died intestate and his 
estate went to his children, William, Jonathan, John, 
Huldah, who married Daniel Williams, Marj^, who mar- 
ried Thomas Green, and Catharine and Sarah ; the 
estate was subject to the right of dower of the widow 
Catharine, who afterwards married Thomas Wright. 

William Holmes, son of John, bought out the other 
heirs August 6, 1795. 

In 1810 James Hankinson took up fifty acres adjoin- 
ing mill tract, but the survey was mislocated. In the 
same year he took up fifty-three acres in same vicinity. 

WARETOWN PRESBYTERIAN AND METHODIST CHURCH. 

The certificate of incorporation, recorded February 
16, 1869, states that whereas the Evangelical and Relig- 
ious Society, usually meeting for public worship at 
Waretown, did assemble October 30, 1868, and adopt the 
name of " The Methodist and Presbyterian Church at 



400 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Waretown " and elected the following Trustees : Daniel 
Camburn, Joseph Cambiirn, Ehvood Headley, Garrison 
Camburn and James Anderson. 

UNI\'ERSALIST SOCIETY, WARETOWN. 

At a meeting held May 4, 1867, the following persons 
were elected Trustees of the " Universalist meeting, 
Waretowu": Jacob Birdsall, James Edwards, R. Lathrop, 
John Warren, Enoch H. Jones. 

The certificate of incorporation was recorded May 7, 
1867. 

In the fall of 1883 an addition of twelve feet to the 
rear of the church was made and the roof raised about 
tvvo feet. 

WARETOWN CEDAR GROVE CEMETERY ASSOCIATION. 

At a meeting held at the Select Schoohouse, Ware- 
town, June 18, 1861, of which Samuel Birdsall was 
Chairman, and Jacob Birdsall Secretary-, the following 
persons were named as members of the Association : 
Benjamin Predmore, Sr., Jacob Birdsall, Ezekiel Bird- 
sall, Elwood Wilkins, Taylor C. Newberry, Enoch H. 
Jones, Joseph H. Birdsall, Samuel Birdsall, 

The annual meetings to be held the last Saturday in 
each year. The certificate of incorporation was recorded 
June 21, 1861. 

The cemetery grounds are located on rising ground 
on a road to the bay and an ancient graveyard is 
included in the bounds. The lots are large and some 
are owned by people living elsewhere who have ancestors 
buried here. 

GEN. JOHN LACEY. 



General John Lace}' was born in Bucks county. Pa., 
February 4, 1775. His paternal ancestor was from the 
Isle of Wight, and came to this country with William 
Penn. General Lacey's ancestors and all his descendants 
were Quakers. At the breaking out of the Revolution, 



GEX. JOHN LACEY. 401 

his love of freedom predomiuated over liis auti-war 
creed, and he made up his miud to obtain it peaceably if 
he could, forcibl}' if he must. He took a captain's com- 
mission of the Continental Congress, January 6, 177('), for 
which he was at once disowned by the Quakers. He 
left his home, his society, his mill, to do battle for his 
country. He served under General Wayne, in Canada, 
and performed the hazardous duty of carrying an express 
from General Sullivan to Arnold, when before Quebec. 
On his return next year he resigned on account of a diffi- 
culty with General Wayne. He was then appointed by 
the Pennsylvania Legislature to organize the militia of 
Bucks county. He was soon elected Colonel. He was 
now in the midst of Tories and Quakers, who were acting 
in concert with the enemy, some of whom threatened 
him with personal vengeance. These threats he disregard- 
ed as the idle wind. He brought his regiment into the 
field and performed feats of valor that at once raised him 
to a high standard in the list of heroes. His conduct 
was particularly noticed by Washington, and he was 
honored with the commission of Brigadier-General, Jan- 
uary 9th, and ordered to relieve General Porter. He 
was then but twenty-two years old. 

After the evacuation of Philadelphia, General Lacey 
was a member of the Pennsylvania Legislature, and 
served three consecutive sessions. In 1781 he closed his 
military career, and like a good citizen married an amia- 
ble daughter of Col. Keynolds, of New Jersey, and com- 
menced a successful career of domestic felicity. He 
filled various civil offices, lived in the esteem of every 
patriot (not of all his Quaker relatives) and died at the 
village of New Mills, (now Pembertou) New Jersey, Feb. 
14, 1814, in his 59th year. 

In recent years a monument was erected to the mem- 
ory of General Lacey, in Bucks County, Pa., where he 
was born, and dedicated with much ceremony. 

The Avill of General Lacey was dated 1811 and 
proved March 14, 1814, and is recorded at Mount Holly. 
It named wife Antis, daughter Eliza, wife of Wm. Smith ; 



402 HISTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

daughter Kitty, wife of William Darling or Darliugtou, 
(laiigliter Jane C. Lacey ; sou Thomas R. Lacey. 

He requests his wife Autis to care for his aged 
mother, Executors Caleb Ntiwbold aud William Irick. 

The will of Autis Lacey, widow of General Lacey, is 
dated 1815 and proved February, 1816. She lived at I^ew 
Mills. She left to her son Thomas R. Lacey all her 
estate at New Mills, now called Pemberton — dwelling 
houses, barns, mills, etc., and the remainder of her prop- 
erty to her three daughters, Eliza Smith, Catharine Dar- 
lington and Jane C. Hough. 

FOllEST FIRES. 

Fires have been so frequent in the extensive forests 
of Ocean county, that it is a hopeless task to attempt to 
enumerate them or describe in detail the exciting scenes 
they have occasioned. Often thousands of acres are 
swept over and tens of thousands of dollars' worth of tim- 
ber are burned in a very short time. W^ith a high wind, 
the roar of the fire in the woods, the flames leaping from 
tree- top to tree-top and running along the dried leaves 
and bushes on the ground make an appalling scene never 
to be forgotten ; aud the exciting work of lighting fire, 
with the flames often leaping over their heads or on the 
ground escaping and surrounding tbem, is too familiar 
to our old citizens to need describing. 

About fifty years ago, a. fire broke out in the woods 
between Oyster Creek and Forked River, aud many per- 
sons from Waretown and Forked River endeavored to 
subdue it. A sudden shift and increase of the wind 
brought the flames down with such rapidity upon the 
men that they had to run for their lives toward the 
nearest body of water, which happened to be the old 
Frank Cornelius mill pond on Forked River ; but one 
man named George C^ollins, of Waretown, missed the 
right road, and was overtaken by the flames and burned 
to death. His shoes were left to mark the spot where he 
was burned, for twenty or thirty years after. 



HISTOllY OF THE liAlTISTS IN OCEAN COUNTY. 403 

HISTORY OF THE BAPTISTS IX OCEAN COUNTY. 



The first cliuicU built in Ocean county was the one 
generally known as the Baptist ( ■liurch at Manahawken. 
It was built at least as early as 175S, as it is said the 
original deed tor the land on which it was situated is 
dated August 24, 1758, and calls for 1 20-100 acres, " be- 
ginning at a stake 265 links north-west from the meeting- 
house," by which it appears the edifice was already 
erected. There is a tradition that the church Avas orig- 
inally erected as a free church, chiefiy through the 
instrumentality of James Haywood. That it was free to 
all denominations is quite evident, as in it meetings were 
held by Quakers, Presbyterians, and probably Metho- 
dists, and Rev. John Murray, the founder of Uuiversalism 
in America, also preached in it. In Webster's History of 
Presbyterianism it is claimed as a Presbyterian Church. 
The author probably supposed it to be such because 
ministers of that society held regular services in it — in 
fact, they held them many years before the Baptist Society 
was organized, and were entertained by Messrs. Haywood 
and Randolph, subsequently named among the founders 
of the Baptist Society, as appears by a letter written by 
Rev. John Brainerd in 1701. It is evident that the early 
settlers of Manahawken were not only anxious to hear the 
Word of Truth, but also believed in religious toleration. 

The histor}' of the Baptist Society at Manahawken, 
as given in its old church record, was evidently written 
man}- years after the organization of the society. It is 
well worth preserving in our local religious history. The 
following is substantially from the church record : 

"About 1700, James Haywood, a Baptist from Coven- 
try, England ; Benjamin, Reuben and Joseph Randolph, 
also Baptists, from Piscataway, settled in this neighbor- 
hood. They were visited by Rev. Mr. Blackwell, who 
preached and baptized among them. Other Baptists 
settled among them from Scotch Plains ; so that in 1770, 
they were multiplied to nhio souls, which nine were con- 



404 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

stitnted a Gospel churcli that same year by Eev. Ben- 
jamin Miller. They joined the Baptist Association, and 
were occasionally visited by other brethren, so that in 
1776 they numbered fifteen. Bev. Henry Crossley 
resided among them some time, and was succeeded by 
Bev. Isaac Bonnell, after whose departure there was no 
more account of Manahawken Church ; so that in 1799, 
at a meeting of the Baptist Association at Great Yalley, 
they were about to be erased from the records, but at the 
intervention of one or two biethren they were spared, and 
visited by ministering brethren, and that not in vain, for 
though there could none be found of the character of 
Baptists save five female members, two of whom are since 
deceased, yet a number round about were baptized 
among them ; but not meeting in membership with them, 
it remained doubtful whether they could be considered a 
church. Next season, they were represented to the 
Association with flattering prospects, and a query was 
made whether they really were a church, which query 
was answered in the affirmative ; in consequence of which 
supplies were named, some of whom proposed the 
jDropriety of receiving into fellowship among them such as 
had been, or may be in future baptized among them. 
The proposition was generally accepted, both by the old 
members and young candidates, and in confirmation of 
which the first Sunday in July, 1802; was set apart for 
the above purpose, when Brothers Alexander McGowan 
and Benjamin Hedges gave their assistance. Brother 
McGowan, pastor of the church at New Mills (now 
Pemberton), by authority, and one behalf of Sarah 
Puryne (Perrine?) Mary Sprague and Elizabeth Sharp, 
the remainder of the churcli in the place, receiving into 
union, by right hand of fellowship, the following named 
persons, viz : 

Daniel Parker and Elizabeth his wife ; Ed^vard 
Gennings and Abigail his wife ; Thomas Edwards and 
Catharine his wife ; Samuel Grey and Katnrah his wife ; 
Amos Southard and wife ; Mary Fortuneberry ; Phebe 
Bennett; Hannah "White; Martha Headley; Leah 



HISTORY OF THE BArTlSTS IN OCEAN COUNTY. 405 

Clayton ; Hauuali Sulse}- ; Jemima Pidgeoii ; Hester 
Perrine." lu tlie foregoing, Mary Fortnneberry, we pre- 
sume, should be Mary Falkinburgli. 

The Baptist Century Book furnishes additional in- 
formation to the above as follows : 

" The Baptist Society at Mauahawkeu was organ- 
ized August 25, 1770. In October, 1771, there were 
eleven members, and Lines Paugburn was a delegate to 
the Baptist Association. There were seven appoint- 
ments made for that year. 

In 1772 there were twelve members; four preachers 
were appointed for the ensuing year. 

1773. No delegates ; twelve members. 

1774 Rev. Henry Crossley, delegate ; fifteen mem- 
bers ; four had joined by letter, one by baptism and one 
died. The church this year is called "The Stafford 
Church." 

1775, No delegates ; members the same. 

From 1775 there are no returns until the year 1800, 
when five members are reported. 

1801. Four members, one having died. The re- 
maining members of the church having some doubts in 
their minds because of the fewness of their numbers, 
whether they exisfas a church or not, it is the sense of 
this Association that the church still exists, and while 
they rejoice in that prosperity which has lately attended 
the preaching of the Gospel among them, they exort 
them to proceed to the reception of members and the 
election of officers. 

1802. Edward Gennings appointed delegate ; four 
baptized, twenty received by letter, one dead ; remaining, 
27 members. 

1803. Thirty-three members. 

1804. Amos Southard and Samuel Grey, delegates ; 
31 members. 

1805. Samuel Grey, delegate ; 74 members ; 44 bap- 
tized ; two received by letter, and three dismissed. 

1806. Samuel Grey and Edward Gennings, dele- 
gates ; 09 members. 



406 HISTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Here ends the record of this church in the Baptist 
Century Book. 

It will be seen by the foregoing, that from the 
outbreak of the Revolutionary war this society seems to 
have shared the fate of so many others in that eventful 
period, being virtually broken up for a time. Some of 
its principal members and supporters responded to their 
country's call ; Reuben F. Randolph became a caj^tain in 
the militia, his sons members of his company ; Lines 
Pangburn, who we presume was the same person first 
elected delegate, Avas killed by the Refugees within sight 
of the church, and doubtless others were among the 
patriots from this village, who did militarj^ service during 
the war, particularly in guarding against marauding- 
bands of Refugees who were active until the very close 
of the Revolution. 

Rev. Benjamin Miller, who organized the church, 
belonged to Scotch Plains, wliere he labored for over 
thirty years, and died in 1781. 

For the items relating to the original deed of the 
church we are indebted to the researches of the late 
Samuel H. Shreve, Esq. 

OTHER BAPTIST SOCIETIES. 

The Baptist Century Book says that "the Baptist 
Church of Squan and Dover " was received into the 
Baptist Association in October, 1805, and the same year 
Samuel Haven was delegate, and the society had thirty- 
eight members. In 1807 Samuel Haven was again 
delegate ; forty-live members. 

In Gordon's History of New Jersey, it is stated that 
a Baptist Society was established at West Creek in 1792, 
which had, about 1832, thirty-three members. [This is 
believed to have been in Cape May county. ] 

ISLAND HEIGHTS. 



Island Heights, near Toms River, was selected for a 
Summer resort by Rev. Dr. Graw, who conceived the notion 



ISLAND HEIGHTS. 407 

that a caiiii) ground uear the sea ought to be found some- 
wliere iu this section. Being Presiding Ekler, he traveled 
along shore looking for a favorable sjiot. At length he 
noticed what was formerh' known as Dillon's Island ; the 
location pleased him and he invited a few ministers and 
laymen to go with him and examine the site. All were 
pleased. He proposed that 25 or 30 persons unite as 
stockholders, buy the tract and proceed to develop it for 
the purpose of a camp meeting ground and Summer 
resort. His plan was agreed to, the land purchased and 
the company incorporated July 1, 1878. The directors 
chosen were : J. B. Graw, S. Yansaut, G. H. Morris, C. 
E. Heudrickson and J. G. Gowdy. Eev. Dr. J. B. Graw 
w-as chosen President, "W. W. Moifett, Vice President ; G. 
R. Morris, Secretary, S. Vansant, Treasurer, and John 
Simpson, Superintendent. The certificate of incorpora- 
tion, dated July 1, 1878, was filed July 2, 1878. Capital, 
.$9,000; shares, $50. The Rev. J. B. Graw took 102 
shares, amounting to $5,100, and the following subscribers 
six shares of $300 each : Clias. E. Hendrickson, Mount 
Holly ; G. K. Morris, Mount Holly ; Geo. B. Wight, Cam- 
den ; Samuel Vansant, Toms River ; Geo. L. Dobbins, 
Bridgeton; Joshua Jeffries, Camden ; Annanias Lawrence, 
Millville, George Reed, Absecon ; Ralph B. Gowdy, 
Toms River ; Jas. G. Gowdy, Toms River ; David H. 
Schock, Millville ; Geo. H. Neal, Gloucester City ; James 
M. Cassidy, Camden ; amounting in all to $9,000. 

At this time there w^ere 172 acres in the tract 
proper, 154 acres bought of Mrs. A. S. Brinley and 18 
acres of the Westray estate. Work was commenced at 
once ; underbrush removed from about ten acres ; two 
avenues partly opened ; a pavilion built ; seats arranged for 
camp ground ; thirty camp meeting cottages erected and 
a hotel commenced ; a wharf erected, and yachts and 
hacks chartered to take visitors to and fro. In August a 
camp meeting was held ; on the 20th of August one hun- 
dred lots were sold, bringing $10,000, all of wliicli went 
for improvements. 

The Penns3'lvania Railroad built a branch from their 



408 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

main line from Camden to Seaside Park to Island 
Heights in the Summer of 1883. 

Island Heights takes its name from two sources ; it 
originally was an island and vessels once sailed through 
a channel which existed on the north side. It is situated 
by a steep bluif sixty feet above the river. It was origi- 
nally known as Dr. Johnson's island, being included in 
the patent granted to him in 1680. The next century it 
was known as Dillon's island, so called before the Revo- 
lution, probably for James Dillon, a somewhat promi- 
nent man about Toms River. It came into possession of 
John Imlay of Alleutown, who, in 1794, sold it to Isaac 
Gulick. In 1797 Isaac Gulick and wife Abigail sold it 
to Abraham and George Parker. In 1799 they sold it 
to Abel Middleton of Upper Freehold. 

A saw-mill was built on the stream from Long 
swamp, which in 1760 and thereabouts, was known as 
Jacob Jacobs' saw-mill. 

Tradition says that during the Revolution Indian 
Tom had his wigwam on what is now Island Heights. 

At the time of the whites first coming to this part of 
New Jersey, the vicinity of Island Heights was a resort 
for the Indians and they left behind them a memento 
which was noted among the whites for perhaps a century. 
This was the resemblance of the face of some large crea- 
ture on the south side of a huge whiteoak which was 
two feet in diameter, cut l)y the Indians ; the tree was 
also marked on other sides. The location of this tree is 
thus described in a survey for 189 acres, to Ebenezer 
Applegate, made in 1750 ; his beginning corner is 
described as "one chain northeast fiom Dr. Johnson's 
Long Swamp, the stream whereof runs into Toms River 
at the end of Dr. Johnson's Island, beginning at a white- 
oak near two feet through, marked in several places and 
on the south side with the resemblance of the face of 
some large creature, supposed to have been done formerly 
by the Indians." 

This whiteoak must have stcjod near the north-west 
corner of the island. This tree is referred to as late as 



METHODISM IN OCEAN COUNTY. 409 

1793, ill ;i survey of KoiiiK^tli Hankinsou and Matthew 
Howell. 

If this (.-inions face was made with reference to the 
religious belief and wen-ship of the Indians, as it prob- 
ably was, it is sug-oestive of the groat contrast between 
the worship at Island Heights now and at the same 
place two centuries ago. 

The capital of the Island Heights Association was 
increased in April, 1880, when $21,000 was added to the 
original amount. 

The Island Heights Hotel Association was incorpo- 
rated January 19, 1888. Ca]ntal $50,000. Incorporators, 
Thomas D. Dilkes, Mary Tudor, William F. Lodge, John 
F. Yogle, Jr., and Howard D. Vansant. 

The corner-stone of the First Methodist Episcopal 
church of Island Heights was laid August 29, 1882. The 
ceremonies were conducted by Kev. J. B. Graw, assisted 
by Eevs. A. Lawrence, S. Thackera, J. O'Hara and John 
Simpson. 

The church was dedicated August 17, 1884 Eev. W. 
W. Moffit, presiding elder, preached the sermon. Rev. 
Joseph Sawn was the pastor. 

The edifice was thirty by fifty feet, surmounted by a 
cupola. It seated three hundred persons and the Sunday 
School room attached, seated one hundred. 

METHODISM IN OCEAN COUNTY. 



The first Methodists in Ocean county held their 
meetings in the old Potter Church at Goodluck. In the 
dark days of the history of Methodism, when it not 
only met with opposition from other societies on account 
of difference in religious views, but also when during the 
Revolution, their enemies unjustly charged them with 
being in sympathy with Great Britain, and would allow 
them to hold meetings in but few places, the old Good- 
luck Church was always open to them, and the people of 
this vicinity gave its preachers a welcome which they 
rarely met with elsewhere. 



410 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

It is probable that the pioneers of Methodism visi- 
ted our count}^ withiu a very few 3'ears after the princi- 
ples of the society were first proclaimed iu America, and 
that occasionally some preacher would hold forth in one 
of the free churches, iu school houses or in private 
houses, possibly as early as 1774. Rev. William Watters, 
the first itinerant of American birth, was stationed in our 
State in 1774, and it is possible that he and the noted 
Capt. Thomas Webb, of Pemberton, (then New Mills,) 
may have visited this section. That zealous, self-sacri- 
ficing minister of the Gospel, Rev. Benjamin Abbott, is 
the first preacher who speaks positively of visiting this 
vicinity, though before his visit which was in 1778, it is 
jDrobable that some if not all the following named, may 
have preached here, viz : Capt. Thomas Webb, Revs. 
Philip Gatch, Caleb B. Pedicord, Wm. Watters, John King, 
Daniel Ruff and Wm. Duke. From that time up to the 
year 1800, the names of preachers assigned to this part of 
the State is given in the " Historj' of Methodism in New 
Jersey." During the first thirty years of the present 
century, among the most noted preachers in this section 
were Revs. Sylvester and Robert Hutchinson, Ezekiel 
Cooper, Charles Pitman and Geo. A. Raybold. Rev. 
William Watters, above mentioned as the first itinerant 
of American birth, who was located in our State in 1774, 
published iu 1807 *an account of his labors here and 
elsewhare. 

THE FIRST METHODIST CHURCH. 

The first Methodist Episcopal Church at Toms 
River was built in 1828, and dedicated in the. month of 
November of that year. Revs. B. Weed and J. McLaurin 
were the preachers on the circuit, which was then a part 
of Pemberton circuit. The building was 24 by 30 feet, 
with one aisle and open back seats. It was never 
painted and had ])ut one coat of plaster. It cost $740.78. 
It was free for anybody of orthodox Christians to 
worship iu, Avlien not occupied b}^ the Methodists. The 
building was situated on Hooper Avenue, iu the grave- 
yard, opposite the present location of the church. After 



THE BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. 411 

tliirtv Tears of service as a house of worship, it was 
moved to the uorth-west corner of Hooper Avenue and 
Water street, where it now stands, and is occupied as a 
dwelling. 

THE BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. 



As evervthiug of an authentic character relating to 
the memorable Battle of Monmouth is of abiding interest, 
the following additional accounts are given of that great 
event : 

colonel john laurens' account. 

Headquarters, Englishtown, \ 
30th June, 1778. f 

My Dear Father : 

I was exceedingly chagrined that public business 
prevented my writing to 3'ou from the field of battle? 
when the General sent his despatches to Congress. The 
detay, however, will be attended with this advantage, 
that I will be better able to give you an account of the 
enemy's loss ; tho' I must now content myself with a 
very succinct relation of this affair. The situation of 
the two armies on Sunday was as follows : General Wash- 
ington, with the main body of our army, was at four 
miles distant from Englishtown. General Lee, with a 
chosen advanced corps, was ct that town. The enemy 
were retreating down the road which leads to Middle- 
town ; their flying array composed (as it was said), of two 
battalions of British grenadiers, one Hessian grenadiers, 
one battalion of light infantry, one regiment of guards, 
two brigades of foot, one regiment of dragoons and a 
number of mounted and dismounted Jagers. The 
enemy's rear was preparing to leave Monmouth village, 
which is six miles from this place, when our advanced 
corps was marcliing towards them. The militia of the 
country kept up a random running fire with the Hessian 
Jagers ; no mischief was done on either side. I was with 
a small party on horse, reconnoitering the euemv in an 
open space beftu'e Monniontli, when I perceived two 



412 HISTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

parties of the enemy advanciug by files in the woods on 
our right and left, with a view, as I imagined, of envel- 
oping our small party or preparing a way for a skirmish 
of their horse. I immediately wrote an account of what 
I had seen to the General, and expressed my anxiety on 
account of the languid api^earance of the continental 
troops under General Lee. Some person in the mean- 
time reported to General Lee that the enemy were 
advanciug upon us in two columns, and I was informed 
that he had, in consequence, ordered Varnum's brigade, 
which was in front, to repass a bridge which it had 
passed. I went myself and assured him of the real 
state of the case ; his reply to me was, that his accounts 
liad been so contradictory, that he was utterly at a loss what 
part to take. I repeated my account to him in positive, 
distinct terms, and returned to make further discoveries. 
I found that the two parties had been withdrawn from 
the wood, and that the enemy were preparing to leave 
Monmouth. I wrote a second time to General Washinfj;- 
ton. General Lee at length gave orders to advance. 
The enemy were forming themselvts on the Middletown 
road, with their Light Infantry in front, and Cavalry on 
the left flank, while a scattering distant fire was com- 
menced between our flanking parties and theirs. I was 
impatient and imeasy at seeing that no disposition was 
made, and endeavored to find General Lee to inform 
him of what was doing, and to know what was his dispo- 
sition. He told me that he was going to order some 
troops to march below the enemy and cut off their 
retreat. Two pieces of artillery were posted on our right 
without a single foot soldier to support them. Our men 
were formed piecemeal in front of the enemy, and there 
appeared to be no general j)lau or dis[)ositio!i calculated 
on that of the enemy, the nature oi the ground, or any 
of the other principles which generally govern in these 
cases. 

Tlie enemy began a cannonade from two parts of 
tlieii' line ; their whole body of horse made a furious 
charge upon a small party of our cavalry and ilispirited 



THE BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. 413 

;uul drove them, until the appearance of our infantry and 
a jndicioiis discharge or two of artillery made them retire 
precipitately. Three regiments of ours that had 
advanced in a plain open country towards the enemy's 
left flank, were ordered by General Lee to retire and 
occupy the village of Monmouth. They were no sooner 
formed there than they were ordered to quit that post 
and gain the woods. One order succeeded another with 
a rapidity and indecision calculated to ruin us. The 
enemy had changed their front and were advancing in 
full march toward us; our men were fatigued with the 
excessive heat. The artillery horses were not in con- 
dition to make a brisk retreat. A new position was 
ordered, but not generally communicated, for part 
of the troops were forming on ths right of the 
j^jround, while others were marching; awav, and all 
the artillery driving off. The enemj', after a short 
halt, resumed their pursuit ; no cannon was left to 
check their progress. A regiment was ordered 
to form behind a fence, and as spaedily com- 
manded to retire. All this disgraceful retreating passed 
without the tiring of a musket, over ground which might 
have been disputed inch by inch. We passed a defile 
and arrived at an eminence beyond, which was defended 
on one hand by an impracticable fen, on the other by a 
thick wood where our man would have fought to advan- 
tage. Here, fortunately for the honor of the army, and 
the welfare of America, General Washington met the 
troops retreating in disorder, and without any plan to 
make an opposition. He ordered some pieces of artil- 
lery to be brought up to defend the pass, and some 
troops to form and defend the pieces. The artillery was 
too ilistant to be brought up readily, so that there was 
but little opposition given here. A few shots, though, and 
a little skirmishing in the wood checked the enemy's 
career. The General expressed his astonishment at this 
unaccountable retreat. Mr. Lee indecently replied that 
the attack was contrary to his advice and o[)ini()U in 
council. We were obliged to retire to a position, whicli. 



414 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

though hastily reconuoitered proved au excellent oue. 
Two regiments were formed behind a fence, in front of 
the position. The enemy's horse advanced in full charge 
with admirable bravery to the distance of forty paces, 
when a general discharge from these two regiments did 
execution among them, and made them fly with the 
greatest precipitation. The grenadiers succeeded to the 
attack. At this time my horse was killed under me. In 
this spot the action was hottest, and there was consider- 
ble slaughter of British grenadiers. The General or- 
dered Woodford's brigade with some artillery to take 
possession of an eminence on the enemy's left, and can- 
nonade from thence. This produced an excellent effect. 
The enemy were prevented from advancing on us and 
confined themselves to cannonade, with a show of 
turning our left flank. Our artillery answered theirs 
with the greatest vigor. The General seeing that our 
left flank was secure, as the ground was open and com- 
manded by us, so that the euemr could not attempt to 
turn it without exposing their own flank to a heavy fire 
from our artillery, and causing to pass in review before 
us the force emplo^^ed in turning us. In the meantime, 
General Lee continued retreating. Baron Steuben was 
ordered to form the broken troops in the rear. Tlie can- 
nonade was incessant and the General ordered parties 
to advance from time to time, to engage the British 
grenadiers and guards. The horse showed themselves 
no more. The grenadiers showed their backs and 
retreated everywhere with precipitation. They returned, 
however, again to the charge, and were again repulsed. 
They finally retreated and got over the strong pass, 
where, as I mentioned before. General Washington first 
rallied the troops. We advanced in force, and continued 
masters of the ground : the standards of liberty were 
])lanted in triumph on the field of battle. We remained 
looking at each other with the defile between us, till 
dark, and they stole off in silence at midnight. We have 
buried of the enemy's slain, 238, princi]ially of grena- 
diers ; forty odd of their wounded whom they left at 



THE r.ATTLE OF MONJEOrTH. 415 

Monmoutli, fell into our hands. Several officers are our 
prisoners. Among their killed are Col. Moncton, a cap- 
tain of the guards, and several captains of the grenadiers. 
We have taken a very inconsiderable uuinl>er of pris- 
oners, for want of a good body of horse. Deserters are 
coming in as usual. Our officers and men behaved with 
that braver}' which becomes freemen, and have con- 
vinced the world that they can beat British grenadiers. 
To name any one in particular Avould be a kind of 
injustice to the rest. There are some, however, who 
came more immediately under my view, whom I can 
mention that you may know them. B. General Wayne, 
Cok Barber, Col. Stewart, CoL Livingston, Col. Oswald, 
of the artillery, Capt. Doughty, deserve well of their 
country, and distinguished themselves nobly. 

The enemy buried many of their dead that are not 
accounted for above, and carried off a great number of 
wounded. I have written diffusely, and yet I have not 
told you all. (leneral Lee, I think, must be tried for 
misconduct. However, this is a matter not generally 
known, though it seems almost universally wished for. I 
would beg you, my dear father, to say nothing of it. 
You will oblige me much by excusing me to Mr. Drayton 
for not writing to him. I congratulate you, my dear 
father, upon this seasonable victory, and am ever, 
Your most dutiful and affectionate, 

John Laurens. 
The Honorable Henry Laurens, Esq. 

We have no returns of our loss as yet. The propor- 
tion on the field of battle appeared but small. We have 
many good officers wounded. 

ANOTHER AOCOUNT. 

GENERALS WAYNE AND SCOTT TO GEN. WASHINGTON. 

Englishtown, 30th June, 1778. 

Sir : We esteem it a duty which we owe to our coun- 
try, ourselves and the officers and soldiers under our 
command, to state the following facts to your Excellenc}^ : 

On the 28th instant, at five o'clock in the morning we 
received orders to march with the following detachments, 



416 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

namely, Scott's aud Varuum's hrigades, Colonels Butler 
and Jackson in front, amounting to seventeen hundred 
men ; Colonels Wesson, Livingston and Stewart, witli 
one thousand men, commanded by General Wayne ; a 
select detachment of fourteen hundred men, rank and 
file, under General Scott, with ten pieces of artillery 
j^roperly distributed among the whole. 

Ab out eight o'clock, the van under Col. Butler arrived 
on the left of Monmouth Court House, on the rear of the 
left flank of the enemy, who were in full march, moving in 
great haste aud confusion. At this time our main bod}' 
under General Lee, were formed at the edge of a wood 
about half a mile distant from the Court House. Gen- 
eral Wayne, who was in front reconnoitering the enemy, 
perceiving that they had made a halt and were prejDar- 
ing to push Colonel Butler with their horse and a few 
foot, gave direction for him to form and receive them, 
and at the same time sent Major Ryles to General Lee, 
requesting that those troops might be advanced to sup- 
port those in front, and for the whole to form on the 
edge of a deep morass, which extends from the east of 
the Court House on the right a very considerable dis- 
tance to the left. The troops did arrive in about an hour 
after the requisition, and were generally formed in this 
position. 

About the same time General Scott's detachment 
had passed the morass on the left, and the enemy's 
horse and foot that had charged Colonel Butler, were 
repulsed. The number of the enem^' now in view 
might be near two thousand, though at first not more 
than five hundred exclusive of their horse. The ground 
we now occupied was the best formed by nature for 
defence, of any perhaps in the country. The enemy 
advanced with caution, keeping at a considerable dis- 
tance in front. General Scott, having viewed the posi- 
tion of the enemy, as well as the ground where about 
twenty-five hundred of our troops were formed, re- 
passed the morass and took post on the left, in a fine open 
wood, covered by said morass in front. 



THE BATTLE OF MONMOUTH. ilT 

Whilst this Avas doiuf]j, Geuoral "Wayne, perceiving 
that the troops on the right from the wood to the Conrt 
House were retreating, sent General Fishbouru to Gen- 
eral Lee, requesting that the troops might return to sup- 
port him. In the interim General Wayne repassed the 
morass, leaving Colonel Butler's regiment to keep post 
on the right flank of the enemy. Generals Scott and 
Wajme then went together along the morass to the Court 
House, when Major Fishbourn returned and said that 
General Lee gave no other answer than that he Avould 
see General Wa^ ne himself, which he never did. The 
enemy having now an opening on the right of General 
Scott began to move on, when General Wayne and Gen- 
eral Scott sent to General Lee to request him at least to 
form, to favor General Scott's retreat, but this requisi- 
tion met with the same fate as the last. The troops kept 
still retreating, when General Scott, perceiving that he 
would not be supported, filed off to the left. General 
Wayne ordered Colonel Butler to fall back also. Thus 
were these several select detachments unaccountably 
drawn off without being suftered to come to action, al- 
though we had the most pleasant prospect from our 
number and position, of obtaining the most glorious and 
decisive victory. After this, we fortunately fell in with 
your Excellency. You ordered us to form part of those 
troojDS, whose conduct and bravery kept the enemy in 
play until you had restored order. 

We have taken the libert}' of stating these facts in 
order to convince the world that our retreat from the 
Court House was not occasioned by the want of numbers, 
position, or wishes of both officers and men to maintain 
that post. We also beg leave to mention that no plan of 
attack was ever communicated to us, or notice of a re- 
treat, until it had 'taken place in our rear, as we sup- 
posed by General Lee's order. We are, &c., 

Anthony Wayne. 

Charles Scott. 



418 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

INLETS. 



On account of Barnegat Inlet being at tlie lower end 
of tlie bay and the distance vessels from the head of the 
bay have to sail to get out to sea, the need of an outlet 
nearer the head of the bay is seriously felt. 

While Cranbury Inlet was opened it afforded great 
facilities for vessels to trade in and out of the bay. As 
this inlet is laid down on a map of 1-755 (Lewis Evans) it 
is probable that it was opened — broke out from 1750 to 
1755. It was closed about 1812. During the war of the 
Eevolutiou it was much used. The question of the 
exact year when this inlet was opened has been in litiga- 
tion in our County Courts in a question involving title to 
laud on the beach in its vicinity ; no decisive information 
was obtained upon trial. 

Two or three attempts have been made to open 
inlets towards the head of the bay. One by a man 
named Ortley about 1821 ; after working a long time 
(three or four years, I have heard it said,) and spending 
much mouey on the effort, he finished the Avork one set 
day ; and that evening he and his friends had a merry 
time drinking and rejoicing over the completion of the 
work. But a sad disappointment awaited them in the 
morning, for the running tide, instead of working the 
inlet deeper, had made a bulkhead of sand and the inlet 
was soon filled up. 

Another effort was completed about July 4, 1847. 
A large number of men (about three hundred), under the 
supervision of Anthony Ivins, Jr., worked about three 
days to open one opposite Toms River ; when they 
opened it it was at high water in the bay and low water 
outside ; they expected the runuiug tide would work the 
inlet deeper, but they, too, were doomed to disappoint- 
ment, as the tides immediately filled it up with sand, 
again. 

Barnegat Inlet is continually slowly shifting and 
changing, and ahva3's has been from our earliest accounts. 



SALT WOUKS. 419 

Six or seven 3'ears ago the olil lighthouse washed 
iuto the sea, but a uew building had already l)een l)uilt 
in anticipation of this event. 

Shrewsbury Inlet (Monmouth county) opened in 
1778 and closed in 1800. In 1880 it opened again, Init 
was again closed some thirty years ago. 

At Little Egg Harbor a new inlet broke through 
Tucker's Beach about the year 1800 and Brigantine 
Inlet closed up. 

SALT WOKKS. 



During the war of the Pievolution, salt Avorks were 
quite numerous along Barnegat Bay ; two or three at 
Barnegat, Newlin's at Waretown, Brown's at Forked 
Eiver, and one or two Government works near Toms Eiver 
being among the number. 

From the following items it would seem that o& 
Toms Eiver the State of Pennsylvania had salt works 
and also that there was one there built by Congress. 

In the Pennsylvania Council of Safety, Nov. 2, 1776, 
it was 

" Besolved, That an officer and twenty-live men be 
sent to the salt works at Toms Eiver (erected by this 
State in Toms Eiver, N. J.) as a guard, and twenty-live 
spare muskets and two howitzers and a sufficient quan- 
tity of ammunition to defend in case of attack." 

In Continental Congress, 1776, the President of 
Congress " was requested to write to Gov. Livingston of 
New Jersey, for two companies of militia to guard salt 
works near Toms Eiver." 

Mention of Government salt works near Toms Eiver 
is occasionally met with in ancient deeds aD 1 of a wind- 
mill connected therewith. 

During the war nearly all the salt works along our 
bay were either destroyed by the Britisli or by storms, 
("some notice of which will hereafter be giv^n.) Those 
destroyed b;/ storms appear to have been built up again. 

I know of no salt Avorks along our coast of late years, 



420 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

except at Absecou (Atlantic county), some fifteen or 
twenty years asjo, which probably was not much used 
then. 

In the JVew Jei>ey GazMe, July, 1778, is a notice 
from the Board of Proprietors, signed James Parker, 
President, calling upon owners of salt works along the 
bay, who wish to buy wood of them from their outlauds, 
to meet them at Freehold in August and they would 
dispose of it in parcels near salt works. 

CHARACTER OP THE REFUGEES. 



GOV. Livingston's description and galloway s testimony. 



It must not be supposed that evils inflicted by the 
refugees upon our ancestors were such evils as are 
usually incident to war. Our ancestors suffered these 
in addition. It is not probable that all who were called 
Jersey Refugees were native Jerseymen ; too many were, 
it is true, but the thrift and industry of the inhabitants of 
old Monmouth, which county at one time was the richest 
in the State, the advantage of deep swamps and forests 
for hiding, the proximity of Raritan Bay, and the sea- 
board rendering it convenient to send plunder to New 
York, all formed attractions to villains from other places 
— villains whose chief object was plunder, often robbing 
Tories as well as Whigs, who scrupled at no crime to 
obtain booty, at no outrage to gratify revenge. Their 
character is clearly set forth in the following extracts^ 
one from a Whig, the other from a Tory : 

Said Gov. Livingston, in his message to our Legisla- 
ture in 1777 : 

" The Royalists have plundered friends as well as 
foes; effects capable of division they have divided; 
such as were not, they have destroyed. They have 
warred on decrepid old age and upon defenceless youth ; 
they have committed hostilities against the professors of 
literature and against ministers of religion; against 
public records and private monuments, books of improve- 



CHARACTER OF THE REFUGEES. 421 

ments and papers of curiosity, and against the arts and 
sciences. They have butchered the Avounded when 
asking for quarter, mangled the dead while weltering in 
their blood, refused to the dead their right of sepulture, 
suffered prisoners to perish for want of sustenance, 
violated the chastity of women, disfigured private dwell- 
ings of taste and elegance, and in the rage of impiet}' and 
barbarism profaned edifices dedicated to Almighty 
God." 

The following is the testimony of Gallaway, a Penn- 
sjdvania Tory of wealth and position, who at first was a 
Whig and afterwards turned Tor}', and had property 
confiscated to the amount of X40,000 sterling. Speaking 
of Refugee outrages he says : 

" Respecting indiscriminate plunder, it is known to 
thousands." 

" In respect to the rapes, a solemn inquiry was made, 
and affidavits taken by which it appears that no less than 
twenty-three were committed in one neighborhood in 
New Jersey, some of them on married women in iwesence 
of their hnsland^, and others on daughters, while the 
unhappy parents with unavailing tears and cries could 
only deplore their savage brutalit3^" 

After reading such authoritative statements of the 
character of these wretches, Avho will Avonder that our 
ancestors were aroused, determined to drive them from 
the soil they polluted. 

Our ancestors in old Monmouth did all that was 
possible for brave men to do to bring these villains to 
justice. Besides those hanged and killed at other places, 
thirteen Avere hanged on one gallows near Freehold Court 
House. 

The particulars of the capture, etc., of several of 
these villains in Monmouth is extant, but not necessary 
to introduce here, as they are given in some modern 
works. 

At the close of the war the Refugees generally went 
to Nova Scotia, but some went to the Bahamas by invita- 
tion of General Browne. In September and October, 



422 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

1782, many left New York for Halifax and the Bahamas 
by his invitation. 

BACON — SUMMARY OF PRINCIPAL OUTRAGES BY HIM. 

John Bacon, the Refugee leader, bad as he was, yet 
probably was the best one of them of whom we have 
any accounts. In the previous accounts it will be seen 
he worked at Manahawkin before the war ; was engaged 
in affiiirs at Cedar Creek, Manahawkin, Forked River ; 
killed Studson at Toms River or Cranbury Inlet, killed, 
Steelman, Soper and others, on the beach, etc. He 
plundered also the house of Reuben Soper's father, 
above Barnegat, and when shot, had on, it is said, a shirt 
stolen from Soper. The day before he was killed at 
West Creek, it is stated, he was on the beach around a 
wreck and being very officious in ordering men about, 
they found out who he was and planned to trap him at 
night. A woman, overhearing it, told Bacon and he 
escaped to the mainland just in time to be at Rose's 
house when Crookes' party came up. One tradition 
differing from Governor Fort's statement, says he begged 
for quarters and held up the table before him, but was, 
shot through the table. Bacon's wife, it is said, lived at 
Pemberton where he left two sons. (See elsewhere.) 

REVOLUTIONARY REMINISCENCES. 



Colonel Creiger, of the American schooner, General 
Putnam, cruised in and out of Barnegat five days about 
June, 1776. 

April, 1778. About the first of this month the 
British under Captain Robertson, landed at Squau with a 
strong force and destroyed a number of salt works on the 
coast; one building (probably the one near Toms River,) 
they said, belonged to Congress and cost £6,000. The 
New Jersey (iazette said of this affair : 

"About one hundred and thirty-five of the enemy 
landed on Sunday last about ten o'clock on the south 
side of Squan Inlet, burnt all the salt works, broke the 
kettles, etc.; stripped the beds, etc., of some people there 



ALMOST HANGED BY MISTAKE. 423 

Avlio I fear wished to serve tliem ; then crossed the 
river and burnt all except Derrick Longstreet's. After 
this mischief they embarked. The next day they landed 
at Shark Eiver and set fire to two salt works when they 
observed fifteeen horsemen heave in sight Avhich occa- 
sioned them to retreat with the greatest haste ; indeed 
they jumped into their flat bottomed boats with such pre- 
cipitation they sunk two of them. One of the pilots 
was the noted Thomas Oakersou. The enemy consisted 
chiefly of Greens, the rest Highlanders." 

The owners of salt works along our coast must have 
experienced a streak of ill luck about this time, as a 
letter in the Xeio Jersey Gazette, dated April 1, 1778, 
says : " The late storm destroyed many of the small salt 
Avorks along our shore with all the salt in them." (The 
storm here referred to must have been of unusual 
severity. Some accounts relating to it confirm the re- 
ports that it caused many shipwrecks on our coast.) 

May 2'2, 1778. A British vessel with a cargo of Irish 
beef and pork Avas taken by Capt. Anderson and sixteen 
men in an armed boat and brought into Toms Iliver. 
SeA^eral other jjrizes about this time Avere sent into Egg 
Harbor. Twenty-one prisoners (13 from these vessels) 
were sent to Trenton. — N. J. Gazdte. 



ALMOST HANGED BY MISTAKE. 



The folloAving interesting story has claims to be 
mentioned in annals of Ocean county as Cohdn, men- 
tioned in it, lived in the county many years, and it 
Avas owing to a citizen of our county that the man referred 
to Avas not hanged. The ^tory ma}^ be familiar to some, 
but it is Avorth repeating : 

Two brothers named Bowne, and a brother-in-law 
named Colvin, living in Manchester, Vermont, got into 
an altercation one day in a field, and the brothers beat 
Coh-iu so severely Avith hoes that he fell bleeding pro- 
fuseh', and the lirothers Avere afraid tliCA' had killed him. 



424 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

The brothers at night went to look after Colviu's 
body, but it had mysteriousl}^ disappeared, much to 
their surprise. The Bownes were generally suspected of 
having murdered him, but nothing was done until some 
seven years afterward, when some bones, thought to be 
human bones (and afterward found to ba sheep boues)j 
were found partly burned ; this and other evidence caused 
the arrest and trial of the Bownes. One was santeuced to 
be hanged and the other sentenced to imprisonment for 
life. The chief evidence was a confession of guilt by the 
younger Bowne who was sentenced to prison, though the 
elder stoutly denied the accusation. "While the two 
brothers were in jail after trial, a mau residing at Pol- 
hemus' Mills, Ocean countj^, happened m New York City 
and met with a paper containing an account of the trial ; 
while reading it he became convinced that the mau said 
to be murdered (Colviu) resided near him at Polhemus' 
Mills, with Tabor Chadwick. He sent word to the Ver- 
mont Sheriff, who came on privately to Polhemus' Mills, 
identitied Colvin and took him back, arriving at Man- 
chester only the night before the day appaiuted for 
execution of the elder Bowne. The villagers at the hotel 
were earnestly discussing the trial, some justifying it, 
others condemning it, as no daad body was found, aud 
some insisting that Colvin would yet turn up alive. 
While thus debating, the stage drove up au I th3 Sherili' 
and Colvin got out. The latter was instantly recognized 
and his arrival caused the most intense excitement ; guns 
were fired, bells were rung and people rau through the 
streets crying, " Colvin has come." The jailer, upon 
refusing to liberate the prisonsrs without Judges' orders, 
Avas brought to submit by a cannon planted in front of 
the jail. The younger Bowne, in explanation, said he 
thought they really had killed Colvin, though he could not 
account for the disappearance of the body, and he was told 
he would not be hanged if he confessed. Colvin, always 
alter was partially insane, and returned to this county 
where he died. He fancied he owned everything around 
him — otherwise his insanity was hardly observable. 



THE MntDEUEK, PETEU STOUT. 425 

There are people in Ocean conut}', yet living, who 
remember Colvin. In the JScw York Tr thane (about 
1855 or thereabouts, I balieve,) was a long account — two 
columns — -of this Colvin ati'air taken from the lips of one of 
the Bownes last living — forty years after the trial. I 
understand the case is reported in " Greenleaf's Vermont 
Reports." It must have occurred near sixty years ago. 

THE MURDERER, PETER STOUT. 



Since the Revolutionary war the only murder I now 
remember of having been committed within the limits of 
Ocean county, was the murder of a lad named Thomas 
Williams, by Peter Stout, at Goodluck. The lad was 
driving cattle to the meadows along the north side of 
Stout's Creek one morning and met Stout and began to 
ridicule him, calling him " eelhead," etc., which it seems 
was a name sometimes applied to Stout. Stout let the 
boy pass him and then slyly ran up behind him and 
struck him over the head with an axe, Avhich he was car- 
rying on his shoulder. The mother of the boy, anxious 
at his long absence, went in search and found the body. 
She carried it home — a distance of half a mile— but was 
so distracted that she never remembered anything from 
the time she saw the bod}' until she came to her senses 
at home, and found herself rocking the lifeless body. An 
inquest was held and among the Coroner's Jury was 
Peter Stout. An idea is oiiew current in various places 
that if the murderer was in the room, and touched the 
body with his fingers, the blood Avould start afresh from 
the wounds ; this was started here and all the Jurymen 
touched the body except Stout, who reached out his 
hand part way then jerked it back, turned on his heel and 
went ofi' whistling. Some blood being ol)served on his 
hand he said he had. been killing a chicken. He was 
tried at Ereehold, found guilty and hanged. He made a 
Ci)nfession which was afterward printed in panii)hlet 
form. His Ixxly was Ixiried on the south side of Stout's 
Creek. 



426 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Very many people — ^aucl among them relatives of the 
lad Williams — opposed the hanging of Stout, as he was 
deficient in sense, and generall}^ thought to be almost 
crazy at all times. The spot of the murder is still 
pointed out nearly opposite a pathway across Stout's 
Creek. This murder occurred Nov. 19, 1802. Young 
Williams is buried in Goodluck graveyard. The follow- 
ing is the inscription on his tombstone : 

THOMAS WILLI AM K. 

DIED NOTEMBEE 19, 1802. 

Aged 14 years, 9 months and 18 days. 

INTERESTING EVENTS. 



An Inquisition was held in Monmouth county Aug. 
26, 1778, to inquire into charges against persons disaf- 
fected, and a number of names in Monmouth and Ocean 
are given as having been found guilt}'. The Commis- 
sioners who tried the charges were Samuel Forman, 
Kenneth Hankinson and Jacob Wikoff. 

Oct. 14, 1778. We learn that on Wednesday last 
the enemy left Egg Harbor after burning several vessels 
and houses belonging to gentlemen who have distin- 
guished themselves by their attachment to the American 
cause. They have, it is said, bent their course towards 
Toms River, in order to destroy' our salt works." The 
burning of houses, spoken of in the foregoing, refers to 
the burning of Chestnut Neck, Atlantic county, when 
Pulaski's guards were murdered. 

Vessels of the enemy would occasionally get stranded 
on our beach during the Avar, as in the following instance : 

Dec. 9, 1778. We learn that a few days ago a 
British armed vessel, bound from Halifax to New York, 
and richly laden came ashore near Barnegat. The crew, 
about 60 in number, surrendered themselves prisoners to 
our militia. Goods to the amount of £5,000 have been 
taken out of her by our people, and it is said a number 
of prisoners have already- arrived in Bordentown ; other 
particulars not yet come to hand. 

Dec. 28, 1778. Capt. Alexander, of the sloop Eliza- 



INTERESTING EVENTS. 427 

beth of Baltimore, was taken bv the British, but was 
permitted to leave iu his small boat and landed at Cran- 
berry Inlet Dec. 28th. 

March, 1779. The sloop Success came ashore in a 
snowstorm at Barnegat aboiit March, 1770. She had 
been taken by the British brig Dilioence, and was on her 
wav to New York. She had a valuable cargo of rum, 
molasses, coffee, cocoa, etc., on board. The prize master 
and three hands were made prisoners and sent to 
Princeton. 

The Aeai Jersey Guzctte says that in Januarv, 1779, 
a Refugee named John Giberson was shot near Toms 
River. My impression is that this item is incorrect as to 
the place named ; tradition locates the place M-here he 
was shot just below Tuckerton on a place once occupied by 
a branch of the Falkinburgh family. Mickle's Reminis- 
cences of Gloucester gives a very minute account of the 
affair which is moreover substantially corroborated by 
tradition in this section. Mickle gives the name as 
William Giberson, not John. During the year 1780 
Edward Giles, of Philadelphia, iu the schooner Shark, 
was taken bv a sloop of ten guns. Giles was left in 
schooner and a prize crew of four men put on board of 
her. Giles had on board of her some choice old liquor 
with which he managed to get his four captors drunk 
and then run the schooner into Little Egg Harbor. He 
helped take the four to Philadelphia. 

(Verily it does seem that a proper use of good liquor 
sometimes effects good, as here it is shown that a man 
captured a vessel and four rnon with only a bottle of 
choice rum !) 

About the middle of December, 1780, a British brig 
in the West Indian trade was taken and brought into 
Toms River. This brig had run short of water and 
provisions, and, mistaking the laud for Long Island, sent 
a lioat and four men ashore to obtain supplies. The 
militia hearing of it manned two boats and Avent out and 
took her. She had onboard 150 hhds of rum and spirits, 
which our ancestors pronounced " excellent," so they 



428 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH .AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

must have considered themselves oompateut judges of 
sucli articles ! 

The British brig Molly was driven ashore in a snow- 
storm near Barnegat ; her prize crew were taken prison- 
ers by onr militia and sent to Philadelphia. 

March 19, 1782. The privateer Dart, Capt. William 
Gray, of Salem, Mass., arrived at Toms River with a 
prize sloop taken from the "Black Jack" a British 
galley belonging to New York. The next day his boat 
with seven men went in pursuit of a brig which was 
near the bar. A letter from Toms River written a few 
days after they left said they had not been heard from 
since. 

THE COASTING TRADE. 



The coasting interest must have been quite impor- 
tant at an early date, as numerous small vessels would 
be required to carry the luml^er to market from the 
various mills on the different streams in the county. On 
some of the streams, as on North Branch Forked River 
and on Oystsr Creek, th3 luaib^r was m ids up into small 
rafts and Hoated down to the bay where the vessels were 
anchored, and there taken on board. About the close of 
the last century and the beginning of the preseiit, the 
cedar rail business began to fail and the owners and 
masters of vessels feared they could get no remunerative 
employment for their schooners and sloops. And to add 
to their anxiety, about this tims they began to hear 
rumors that Fulton, Fitch and others had made inven- 
tions Ijy wliich vessels could be run by steam and not be 
dependent on capricious winds and tides, and that they 
would soon displace sailing vesssls. The coasters were 
incredulous, and ridiculeti the idea of a vessel being 
driven by " a kettle full of boiling water." Nevertheless 
steamboats proved a success, and not only a success but 
proved the salvation, instead of the ruin, of the coasters' 
interests, for the steamboats required pine wood for fuel 
which the vessels supplied from various points along the 
bay, and eventually from Virginia. 



BL.VCKS IX THE REVOLITION. 4*21) 

CHARCOAL. 

Between 1830 ami 1840, the supply of pine 
wood suitable for market began to fail, and the coasters 
again began to inquire " what business could next be 
found for vessels." This was satisfactorily^ answered to 
many by the starting of the charcoal trade. The long 
ranks of cordwood near all our landings, so well remem- 
bered by oldest residents, gave place to piles of charcoal, 
the dust from which made it almost impossible to tell 
whether a seafaring man was white or l)lack. Then 
came the demand for coasting vessels to carry hard coal, 
anthracite and bituminous, from Philadelphia, Alexandria 
and other places to other ports. 

Before any very large business was done in ex- 
porting charcoal, considerable quantities of it were made 
for the use of furnaces and forges. The " coaling 
grounds" for Federal Furnace and David Wright's Forge 
are named in 1795 in ancient deeds for lauds near Hurri- 
cane and Black Swamp ; the Federal company's coal- 
ing ground on Harricans Neck is named in 1797. In 
1825 "Jack Cook's Coal Kiln Bottom" and "Morocco 
Kiln" are named. 

BLACKS IN THE REYOLUTION. 



In looking over the Revolutionary history of Ocean 
and Monmouth (as well as of some other parts of the 
State) our notice is frequently attracted to the number 
of blacks who aided the British and Refugees through- 
out the war. In some of the reminiscences herewith 
published, the fact of the Blacks being with the enemy 
has been noticed, as for instance at Forked River ; the 
Refugee leader, Daven])ort, had forty with him ; at Toms 
River, the Blacks aided the British ; and the history of 
Monmouth furnishes numerous instances proving that 
the Blacks were active and valuable aids to the enemy 
as in the case of the noted Col. Tye and his comi)any, 
who were with the British in the attack on Capt. 
Huddv's house at Colt's Neck. It is no ditlicidt matter 



430 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

to tell why the Blacks aided the enem}- — they received 
their liberty by so doing. The question naturally arises 
in the mind, " AYould not our ancestors have gained by 
freeing the Blacks and thus securing their aid against 
the British?" The}' undoubtedly thought they could 
not afford the expense. It will be remembered that 
although Rhode Island and Massachusetts freed many 
slaves to join the American army, 3'et their value was 
paid to the owners — Rhode Island giving .$750, and Mas- 
sachusetts $1,000 each, for them, making it quite a costly 
undertaking. New Jersey, and particularly Old Monmout h 
was noted for liberalit}^ in furnishing men and money 
and it was thought, doubtlessly, that to buy the blacks 
of their owners to fight on our side would prove more 
costly than they could afford. Suppose there were two 
thousand able bodied male slaves in the State ; these at 
the price paid by Rhode Island — the lowest price then 
paid — would amount to a million and a half dollars — a 
very serious tax to a people already taxed seemingly to 
the utmost. The question then was not about freeing 
the slaves of the enemy ; that was a point about which 
there seemed but little dispute ; the Britjsh used run- 
away slaves and no protest against their right to do so 
(although protest was made against Lord Duumore 
afterward selling them). But when we read how valua- 
ble these blacks proved to the enemy, informing them 
who had money, plate, horses, cattle and valuables of 
any description ; where they lived ; acting as pilots or 
guides through by-roads and paths — helping destroy 
all they could not carry away and fighting with desper- 
ate, undisputed bravery. These considerations alone, to 
say nothing of the many valuable lives lost, would seem 
to show that our ancestors, in the mere selfish view of 
dollars and cents, were clearly the losers by their policy 
— certainlv so in Old Monmouth. 



JOEL PARKER. 



The followinj^- is ;ui abstract of the memorial of ex- 
Governor and Judge Joel Parker prepared at the re- 
quest of the New Jersey Historical Society by Maj. 
James S. Yard, Editor of the MonmoKfJi Dtmocrat, Free- 
hold, and read at a meeting of the Society at Newark, 
May 17, 1888 : 

It so came about, under the guidance of Divine 
Providence, that Joel Parker became Governor of 
New Jersey at the most critical period in the history of the 
War of the Rebellion. He was then forty-six years old, and 
in the prime of his intellectual and physical strength and 
vigor. In 1817 he was elected to the Assembly, and in 
1852 he was appointed as Prosecutor of the Pleas for 
Monmouth. In both of these positions he discharged 
his public duties with signal ability. In the Assembly, 
although the youngest member of that body, he distin- 
guished himself throughout the State by introducing a 
measure, which afterwards became a law, to equalize 
taxation by taxing personal as well as real property. 

In December, 1857, at a meeting of the Regimental 
Officers, he was elected Brigadier General of the Mon- 
mouth and Ocean Brigade of State Militia, and proceeded 
to thoroughly organize the corps. At the outbreak of 
the war Maj. Gen. Moore, Commander of the Third 
Division of the State Militia, resigned on account of age 
and infirmity, and on the 7th of May, 18(51, General 
Parker was nominated by Gov. Olden, and unanimously 
confirmed by the Senate as his successor. This appoint- 
ment was made for the purpose of promoting volunteering 
for the suppression of the rebellion. Party strife at this 
time was rife and bitter, but Gen. Parker's patriotic 
efforts were generally recognized and commended alike 
by party friends and foes, and put New Jersey in the 
front rank of the loyal States. 

In the Fall of 18G2, after the defeat of the operations 
against Richmond, and the famous seven days' fight on 
the Peninsula, and when the fate of our national existence 



4H'2 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

seemed to tremble in the balance, Geu. Parker was 
nominated for Governor and was elected by a majority 
three times greater than had ever before been given in 
the State for any candidate for that position. His elec- 
tion gave a new impetus to the national cause, and his 
administration, which in all respects was eminentl}' a 
successful one, was especially distinguished for its 
efficiency in promoting enlistments in the army, and for 
successfulh' keeping up volunteering for this purpose 
for a year after all other states had been obliged to 
resort to the draft to fill their regiments. 

Through these efforts New Jersey is enabled to 
boast that no man was ever taken unwillingly from the 
State to fill the quota of troops demanded by the general 
government. 

His action during the invasion of Penns^dvania by 
the rebel forces is still fresh in the public mind. Before 
the people of that State had recovered fi'om the panic 
caused by this invasion, he had rallied regiments of 
Jerseymen to the standard and was marching them to 
their defence, for which service he was publicly compli- 
mented b}" President Lincoln and Gov. Curtin. In 1864, 
when Maryland was invaded and the National Capitol 
was threatened, he did not wait to hear from the 
authorities at Washington, but immediately set about 
the raising of reinforcements to drive the invaders back. 
These are but instances of the foresight, vigor and 
patriotism which characterized his efforts throughout 
his administration down to the close of the war. 

In 1863, after the Battle of Gettysburg, and without 
waiting for the action of the Legislature, Governor Par- 
ker dispatched an agent to the battle-field to personally 
superintend, with great care, the removal of the remains 
of the New Jersey dead. A plot of ground was secured on 
the field, the bodies were carefully re-interred, and the 
ground was set apart for this sacred purpose, with appro- 
priate ceremonies, in the presence of a vast concourse of 
j^eople assembled to witness them. 

But his efforts did not stop at tlio operations in the 



JOEL I'AliKEn. 433 

field. Tliey oxteiul(Ml ulso to tlie care of the Jersey 
soldiers in their camps and hospitals and of their 
families at home. One of his first acts as Governor was 
to establish an Aoeney at Washington to look after the 
welfare of the New Jersey troops, to facilitate transfers 
and discharges in deserving cases, and to alleviate the 
sufferings of the sick and wounded. The agency also 
received money from the soldiers in the field and 
transmitted it to their families without expense to them. 
Hundreds of thousands of dollars Avere thus received 
and transmitted, and thousands of soldiers and soldiers' 
families remember with gratitude, to-day, his efforts to 
promote their welfare, and bless him for his kindlv 
sjmpathy. He also instituted inquiries into the con- 
dition of the disabled soldiers and their families, and 
appointed a commission to report what legislation was 
necessary to relieve them. In his second annual message 
he recommended the establishment of a Soldiers' Home, 
or Retreat, out of which grew the present admirable 
provision made by the State for that purpose. 

Under most, if not all of the State Constitutions, 
during the first years of the war there was no provision for 
taking the votes of soldiers in the field. This omis- 
sion Avas not discovered in time to provide in New Jersey 
for the election of 1864, it requiring two years to amend 
the Constitution ; but the Legislature of that year adopt- 
ed resolutions requesting the military autliorities to 
furlough the soldiers entitled to vote, so far as it could 
be done without detriment to the service, to go home and 
vote. Gov. Parker, in transmitting these resolutions to 
the President, expressed the wish that ' all New Jersey 
soldiers, without distinction of part}', who could be 
spared, should be allowed to come home on election da}-, 
and particularly desired that soldiers in hospitals who 
were able to travel, be allowed to visit their homes for 
that purpose. He also wrote to the State Agent at 
Washington, instructing him . to assist the soldiers in 
getting furloughs. The Constitution on this point was 
afterwards amended. 



434 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Gov. Parker was alwaj^s frank and outspoken in his 
views in regard to the conduct of the war, as he was on 
all other matters of public policy, and while frequently 
differing in opinion with the administration at Washing- 
ton, he never faltered in the discharge of his duty to 
sustain by all means in his power the effort to restore the 
Union, or in his belief in the ultimate success of the 
National cause. He was a man of strong convictions, 
and necessarily and essentially a party man, neglecting 
no honest and fair opportunity to advance the interests 
of his party, yet his first consideration was always the 
public interests. In all of his appointments, military 
and civil, he carefully scrutinized the character and 
qualifications of the candidate. No question ^f party 
ever entered into any of his appointments to the^military 
service, while in his appointments to the civil service the 
fitness of the appointee generally silenced the clamor of 
the friends of the disappointed candidates; and while 
this is the rock upon which the popularity of the 
executive is usually wrecked, and while he made 
more appointments than any other man who has ever 
filled the executive chair of our State, yet he returned 
at the close of liotli his terms of office with his popularity 
unimpaired. 

Joel Parker was innately and thoroughly a Jersey- 
man, proud of his ^State and of its history. He neglected 
no opportunity to eulogize it, and warmly resented any 
indignity aimed at it. But his patriotism was greater 
than his State pride — it embraced our whole country. 
In his love for its institutions and in his faith in its 
future glory he never wavered. He was beyond dispute 
the foremost man of his generation in his native State in 
all those qualities that go to make a man useful to and 
beloved by his fellow-men. In his private life he was 
pure and above reproach. He was not a brilliant man, 
as the world reckons it, but he was a great man, broad, 
liberal, conscientious, faithful and true, and deserves to 
be conspicuously honored by the generation that he 
served so long and so well. 



JOEL PARKER. 435 

BIRTH, PARENTAGE AND EDUCATION. 

Joel Parker was born iu Freehold township on the 
24th of November, 1816, in a house still standing on the 
Mount Holly road about four miles west of Freehold, in 
what is now Millstone township. A small village known 
as Smithburg has grown up around it recently. His 
father was Charles Parker, who was bcn-n in the same 
neighborhood, and who was Sheriff of the county, mem- 
ber of the Assambh', and for thirteen years State 
Treasurer and at the same time State Librarian. His 
mother, who was also a native of the county as it was 
then constituted, was a daughter of Capt. Joseph Coward, 
of the Continental Army. He received his primary edu- 
cation at the old Trenton Academy, and was prepared 
for college at the Lawrenceville High School. In the 
meantime he spent two years as manager on a farm 
which his father then owned near Colts Neck. He was 
graduated at Princeton in 1839, and immediately com- 
menced the study of law in the office of the Hon. Henry 
W. Green, at Trenton, and was admitted to the Bar iu 
1842, when he located at Freehold and commenced the 
practice of his profession. 

HIS EARLY CAREER. 

In 1840 he cast his first Presidential vote for Martin 
Van Buren, the nominee of the Democratic party. In 
1844 he entered the political arena in support of the 
election of James K. Polk as President, and distinguished 
himself in that campaign as a public speaker. 

HIS SOCIAL RELATIONS, MARRIAGE AND DEATH. 

Although his long and busy life was crowded with 
great ])ublic cares, he did not forget the minor public 
duties nor the ol)ligations of social life. He was one of 
the original members of the lodge of Odd Fellows of his 
town and always retained an interest in its welfare ; in 
his earlier years he took an active part in its affairs, filling 
the different official positions and re})resenting it in the 
State Grand Lodge. He was also a member of the Ma- 
sonic \od<re of his town. In both of these organizations 



436 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

he remained an honored member up to the time of his 
death. He was for many years a member of the Union 
Fire Company of Trenton, and of the Fire Department of 
Freehold, aiding both with his counsels and his purse. 
He was also a member of the Commandery of the State 
of Pennsylvania of the Military Order of the Loyal 
Legion of the United States ; a member of the Tammanj^ 
Society of New York City, and an honorary member of 
the Society of the Cincinnati of the State of New Jersey. 
In 1881 he united with the Presbyterian Cliurch of Free- 
hold, on confession of faith, and afterwards remained an 
acceptable member and communicant of that church. In 
1813 he was married to Maria M., eldest daughter of 
Samuel R. Gum mere, Clerk in Chancery of New Jersey, 
who survives him, with two sons, Charles and Frederick, 
both practicing lawyers of some years' standing at the 
Bar of Monmouth County, and a daughter, Bessie. On 
Saturday, the 31st day of December, 1887, after holding 
a special session of the Burlington County Courts, he 
went to Philadelphia, and feeling unwell he called at the 
house of a friend, where, in a few minutes, he received a 
stroke of paralysis. He died on the following Monday, 
shortly after midnight, surrounded by the immediate 
members of his family. He rallied sufficiently on Satur- 
day evening to recognize his wife, but afterwards never 
regained consciousness. 

PERSONAL APPEARANCE AND GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS. 

His personal appearance was imposing. He was 
slightly over six feet high, with a massive frame admira- 
bly proportioned, a head well poised, manly and dignified 
in his bearing, easy and attractive in liis manner ; in 
public, free and self-possessed, easily approached by the 
humblest member of the community, but never conde- 
scending to unseemly familiarity. He was persistent in 
the })ursuit of the object in Avhich he was interested, and 
in support of the cause which he had espoused ; never 
domineering, but persuasive and conciliating ; avoiding 
personal antagonisms he skilfully laid his course between 



JOEL PARKER. 437 

contending factions and reached the goal while others 
were wrangling by the way. Conservative in all his 
views and sometimes considered so almost to a fault, he 
was always a safe leader in public affairs and reliable as 
a personal adviser. 

When he died his fellow citizens throughout the 
State — all ranks and conditions of men — alike pressed 
forward to lay their tribute of affection and regard upon 
his bier. The Governor issued a proclamation reciting 
the eminent services he had rendered the State, and 
caused public honors to be jjaid to his memory ; the bus- 
iness of the courts was suspended while eulogies were 
pronounced and resolutions of respect and condolence 
were placed upon their records ; organizations, public 
and social, vied with each other in manifestations of 
friendship and esteem, and the press united in one com- 
mon expression of high appreciation of his life and public 
services. 

At the session of the Legislature of 1888 a joint 
resolution was passed by both Houses providing for the 
purchase of a portrait of Gov. Parker. This portrait 
was afterwards painted by Julian Scott, and hung with 
appropriate ceremonies in the Assembly Chamber on the 
4th of February, 1889. 

"Strong, 'mid the perils that besut his time, 
Strong, in t'- 3 chair of State he honored long, 
Strong, m devotion to his home and friends, 
\Mierever fortune found or placed him, Strong. 

"Kind, with a kindness words cannot express, 
Kind, with a sweetness born of noble mind. 
Kind, let the tear-drop pathos started, speak; 
To youth and age, to poor and sorrowing, kind. 

"Great, in the virtues that adorned his life, 
Great, in the annals of his native State, 
GRE.iT, in his fearless championship of right, 
In cveiy trust and station, truly Great. "* 

♦Frank P. MoDeriiDtt, FroehoUl, in th(! Moiim'inlh Dimucral, Jan. 12. 1888. 



438 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

PEESECUTION OF QUAKEKS. 



Edward Wharton was one of the most zealous 
Quakers of his time, and lived at Salem, Mass. In 1669 
lie gave an order to John Hance to hold and enjoy his 
lot of land. 

George Wharton and John Harwood, of London, 
appointed John Hance, of Shrewsbur}', as their attorney. 

Edward Wharton was a noted man in the history of 
the Society of Friends. He was in Salem as early as 
1655 and was called " glazier." His business or " out- 
ward occasions," as Bishop's "New England Judged" 
terms it, required him to make frequent journeys to 
Ehode Island and other places, and he frequentlj^ 
accompanied Quaker preachers on their visits to various 
places, sometimes as far as Long Island. He first began 
to suffer for his faith in 1658. In 1659 he was given 
twenty-four lashes and fined £20, which a friend paid, as 
he would not pay it. In 1661 the stripes were again 
given to him and to John Chamberlain, supposed ances- 
tor of the first Chamberlains of Monmouth, for protesting 
against the brutal hanging of William Leddra, who was 
hanged on Boston Common for preaching his faith. It 
is not stated that Chamberlain was then a Quaker, but 
his feelings of humanity prompted him to protest 
against the act. Wharton, despite all threats, remained 
with Leddra until he was executed. In 1662 he accom- 
panied two Quaker women, preachers, named Alice 
Ambrose and Mary Tomkins, to Long Island. Here the 
Dutch authorities arrested all three of them, and also 
John Tilton and Mary, his wife, William Eeape, of New- 
port, who was with them, and others, and kept them 
prisoners for ten days, and then put them all, except 
John Tilton and wife, on a ship and sent them out of 
their jurisdiction. 

In 1664 Alice Ambrose and Mary Tomkins came to 
Boston from Virginia, where they had been pilloried and 
then " give?! thirty-two stripes with a whip of nine cords 
and every cord three knots." 



TERSECUTION OF QUAKEltS. 439 

Mary Tomkins, while iu Boston, was taken so sick 
she thoni^ht she woukl die. Edward Wharton and an- 
other Quaker named Weulock Christian, went from Salem 
to see her. The constables took her to jail and both 
women and the two men were ordered to be whipped. 
Colonel Temple interceded and got three clear, but they 
vented their wrath on Edward Wharton against whom 
they had no charge but that of leaving his home in 
Salem and coming to Boston to see a sick friend. Gov; 
Eudicott issued his warrant to have Wharton given thirty 
stripes on his naked body, " convicted of being a vaga- 
bond from his own dwelling place." This warrant was 
dated June 30, 1664. Wharton was taken to the market 
place and stripped, and his arms bound to the wheels of 
a cannon. Constable John Lowell bade the hangman to 
whip, which was so cruelly done that it was testified that 
peas might be put in the holes made by the knots in the 
whip, on his flesh, arms and back. Wharton was not cowed 
by his cruel treatment, but after it Avas over he said, " I 
think I shall be here to-morrow, again ! " He was well 
off and next day he said to Lieut. Governor Bellingham : 
" How is it that I should be a vagabond yesterday and 
not to-day ? " Wharton had been in this country some 
twenty years and had supplied Governor Endicott with 
necessaries of life when he was in humble and suffering 
circumstances. A lengthy letter is given in Bishop's 
" New England Judged," complaining of Gov. Endicott's 
ingratitude and of his injustice. This letter was written 
by John Smith, possibly the one subsequently iu Mon- 
mouth, whose wife Margaret had been imprisoned all 
winter by Endicott's orders. Smith upbraided him for 
his "hard hartedness to neighbors to whom thou liadst 
formerly been beholden to and helped in a time of want 
when thou liadst no bread ! " Wharton was punished at 
other times, but the foregoing statements are sufficient to 
show why he aided in ' establishing the settlement in 
Monmouth where religious toleration should be insured. 

The persistence of Wharton in travelling with Qua- 
ker preachers, visiting them in prison and aiding them 



440 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

in every way to the best of his ability, despite stripes 
and imprisonment, show an unselfish heroism rarely wit- 
nessed. He was highly esteemed by his Puritan neigh- 
bors for everything except his Quakerism. 

Eliakim Wardell, who was first named in Monmouth, 
was a son of Thomas Wardell, who came to this country 
and was made a freeman at Boston, 1634. He had four 
sons. The father was disarmed in 1637, for being an 
Antinomian, as the followers of Ann Hutchinson were 
called. Some years later, when the Quakers began 
preaching their views, Eliakim harbored one of them 
named Wenlock Christison, for which the Court in 1659 
fined him, and, as Wardell would not pay the fine, the 
ofiicer levied " on a pretty beast for the saddle (says 
"Bishop's New England Judged") worth £14, which was 
taken for the fine, which was less than the value of the 
horse, the overplus, to make up to him, some of the offi- 
cers plundered old William Marston of a vessel of green 
ginger, which for some fine was taken from him and 
forced it into Eliakim's house, where he let it be and 
touched it not. In process of time Eliakim came to be 
fined again, and whereas, according to law, he should 
have the overplus of the beast restored to him, yet the 
executors came and took the ginger away as aforesaid, 
which was all the satisfaction that was made to him. 
And notwithstanding, he came not to your invented 
worship, but was fined ten shillings for his absence and 
his wife's, yet he was often rated for priest's hire. And 
the priest, Seaborn Cotton (old John Cotton's sou), to 
obtain his end, sold his rate to a man almost as bad as 
himself, who is named Nathaniel Boultou, who came on 
pretence of borrowing a little corn for himself, which the 
harmless, honest man, willingl}^ lent him. And he, find- 
ing thereby that he had the corn, which was his design, 
Judas-like, he went and bought the rate of the priest and 
came and measured as he pleased. Another time he had 
a heifer taken from him for priest's rates, and then 
almost all his marsh and meadow ground taken from 
him, which was to keep his cattle in winter." 



TALES OF FOREST AND SEA. -l-il 

Eliakiui Wanlell was at cue time sentenced to be 
whipped with tifteen hxshes at the cart's tail, for alleged 
disrespectful remarks of Simou Bradstreet, which re- 
marks he made because Bradstreet had sjxiken disre- 
spectfully of his (Warden's) Avife. His wife's name 
previous to her marriage was Lydia Perkins. In 1()()2 
Wardell and a man named "William Fourbish witnessed 
the whipping of two Quaker women named Mary Tomp- 
kins and Alice Ambrose, at Newburyport, and for pro- 
testing against the ])unishment, both men were put in 
stocks. His wife Lydia had been a member of the 
church, but when the Quakers promulgated their doc- 
trines she joined them. She was also a victim of the 
lash of the Puritans. 

Eliakim Wardell and wife Lydia, at this time lived 
at " Hampton, fourteen miles from Dover." There is but 
little doubt that Wardell and wife, and Edward Wharton 
of Salem, and James Heard, all Quakers, were induced to 
aid in the settlement of Monmouth by the energetic 
Quaker merchant of Newport, William Reape, whose 
business led him to various places. 

TALES OF FOREST AND SEA. 



The extensive forests in Ocean county have been 
witness of many exciting scenes occasioned by fires in the 
woods, children lost, etc. Fires in the woods have been 
too numerous to attempt to particularize. Often hun- 
dreds of acres are swept over and tens of thousands of 
dollars worth of timber are burned in a short time. 
AVith a high wind, the roar of the fire in the woods, the 
appearance of the sky, etc., are ai)palling. " Fighting 
fire " is familiar to hundreds of citizens of Ocean count}'. 
Occasionally life is thus lost as in the following instance : 

About fifty years ago, man}' persons were fighting fire 
near Forked River. A sudden shift of wind brought the 
flames with such speed down upon the men that they had 
to run for their lives to a mill pond not far oft' ; but one 
man named Collins missed the road to the pond and was 



442 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

overtaken h\ the flames and burned to death. The fol- 
lowing is a case of a child lost in the woods : 

About thirty years ago a little boy named Warren 
Conklin of some six or seven years of age, living at Bar- 
uegat, started to take his father's dinner to him in the 
woods, a mile or so from home. The boy got lost and 
search was made next day and for weeks after, and by 
hundreds of people, but of no avail until three months 
after, his body was found, partly decayed, close to where 
persons had been many times. The search was so gen- 
eral that it was estimated that it would have taken one man 
seventeen years to have gone over as much ground as the 
number did in searching for the boy. The feelings of the 
agonized parents of the lost child at such a time may bet- 
ter be imagined than described. 

Tales of shipwrecks not only of foreign vessels on 
our coast but of shipwreck of our citizens, loss of life, etc. 
are so numerous as to be impossible to attempt to give 
particulars here. 

Some of our citizens like Forman Grant, John F. 
Jones, and John Parker have lost their lives in nobly en- 
deavoring to save the lives of shipwrecked persons, and 
man}" have received gold and silver medals for risking 
life to save life. 




GENEALOGICAL RECORD 



OF THE 



FIRST SETTLERS OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES 



AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. 



Abraham — James Abraham, b. NorthamiJtoushire, Eng., cl. Sept. 
13, 17(;5, a. 0!) yrs., 6 m. IS d. ; wife Janet, d. April 3, 1747, a. 43 yrs ; 
(laughter Elizai)eth, m. Enoch I). Thomas, andd. 1762, a. 34 yrs. ; then Mr. 
Charles Abraham d. 1700, a. about 40 yrs. 

Adam, Adams -Alexander Adam is named 1700. He may have been a 
Seotch emigrant. Kobert Adam was a Scotch emigrant, named in White- 
head's history of Perth Andioy. The will of Thomas Adams of Freehold, 
dated Jan. 12, 1732, and proved Jan. 26. 1732; names wife Margery; speaks 
of four eldest children, but does not mention their names. Members of the 
Adams family early settled in Burlington county and branches have lived 
in Ocean. The will of John Adams of Chester, Burlington, dated March 
16, 16'.)',), names wife Elizabeth and seven children. Executors, Samuel 
Jennings and Francis Davenport and wife. The will of one John Adams 
of Burlington, dated March 4, 1704, names wife Elizabeth as execnitoi'. 
Alexander Adam bought land 161)4 of John Reid; was grand juror 1700. 
John Adams of Woodbridge, had 97 acres 1670 granted by Gov. Carteret. 
John Adams and w Elizabeth of Woodljiidge, N. J., m. June 1, 1(571; son 
John, 1676. 'J'homas Adams of Middlesex made will 16',).'j; tiled at Tren- 
ton. Thomas Adams, yeoman, had 224 acres in 1724, and Jedediah Adams 
had 113 acres same J'ear, whose grandfather, John Adams, bought said land 
16'.(1 of John Hodman. Joseph Adams m. Ann Newton in Biirlington 
county IJSOI. In Moorestown, Burlington county, John Adams was one of 
the first settlers; daughter Deborah m. Judah Allen. In 1()',)2 Elizabeth 
Adams, dau. of John, m. William, son of John Holliugshead. At Shrews- 
bury Friends' meeting, 16'.t5 — 7 mo. 2d, James Adams of Burlington 
county, was m. to Esther Allen, Shrewsbury. The first of the name of 
Adams who came to America were : John, Plymouth, Mass., 1621-2; 
Henry, with eight sons, Bi'aintree, Mass., 1634; William, Cambridge, 
Mass., 1635; Kobert, Ipswich, Mass., 1635; Richard, Weymouth, Mass., 
1635; Richard, Salem, Mass., 1635, Jeremy Braintree, Mass., 1637; I'er- 
dinande, Dedham, Mass., 1637; George, Watertowu, Mass., 1645; Christo- 
pher, Braintree, Mass., 1645; Ralph, Elizabetli City, Va., 1623; Robert, 
Martin Hundreds, Va , 1624; Richard, eml)arked for Va. 1635. The name 
Adams is of Welsh origin, signifying "Son of Adam." 

Akins Abial Akins was a pronnnent citizen of Toms River, Justice of 
the Peace, etc., during the Revolution and for some twenty-five years subse- 
quently. Among descendants of Stei)hen b. 173',), is Thomas, b. 1811, who 
m. Anna Salter of Newport, N. S., and is (lHK6j keeper of j)ublic docu- 
ments of the I'rovince. The Tliomas (b. 1734) came back and finally 



11 HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

settled at Dartmouth, Mass. Abiel Akins is named in Freehold Records 
1767, when he gave a mortgage for £300 to John Longstreet. In 17(J'J 
Abiel Akins and wife Patience deeded land to John Forman. Benjamin, 
Joseph and William Akin lived in old Dover township in the early part of 
the present century. In Essex county Elizabeth Akin was administratrix 
of John Akin 1746. Thomas Akin and w. Lydia of Perth Andjoj', made 
deed Aug. 17, 1752, to Jeremiah, Richard, Joseph, and Benjamin Borden of 
Monmouth. Among licenses to marry recorded at Trenton are the fol- 
lowing: 

Timothy Akin, of Monmouth, to Elizabeth WooUey, Jan. 28, 1748; 
Elizabeth Akin, of Perth Amboy, to Andrew Kelly of same place, Aiig. 18, 
1752; Stephen Akin, of Monmouth, to Elizabeth King of Shrewsburj', April 
1, 1761; Lydia Akin to Kraghead Ryle, March 27, 1779. 

Among New York marriage licenses were the following : 

Abigail Akin to John Totfey, Dec. 12, 1775; Joshua Akins to Elizabeth 
Briggs, October, 1781; John Akins to Mary Brooks, April 22, 178.3. 

Algor, (or Alger) — Benjamin Alger and Ruth, his wife, are named at 
Middletown, 1722. About the first of this name in this country was 
Andrew Algor, who was at Scarborough, Maine, 1651, who had wife, and 
children named John, Andrew, Matthew, Elizabeth and Joanna. Bi-auches 
of the Algor family settled at Lyme. Benjamin Algor m. Ruth Cottrell, d. 
of John and sister of Nicholas, who deeded land to her 1722. In tax list of 
Shrewsbury township, 1764, Benjamin Auger and William Auger were 
among persons assessed. 

Allen — John Allen, with Robert Taylor, purchased a share of land 
among original purchasers named 1667. George Allen also one share in 
1670. Jedediah Allen of Sandwich, R. I., bought in Nov. 1683, of Job 
Almy, his share of Monmoiith land George Allen m. Elizabeth Hulett 22d 
of 2d mo. 1694, by Peter Tilton, both of Shrewsbury. In February, 1694, 
on estate of Ephraini Allen, dec'd, letters issued to his widow Mary. Mary 
Allen was m. to Thomas Forman May 27, 1695. John Allen, named 
among the original purchasers 1667, was probably the sajue named in 
Friends' records of Newport, R. I , as marrj'ing Elizabeth Bacon, Oct. 14, 
1650. He had children, Elizabeth, b. 1651; Marj^ b. 1652; John, b. 1654; 
Priscilla, b. 1659; Samuel, b. 1661. All of his children were born at New- 
port. And he may have been the same John Allen named a few years 
previous at Rohoboth, Mass., where in 1644 in allotment of town lots he 
was given lot No. 42. George Allen of Sandwich, was a man of note in his 
day and his descendants are exceedingly numerous. He was b. in England 
about 1620 and d. after 1685. It is said that Ralph Allen, noted among 
early Quakers of Plymouth colony, whose descendants came to Monmouth, 
was also a son of the first George Among the eleven male members of the 
Puritan chiirch at Sandwich, Mass., in 1644, were Geo. Allen, Ralph Allen, 
Peter Gauntt and Richard Kirby, all of whom have descendants in New 
Jersey. Matthew Allen, son of the first George, of Sandwich, m. Sarah 
Kirby, June 5, 1657; he left Sandwich and settled at Dartmouth, and had 
by wife Sarah: Dorothy, b. 1659; Miriam, b. 1661; Deborah, b. 1663; 
Mary, b. 16(58; Ahazadiah, b. 1671; Matthew, b. 1677. George Allen, 2ud, 
had by w. Hannah children: Caleb, b. 1648, Judah, b. 1650; Ephraini, b. 
1652; Eliza, b. 1654; and by second w. Sarah: Matthew, b. June 16, 1657; 
James and John, t\vins, b. Aug. 5, 1658; Lydia, b. 1660; Daniel, b. 1663; 
Hannah, b. 1666; Eber, b. 1668; George, b. 1672. Most of these names are 
familiar in the early records of Monmouth, as they were handed down 
among desciendants. Ralph Allen, one of the persecuted Quakers, said also 
to have been a son of the first George of S.andwich, had descendants who 
came to Monmouth, some of whom became quite noted. He m. Easter 
Swift and had five children, the first of whom, Jedediah, b. in 1()46, came 
to New Jersey, and was a member of the colonial assembly in 1703, and is 
frccjuently named in ancient records. Ralph, son of Jedediah 1st, m. Ann, 
dau. of Mahlou Wright of Burlington county, and a Judah Allen, })ossiV)ly 
also his son, m. Deborah, dau. of John Adams, 1701. Allentown, it is said, 
derives its name from a Nathan Allen, who was probably the son of 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. Ill 

Jedi'diali, 1). 1(')7:{. llo\. George Swain iu Historical Discourse of the 
rrcshytcriau cliurcL of AUcutown, says that Nathan AUen bought in 17(10 
of lloln'rt Burnett, ^I'lO acres more or less, on Doctors (^reek and other 
lands. An abstract of liis will is given hereaftei-, and from the will of liis 
son Nathan, it would seem that the widow of the first Nathan had married 
again. In a recoid of Quakers 1704, given in Pa. Hist. Mag., vol. 7, \t. :}70, 
Nathan Allen is named us a (Quaker from Burlington. Rev. John Allen of 
Woodbridge, came froni England about December, IGiM), and was minister 
of the Presbyterian church there for a few years. He was married three 
times. The name of his last wife was Deliverance Potter. The last names 
of the others are unknown. In Daily's History of Woodbridge are records 
copied at considerable length. In the Revolutionary war Jacob, John, 
Judah, and Nathan Allen of Monmouth were soldiers, and also Edward, 
Joseph and Peter of Builingtou. On the side of the Loyalists was Isaac 
Allen of Trenton, who owned land in Monmouth, who was Lieut. -('ok)uel 
in the second biittabon of New Jersey Royal Volunteers. At the close of 
the war he went to St. John, New Brunswick, and was given lots No. 5(J-7 
in 17h;1 He was api)oiuted Assistant Judge IWKi and his grandson, John 
Campbell, 1). 1S17, was api)ointed (^ hief Jxisticeof New Brunswick 1K75, and 
still holds (iHS'i) that position. Among the Loyalists who had land 
gi'anted to them in 1783, in St. John, were William, John and Benjamin 
Allen. The abstracts of wills of Aliens, recorded at Trenton, include 
persons of the name in the upper part of the State. In the early settle- 
ment of Elizabethtowu a John Allen is named. In Morris county Cai^t. 
Jol) Allen was a prominent citizen as eai'ly as 1730. Deacon Gilbert Allen, 
a man of note in Morris, was a son of Jacob Allen, who possibly was a son 
of ('harles, b. 1702 and d. 1786. A long list of abstract of wills, and of 
api)ointment of administrators and guardians relating to the Allen family, 
are recorded iu the office of the Secretary of State at Trenton. 

Allmy —Christopher and Job Allmy were among the number of origi- 
nal jjurchasers of land 16(17. They were brothers, and sons of William 
Almy (as the name is now spellen) who came over from England with Gov. 
Winthrop and was at Lynn, Mass., 1631, and iu 1637 was among the num- 
ber who founded Sandwich in that State. In 1642 he removed to Ports- 
mouth, R. I. It is said that when the Quakers began promulgating their 
faith about 1657, he joined that sect. He was b. about 1601 and d. 167<). 
He had children: Ann, b. about 1627 who m. Deputy-Gov. John Greene, 
and Christopher, John, Job and Catharine. Christopher was generally 
known as Captain, from his commanding a vessel that traded lietween 
Newport, Monmouth and other places. He returned to Rhode Island to 
live by or before l(i78, but occasionally came back on business. He was a, 
Deputy in Rhode Island 16SH) and the same year was elected Governor, but 
declined the i)osition, "giving satisfactory reasons." In 1693-5 he was an 
agent iu England for Rhode Island. Christopher Almy was one of the 
first to settle in Monmouth, and was here at least as early as 16(55. 

Andkkson— Capt. John Anderson, who is frequently named in county 
and State records in the early part of the last century, was 1). al>out 1665 in 
Scotland, and said to have been baptized and educated in the communion 
of the Episcopal Church, Scotland, and had the " Right Rev. Father in 
God, John Lord Bishoj) of Ross for his Godfather." He was a sea (captain 
for a tim<^ and comniiinded the ship l^nicorn in a Scottish expedition to 
Darien, and, after a cruise of over threes years he brought his vessel to 
Perth Amboy, where he probably stopped awhile before coming to Mon- 
mouth. He m. Anna, d. of John Reed, the noted Deputy Surveyor of East 
Jersey. Capt. John Anderson was a justice 1710, member of the Colonial 
Council 1713, and in subsequent yeai's was President of the Council in 1736, 
when iu the early part of that year the Governor of New Jersey, William 
('osby, died and the government of the State devolved upon ('apt. Amh-r- 
son, who, however, held th(^ position but (eighteen days, when in 1736, aged 
70 years, he also died, "Ijinuaitf^d by all his acipiaintanccs. " Col. John 
Andta'son had children John, James, Kenneth, Jonathan, Margaret. Helena. 
Anna, Elizabetli, Isabella. His will was dated Jan. 20. 1733, and ])roved 



IV HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

April S, 173(). The son Kenneth Anderson became a colonel and had a 
daughter Isabella, %vho married Colonel Nathaniel Scudder, a hero of the 
llevolution, who was killed by the Refngees Oct, Ki, 17Sl. Among tax- 
payers in Freehold 1776 were Kenneth, Kenneth, Jr., .Joshua, James and 
Matthias Anderson. 

Antoniues -Johannes and ^^^feJ Joanna Kourvenhoveu, were mem- 
bers of Marlborough Brick Church, 1724. Jacob Antonides, b. Oct. 8, 
178U, m. Elizabeth Sutphen Dec. 18, 1800; she was b. Oct. 1, 1781; they 
had children: John, b. 1801; Abram, b. 1807; Archibald, b. 1808; Phebe, 
b. 1810; Debftrah. b. 1812; EUza, b. 181(i. The son Abram married Lydia 
of Reuben Tilton and had children: Delia Ann, Charles, Eiizabel;h, who 
m. Charles W. Ten Brook, Ira, Eleanor, Deborah Jane, Emeline, who m. 
Charles Curtis, William W., Laura, who m. Louis Lane, and Stephen S 
Johannes Antonides, the tirst of the name in Monmouth, was m. to 
Annetze Willenne, daughter of William Gerretse Van Couvenhoven and 
wife, Jannetse Montfoort Couwenhoven, of Flatlands. Johannes was her 
second husband, her tirst having been Aert Williamson. 

Antrim— The Antrims of Ocean CoTiuty are probably descended from 
John Antrim, who was b. about 1057, and was m. in 1(182 at Salem, N. J., 
to Frances Butcher, d. of John Butcher. He subsequently settled in 
Burlington County and in the census of old Northampton Township, taken 
1709, it is stated that he was then 52 yrs old, his wife, Frances, 50; chil- 
dren, John, aged 24, James, a. 23, Thomas, a. 19, Ann, a. 17, Mary, 16, 
Isaac and Elizalteth, twins, 14. John Antrim, second of the name, b. 
about 1685, m. Amy (Mary ?) Andrews in 1714 at Chester Nichols' meeting. 
About the tirst of this family in America was Thomas Antrim who left 
Southampton, England, on the ship James, in 1635, and landed at Boston 
June 3, and subsecpiently settled at Salem, Mass. He had children, Obadiah, 
Mary and John. His will was dated 11m. 24, 1662, and names son Obadiah and 
d., who m. at Biirmah. John Hance, in his will, names d. Mary Antrim. 
John Antrim is named 1692 as a member of Burlington Yearly meeting. 
In 1724 James Antrim owned 300 acres in Manstield, Burlington County. 
1796, April 10, Joseph Antrim, of Burlington County, m. Hannah Stockton. 
In upper Freehold John Antrim and wife were living at close of last century. 

AppLECiATE —Thomas Applegate and Bartholomew Api)legate are 
named in Freehold records in 1674. They were from Gravesend, Long 
Island. Thoiigh Bartholomew visited the county, it is not probable that 
he settled in it. Thomas Applegate m. Johannah Gibbons, d. of Richard, 
who was one of the twelve Monmouth Patentees. He d. about the lie- 
ginning of the year 1699. He left sons, Thomas, John, Daniel, Joseph, 
Benjamin and Richard. His w., Johannah, survived liim and she and her 
father, Richard Gibbons, were his executors. His will was dated Feb. 1, 
1698, and proved Feb. 29, 1699. His eldest son Thomas, settled at Perth 
Amboy. He had w. Ann; and sons Thomas, John, James and Andrew. 
Among the licenses to marry recorded at Trenton are tlie following: 

Benjamin Applegate, of Middlesex, to Elizabeth Parent, of same 
coianty, July 18, 1729; John Applegate, of Middlesex, to Sarah I'ettitt, of 
same county, Oct. 6, 1736; Ebenezer Applegate, of Monmouth, to Mary 
Imlay, July 9, 1743; James Applegate, of Middlesex, to Eiiz ibeth Buckalew, 
Feb. 21, 1744; Daniel Applegate, of Monmouth, to Elizabeth Hulett, Jan. 
31, 1745; William Applegate to Hannah Potter, Monmouth, Oct. 28, 1747; 
John Applegate, of Monmouth, to Mary Cottrell, Sept. 27. 174S. 

Among marriages recorded at Freehold are the following: 

Jacob Applegate, Jr., to Margaret Luker, July 10, 1796; by Abicl Akin, 
of Toms River; John Applegate to Sarah Hudson, Jan. 19, 1799; by l>en- 
jamin Lawrence of Toms River. In the patriot army in the Revolution 
were the following Applegates: Daniel, John, Bartholomew, BenjaTuin, 
Robert, James, Joseph and William from Monmouth; Andrew, Asher, 
Charles, Joseph, Nathaniel, Noah, Robert, Thomas, William and Zebulon 
from Middlesex; Daniel, from Morris; William, from Hunterdon; another 
William, from Biirlington. In the old Dover Town Book the name Apple- 
gate frequently occurs. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. V 

Ai'PLK(iATEs OF OfEAN CouNTY : (Fioui oltl fiuuilv Bibll! of Elijah 
Eobius) EboiK'zer Ai>i»log!ite aiul .Sniab, his wife, hail chiltlieii, viz : 
Apollo, b. May 25, 17!)H; Salcni, b. ISOO; An^eliue, b. IKO'J; Ebenozer, b. 
1805; Joseph, b. IHOS; Closes, b. ISIO; Sarah, b. lKl:i; James, }>. 1815; 
Amauda. b. 1818; Helen, b. 1821. Of the above, Amanda m. Jn(l<,'e Wm. 
I. James; Sarah, James Robinson; Augeliue, first, Clayton Robins and 
second, Col. Samuel C. Dunham. Joseph was the well remembered Jus- 
tice of the Peace of Toms River. 

The following notes are also in this Bible : 

Ebeuezer Apjilegate, d. Oct. ',^, 1851; Sarah, d. April 24, 18()1; Jacob, 
d. Oct. fi, 1818, a. <J5 jts; Lncinda Akin, d. Dec. (>, 1820; iMoses, son of 
Ebenezer, is living 1887. Descendants of Thomas and Johannah Apple- 
gate must now number many thousands, and are widely scattered through- 
out the country. Richard Applegate of New Jersey, m. Amy Feuton and 
they had twelve children. The family moved to Westmoreland county. 
Pa., and thence to Louisville, Ky., where he died in 1782. The Ap])le- 
gates of this line are described as having "very large head«, and much 
natural mechanical and mathematical talent," as Vieing "a (piiet, steady, 
solid race and were held in high esteem by their neighbors." The founder 
of the Applegate family was Thos. Applegate, an Englishman who is named 
among the patentees of Flushing, L. I., in the patent dated Oct. IS), 1()47, 
issued by Gov. Kieft. In regard to the origin of the surname Ajiplegate, 
Lower, the best authority on surnames, says it is from the ancient Saxon 
word Applegarth. In England were ancient families named Ajjplegarth, 
Appleyard and Applethwaite, all meaning substantially the same— an apple 
orchard. Thomas Ajiplegate was of a party that resid d for a short time in 
Holland before they came to Long Island, and their residence in Holland 
indicates that they left England because their religious or })olitical views 
were objectionable to the government of Charles I. 

Arnky — Joseph Arney was taxed in iijjper Freehold 1758. The name 
occurs at an earlier date in Burlington couutv. John Arnev lived there in 
173y. 

.Archeu George Archer was taxed in Shrewsbury 1761. The name 
Archer appeai-s early in Rhode Ishiud; John Archer was a freemen at 
Portsmouth near Newport in 1055. Members of this family were also early 
settlers in Westchester county. Descendents of the tirst Archers in West 
Chester are given in Bolton's History. In Burlington ci)unty Isaac Archer 
was m. to Sarah Stokes Nov. 24, 17!}',). 

Arnold Steven Arnold was among the original purchasers of land of 
the Indians in Monmouth named 1(')(J7. He paid as his share £'.\, and was 
awarded "home lot " No. 17 in the allotment at Middlttown, and also an 
outlet "in Poplar field and Mountauy field." At the tirst General Assem- 
bly, Dec. 14, lt)()7, he was a Deputy with James Ashton from Middletown. 
In 1()68 his cattle marks are recorded. In 1()G!) he was named as an arbi- 
trator in a land c;xse. At Barnegat, Ocean county, members of the Arnold 
family were settled diiring the last century, and were leading members of 
the Society of Friends. This branch probably descended from the Arnold 
family of Long Island. llichar<l Arnold was perhaps the first Qunker of 
the family in New Jersey, named in KWO In the (Quaker graveyard at 
Barnegat are small tombstones to the memory of Samuel Arnold, d. 1817; 
his w. Lorany d. 18:39; John Arnold d. 1818. By his side is buried Rachel 
Arnold, d. 1823. In 17i)5, at Little Egg HarVior Quaker meeting, James 
.Arnold was m. to Phebe Innian. The same year Samuel Arnold was m. to 
Rany (Lorany) ('ox. Levi Cranmer, one of the founders of the Quaker 
Church at Barnegat, who was m. in 1743, had a d. who ni. a John .\rnold. 

Aku iwsMiTH -Edward .'\rrowsmitli was named in Staten Island about 
1683 and Joseph a few years later. In record of New York marriage 
licenses is one Feb. 1, 1702, for Jo.sejjh Arrowsmith and Martha Pollom. 
Joseph was a member of the Court (1712) on Staten Island. Edward 
Arrowsmith was m. to Margaret Angle, Jan. 2, 1783, both of New Jersey. 
Major Thomas Arrowsmith of Monnn)nth, was State Treasurer 1843-5, and 
was Judge of the Court of Errors an<l Appeals for several years; he ui. 



VI HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

EinuiiX Vixu Braklc, d. of Matthias. George Arrowsuiitli, b. Ai)iil IN, 183'J, 
t'oiirth isou of Major Tboinas, a native of Monmouth, was a Lient.-Col. of 
the l-47th N. Y. Vohinteers, and was killed Jnly 1, 18()3, at the battle of 
Gettysburg; he was a graduate of Madison University; of fine intellectual 
attainments, and his daring services in the army gained him the name of 
the "Young Lion." Of the iirst of the Arrowsmiths there were two on 
Staten Island the first half of the last century, Thomas and Edward. They 
were Englishmen and appear to have aspired to an aristocratic position in 
society. Their public services were chiefly of a military character. In fhe 
burial ground of Christ (Jhurch, Middletown, are tombstones erected 
to members of the family as follows; : Thomas Arro-Sniith, who d. in iHiH) 
in the 48th year of his age; Gertrude, w. of Peter Flinn and former relict 
of Thomas Arrowsmith, d. 1846 in the 78th year of her ag. ; Josejjh Arrow- 
smith, d. Feb. 8, 181(), in the 24th year of his age; Sarah, rdict of Joseph 
Arrowsmith, d. July 8, 1842, in the 48th year of her age. 

Aksley — Kobert Arsley in 1G78 received a warrant for (U) acres of 
land. 

AsHTON — James Ashton of Rhode Island, settled at Middletown 1G65, 
and is named in the settlement of accoiints, 1667, among the original jnir- 
chasers. May 25, 166'J, he was chosen a depiity to act at the "general 
court" or assembly to meet at Portland Point. He is subsequen.ly fre- 
qviently named in ancient records. At Middletown in Monmouth Coiinty, 
Kev. James Ashton was the first regular Baptist minister and his son 
James was also a Bajitist minister at Cmsswicks in I'pjjcr Freehold. In 
167U James Ashton received a warrant for 347 acres of land. Under Grants 
and Concessions he claimed for self and wife, as actiial settlers in 1G65, 240 
acres of land. In 1698 he executed a deed of gift to his son James for 480 
acres at Crosswicks. The records of Ilahway and Plaiutield Quaker meet- 
ings state that Joseph Ashton was permitted to in. Mary Fitz I\audol2)h, by 
Woodbridge Monthly meeting 7m. 20, 1711. Among taxpayers in Upjier 
Freehold, 1731, were John Ashton, Esq., and Josej^h Ashton. lu same 
township, 1758, Joseph Ashton was taxed for 200 acres of land. In 1764 
there was a John Ashton taxed in old Shrewsbury township. The follow- 
ing mariiage licenses were recorded in the Secretary of State's office, 
Trenton : 

Joseph Ashton to Mary StiUwell, Feb. 5, 1740; John Ashton to Catha- 
rine Taylor, June 2, 1741; both of above, Monmouth County; Eobert Ash- 
ton to Hannah Farnsworth, Feb. 15, 1748; Joseph Ashton, of Bucks 
County, Pa., to Susanna Nutt, Jan. 2(i, 1756; John Ashton, of Bucks 
County, Pa., to Mary Fenton, of Burlington County, N. J., Feb. 13, 1765; 
Joseph Ashton, of Burlington, to Ann Helsen, June 19, 1770: Thomas 
Ashton, of Gloucester Coimty, to Hannah Hugg, Ji;ne 19, 1771; Eden 
Ashton, of Hunterdon County, to Margaret Louderbank, Aug. 17, 1780. 
In 1806 Isaac Ashton and wife Mary, and Elizabeth Ashton lived in Dover 
township, now in Ocaan County. The Ashtons were an ancient, honor- 
able family in England and the pedigree of the main l)ranches has Ijeen 
preserved. The Ashtons, or Asshetons as the name was anciently wiitten, 
of Ashton under the line, date back to the time of Henry II to Orm Fitz 
Edward, who m. Ermina, d. of Bartm Alliert de Gresly. Sir Kalph Ashton 
of this family, was Knight Marshal of England in the time of Edward VI, 
and was known as the Black Knight of Ashton, under the line. 

AiJMAOK— John, Tunis, Stephen and Thomas Aumack iire named in 
Freehold in the early part of the last century. The will of •lohu was dated 
Jan. 23, 1719. Tunis Amak and w. Lena were members of the old BricU 
churt^h, Marlborough, 1723, and Stephen and w. Jannetse Janse were mem- 
bers in 1727. Stephen, it is said, had a gi-audsou Matthias or Mattavus, 
who died at Middletown 1853. The name Stephen was common in the 
family. Tunis, son of John, it is said, m. Lena or Helena Lane. In 17()1 
Stephen and Tunis Aumack were taxed in Middletown. In 17t)4 Stejihen 
Aumack was taxed in old Sln-ewsliury townshij). In 1766 Jacob was taxed 
in Fre((hold. In the Revolutionary Army were Tunis, John and AN'illiam 
Aumack. The first of this family in this country was Theunis Jantz Van 



GENEALOGICAL RECOIJD. Vll 

Aniacb or Auiak, who came over from Hollaud in l(i73. He settled at 
Flatlaiuls, Lony Islaiul, ami iu KJiWbe had tlieii a wife (EykeV) ami tive 
children. The Van was soou after dropjied from the mime. In the records 
of tlie Marllioronj^h ]>rick Church Stephen seems to be the tirst whose sur- 
name is spelled Aumac'k. Sarah Anmack was m. to Gilbert Lane Jan. 10, 
IT'.Hi, by Esipiire Abiel Akin of Toms River. In Howell township William 
Aumack was m. to Sarah Stout March 2, IHOC). William Anmack was a 
prominent citizen and merchant at Cedar (.'reek. Ocean coimty: he d. Dec. 
b"), iHol, a. 71 yrs. He had sous John, Elijah, Eiley, aiid Benjamin 
Franklin. 

Ai'STiN, Ai'STEX, AsTox — The ear mark of William Austen is given in 
Jliddletown Town Book l(i77, and it was tranf erred to Richard Stout, Jr., 
IW'). In 1()S7 Wni. Austone (probably the samel received a patent for land. 
The will of Wm. Aston was dated Oct. 7. 17ito, proved January, 1707, 
muned w. Jenett, daughter-in-law Hannah Mills; mentions his daughter 
Mary living with Abraham Brown near Crosswick's Creek, who, he is in- 
formed, is m. to an Indian named Peter Powell. Executrix, w. Jennett. 
He made his mark to will. 

ArcKMAX -Thomas Auckman of Freehold. May "io, 1714. His will 
names w. Rachel, d. Auch |?| Sarah, Ruth. Hauiiah, and Mary; sons John 
and Thomas. Gives to Thomas land in Am well. He empowers executors 
to sell certain lands in case of death of any sou. Wife, executor. 

Baker — John Baker bought a tract of 100 acres of land on Doctors 
Creek, of the Indians, the deed for which is in the lil)rary of the New Jer- 
sey Historicid Society. The consideration paid was 3 guns, 3 kettles, 5 
match coats, i cloth coats, 4 shirts, 20 knives, 1 pound powder, 12 bars 
lead, () pounds shot, 1 anchor, tobacco, 1 barrel beer, 30 (piarts rum. Per- 
hai)s this was the Capt. John Baker noted in the early history of Eli/abeth- 
town. 

Baekaxow. Barkelo -Derick Barkelo and Janeke Van Arsdale. his w., 
were members Marlborough Brick Church 1711. Derick Barkelo, weaver, 
Freehold, bought land 171".! of Thos. Foreman and Mary, his wdfe. This 
Derick was b. in Flatlauds, L. I., and named in assessments there 1()7<">; m. 
Sept. 17, 170'l, Jimnetze Van Arsdalen of Flatlauds. Dirk or Derick Bar- 
kelo was a son of Wm. Janse Van Barkelo, who came to this country lt).57 
from the towu of Borculo or Borkeloo, in the earldom of Zutphen iu the 
province of Guilderland. William Janse Van Biirkelo resided for a time in 
New Amsterdam and afterwards at Flatlauds, L. I., at which place he was 
assessed KwG and "83. The Mill of Derick Barkalow of Freehold, dated 
July, 171(-1, proved Aug., 1744, mentions wife; sons Daniel. William and 
Cornelius; daughters Helena, Jennet and IMary; grand-daughters Eliza! )eth 
and Jfiue Suyd;im; sister A eltee Wyckoff. In \7')H William Barcalow was 
taxed in I'pper Freehold for 245 acres. Among taxpayers in Freehold 177C> 
were Cornelius. Daniel. Stephen and Samuel Barkelo or Barkaloo. 

Baird John Baird of Freehold executed a release to John Nisiiiuth 
1714. The Brick Church Memorial states that John Baird came to Mon- 
mouth about UWO, and it gives the following amusing story: "The 
Bairds endeavored, l)ut without success, to introduce a new mode of court- 
shij). The tirst of thit name was John, and tradition declares that one day 
he met Mary Hall, whom he afterwards married, iu the woods. As both 
were bashful, they halted iit some distance fnuii each other under a tree. 
It was love at tirst sight, and in a short time Johu, who was a Quaker, 
broke the silence 1)y saying: 'It tliou wilt marry me. say yea; if thou wilt 
not, say nay." Mary said 'yea' and proved a noble wife and mother." In 
Freehold 177l'>, among taxpayers were Barzillai. Jcmathan, Obadiah. Zebulou 
and David Baird. Caroline" E. Herbert, d. of Joseph, b. July K, 1821. m. 
Zebulou Baird, and they settled iu Southern Illinois. The following mar- 
riage licenses are recorded at Trenton: Zebulou Baird of Monmouth, to 
Ann Smith. Feb. 1, 174'.»; David l^aird to Sarah Compton. Oct. 27, 1744, 
Samuel Baird to Susannah Rogers, 17<'.2; Andrew Baird to Sarah - , 
Oct. 27, 17(;2; Zebulou Baird to Lidy Hildreth, 17(;r,. hi To].anemus 
graveyard are following inscriptions on toml)stones : Jnhn Raird, who 



Vlll HISTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

came from Scotland 1683, d. April, 1755, a. about 90 yrs, and of houcKt 
character. John Baird, Jr., d. Feb. 6, 1747, a. 40 yr.s., 10 days. Zebulou 
Baird, d. Jan. 28, 1804, a. 83 vrs., 3 mos., 15 dys. Anna, w. of Zebulon 
Baird, d. Dee. 28, 1794, a. 63 yrs., 4 mos., 11 dys. 

Bashan — In 1678 Mrs. Micall or Micha Spicer, of Gravesend, gave a 
deed for land in Monmouth to Henry Bowman, excepting a small tract for 
Bashan, a negro man, to live on. Possibly he was the "Bash fShamgnugoe" 
named in Perth Amboy records and in N. J. Archives, vol. I., among those 
who took the oath of allegiance 1668. Mrs. Hpicer owned lauds on Long 
Island, in West Chester county, N. Y., and in Monmouth. She was the 
mother of Samuel Spicer. Her deed to Bowman except "so much of same 
as one Bashan, a negro that was sometime my servant, shall in one place 
choose to make use of for his lifetime." Dated 4th mo., 24, 1678, and wit- 
_nesse(l_b3' John Tittfiiij Si\, and Thomas Morgan. 

Baknes —Thomas i]arnes, for self and w. Mary and maid servant, re- 
ceived a grant of l!SO acres of land 1676. He is named as juror same year. 
He died, and in 1682 a grant was made to Mary Barnes and her children of 
146 acres in right of her late husband, Thfimas Barnes, of Shrewsbury, 
lands adjoining Abiah Edwards, Lewis Mattox, John Williams and others. 
It seems the family subsequently removed to New York, as in 1679 Susan- 
nah and Sarah Barnes, both of city of New Y'ork, deeded lands of ' ' their 
loving father, Thomas Barnes, late of Shrewsbiiry," to John Stuart. Wm. 
Barnes is named 1656 at Gi'avesend, L. I. Some of the persons i^ersecuted 
in Massachusetts left there and went to Rhode Island, from whence some 
came to Old Monmouth. A Thomas Barnes was for a time a resident of 
Ilhode Island, and he may have been the one who subsequently came to 
Monmouth. 

Barclay— John Barclay is named as a Grand Juror, 1690. It is not 
probable that he was long a resident of Monmouth. He was a lirother of 
Governor Robert Barclay. He came to America about 16S2 and retuiiied 
to England the following year. A j'ear or two after, he returned and tirst 
took up his residence at Elizxbethtown, then at Plainfield, and about 1688 
at Amboy. In January, 1689, he was ajipointed Deputy Siirveyor of East 
Jersey, under George Keith. He subseqiiently held other positions and in 
1704 he represented Amboy in the Assembly. He died in the Spring of 
1731 at an advanced age, leaving a sou, John, who was living in 1768. In 
1701 a deed recorded at Trenton was hxmi Robert Barclay, of Ury, Scot- 
land, one of the proprietors, to his father, Roljert Barclay — land in 
Manalapan. 

Bailey, Baley — Nathaniel and Elias Baley were taxed ]7()1, in Middle- 
town. 

Baylis -Elizabeth Baylis, of Middletown, deeded, 1718, to Thomas 
Applegate, blacksmith, lands formerly' belonging to John Baylis. Then; 
was a John Baylis at Jamaica, L. I., 1(560, and Elizabeth liaylis, who, in 
1664, m. at Gravesend, James Hul)b<ird, ancestor of Hubbards of N. J. 

Beakes— Edmund Beakes, of Burlington Co., was a witness to 
Friend's marriage, Shrewsbiiry, 1720, and in 1733 jjurchased land in Son- 
man's Patent, in what is now Ocean ('o., and built a sawmill. His saw- 
mill was freqiiently referred to in subsecpient years. In 1745 it is referred 
to as an N. E. side of North Branch Toms River, and as opposite Poll 
Bridge Branch. In 1758 William and David ]>eakes were taxed in Upper 
Freehold. 

Bedle, Beedle, Biddle — InTo])anenms giaveyard is a tombstone erect- 
ed to Jeremiah Bedle, whod. in 1732, a. 79 years. J'eiiajah Bedle, of Middle- 
town, was licensed to m. Sarah Orchard, of Middletown, July 21. 1750. 
In the Revolutionary Army were Joel and Thomas l^eedle. Isratd Bedell, 
a tory, of Staten Island, in 1779, had property in Monmouth which was 
confiscated. Joel J^eadle bought, Oct. 2, 1772, property of John and 
Thomas Walling, executors of Thomas Walling. His name is spelled both 
Beadh; and Beddh;. In 1794 Elijah Beddle and w., Elizabetli, deeded land 
to Cornelius (!ovenhoven. In 1796 Thomas Beddle and Amy J)(;ddle deeded 
land to Thf)mas Smith. In ISUI Thomas lieddle of Middletown, l)ought 



i 



GENEALOGICAL llECOHD. IX 

land of Hciuliick Viiu Dome. lu 1S(I7 Tboiims IJccWlc bouKlit land of ox- 
t'cutors of Joliu Wrdl. The same year lie and \v., Aniy, sold to (Ulbert 
Lane, and he si<^ned liis name Bedle:in IHO'.I Thomas and Amy Beedle sold 
land to l\ichai(l Beedle. In IMld, John Hedle and w., Ann, are named. 
Oct. 12, IHOO, Joel Beadle was ni. to Mary Willett bv Benjamin Bennett V. 
D. M. Thomas L Bedle settled at ^Nliddletown Point iu lH2r). and m. Han- 
nah Dorsett and had two sous, Jose])h D., b. 1S:^1, who became (iovernor 
of New Jersey. Eiehard Bedle died near Mattawan, Se])t. 7, 1H72, a. iV.i 
years. The name of the noted ]5iddle family of West Jers(>y. to whieh 
belouped C"oninu>dore liddle and also Nicholas Biddle of United States 
bank fame, was st)metimes spelled in ancient records Bedle. In ICiKtj 
\Villiam Bedle took up 270 acres of land in AVest Jersey and was the an- 
cestor of the Biddle family of West Jersey. In 1826 Elijah Eedk^ was 
nmrdered by a negro slave named Tony, T;elongiug to J()sei)li Uorsett, of 
Bethany, near Keyport. Tony was executed on the old race course about 
a mile from Freehold Court House by Slunitt' John J. Ely, who was in 
office 182") to 1828. James Bedle, a brother of Elijah, had a son named 
James Madison Bedle, who was murdered in ("alvert Co., Md., by a negro 
named Albert Saundas, in 187:1 Young Bedle was of a roving disiio.sition 
and left home in 1858 and for some reason had assunu'd the name of 
Eugene Archie Burdell. 

_^^ Bennett -Isaac Bennett was one of a company to whom was granted 
whale fishing privileges, 1(')7!(. Arian is named in court proceedings 17ll((. 
William Bennett is named among founders of the Presbyteiian Church, 
Freehold, 1705. Thomas Bennett, of Shi'ewsbury, made will dated Oct. 17, 
1717. In tax list of Middletown, 17(11, Hendiick Bennett, John Bennett, 
Winance Bennett, William Bennett, Sr., William Bennett, son of John, 
and William Bennett, C. M., are named. In tax list of Shrewsluuy, 17<'>H, 
William Henuett and Thomas Bennett are named. Rev. Benjamin Ben- 
nett, Ijorn 17f)2, was a Baptist minister and Be])resentative in Congress 
1815-lU. He died at Middletown, Oct. 8, 1840. In Mhat is now Ocean Co. 
Moses Bennett was m. to Patience Imlay Aug. 2(5, 180R, by (iabriel Wood- 
inansee. About the close of last century David Bennett m. Polly Holmes, 
d. of John Holmes, of Forked Kiver. Some of the tirst of the Bennetts 
in Monmouth descend from William Adrianse Bennett who with Ja(iues 
Benton, both Englishmen, bouglit of the Indians in 1()3(), a ti'act of UOO 
acres of laud at Oowauus, on New York bay. The fi)llowing m. licenses 
are recorded at Trentou: Edward Bennett, of ilonmouth, to Ann 13oles- 
ben-y, Oct., 17()7. Jacob liennett to Euphame Davis, Aug., 1764. Jere- 
miah Bennett to Ann liandolph, Sept., 1780. 

Beere, Beers — In Freehold records is a copy of a ))ower of attorney 
from Thomas Clifton aud his d. Patience Beere, authorizing Johnjlauce to 
collect balances due from Abraham Brown for lands, goods aud chattels. 
It is dated at Newport, II. L, April 14, 1(')75, and recorded June 26. 1688. 
Thomas Clitton was one of the oiiginal purchasers 1()R7, but did nt)t settle 
in MonmoTith. He had been a ^^ctinl of Puritan ])ersecution in Massachu- 
setts because of his (Quakerism, and his d. Hope Clifton was banished from 
that province 1658, not to return under pain of death for her zeal in her 
faith. His other daughter. Patience, m. John Beere. There was a John 
Beere, shipwright, at Newport 1712 1><, possibly a son. In West Jersey, 
Jonathan B^•ere was mmnber of ])rovincial assembly l()'.l7 1701. Nathan 
Beers of Middletown, was licensed to marry Sarah Warne of I'erth Amboy, 
Nov. 25, 174!). He is among taxpayers 17G1. John Beers and Ann, his w., 
are named in Monmouth about close of last century. 

Berry — Henry Berry of Freehold, 17:}6, sold land to James Newell, 
Perth Amboy. He was ])robably son of Henry Berry of Perth Amboy, 
named in city charter 171H, who lia.d son Henry. 

BiiiBY, BnuiE In 17i;) Ji.hn Bibby, of NoVthamptou Co., Va., planter, 
eldest son of Esther Bibbe, of said colony,, widow of Thonnis Leonard, of 
Shrewsbury, is named in a deed recorded at FrtM'hold. Thomas Bibb and 
Sarah Kettle, of Burlington, were m. July 27, 161):!. 

BiCKLEY- William Bicklev, of New York, had d. Sarah, who m. 



X HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Thomas Potter, of Monmouth; he had also a son, AT)raham Biekley, who 
settled in Burlington Co. In 1696 Abraham Biekley and Elizabeth, his 
w., deeded land to Thomas Potter. In 1704 Sarah Potter deeds land to 
her father, WiUiam Bi'-kley, of New York. In 1707 Wm. Biekley, of New 
York, deeds lands in Monmouth to Nath'l Milner. 

BiGELOw — Samuel Bigelow in 1773 lived near Wrangle Brook, above 
Randolph's saw mill on Davenport branch of Toms River. He is named 
among the adventvii'ous privateers who sailed out from old Cranberry 
Inlet, in the Revolutionary -vj-ar, and was ealled Cajit. Bigelow, and he 
seems to have eommanded in some expeditions. In the roster of officers 
and men of the Revolution he was rated as "mariner." 

Bills— Thomas Bills of Burlington, bought lands in Monmoiith 
of John Starkey of Middletown, 1697! In 1703' he bought land of Riehard 
Hartshorne, and same year he and w. Johanuah sold half the land he oecu- 
pied to his son-in-law, Divid Killie. Joanna Bills m. George Williams, 
170S, 27th of 11th mo. The following marriage licenses are recorded at 
Trenton : Silvanus Bills to Rachel Lippeneott, 1744; Riehard Bills to 
Hannah Rennels, 1753; Gershom Bills to Margaret Chamberlain, 1755. 
Thomas Bills, probably second of the name, of Shrewsbury; Gershom and 
Richard Bills were among taxpayers 1764 in old Shrewsbury townshij). 

BiKD —John Bird was among the original settlers at Portland Point, 
near the Highlands, and had assigned to him town lot No. 6 in 1670. The 
Bird family was prominent among early settlers of Connecticut. Thomas 
Bird settled at Hartford and left sons Joseph and James. John Bird was 
taxed 1764 in Shrewsbury, probably in that part now in Ocean county. 
Members of the family lived along Toms River during the Revolution. 
Catharine Bird m. John Johnson March 7, 1796. In iH05 "John Bird's 
old road" is named in Thomas Parker's deed on North Branch Forked 
River. 

Blaokmvn — Rryan Blackman was an early settler; lettei-s of adminis- 
tration on his estate were issued to Samuel Leonard 16S7. His place was 
referred to in 1693 in a road survey. 

Boels, Boell— The will of Thomas Boell of Freehold was dated March 
20, 1709, and proved Feb. 28, 1710. Thomas Boel, first of the name, was 
surveyor of highways 1694. Garret Bom les is named 1700-1, in troiibles 
between the settlers and pro2:)rietors. The first named Thomas Bowels was 
originally a Quaker, but followed George Keith into the Episcoi)al Church. 
On Jan. 1, 1703, Keith preached at his house and baptized all his children 
— two sons and three daughters, and preached there subsequently. The 
ground on which stands St. Peter's Church, Freehold, was the gift of Thos. 
Boels. 

BoDiNE —The Bodine family, in the so\;thern part of Ocean county, are 
of French Huguenot descent. The first members originally calne to 
Staten Island, and from thence descendants came to this coimty. Mi-. 
Clute says the first known member of the family in Amenca was John 
Bodine, who purchased land on Staten Island in 1701. John Bodine and 
his wife Hester are mentioned in Staten Island records in 1736-7. He had 
a son Francois, who m. Marie Dey, and they had a son, Jean or John, who 

m. Dorcas , and had children, John, b. Fell., 1753, and James, b. 

Dec. 17, 1758. The last named John died March, 1835, aged about .S2yrs.; 
James d. May 13, 1838, in his 80th year. John m. Catharine Britton and 
had children: John, Jacob and Edmund, and perhaps others. Of the 
s(ms of James Bodine, two came to what is now Ocean county in 1816, 
namely, Tunis and James. They originally located at Manahawken, and 
entered into the mercantile business. William Bodine, son of James iuid 
Margaret Bodine, who m. Rosanna Willets, had children: George James 
who m. Emeline Williams, William Oakley, Margaret, who m. Edwin 
Salter, and Abraham. 

BoLLEN — James BoUen of Middletown, was m. to Elizabeth Godfrey, 
of New York, Feb. 24, 1689, and the marriage recorded in Freehold. He 
was clerk of the county 1700 and thereabt)uts. 

BooBAEM, BooBEM, BoKUM — Ariau Boorum and Sarah, his wife, of 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. XI 

Freehold, solil land to Samuel Hoffniire 17(1;"). lie was overseer of poor in 
Freehold 1707. Himself aud wife were mombeis Uriek Chinch, Marlbor- 
ouf^h. This family descends from Willcm Jacobse Van Boenim, h. lt>17, 
who came with his sons from Amsterdam in 1C(4'.I, and settled in Flatlmsh, 
L. I. He had sons, Hendriek Willemre and otliers. Htrndrick Willciinf 
Van Boerum, b. KU'i. m. about UV\'A Maria Ariaens and had childnn; 
Hendriek, b. about H\i\^). Arie or Adriaen (of Freeholdi, b. KiCiC), m. Sarah 
Smock, dau. of Hendriek Matthvs Smock; Louise, baptized Oct. 24, KiHd; 
Hendriek, baptized July 'J-i. lf>83'. 

BoBDF.N, Hi'RDEX Ivichard , Benjamin and Francis Borden were the 
first of this family named in Freehold ncords. The first two were among 
the original ijurehaters of the laud IC.tw. They had ten children. The 
Freehold records make fre(ju(>nt mention of Francis and l^enjamin Borden 
and of meiid)ers of their families. The courts were occasionally held at 
the house of Francis in Shrewsliury Township. Descendants of the Bor- 
den familj^ went with other Jerseymen to the Valley of Virginia about IT.H 
and subseipieutly. Most of the Holmes family of Old Monmouth, have 
liichard Borden for an ancestor as Sarah Borden, sister of Francis and 
Benjamin, m. Jonathan Holmes, and their descendants are very numerous 
in Monmouth and elsewhere. 

JiowEis, Bowers— William Bower was taxed in Upper Freehold in 1758. 
In 17(57 John Bower and Elizabeth, his w., formerly w. of Wm. Hotfmire, 
deeded land to John Covenhoven of Middletown. Joseph Bower of Mon- 
mouth, had license to m. Sarah Mayple, June 15, 17(59. 

liowNE — William Bowne, ancestor of the Bownes of Monmouth, settled 
at Salem, Mass., some foiir years l)efore the arrival there of Obadiah 
Holmes. In lt;3(i he was granted forty acres of laud at Jeffries Creek. His 
eldest son, John Bowne, was subsequently named in the Monmouth 
Patent. This John Bowne was a friend of the first settlers of Monmouth, 
aud i)aid for a share of land liought of the Indians, though he did not set- 
tle in the county. William Bowne, the father, probably d. aboiit lt)77. 

BowKER, BowoAK William Bowgar had 25tJ acres of land in New 
Hanover township, liurliugton county, in 1724. Among marriage licenses 
recorded in Trenton during last century there were a dozen or so persons 
of this fauiily in l^urliugton county. In what is now Ocean county, 
Michael Bowker was m. to Lucratea Applegate, Nov. 17, 1805, by Es(piire 
Benjamin Laurence. Samuel Bowker bought land near Waretowu in 1814 
of Eli Soper and w. Abigail. A Ijrother named Michael Bowker, i^roljably 
the one who m. Lucratea Applegate, was among first emigrants from what 
is now Ocean county, to Ohio. His sister Abigail m. Samuel Woodmansee, 
b. 1797, and they moved to Highland county, Ohio, about 1818, and had 
several children. She was living at New Lexington, Ohio, in 1887, in her 
87th year. 

BouDE, BowDE — John Bonde, or Bowde of Freehold, carpenter, sold 
lands 1701 to Richard James, and bouglit land of John Reed and Eve, his 
wife, all of Freehold, 1717. He also bought laud of John Emans 1718. The 
name is spelled both Boude aud Bowde in Freehold records. 

Boyd —Rev. John Boyd was first pastor of the Scotch PresV)yterian 
Church, organized about 1705. He was (pxalified as preacher bv the court 
May 29, 17or3, and d. in 1708. 

Boys, Buys — .Johannes Buys or Boys, bought land 1718 of John Ro- 
mino and w. Gertnide; Boys or Buys said to be "late of Middletown, now 
of Fr.^ehold." 

Bkvy — John Bray had warrant for 50 acres on Hop River. May 29. 
I(i8(). He is named as a (rrand Juror 1C)95 and 1('>99, aud in the troubles of 
17(M) and 1701, between the settlers and the proprietors, he was (piite active 
on the side of the settlers. .lohn Bray holds an honorable i)lace in the 
history of the Baptist Societies of New Jersey, as he gave the land, four 
aud one-third acres, on which to build the old Baptist Church Middletown 
aud for parsouage and l)urial ground. The cliurch was long known as Bray's 
Meetinghouse. It is said that he was a "man of gifts' and a pn-acher, 
but possibly not ordained. In the year 1711 an unfortunate ditterenc^ 



Xll HISTORY OP MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ixrose in the cliiirch and one party excommunicated the other and imposed 
silence on John Bray and John Okison. The church difficiilty was referred 
to a council which met May 12, 171'2. The advice of the council was "to 
bury the proceedings in oblivion and erase the records of them " and to 
sign a covenant relative to future condvict. Accordingly, 42 signed it 
and 26 refused. This record shows that the number of members in 1711- 
12 was 68. Andrew Bray and Daniel Bray are called brothers by Nehe- 
miah Bowne in his will 1736. In 1739 Andrew Bray of Freehold, bought 
50 acres of land of James Kochead. In 1761 John Bray and Samuel Braj' 
were assessed in Middletown. In 1760 Daniel Bray bought land near 
Toms Kiver. In 1713 John Bray had 500 acres in new Indian purchase 
above Falls of Delaware. 

Bkeese — Sidney Breese was taxed 1764 in Shrewsbury. Samuel 
Breese bought land of Peter Van Brock Livingston, who m. Mary Alexan- 
der, in 1772; Samuel S. Breese was for many years a Justice of the Peace, 
and Judge, and held other positions. Joseph Breese was a settler at 
Goodluck in the early part of the present century. His dau. Sarah mar- 
ried Captain Benjamin Stout; his daughter Jane was married to 
John Lane, Aug. 3, 1806. Sidney Breese, the first of the name, 
was born in Shrewsbury, England, in 1709 and died in New York in 1767. 
He was a Jacobite. He came to New York in 1756 where he m. Elizabeth 
Pinkerman. He was an eccentric character and wrote the following epitaph 
over his grave in Trinitj' Church yard: 

' ' Ha ! Sidne}' ! Sidney ! 
Lyest thou hereV 

I here lye 
Till time is tiown 
To its extremity." 

He had been an otiicer in the British Navy. He was a merchant in 
New York, but owned property in Shrewsbury. The only son of Sidney 
Breese was Samiiel, who came to Shrewsl)ury about 1767. He m., iirst 
wife, Rebecca, daii. of Rev. Dr. Samuel Finley. Their dau. Elizabeth Ann 
was born Sept. 29, 1766, and baptized in First Presbyterian Church, New- 
York, Nov. 9, 1766. It is said that this dau. subsequently m. Rev. Jede- 
diah Morse, author of early school geographies, and father of Prof. Samuel 
Finley Breese Morse of telegraph fame. In regard to Ehzabeth, the second 
wife of Samuel Breese, she is said to h.ave been the dau. of John Garland; 
by others that she was daii. of Rev. James Anderson. Samuel Breeze was 
appointed Colonel of the 3d Regiment of Monmouth militia, but resigned 
in July, 1776, on account, as he stated, of the great backwardness of the 
people. It was ordered that his resignation be accepted. Col. Breese was 
early active in the patriot cause. 

Bkinley, Brindlby — The first of this name mentioned in Freehold 
records was Francis Brinley of Rhode Island, who paid for a share of land 
bought of the Indians 1667-70. He did not, however, come here. He 
was a prominent citizea of R. I. — Governor's assistant, leading Judge, etc. 
He was named at Newport, R. I., 1652, and was son of Thomas Brinley, 
who was auditor of the revenues of King Charles I, and b. 1591. A de- 
scendant of Francis Brinley named Edward, in. Janet Parker of the Perth 
Amboy Parker family, and their son was Francis W. Brinley, the well- 
remembered surveyor in Ocean and Monmouth counties thirty years ago. 
The first of this family who settled in Monmouth was William, s(m of Wil- 
liam Brinley of Rhode Island. He m. a dau. of William and Sarah Reajjc. 
The son William is named in Monmouth in 1697. In 1704 he m. Elizabeth, 
dau. of George Corlies ^^■ho refers to them in his will, and the will of Sarah 
Reape refers to him as her grandson. In 1742-3 and thereal)outs William 
Brinley took uj) much land in what is now Brick township and vicinity. In 
1750 William Brinley, Esq., and his son John, deeded laud at Potapeek 
) Neck to Joseph Wardell, S(m of Samuel. Jose])h Wardell was a sou-in-law 
/ of William Briidiy. Thomas lirinley, son of Saiin;el, m. Elizabeth, dau. 
of John Woodiuansee aiid had children Leonard W., Hannali and Eliza. He 
movtid to Ohio about 1832, where his children married. 



PtEnealogical kecord. xiii 

liiUTTAiN, IJuiTToN — Jolm Brittiiiii and \v. Elizaboth weic uauif 1 17 is 
as living' iu old Shrewsbury towusliip, in a deed to Jeroniiah StillwuU. It 
is probable that lie was related to the Stillwells, who at one time lived at 
Gravesend, L. I., where Nathaniel Brittain is named KiGO as a son-iu-law 
of the noted Capt. Nicholas Stillwell, ancestor of the Stillwells of Monmoiilh 
and elsewhere. In Unrlin-^'ton eounty, N. J., Joseph Britten owned 2-')^) 
acres in Nottini,'ham, ]7'24. In r])iH'r Freehold anionj^ tax])ayers ITolS were 
Al)ram and Kichanl J>ritton. In Freehold 177(1 Israel Hriltain was taxed. 
Josejjh Britton, nanied frecpiently as a town othcial in ( )ld Dover '{'own 
Books. 

Brown— Nicholas Brown of Rhode Island was anion^' tlie orit^inal ])nr- 
chasers of laud iu Monmouth KKw; Abraham Brown and Nicholas were 
auKm^'the tirst settlers, autl took the oath of allei,aance iu Middletown KlflS. 
He d. 1BU4 and left will. His children were Nicholas, Abraham, Jane and 
William. The tirst two are sn])iHised to be the ones named amont; lirst 
settlers of Monmouth. Nicholas Brown m. Katherine Almy West, widow 
of Bartholomew West, about 1673 or '4. It seems possible that he was 
twice married, as one Nicholas Brown, an extensive land o\\ner, m. Mary, 
dan. of John Chambers; she was b. about 1(17"). In 1711 Nicholas aiul 
Mary Brown deeded land to Gawen Drummond. In the Itevolutionary 
war there was a noted patriot named Samuel Brown, who lived on the 
south branch of Forked Biver iu Ocean county. After the war he removed 
to Manahawkeu. In 17'j:{ he bouglit land in Stafford township of Thomas 
Letts. The descendants of this Samuel are (piite niimerous and widely 
scattered. Clayton aud Thizza Brown had several children, one stui, Thos. 
Brown, b. 1800, living at Dayton 1«,S5. Most of this family went West, 
some about IHV.i and others about 1S20. Some lemain in Oliio and others 
are sc/ittered in Indiana, Illinois, San Francisco, Taconia, Fugets Sound, 
etc. The following marriages are recorded at Freehold : Elizabeth Blown 
was m. to John Crane March 23, 1811; Mary Browu to Ephraim I'redmore, 
Feb. 10, 181(1; Catriue Browu to Kenneth Hankinson, July 12, 17U7; Nancy 
Brown to Samuel Malsby, Sept. 1, 1803; Mary Brown to Nathan Craumer, 
Jan. 12, 17'.)o. In Mount Holly records it is 'stated that Samuel B. Browu 
ui. Ann Kemi)t(Ui July 22, 17117. The will of Josejih Brown of Chcister- 
lield, Burlington county, was ^iroved 1811. The will of Thomas lirown 
was made 180(5, aud names w. Sarah and sisters Ehzabeth Coalman and 
Theodosia Blew. No children named. 

Beowek, Bkewek— The founder of theBrower family was Adam Brou- 
wer Berckhoven (so styled), born at Ceulen (Cologne) aud came to this 
country about l(i42 and settled in New Amsterdam, now New York, house 
of lot of Hendrick Jausen. In ItioC. he lived on Long Island. The son, 
Jacol) Brower, m. Anna Borgardus. H(^ died 1733 and his son Adam came 
to Monmouth. Adam Brouwer, b. iu Brooklyn, March 2'.i, IC'.m;, came to 
Monmouth aud it is said, settled iu vicinity of Farmingdale. His wife 
was Deborah, dau. of George and Elizabeth Allen. He d. 17()!». In old 
Shrewsbury Towushi]) 17(i4, among taxpayers were George Brower and 
George, Jacob, Lazarus, William, William, Jr., Samuel and Adam 
Brewer. 

Bryan — Isaac l^ryau for self, wife, four children and eight servants, 
received a warrant in 1(;7;» for 840 acres of land at Poplar Swam]), Shrews- 
burj'. In lf)83 Morgan Bryan is named in a bill of sale to Bicliard 
( rardiner. 

Buyer— Joseph Bryer was among original jjurclcisers of laud in IMon- 
mouth l(;f)7. He did not settle in the county, but his right w;is transferred 
to Sarah Keape, who took up 120 acres of land in his right. 

BucKAi.EW In 1773 John Bnckalew of Middlesex bought land iu ^Ion- 
mouth. A tradition states that the tirst of this family came to Amenca in 
the noted ship Caledonia on her last trip alxmt 171;-). The date is evidently 
erroneous, as the tirst of the family came some thiie before. Peter Buck.'i- 
lew of Middlesc X bought laud in ]('i88 and in 1711. He probaby d. in 171.S. 
In 1704 Frederick Bnckalew of Perth Andioy, bought land at Cheesecjuakes. 
He was constfl,ble 1718. In 1741 Peter liuckalew had lauds at Cheese- 



XIY HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

quakes. The well-remembered James liiickalew, for whom Jamesburg 
was named, d. May 30, 1869, in the G8th year of his age. He Avas of 
Scottish descent. The family settled about a mile and a half from what is 
now known as Jamesburg, on the road leading to Half Acre. Mr. Bucka- 
lew was b. Aiig. 13, 1801. He was m. December, 1829, to Miss Marga- 
ret D. Snedeker of Cranbnry, who snevived him. Six children were b. to 
them. He took np his residence at the place which appropriately bears his 
name, in 1832, and here his long, active life was jiassed. He took an active 
interest in the Camden and Amboy Railroad, which came into existence 
during his residence at Jamesburg. He was also closely connected with 
the Delaware and Earitan Canal, having had exclusive charge of the towing 
business iintil within four or five years of his decease. He was one of the 
original projectors of the Freehold and Jamesburg Kailroad, and likewise of 
the branch to Farmingdale. His son, Hon. John D. Buckalew, was a 
member of the Legislature from Middlesex and Sheriff of the county. 
Another son. Colonel Isaac S. Buckalew, was known as one of the most ac- 
complished railroad superintendents in the country. 

Bunnell, Bonnkll — In Monmouth county John Bunnell is named at 
Wecpiatunk, 1737. This family is said to be of Huguenot origin, and 
about the first members named in this country were Nathaniel, \\ illiam 
and John and Benjamin, who took the oath of allegiance 1657. Edward 
Bonnell's cedar swamp on North branch of Forked River is named in sur- 
veys 1750, and frequently referred to in other surveys subsecpiently. The 
late Capt. Samuel R. Bunnell of Bayville said his grandfather was named 
Joseph Bunnell, who m. a Pittenger from Arneytown. Joseph Bunnell, 
Sr., lived aljout 1800-10 by Forked River millpond, and Samuel R., when 
a child, lived with him. 

BuRiiows — Steven, John and Thomas Burrows are called sons by Mary 
Oakley of Monmouth, in her will dated 1712. The name of Burrows occurs 
early at Providence, R. I., where "William was freeman 1(555. At Newtown, 
L. L, Joseph Burrows; of English birth, was progenitor of those who spell 
their names Burroughs ; he was at Salem, Mass., 1635, and went thence to 
Newtown, L. I., where he became a leading man. During the Revolution 
the house of J ohn Burrowes at Middletowu Point, was attacked by Refu- 
gees, principally for the pur^^ose of trying to make prisoner his son John, 
.ir., who was a major in the Continental army. They were unsuccessful 
in that particular object but took the father prisoner, A\ho, however, Mas 
soon exchanged. John Burrowes was Sheriff of Moumoiith 1781-5. 
Among persons taxed in Middletown in 1761 were John and Edward Hur- 
rowes. Rev. John Burrowes became pastor of the Middletown Baptist 
church in 1738, andd. there Nov. 24, 1785. He was never married. Many 
of the old members of the Burrowes family weie Iniried at the old Mount 
Pleasant graveyard. 

BuRTis— This family, it is said, descends from Peter Cesar Albertus, a 
Venetian who came from Italy to New York at least as early as l(i39. A 
deed March 26, 1806, from Samuel and John Burtis, executors of William 
Burtis, their father, to their brother William for 253 acres, sjieaks of the 
tract as being the same conveyed by Richard ]>urtis to his son William by 
deed, dated March 23, 1767. Ihis land was situated westward of Horners- 
towu, near Crosswicks Ci'eek, and is now owned l)y descendants. The 
will of William Burtis of Upper Freehold was executed April, 1801. The 
will of James Burtis of Upper Freehold, who d. June 11, 1874, was dated 
Nov. 21, 1861. Executors, sons John W. and Richard W. 

liiicK— John Buck is named in a suit with James Johnson 1681"). Aaron 
Buck, in 1764, solil land in Toms River. He d. about 1787, as in that year 
ah inventory on his property was taken by (ieorge Cook and Abiel Akins, 

apprais(^rs. It is said he committed suicide. He m. Dillon and 

left two dau. , one of whom, Catharine, m. Judge Ebenezer Tucker, for 
whom Tuckertou was named; the other dau. m. John Rogers, father of the 
late Samuel and James D. Rogers. When Toms River was burned in 1783. 
Aaron Buck's house was one of the two spared. It is supposed that this 
was because his w. was a niece of the Refugee ])ilot Dillon. In 1804 Rhoda 



GENEALOGICAL liECOKD. XV 

luilay, widow of I)v. "Williaui E. Inilay, of Tom;-. lUvtr, isi^iied reluaMc of 
(lower to Margaret liUfk. 

Bt'iuhje In 17 ')S Joiiiitliau Burdg aud w. Mary, sold laud to William 
AVhitlook for £r)0;l]0. Tlioy signod their uaiiie '"'Bnrdtj;." Anion-,' tax- 
pay, rs in Middlc'town, 17(il, were David, John ratieuee and Uriah Bnrd^'e. 
In Slnewsbnry 17(i4 were Josejih linrdi^'o and Widow Mary l^nrdj^e. In 
17(>-2 Saniuil Hiird-^e and w. deeded land to \\'ni Cox ami they are named 
in other def-ds. In 1742 Saninel Biirdf,'e of Philadelphia, j^'entleman, was 
an administrator of an estate in West Jersey. The name of this family ap- 
pears early in West Jersey. In llOb Willia'm Bnrdj^'e in rij^dit <if his w! and 
her sisters had 'tH) aeres in Gloucester Co. He is named in land -^'rauts 
also 171;-) and other dates. William Hnri^'e is also named in Morris County 
171.^. It is possi])lc that the Monmouth family may be descended froiii 
Jonathan Hurd^- (or liori^e) of Hempstead, L. I., ICiS.'i 

HuTCHEK -John Butcher and J-Sarzillai Burr bout^'ht the forf,'e at Mhat 
is now Burrville, some sixty or seventy years ago, and it was long known 
as Butcher's Forge. The Butcher family is an ancient one in West Jersey. 
The tirst who came over were John and William Butcher who arrived 
ahout 1G7S. John soon died and his w. ^Margaret, married Georg(> Hasel- 
Avood; his dau. Frances m,, 1(;S2, John Antrim. Members of the family 
early settled in Burhngtou. In 1724: John Butcher had house and lot in 
Burlington aud Samuel owned 144 acres in Springfield Townshii). in 17:j3 
Johu Butcher owned farm in Spiingfield. 

Campbeli, John Camell's cattle mark was recorded Feb., I(;s7, in 
Middh^-town Town Book. He was witness to will of Thomas ('ombs of 
Freehold, 172:5. In IW.H) Archibald Campbell, "workman," bought land 
of Peter Bury. In 1701 he claimed, in right of his father. Lord Neil 
Campbell, l,:^o() acres. There were two Archibald Campbells; one 
brought over by John Campbell as servatit for John Dobie al)out 1(184; the 
otlier was son of Lord Neil Campbell, who came over with his father KiS^. 
The first named Archibald d. 1702 aud appointed John Campbell his lieir 
and executor. The son of Lord Neil returned to England and was known 
as Dr. Ai'chibald Campbell. He became an eminent divine, liishop of the 
Episcopal Churcli in Scotland 1711, and dinl 1744. 

Cambukn - This family is mainly found in the h)\ver part of Ocean Co. 
It is probable that William Camburn, who had been a seafaring man, was 
the tirst of the family and settled in the upper part of Waretown about 
the place occupied in late years by Cai)t. Jacol) Birdsall, Jr., and then re- 
moved near Oyster Creek. He had two sons, WiUiam aud Joseph. William 
settled in Baruegat about 17!»3. Wm. Camburn. Sr., it is saul, m. a dau. 
of Levi Cranmer, aud had five sons and two dans. The dau's Rachel m. 
Jesse Rulon and Esther m. David Rulou two sisters marryiug two 
brothers. Joseph Camburn m. Mary A. Carr, Sept. 20, 1810. Longevity 
seemed quite usual in this family. WiUiam Camburn of Waretown, d. 
April, 1884, aged 84 years. John Camlmrn of Barne'gat, died the same 
year, aged 80 years. Daniel Camburn, of Oyster Creek,, aud Samuel C'am- 
burn, of Baruegat, were also probably over 80 years of age at their decease. 
S(jme of the older members of thought the name Caudjurn was originally 
Cameron. 

Camock --Nathaniel Caniock had i)atents for hmd 1()81 and 1C)87; he is 
named as Grand Juror l(;i)3, etc. In his will, which is dated Shrewsbury, 
1710, he is called Cammick. He had five children. 

Cannan, CUnnon Patiick Cannan, of Freehold, iCi'.Ml, sold land. Jos. 
Cannan, cooper, and Wm. Cannan, tinner, sold lands inherited from their 
father. The name was originally given as Cannan, but subse(piently, very 
commonly as ( 'annon. 

(-'ahman Samuel Carman's will (hited Aug. 20, 1728, and proved Dec. 
15, 1721), uamed wife Sarah, stms John aud Timothy; dau. Sarali Langlun. 
Executors, sous Johu and Timothy. John Carman, d. 1741, left widow 
Margaret, and on his estate letters of administration were granted to Jo.s. 
Carman and Johu Dorset. Elijah Carman, of Moumouth Co., in 180(1 had 
wife Marcy, and sons George aud John. 



XVI HISTOUY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Cassaboom — During the last ceutui-y a person of this name settled 
in Barnegat, where Capt. HoM^ird Soper now, IHHfi, lives. At that time most 
of the settlers lived near the bay. He eventually removed to South Jersey. 
The Cassaboom family, it is suj^posed, descend from Jan Evertzen Kar- 
,senboom, who took the oath of allegiance in Bergen, N. J., 1665, and is 
also named in New York same year; he joined the Dutch Reformed Chiarch 
New York, Feb. 27, i679. 

Cakr— Robert Carr, of Rhode Island, was among those who paid for a 
share of land 1667-70. In May, 1()35, Robert Carr, aged 21 years, and Caleb 
Carr, aged 11 years, came from England and settled in Rhode Island and 
both are named as freemen at Newport, 16"i5. Caleb was De^mty and in 
May, 1()U5, M'as elected Governor of Rhode Island and died the following 
December. The Carrs of Ocean Co. are probably descendants; it is said 
that a Caleb Carr was the first who came and settled near and belo\\- Mana- 
hawkin. Mary A. CaiT m. Joseph Camburn Sept. 10, 1810. Phebe Carr 
m. Joseph Ridgway Oct. 25, 1810. In 1746 Caleb Carr came from Rhode 
Island to Little Egg Harbor. He had five sons. James Carr, one of the 
scms, had w. Phel)e, and settled at Manahawkin and they were progenitors 
of the Carrs of that place. Catharine Carr, possibly a dan. of Caleb, m. 
Asa Cranmer. 

Caehakt — Thomas Carhart, weaver, of Middletown, sold land 1681. 
Thomas Carhart was was second of the name, had w. Mary, who d. 1737, 
aged 11 years. John Carhart was taxed 1761 in Middletown. There was a 
Thomas Carhart came to America 1683. He had a grant for 1()5 acres on 
Staten Island in 1692; Thomas and w. removed to Woodbridge May, 1695. 
But there was one Tlionias earlier named in Monmouth. 

C^uiTEE— Tliomas Carter was one of the first, probably the first, of this 
name in Old Monmouth, named 1C89, in Court proceedings. 

Cakwithet —David Carwithey, whose daii., Elizabeth, m. Wm. Cran- 
mer, from whom descend the f'ranmers of Ocean, lived at Salem, Mass., 
1644; he shortly after removed to Southold, L. I. His will is recorded in 
Surrogate's office. New Y^ork City, Lib. 1, page 8. It was dated Aug. 30, 
!(>(>■), and proved proved Jan. 4, 1666. It named sons Caleb and David, 
daus. Elizabeth Crowmer (Cranmer), Sarah Curtis and Martha, dan. Sarah 
'iirtis, sole executrix. To Elizabeth Cranmer he gave £9. The will ap- 
pears to be dictated and is not signed. His son Caleb and son-in-law, Wm. 
Cranmer, were among original settlers of Elizabethtown, New Jersey. 

Chadwick —The name Chad wick is often pronounced Shaddock and some- 
times given as Shattock, which name properly belongs to another family. 
In Freehold records Thomas and William Shaddock are named as paying 
for land. William Shattock eventually removed to Burlington County; 
iSamuel Shaddock is named among inhabitants of Shrewsbury who took 
the oath of allegiance 1668. Thomas and Samuel "Shaddock" j^robably 
were first in Monmouth named of the family who now spell their name 
Chadwick. Among taxpayers in Old Shrewsbury Township, 1764, were 
Wm. < hadwick and John Chadwick. Thomas Chadwick was a captain in 
Tliird Regiment, State IMilitia, during the Revolution, and incidents in his 
service are given in notices of Refugee raids in Monmouth. His dau. 
Anna, m. Estj. Daniel Stout, of Goodluck. Jeremiah Chadwick was a lieu- 
tenant in the company of Capt. Thomas Chadwick. Tabor Chadwick was 
b. 1773, d. 1843. Hem! DeboraliLongstreetb. July 25, 1787, d. Sejjt 14, 1883; 
they liad 12 children. Tabor Chadwick w^'sprominentand active in reUgious 
joattors. Francis Chadwick, son of Tabor, was b. at Red Bank and m. 
Sei)f. 9. 18'?5, Margaret A. Parker, dau. of Cai)t. Joseiih Parker, of Rod 
P.aid-:, and had children, Richard L., Joseph P., l\Iary H., who m. Henry 
Wood, of New Y'ork; Frank T., a physician of Red Bank; Alviu, Margaret. 
Deborah and S. Matilda. He d. May 30, 1882. The first of the name of 
Chadwick whf) came to this country were Charles and John, proliably 
brothers, supposed to have come in Gov. Winthrop's fie(>t, 1()30. The 
Chndwick family is one of the most ancient in England and the pedigree 
of the ]>rincipal line has been preserved for near a thousand years and it 
seems n great stickler for preserving family names, as the names William, 



GENEALOGICAL RECOllD. Xvii 

Thomas aud Jolm aiv hmnd in almost overy ^'eueration back tt) and liefore 
the CoiKiiiest. 

L'HAMBEULAix WiUiaui C'haml loilaiii sold land Nov. 1!), 1^87. lu IC'Jl 
William and Henry Cbamborlain boiii^lit land in Shrewsbury. In ]()',)7 a 
patent for land was issued to John Chandierlain. In 17-iO. William ( ham- 
berlain had house on south side of Forked Eiver. referred to in a patent to 
Jaeol) Api)le<4ate In 1742 James ( hand)erlain took up land south side of 
Forked liiver. another traet in ]7.")1 at same place. This James is fre- 
quently mentioned in ancient records In isO-i, Jan. 2. one James Cham- 
berlain Hved on south branch of Forked Kiver ; deeded to Francis Asbury, 
Bishop of il. E. church, for five cents, a lot for use of M. I., church. 
Among marriages recorded at Freehold are the following: William Cham- 
berlain to Lydia Worth. Sejjt. 10, ISdd; liichard Chamberlain to Sik-nce 
liichards, April 2:5, ISOl. Among persons taxed in Shrewsbury township 
17C.4 were ^\ m. Chand)erlain and William Chamberlain, Jr. IMem'bers of the 
Chandjerlaiu family were settled, as before stated, at Forked Kiver .and 
vicinity l)efore the llevolutiou, and some were among the earliest friends of 
Metho(hsm in Ocean county. The celebrated liishop Aslniry mentions in 
hisjimrnal that in ISO'.I he stopped at the house of Tlionuis C'hand)erlain. at 
Forked Eiver. Twenty years later James Chandierlain was a leading IMetho- 
dist in his section. During the lievolution aud subsecpiently Samuel 
Chandierlain was a well-known resident of Forked Eiver. The tirst of the 
( hamberlain family in t)ld MonuKmth, it is supjiosed, descend from John 
Chamberlain, a currier, named in Boston, Mass., 1().~)1. He m. Ann, dan. 
of William Brown, May IS), 1653. lie was a symijathizer with the Quakers 
in their persecutions, and was himself imprisoned as one, and finally ban- 
ished from Massachusetts on pain of death. He went to Khode Island and 
he aud his son Henry are named at Newport. 

Chambeks— John Chambers receivtd a warrant for 100 acres in Shrews- 
bury lf)79 ; in KiSl he received warrant tor another tract. lu KiO'l John 2d 
bought land of Caleb Shreve of Freehold, and 1(195 aud IBtIS sold land to 
Jacob Liiijiencott, Jr. It is stated that there is traditional evidence that 
the Chambers family of Middlesex cimnty descend from liobert Chandlers 
of Sterling, near Edinburg, Scotland. He was a I'resbyterian and suffered 
persecution with thousands oi. others during the reigns of Charles II. and 
James II. in 1(583 and 1(385. Of the Chambers family of Monmt)uth and 
Mercer, there appears to be at least two different lines, and the uame John 
occurs in early mention of each family. 

Cheeseman \\ ilUam Lheeseman was assigned lot No. 11, Middletown, 
l(i(>7. In 1731 Joseph Cheeseman was taxed for 150 acres in Upper Free- 
hold, imd in 175S for 158 acres. 

Cheshire John Cheshire was m. to Ann Sutton 1C92. His name was 
sometimes spelled Chesear. Mary Cheshire m. Jes.se Woodward in 17(14. 
Child -Samuel Child is named as juror 1(592, grand juror 1(193, Ac. In 
1(J91 he bought laud of George Corlies and sold the same 1(195 He also 
sold land 1(193 to William Austin. William Jeffrey of old Dover towushiji, 
m. Margaret Child, and their dau. Margaret, m.' the late Judge Job F. 
Bandolph of Barnegat. 

Chute- (leorge Chute, of Ehode Island, was among t)riginal jiur- 
chasers 16(17: took oath of allegiance 1668; was commissioned as i-aptain of a 
foot company same year and juror 1676. It is said the family descended 
from Alexander Chute of Somerset, England, 1268. 

Ceauk, Clauke —Walter Clarke, named as one of the twelve jiatentees 
1665, and also among purchasers 1667, to whom was awarded a share of 
land, was one of the most active of ihose who estabhshed the .settlement in 
Monmouth. In Rhode Island there was formed "a company of pur- 
chasers " to aid in buying the lands of the Indians, of which he was secre- 
retary. He was a son of Gov. Jeremy Clarke and was b. 1640. He died 
1714. The first Clarks who settled in Monmcmth were tif Scotch lu-igin. In 
the old Scotch burying ground in Marlborough towushij) is a tombstone to 
the memory of liichard Clark, b. in Scotland 1663, and d Mav 16, 1773, a. 
70 yrs. The will of Williaiu Clark of Freehold, 1709, named "w. Elizabeth 



XVlll HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

and sons William and Alexander; both of these sons are frequently men- 
tioned in records of deeds and conrt jiroceedings. Among taxpayers in 
Freehold 177G were three Alexander Clarks, John Benjamin, Doctor Wil- 
liam, Samuel Cornelius and Kichard Clark. Dr. William Clark was a 
physician at Freehold at least as early as 1 760. 

Clayton— John Clayton bought land lf)77 of John Slocum. His will 
was dated at Chesterfield. Burlington county, May Ifi, 1702. His dau. 
Leah was m. to Altraham Brown l(i92, liy Fiiends' ceremony at the house 
of John Clayton, who then lived in Monmouth. In Burlington county 
Hannah Clayton was m. to Abel Gaskell 17U7; David Clayton of Shrews- 
bury, was m. to Catharine Strickland of Freehold, 1708. The earliest men- 
tion of the name Clayton in this country appears to have lieen that of Thos. 
Clayton at Dover, N.'H., 1650, who it is siipposed went from thence to Rhode 
Island, ^^'here Sarah Clayton was m. to Matthew Borden, who was b. 1638. 
The John Clayton of Monmouth seems to have eventually settled in Burling- 
ton. In Burlington coiinty William Clayton, Sr., and William, Jr., were 
named 1678, among first settlers, probably from EngLmd. 

Clifton — Thomas Clifton was named among original purchasers of 
Monmouth, 1667, at which time he lived at Newport, E. I. He was among 
original settlers of Rehoboth, Mass., 1643, neighbor to Eev. 01)adiah 
Holmes, Edward Patterson and others, who subsequently aided in the set- 
tlement of Monmouth. When the Quakers began preaching their peculiar 
views Thomas Clifton became an early and eainest adherent of that sect 
for which he was made to siiffer severely in fines. His dau. Hope Clifton, 
was among the victims of Puritan intolerance and has an honored name in 
the early history of the Society of friends. In 1658 she was banished from 
Massachusetts under pain of death if she returned. In Freehold records 
is a copy of a power of attorney from Thomas Clifton and Patience Beers 
to John Hance in relation to dues from lands, recorded 1688. 

Clothier — Henry Clothier of Monmouth, died 1732. He was of 
Upper Freehold. 

Codington — William Codington paid for and was awarded a share of 
land in Monmouth 1667-70. He did not settle in Monmouth . He was 
one of the most noted men in the early history of Rhode Island, of which 
colony he was Governor 1668-74-6. He died 1678. 

CoGGESHALL — John Coggeshall paid for a share of land bought of the 
Indians 1667; The Coggeshalls were from Newport, R. I., and sons of John 
Coggeshall who came from England in the shij:) Lyon, the same shijj which 
the previous year brought Roger WiUiams, John Throckmorton and others. 
When the noted Ann Hutchinson began to preach her peculiar Antinoniean 
doctrines, Coggeshall, with William Coddington and others, joined her 
society for which thej' were banished. These Autiuomeans settled on the 
Island of Rhode Island about 163'J and founded the settlements on that 
island of Portsmouth, Middletown and Newport. Coggeshall died 1647. 

Cole — Edward Cole, probably of Rhode Island, was awarded a share 
of land 1667, and took oath of allegiance with other "Inhabitants of Nave- 
sink," 1668. In 1677 Jacob Cole and w. were given 240 acres under Con- 
cessions. Jacob Cole probably d. in 1692. His dau. Elizabeth m. first 
Thomas White and second John Ashton. 

In 1698 the cattle mark of John < 'oal was recorded in Middletown ToM-n 
Book. In 1670 one Jacob Cole bought land of David Parker. Edward 
Cole who was awarded a share of land 1()67, did not come to Monmouth. 
In 1688 Robert and Mary Cole were granted 120 acres under Concessions. 
Cole is an ancient Plymouth colony name; George Cole was at South wick 
1637; Daniel and JoV) at Yarnumth 1643. Robert Cole was a noted citizen 
of Rhode Island and a personal friend of Roger Williams. He came from 
England in (iov. Winthrop's fleet and was made freeman in Massachusetts 
Oct. 19, 1630. 

Coleman — Joseph Coleman paid for a share of land bought of the 
Indians 1667. Benjamin Coleman, blacksmith, is named 1711 as grand 
juror. This is an ancient Plymouth colony name. Samuel Coleman was 
taxed in Middletown 1761. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. XIX 

Collins — Ebeuezer Collins had license to many Auu Woodninnsee, 
Dec. 27, 1748. His \v. was a sister of Gabriel Woodmansee, a proniiueat 
Quaker of Goodluck. He ultiiuately sailed for South America and was 
never after heard from. John Collins, son of Ebenezer, m. I'hebe liivd- 
sall. He was a leadinj,' Quaker of Baruegat. He had four children and d. 
in 1837 in his 88th year. James Collins, son of Ebenezer, m. Elizabeth 
Hirdsall in 1774. Thon)as Collins, son of Ebenezer, m. Deborah Edwards 
and had six children. John Collins, b. 177(5, son of John, m. Anna Willetts 
in 18U2. He was a leading member of the Society of Friends and for some 
sixty years he hardly missed a meeting of the society. He had a remarkably 
retentive memory and to him, more than to any other one person, the 
writer is indebted ft)r valuable traditionary information of Barnegat and 
vicinity. He d. March 31, I8(;;l His w. Anna d. 4th mo., 14, 18(i(;, a. 8(1 
yrs., 9 mos. James Collins, son of John 1st, had nine children. Within 
the limits or the present township of Dover, Zebedee Collins settled before 
the Revolution. Tradition says he was an Englishman by birth, but joined 
the Americans in the Revolution and was killed at the battle of Monmouth. 
He left son Zebedee. The name is frequently mentioned in old surveys. 
Zebedee Collins, of the fourth generation, is now (1887j living near Bamber. 

CoLVEK — Samuel Colver received a patent for land 1()85. His cattle 
mark was recorded 1(38'2. Samuel Colver of Shrewsbury, sold land 171() to 
John Green of Newport, R. I. Timothy Colver or Calver was taxed in 
Middletown IICA. 

CoLWELL — Francis Colwell of Freehold, in will dated Aug. 14, 1730, and 
proved Oct. 1(5, 1733, names sons William, Thomas, John and Henry. 

Combs —Richard ('ombs of Freehold, 1700, bought land of Saniuel 
Leonai'd, Shrewsbury. In 173G, Jonathan Combs sold land to George, 
Walker of Freehold. The hrst of the name in Monmouth was Richard 
Combs. In Freehold, 1776, among taxables were John, John, Esq., 
Thomas and John Saddler. Thomas E. Combs was assemblyman 1838-1) 
and Senator 1845. In the old Tennent churchyard is a tombstone to the 
memory of Doctor David Combs, who d. Jan. 11, 1795, aged 21 years 
and 8 months. 

CoMPTON — William Compton was among original settlers 1667, and 
had town lot number fifteen in Middletown. Compton received a war- 
rant for 280 acres. There was also a WilUam Compton who settled at 
Woodbridge. 

CoNKLiN — John Conklin who paid for a share of land 1667, was proba- 
bly the one named 1656, at Gravesend, Long Island. The writer has 
found no mention of John Conklin settling in Monmouth. Members of 
the Long Island family of ConkUus settled in what is now Ocean county 
during the last centurj' ; StepVien and John Conklin hved near Barnegat 
and left descendants. 

Cooke, CooK—John Cooke, Thomas Cooke, Hannah Jay, nlias Hannah 
C!ooke, had warrants, 1687, for land in Shrewsbury, dated 1667-87. The 
greater part of the family of Cookes of Monmoi\th appear to be descended 
from Thomas Cooke, who was at Taunton, Mass., 1639, and removed 
about 1()43 to Portsmouth, R. I. The will of Edward Patterson Cook, 2nd, 
of Howell, was dated 1825, and i^roved Aug., 1826. It named eight sons 
viz: Peter, John, Amer, Job, James, William and Edward P. — to each of 
whom small amounts; to one Benjannn the greater share, w. Alydia. 

Cooper — Simond Cooper (surgeon), bought two shares of land of Chris- 
topher Allmy. In 1679 Cooper received a warrant for 330 acres. He 
was from Rhode Island. John Coojier and Deborah Cooper were taxed 
in Middlewn 1761. Phillip Cooper was taxed in Shrewsbury 1764, and 
Catharine Coojjci' in Freehold 1776. 

CoELiES - George Corlies had patent for 80 acres of land in Shrewsl)ury 
in 1680; 1686 for 70 acres, 1(587 one for 100 acres. In 1698 Wm. Shattock 
deeded land to him and calls him ' 'loving son-in-law." George Corlies m. 
first w. Exercise Shattock in 1680. She d. 1695. He m. 2d w., Deborah 
Hance, in 1(599. He had by 1st w. six children; by 2d w. seven children. 
He d. 1715. In deeds and in his will George Corlies is called shoemaker. 



y 



XX HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

John Coiiies m. Naomi, dan. of Al)iali Eil\\-ar."ls, and had two children 
James and John, named 1714 in will of Edwards. In 173',) Benjamin 
Collies was deceased. Hannah Corlies m. Henry Allen 1702, she d. 1712. 
Elizabeth Corlies m. William Brinley 1704. William Corlies m. Sarah Win;4 
1731. Deborah Corlies m. Walter Herliert, Jr., 12th of 10th mo., 1728. In 
1801 Samuel Corlies, mariner, and w. Catharine, sold half an acre of land 
on north side of Toms River to Dr. William E. Imlay. 

CoTTKELL — Eliezar Cottrell of Middletown received a warrant for Hit 
acres of land lt')7(i ; in 1677 another for 120 acres and in 1(187 for 100 acres. 
In Middletown, 1761, among persons taxed were John, Nicholas, llobert 
and Samuel Cottrell. 

CouKTNEY -In 17y6, Luke Courtney and Silas Crane bought land 
j ointly in Staff ord. Luke Courtney was a soldier in the Revolution in 
Capt. Reuben F. Randolph's company of militia and also in the 
Continental army. The i ourtneys were an ancient family of Devonshire, 
England, and earls of the shire. 

t,'ovENHovEN, l^'oNovEE—In 1695, Cornelius Covenhoven, Peter Wikotf, 
Garret Schenck and Stephen Courte Voorhuy (Voorhees) all of Flatlands, 
boiight of John Bound, 500 acres as described March 10, 1685, on a patent 
to Bowne from Proprietors, land adjoining Richard Stout Deiick Tunisou 
and Jonathan Holmes. In l(i!)6, the cattle marks of Corneliirs Cowenhoveu, 
Garate Schenck and Peter Wikoft' Mere recorded in Middletown To\\n 
Book. Among members of Brick Church, Marlborough were, 170'J, Peter 
Kowenhoven and Patience Daws his wife. The first named Peter Kowen- 
hoveu was an elder in the church, 170U. The common ancestor of the 
greater part of Conover family was Wolphert (jarretson van Couwenhoven 
who immigrated from Holland 1630, with the colonists who settled Rens- 
selaerwick, near Albany. In South Jersey a branch of the (jowenhoven 
family descend from Peter Van Covenhoven, son of Wtdphert, M'ho came 
from Holland when a boy in 1630, and was for many years a leading citizen 
of New York. Joseph Covenhoven or Conover, who settled at Forked 
River, was in 1824 a member of the Legislature from old Moniuouth. His 
brother. Esquire Daniel Conover, was a well-known hotel keeper at Forked 
River. Peter lost his w. in 1633; she was biiried in New York. Many de- 
scendants of this family of Van Cowenhoven are now living in New York. 
The late Col. E. F. Applegate,the well remembered editor of the Monmouth 
Inquirer, was positive that traditions in his time stated that his ancestors 
were of French origin, and the ancient names given above seem to contirm 
this tradition. Another familiar New Jersey stirname of Yard, we tind as 
we trace it back becomes DeYasse, also denoting Norman origin. The will 
of John Conover, Jr., 1804, named father John, and mother, proi^erty to 
be eqirally divided between his brothers and sisters. The will of John P. 
Covenhoven, dated 1810, named sons William, John and Robert, and dau. 
Ehzabeth Robinson and Sarah Ten Eyck. In 171)6, Jan. 31, Garret Coven- 
hoven was m. to Sarah Stoirt, by Esquire John Covenhoven. The follow- 
ing Covenhovens or Conovers have been members of the N. J. Lei4islature, 
viz: 1776 John; 17S)2 John; 1821-2-3-4William L; 1824-5-6 Joseph; 1841-2 
John R.;'T851-2 William H.; 185S-U John V.; 186'J WiUiam H., Jr.; 1875-6 
William V. In the State Senate WiUiam H , Jr., served 1872. The follow- 
ing were Sheriff's: Holmes Conover, 1844 7; Samuel, 1847-50; Holmes 
1853 -(>; Samuel 1856-i). Surrogates, Arthur V. 184S; John R. 185S. Pros- 
ecutor of Pleas, William H., Jr., 1872. 

Covert- Abraham Covert bought land of John Powel 171G. In 1721 
Abraham Covert and Echte, his w., sold land to Frances Hoft'mire, widow 
of Samuel. Among persons taxed in Freehold township 1776 were John, 
William, Daniel and Isaac COvert. The Covert family descend from 
Teunis Janse Covert, who came from North Holland 1651; settled in New 
Amst(!rdam, belonged to Dutch church until 1660, tiien went to Bedford or 
Ih-ooklyn, L. I. Lie had ten children. The son Abraham probably was 
the one subsetpiently named in Monmouth; he m. Egbertje Eldertre 
Voorhees. 

Coward — Hugh Coward, a sea captain, who, it is said came from Lou- 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. XXI 

(lou hud lieeuse to iiiaiiy Piitieuce, dan. of .Tohu Throckuioitou iu New- 
York, July l>, 17(13. Iu 1705 Hugb Coward aud w. Patience, Ihoiiias Stil- 
weil aud Alse his \\., Moses Lipet and Sinah his w. Delivernuee Throck- 
morton, sign deeds as heirs of John Throckmorton, 2iu\. Miss ('ooh\Y in 
her work on First Settlers of Trenton aud vicinity, says C'apt. Hugh 
Coward had a si>u Kev. Jos. Coward, who had a sou Joseph who (Ued 17(ill, 
aged 50 ^^•s. who married Lucretia dan. of Jacob Scudder ; they hail a son 
( apt. Joseph Coward, a hero of the Revolution, whose d-iu. Sarah m. Hon. 
Charles Parker, formerly State treasurer of New Jersey. In 1731, John 
Coward was taxed iu u})per Freehold In sauie township, 175S, John, Jr., 
and Joseph were taxed. John Coward, probably sou of John whose will 
was dated 17()0, was an extensive owner of timber laud iu what is now 
Ocean county ; aboiit 17t'.0, he united with James F. Randolph in buying 
land around Toms River Randoli)h was the leading business man of 
Toms River before and during the early part of the Revolution. P)avid 
Coward m. to Betsey Rouse (Jet. 10, 17'.l'.l, by Kev. Joshua Dunham of the 
M. E. church. 

CowDRicK— Jesse Cowdrick, the favorably reiuend)cied hotel keepi r 
of Toms River, once kept a hotel aud store at (.'edar ( reek aud at one 
time a tau yard at lih;e liall. He once ran for Sheriff' iu old Monmouth 
but was defeated. He kejit the jail there oucc^ He d. May 21, 1.S57, a. 
over 57 yrs. He bought the Toms River hc)tel, it is saiil, of Israel and .\n- 
thouy Ivins. This ht)tel was originally built by Ivins Davis. 

CowPERTHWAiTE -Hugh t owpcrthwaite of Springtiehl, Burlingtou 
county, bought land in Upper Freehold, Moumouth county, Mar. 2H, 17-1'.>. 
This family came from Hurhngtou county where a John Cowperthwaite was 
named, Id'.IS. Iu Little Egg Harbor there was a Thomas Cowiierthwaite, 
settled about middle of last ceuttuy who m. Margaret dau of Reuben 
Tucker, Sr. Their descendants are named in the History of Little Egg 
Harbor. 

Cox — The lirs of this family in Old .Monmouth was Thomas Cox who 
was among those who bought the laud of the Indians 1067. He settled at 
Middletown aud iu the first division of town lots, recorded Dec, 1()()7, he 
was allotted lot number eight; subseipiently he was awarded other tracts. 
Iu llKW he was appoiuted with three others to make "prudential laws." 
John Cox, who may have been a brother or son of the tirst Thomas, was 
one of the fouuders of the noted Baptist Church at Middletown. (leu. 
James Cox, a hero of the Revohition, was of this family and was a member 
of Congi-ess from (Jhio aud d. iu 1810 before his term expired. Hon. Sam'l 
S. Cox, the late distingviished mem()er of Congress, formerly of ()hio. subse- 
quently of New York, is a descendant of (tcu. James Cox, who was b. at 
Cox's Corners, I-pper Freehold. In 17!)0 ^Vm. Cox, Jr., geutlem.in, of the 
City of Burlingtou, and w. .\bigail, made deed of partition with John 
Bloomtield. 

Ckaft -Joseph C'raft was m. to Esther, dau. of Job Ridgway, of 
Barnegat, 178ii. Their son. Job Craft, was m. to Ann Cox June 15, 1810. 
There was a James Craft who was m. to Susannah Moore about 17'J7. Job 
Craft aud w., Ann, had st)n Eli and d.iu. Esther. It is said that they emi- 
grated West. 

Crane— Members of this fannly settled at Manahawken, in Ocean Co., 
previous to the Revolution. In the State Militia during that war were 
Nathan Crane who was a lieutenant, aud Seth Craue, a i)rivate, iu ('apt. 
Reuben F. Randolph's company. Silas Crane was a member of the State 
Legislative ( 'ouncil iu 181 1 and again in 1814. Atwater's History of New 
Ha\ensavs that the tirst Jas}>er('rane probably cam(> from London. Jasper 
Crane in 1()51 removed to Braufordaud thence to Newark, N. J. Jasper, sec- 
ond, was a rei)resentati ve in the Legislature from the town of Newark in 1 ii'.l'.i. 

Cranmer The vranmer family of New Jersey, descend from NN'illiam 
Cranmer, an early settler of Sonthohl, Long Island; he is named iu the 
Histoi-y of Southold by Rev. Epher Whitaker, among original settlers of 
that place lC>40-72. He m. Elizabeth, dau. of David Carwithy, who had for- 
merly lived at Salem, Mass., where he is named as freeman. Kill. 'I'lie 



XXU HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

traditiou Lauded down in the Craniuer family states that they descend 
from the family of the noted Archbishop Thomas Craumer, b. I-IS'J, who 
was bui'ned at the stake 1556. The father of the Archbishop was also 
named Thomas and he had another son named Edward, who was Arch- 
deacon of Canterbury, while his brother was Archbishop, and it is possible 
the Cranmers of New Jersey may be descendants of Archdeacon Ed^^■ard, 
who had five sons and eight daus., and d. 1G04 aged 69 years. Around 
Forked River and Cedar Creek, William Cranmer took up land 1748-9 and 
thereabouts. 

Craig — John Craig appears to have been first of this family in Mon- 
mouth. In December, 1705, "At ye request of Mr. John Craig, Walter 
Ker, Wm. Eenuel, Patrick Imlay, in behalf of themselves and their breth- 
ren, Protestants, desenters of Freehold, called Presl)iterians, that their 
Public Meetinghouse may be recorded." It was so ordered by court. The 
Craigs were well represented during the Revohition in the ranks of the 
patriots. John Craig was a lieut. , James Craig, an ensign, David Craig, a 
sergeant, and John, a jDrivate, all in Capt. Epher Walton's company of 
dragoons. Others served in other military organizations. Most of them 
resided in Old Freehold township as may be seen by tax list of 
1776. John Craig, first of the name, was probably the one who came from 
Scotland 1685. 

Ceome —Richard Hartshorn sold to Edward Crome, Dec. 26, 1670, the 
town lot No. 25, in Middletown, which Hartshorne had l30ught of William 
Goulding. Crome is an unusual name, but it occurs once in Bartlett's 
Rhode Island Records. 

Ckaven --Thomas Craven of Forked River, moved to Highland county, 
Ohio, where he d. Nov. 29, 1880, a. over 6-4 yrs. Elizabeth, his w., d. Jaii. 
11, 1868, a. over 52 yrs. Both were buried in the Methodist grave yard at 
New Lexington. 

Ckawford — John Crawford, the ancestor of iSost of this name, in 
ancient deeds was described as "of Ayrshire, Scotland, gentleman," and 
came to this country it is said about 1672. Dec. 11, 1678, he i^urchased a 
"house lott" in Middletown, and also outlands of Richard Gibbins and w. 
Elizabeth. Gideon Crawford was High Sherifl: of Monmouth 1714-15-16 
and again 1720-21. He m. a dau. of William and Margaret Redford; Mho 
came from North Britain 1682. Joshua, supposed to have been father of 
Joel Crawford, was of Scotch descent and a Virginia frontier farmer. Fol- 
lowing the tide of emigration he settled in 1779 in Edgefield District, South 
Carolina. His son, the noted William Harris Crawford, was b. Feb. 24, 
1772, in Amherst county, Virginia. He finally settled in Georgia, from 
which State he was elected to the U. S. Senate; was a candidate for the 
Presidency in 1824, etc. He was engaged in two duels, in one of which he 
killed his adversary (Van Allen) at the first fire. He d. in Elbert county, 
Georgia, on the way to court of which he was judge, Sept. 15, 1834. He 
left five sons and three daughters. 

Ckowell — Two brothers, John Crowell and Edward Crowell, came to 
North Carohna and settled in Halifax. They emigrated from Woodbridge, 
N. J. They were originally from England, and they or their ancestors 
were originally called Cromwell. In the year 1674, says the Annalist of 
Phila. (John F. Watson) two brothers of Oliver Cromwell left England for 
America and settled in New Jersey. They fied from England from the 
political storms that impended over the name and house of the late Pro- 
tector. Bolton's History of West Chester coiinty, says: " It is i^resumed 
that the ancestry of the American line \vas Col. John Cromwell, third son 
of Sir Oliver Cromwell, and a brother of the Protector." From what has 
been stated, it is evident that the tradition carried to other States by de- 
scendants of the Crowells and ('romwells ot Woodbridge, that they 
descended from the noted Cromwell family of England, is probably the 
fact. 

Davis — Nicholas Davis of Rhode Island was one of the twelve men to 
whom was granted the Monmouth jjatent in 1665, and he is also named 
among those who paid for a share of land in 1(')67. He had 480 acres. 



GENEALOGICAL EECORD. XXlll 

Nifbdlas Dixvis, tlie patentee, was a freeuieu of Barusta1)li', in Plyiiioutb 
Colony lR-13. Abont 1()5() 7 he joined the Quakers, and July l4, 1(')59, 
he was an-ested at Boston, Mhere he had gone to trade and kept in ])risou 
until Septeitihor. when he was banislied. with Mary Dyer, under \mh\ of 
death if they returned. Mary Dyer sul)se(]uently returned and was hanged 
on Boston ("oiiiiuiiu. Thoujas and .Tames Davis were taxed in Middletown 
17()1, and AN'iliiani Davis in Shrewsbury 17('4. 

Davison \\ illiani Davison is named in deeds, ICJl, and subse- 
(luently ; he was a carpenter and his will was dated Freehold, April ('),1723. 
James Davison lived in Freehold, ]77(>. 

De Boo(;h, De I^o(;h, Debow Frederick De Bogh, innhdldcr <if Mon- 
mouth, bought land lll'y 22 of John Itomino and w. Gertie. ^^ illiani De 
Bowe. Monmouth, and w. Elizabeth sold land to William Cox, 1802. Law- 
rence Debow was taxed in I'pper Freehold, 1758 

De Hakt " Elias, or Elyas De Hart, an early settler of Old Shrewsbury, 
was a son of Simon Aertsen De Hart who came to this country in l(iCi4. 
ilon-is De Hart was a tax payer in ShrewsVmry. 1704. 

Denise Jac(pies Deiiise (spelled Denysi and Hendiick Hendrickson of 
New I'trecht, L. I., bought laud, 17111. Tunis Denise of Utrecht, L. L, 
bought land in Freehold. 1720. The common ancestor of the Denise 
family was Tenuis Nyssen or De Nyse, who emigrated as early as 1(138, 
from Holland. He resided then in New Amsterdam, now New York. In 
the Revolutionary war Dennis Denice was Major in 3rd Kegimeut of Mon- 
moirth. Daniel Denise was a private in Captain "Waddell's comjiany, 
Fourth Kegiment. In a list of patriots of Monmouth who signed a pledge 
regarding retaliation for Refugee depredations during the Revohitiou, are 
the names of Daniel Denise and Jacpies Denise. . 

Dexxis — Samuel Denm's was born about 1()5(», in Great Britain, settled 
in Shrewsbury 1()75 ; he had w. Increase, two sons and three daus. He 
was foreman of gi-and jury 1090, and a justice of the coart from 1700 to 
his death in 1723. His only w. was Increase, who departed this life twenty- 
eight yrs. before him. The name Dennis occurs among original settlers of 
Woodbridge, where Roljert, John and Samuel Dennis were among the 
first. 

Denyke — Conraed Denyke bought land of Samuel Warneand Margaret 
his w. in 1727. Probably the name was meant for Conraed Tenyke or Ten 
E,vck as the name is now generally given. 

Devill, Deuell "William Deuell of Newport, R. I., bought Mark Lu- 
cas' share of land in Monmouth. In 1Cp72, father, 'William, was an early 
settler in Plymouth Colony, named there KUO. 

Deveeeaix — John Devereaux, during the last century came to this 
country fi-om Ireland, but his ancestor came from Evieaiix in Normandy, 
and hence i-eceived the name of D'Evreaux. 

De Wildey — The will of John De Wildey of Monmouth county, dated 
March 30th, 1708, proved Aug. 20th, 1708, named dau. Dinah. Executors, 
Anthony Woodward and Richard Salter. 

Dey, Dye— Isaac Dye Ijought .'Jl acres of land of John Antonides in 
Monmouth count}- in 1737. In the Revolutionary war, John Dey, Josiah 
Dey and Cyrus Dey were soldiers in the i)atriot army, the latter in Captain 
Kenneth Hiinkinson's com])any. 

DiKKMAN, Dyckman Hugh Dyckman was a])i»ointed "Schepen," or 
magistrate, in ]\Ionniouth by the Dutch during their brief su])remacy in 
1<)73. Dyckman, who came to America was Joannes who came in 11)02. 
The Hugh Dikeman of ]Mf)nmouth seems to have been of another line. 

Dillon James Dillon ha<l land at Toms River in 17(>2. It is said he 
owned, in 1703, Dillon's Island, now Island Heights, which, in 1771. was 
referred to in a deed of John Coward, who bought hind on the opposite- 
side of Toms River. He had a dau. who m. Aaron Huck and sli(> and her 
husband had two daus., one of whom m. Judge Ebeiiezer Tucker, from 
wlioni 'I'uckerton derives its name, and the other <lau. m. John Rogers, an- 
cestor of families of that name in Berkeley. James Dillon was a soldier in 
the Continental army. William Dillon, brother of James, was an un- 



XXIV HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

principled Refugee, who is noticed in account of Refugee raids; it was 
proliably he that instigated the burning of Toms River. In 1783 he went 
to Ht. John, N. B., where he was given a town lot. The lands of John 
Dillon, north side Toms River, are referred to in 1787 in a deed to James 
Parker. 

DoKSETT— James Dorsett is named as a juror 1070-8. In 1677 he took 
up 202 acres of laud from proprietors. His cattle mark is given in the old 
Middh town Town iiook. His will was dated Sept. 20, 1741. The will of 
Samuel Dorset of Middletown, was dated Sep. 10, 1741. In 1741 John Dor- 
set was an administrator on estate of John Carman of Middletown. Among 
the soldiers from Monmouth in the Revolutionary army were : Benjamin, 
John, Samuel, James and Jose])h Dorset, the latter in Capt. Dennis' com- 
pany. A dan. of John Dorsett m. James Wall, who was father of General 
Garret Dorsett Wall, once Senator from New Jersey. Thos. I. Bedle, father 
of Ex-(tov. Joseph Dorsett Bedle, m. Hannah Dorsett. Four or live gen- 
erations of the Dorsett family lie l)uried in the Dorsett burj-ing ground, on 
the Dorsett farm (lately owned by .b>hu Stilwell, deceased) about three 
miles from Matawau. The tilinlitKni in the family says that the founder of 
the Dtu'sett family came from Bermuda. 

DoucJLASs — 'Ihonias Douglass'lS'^amed in a bond of John Salter 1710. 
This bond is in possession of James G. Crawford, near Freehold. Richard 
Douglass, of Monmouth, was m. to Lydia Salter, March lU, 1740. 'William 
Douglass, of Monmouth, had license to m. Rebecca Lawrence, Jan. 9, 1734. 
Thomas Douglass, of Monmouth, had license to m. Rachel De Uow Aug. 
20, 1773. 

Dove " Alexander Dove d. Oct. 7, 173.'), and was buried in Topanemus 
burying ground; will was dated Sei)t. 2".), 1730. It is probable that he 
came from Shropshire, England, about the year 1700. He took up numer- 
tnxs tracts of land in what is now called Ocean county, and had a mill near 
the line of Ocean and Monmouth. He was assessed in Freehold in 177(5. 

DiiuMMOND - Gawen Drummoud of Loch Harbor or Lochaber, gent, 
deeded land to John Tucker of Deale, \iay 21, 16'J5. He was clerk of the 
court of Monmouth 1700-1. He received a patent for 265 acres, which is 
now the .site of Key East on the north side of Shark River. He had live 
children. A brother James, lived at Prestonpanns, in Scotland, and 
one account says his father was Peter Knott, who took up laud in Mon- 
mouth as ea'-ly as 1720. In 1819 Robert, son of Gawen Drummoud, and 
Mary, his w. of Shrewsbury, gave deed to Britten White. 

DuNfiAN -Thomas Dungan was awarded a share of and 1667-70; 1()74, 

Dec. 21, he transferred it to Sarah Reajje. He was a noted Baptist minister 

oi Rhode Island. In 1084 he left NeAvport and settled at Cold Springs, near 

, ' Bristol, Pa., where he established a Baptist church. He,d.. there in 1088. 

' *■ Eakle — Ralph Earle was one of the original settlers in 1^20 at Worces- 

Y»' ter. Mass. He had son Ralph who had sous Balph and James The third 

\y Ralph Earle was a member of the Royal Academy of Science, and died at 

Lansingburg, N Y., and his brother James went to Charleston, S. C., 

where he died. In West Jersey another branch of the Earle family settled 

at an early date. 

Easton- Peter Easton, of Rhode Island, contributed towards jjayiug 
the Indians for land in Monmouth, but who did not settle in the county. 
In 1()77 a warrant for 240 acres of land was issued to Peter Easton and w. 
by Proprietors under Concessions. In Salem county Jthn Easton had 350 
acres from i)ioi)rietors in 1708, 

Eaton Thomas Eaton, of Shrewslniry, had a warrant for KM) acres of 
hind March 25, 10S7. Bis will was dated Nov. '.», lOHS, jjroved Ai)ril M, 
1712, Thomas Eaton settled on the stream which passes through Eaton- 
town, and built on it a grist-mill which he left to his w. Jerusha, in trust 
for her child until he should be of age. He d 20th of !)th mo., 1()8K. John 
Eat(in, the son, m. Joanna Warded, <lau. of Joseph W ardell, and grands(-n 
of Eliakim Wiirdell. He was a leading man in his time in business and 
I)ublic matters. He owned mills on the stream in the village which derives 
its name chiefly from liim. He Mas Justice of the Peace for many years 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. XXV 

and member of the Piovincijil Assembly from 1723 to 1749, almost to his 
death, which Ofonrred Oct. 25, 175(1. ' Joseph Eaton, son of John and 
Joaiiua. was a physician. He d. 17G1 in the 44th year of hisaj,'o. He was 
buried in Slirewsl)nry church yard. Thomas, auclther son of John, settled 
at Elizabeth. Joanna, dau. of the lust named Thomas, m. in 175(1 Rev. 
Elihu Spencer, who at that time was sui)]>Iyin.,' the pulpits of the Presby- 
terian churches in Middletown and Shrewsbury, and from them descended 
Rev. Dr. Samuel Miller and John Sargent, the noted Philadelphiii lawyer. 
EccLES— Charles Eccles is named as a f^'rand .juror, 1577. I'robably the 
first of this name in the country Mas Richard Eccles, who was at Cani- 
bridi^'e. :\Iass., 1(^42. Some fifteen or twenty years later, Solomon Eccles, 
a noted Quaker preacher who had traveled extensively, was banished from 
New England for his zeal, by Governor BelUngham. 

Edge Gerard Edge of Freehold, late innholder, appointed Gabriel 
Stelle his attorney, about 1721. In 172:j, Thomas Foreman in his will 
names Rebecca Edge, w. of Gerard Edge, and his grandchildren Mary and 
Rebecca Edge. 

Edwaeds— Abiah Edwards of ShreMsbuiy is named in Freehold court 
records, 1683. He was a gi-and juror, 1(*)U1 aiid 170(1. In 1714, he and w. 
Elizabeth conveyed land to John West. In this deed it is stated that Ed- 
wavds was a shipwright.. The will of Abiah Edwards Mas dated January, 
1714, and names m-. Ehzabeth and children and grandchildren. Thomas 
Echvards and James Edwards M-ere also named in Freehold and Perth Am- 
boy records at an early date. In JMiddletoM-n, 1761, Samuel EdM-ards Mas 
taxed. In ShreMsbury, 1764, Philip and Webley EdM-ards M'ere taxed. The 
name Edwards indicates Welsh origdn. Among the first M'ho bore the 
name in this country M-ere Robert EdMards M-ho came from London to New 
England, 1635. The distinguished divine. Rev. Jonathan EdM-ards, Mho 
M-as President of Princeton College, 17(13, M-as b. in Connecticut. In the 
Revolutionary Mar, Thomas EdM-ards Mas 2nd Lieutenant in the Monmouth 
militia. 

Ellis— Roger Ellis and son are named as paying for shares of land, 
1667. They M^ere aM'arded tM-o shares of land. The "father Mas probably 
the Roger Elhs of Yarmouth, Mass., an ancient settler of Plymouth colony, 
named as able to bear arms in 1643. John Ellis is named as a Mitness to 
a deed in 1701, from John West, Mauasquan, to Joseph LaM-rence. The 
Mill of Thomas Boell, 2iid, 1735, names brother-in-law Robert EUis and 
grandson Robert EUis. The EUis family early settled in West Jersey and 
are noticed in Judge Clement's First Settlers of NeM-ton, among "^theni 
Thomas Ellis in Burlington, 1677. It is said he came from BurUngton in 
Yorkshire, England. "William EUis came to Burlington, 16S3, and located 
in Springfield. Simeon EUis purchased land in BurUngton, 16i»l. He left 
M'lfe Sarah and seven children. Daniel H. Ellis, the M^eU remembered 
county clerk of Monmouth, it is stated, descended from RoM-land EUis M-ho 
came to Buriington, N. J., in 1714, being sent from England as a teacher 
by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. 

Ellison— John Ellison is named as M-itness in court proceedings, 1 705. 
The wiU of Richard Ellison was dated March 5th, 1719, and proved Dec. 
23d, 1732. Daniel Ellison Mas taxed, 177(;, in Freehold for 86 acres of 
laud and other property. 

^ Empson - Cajitain Christian D. Empson Mas b. in Sleseburg, Denmark, 
in Sept. 1794. When a boy he Mas in Napoleon's navy. He foUoM'ed the 
sea for thirty years. For a time he lived in Highland county, Ohio, M-here 
a son and a dau. died. His dau. m. (Jrrin Pharo. former ]iroprietor of the 
.Vomnouth Inquirer. Both herself and husband died. His son. Hon. 
Ephraim Potter Emi)son has long been identitied Mith public affairs in 
Ocean county. 

English -David English of Freehold, wheelwright, bought land, 1737. 
EnglishtoM-n, in Monmouth county, it is said, derives its name from James 
English, the original jiroprietor of the land on Mliich the village is situated. 
Dr. James English, Jr., Mas b. 1792, and succeeded to his father's practice. 
He died May 7th, 1834, at EnghshtoM'n and was buried near his parents. 



XXVI HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Dr. David C. Eugli&h, another son of Dr. David English., Sr., was born at 
EngUshtown and died at Springfield, N. J., in 1860. Dr. Jeremiah Smith 
English was born at Englishtown, Nov. 2 1st, 1798. He was son of James 
R. and Alice English and was the fourth in a family of nine children, six 
TjOns and three davis. He died Oct. 9th, 1879. He had two dans., one of 
whom m. Thomas E. Morris. He was treasurer of the New Jersey Medi- 
cal Society from 1833 to 1865 continuously. In 1750, among taxable in- 
habitants of Upper Freehold were Eoliert English and Robert English, Jr., 
and David English. James English was a soldier from Monmouth in the 
Revolution. 

EsTELL— Daniel Estell was an original settler of Middletown, and in 
the di\ision of town lots, 1667, he was given lot number thirty-two. Under 
Proi^rietors' Concessions he was gi-anted 271 acres in 1671. He came from 
Gravesend, L. I. 

Eekickson — Michael Enickson, in 1754, was a pew owner in old Ten- 
ueut church, for which he paid £12. In 1776, he was taxed for 166 acres 
of land and other property in Freehold. He was a soldier in the Revolu- 
tion and was buried in the Tennent churchyard. The will of John Errick- 
son was dated 18t)6, and proved Jan. 1807. This family is of Sweedish de- 
scent and members were among the early settlers on the Delaware River. 
Among heads of families were JoranErieson and one child. Mats, (changed 
to Mattlicas) Ericson and three children, Erie Ericson and one child. AH 
three uf these heads of families were born in this country. Thomas Errick- 
son m. Hester Patterson, April 26, 1795. John Errickson was m. to Nelly 
Schenck, dau. of William, Aug. 24, 1797, by Rev. John Woodhall, D. V. M. 
Among the soldiers of the Revohition were Michael, John and Thomas 
Errickson. 

EvERiNGHAM — Thomas Everingham and Henry Eveiingham were 
among tax payers in Upi^er Freehold, 1731, and William and Joseph Ever- 
ingham in 1758. In what is now Ocean county, Evenngham's saw mill on 
North branch of Toms River or Pine Brook is frequently referred to. In 
the Revolittionary war among soldiers from Monmouth were John, 
Nathaniel and Thomas Everingham. 

EviLMAN, EvLLLMAN — William Evillman was a tax payer in Ui)i>er 
Freehold in 1731. In 1774, John Evelman bought land in Upper Freehold 
of Moses Robbins. Robert Evilman and w. Elizabeth are named in a re- 
cord, 1818, among heirs of Gowen Drummond. 

Emanuel — Isaac Emanuel, late of Freehold, merchant, appointed 
Solomon Isaacs, late of the same place, his attorney, about 1720-3. 

Emley, Embley — Peter Embley is named as grand juror, 1700, and 
Peter Emlies is named, 1707. In old Shrewsbury townshiji, John Emley 
was assessed, 1764. In Freehold, 1776, Robert Embly and Ezekiel Embley 
were among taxable inhabitants. It is probable that the names Endey and 
Imlay were sometimes confounded in ancient records. This family de- 
scends from Andries Emmons, an Englishman who emigrated from Leiden 
in the Netherlands, in the ship Saint Jean Baptist, May 9, 1661, and settled 
at Gravesend, L. I. Aug. 21, 1661, he, with twelve others, i)etitioned for 
land on Staten Island. He had children, John of Gravesend, Hendrick 
and Abraham who came to New Jersey. Abraham, son of John and Sara, 
m. Abigail Stilwelland settled in Freehold. His will was dated 1734, proven 
1742. 

Falkinbueg — This family descends from Henry Jacobs Falkinburg, 
who came from Holstein, a little province adjoining Denmark on the soiith. 
His name in old records is variously given. In what is now Ocean county, 
Caleb Falkinburg lived at the beginning of the present century, l)et^\■een 
Forked River and Goodluck, and at one time on the place subsequently owned 
by the late Capt. Jos. Holmes. He was b. Feb. 28. 1768, and d. Jan. 8, 1815, 
a. about 47 yrs., and was buried in the old graveyard on the lane to Ikaija- 
min B. Stout's, Goodluck. He married Mary Woodmansee, daughter of 
Sajuuel, born 1799. After Caleb Falkinburg's decease, his widow 
marrieil Sylvester Tilton, and she moved to Highland county, Ohio. 
Caleb Falkinburg's will was dated 1817. He named w. Mary, to whom he 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. XXVll 

left i)liiut!iti()u bouf^ht of Charles Fnlkiubnr^ until his son Snnmol comes i)f 
age. Eldest son John, sous Amos and Job; dau}j;htftrs Phel)e, Alice and 
Hannah. Executoi-s, Silas Crane, Daniel Stout, and \v. Mary. Daniel 
Stout declined to act. Charles Falkinburg, brother of Caleb, m. Sarah 
Brindley, Nov. 3, IT'.lo. He bouj,'ht laud near (Joodluck, .July 1, 1808, of 
.Joseph Miller and w. Rachel. He hail sons Caleb and others and moved 
West about 1818. At Barnegat, Captain Timothy W. Falkinburg, long a 
respected citizen of that place, d. July Ti, 1878. He descended from John 
Falkiuburg. This John Falkinburgm. Mary Somers of Great Egg Harbor, 
and had children Samuel, John, Joseph, Somers, Hannah, Tabitha, Judith, 
and Susanna. The son Samuel, generally kninvn as Captain Samuel Falk- 
inburg, m. Jan. 1807, Mary, dau. of Josiah Craumer, of Cranmertown, 
Ocean county, and had eleven children. All of the old stock Falkinburgs 
left Egg Harbor except some of the descendants of Captain Samuel. Sarah 
Falkinburg bought a tract of land at Forked River in 181"2, of Anthony 
Parker and Charles Parker for ninety dollars. In New Lexington grave- 
yard, Highland county, Ohio, is a tomljstone to memory of Rhoda, wife of 
Caleb Falkinburg who died Feb. lOth, 18-19, aged 21 jts. 

Fakdon -In tracing this name back we find it given as Ferdon, Vardon 
and originally Verdon. The name is of French origin. Jacob Verdon ap- 
pears to have been the first of this family in this country. His farm was 
between twentieth and twenty-tifth streets, Brooklyn. In Long Island 
records the name was sometimes given as Fferdon and Ferdon; the latter is 
the orthography retained by some' descendants in New York state and else- 
where. Thomas Fardon who died about 1877, in the 84th year of his age, 
was one of the tirst Superintendents of the Sunday School of the old 
Holmdel Baptist church. 

Fextox —John Fenton of Freehold, bought land of Edward Worth and 
Mary his wife, of Freehold, 1713. Thomas Fenton's lands bought of 
Thomas Parker, Jr., are referred to, 1716. Among soldiers in the patriot 
army in the Revolution were George and Thomas Fenton. Lewis Fenton, 
a blacksmith of Freehold, joined the Tories and was killed by a party in 
pursuit of him in 1779. 

Flinn — Edward Flinn bought land of the i^roprietors in 1797, on the 
north side of Cedar Creek. His will was dated 1810 and proved Jan. 7, 
1811. It is said that he was b. on the passage of his parents to this coun- 
trvand was buried in an old graveyard on the Gilford place at Toms River. 
\y FiTHiAN — The founder of this family was William Fithiau. Tradition 
says he was a native of Wales and a soldier in Cromwell's army, and was 
present at the execution of Charles I; after Charles II was restored he had 
to dy for his life; he came to Boston, thence to Lynn, thence to East 
Hampton, L. I. Some account of his descendants is given in Howell's 
History of Southampton, L. I. 

Fish— Charles Fish lived in Freehold, 1733. It is probable he came 
from Long Island. 

FoRjiAN, Foreman, Fukman— The first of this name, probably, in New 
Jers(!y, was George Foreman, who, in 1()81, bought with John Inians and 
others, 641) acres near, or at what is now New Brunswick aiid west of the 
Raritan river adjoining Matthews' Indian purcliase. In Monmouth county 
the first of this family appear to have been Samuel Formau and Aaron For- 
luan who ai-e named as early as 1688, and Thomas 1691. May 24th, 169.5, 
Thomas Foreman and Mary Allen, both of Monmouth, were licen.sed to 
marry b\- Governor Andrew Hamilton. The license is now preserved in 
the library of the New Jersey Historical Society. The tirst Forem.ans in 
America were John and Giles Firmin, who came over with thi^ Pilgrim 
Fathers in Governor Winthrop's tleet, 163U. They came from Sudljury, 
Suffolk county, England. The tirst named Jonathan Foreman of ]Mon- 
mouth, who was an early member of the Brick Church at Marlborough, 
married Margaret Wykoit, dau. of Cornelius Wykoff who was son of l*eter 
and founder of the Wykott' family. In Monmouth county, some have ex- 
pressed the opinion that the Formans of Monmouth descend from John 
Foreman, the Scotch refugee from persecution, whoso name is given in 



XXVIU HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Whitehead's History of Perth Amboy, and who c<ime over in 1685; but the 
writer can find nothing to sustain this theory. The commission of David 
Fornian as High Sheriff of Monmouth county, 1780, is filed in the library 
of the New Jersey Historical Society. 

General David Forman, the well remembered hero of Monmouth, is 
said to have been the fourth son of Josejah and Elizabeth Lee Forman. 
He was b. Nov. 3, 1745. His father was a wealthy shipping merchant of 
New York and afterwards retired from business and settled on a farm in 
New Jersey. Gen. Forman m. Feb. 28, 1767, Ann Marsh, dau. of Wm. Marsh, 
of Maryland. He d. Sept. 12, 1797, aged 52 years. His children (as given 
by Miss Anna M. WoodhuU) were : 

1. Sarah Marsh Forman, b. Feb. 1, 1773, d. Jan. 18, 1799; m. 
her cousin, Major Wm. Gordon Forman (sou of Joseph, of Shrewsbury,), 
who was a graduate of Princeton, and died at Lexington, Ky., 1812. 

2. Rivine Forman m. James, son of Ool. John Neilson, of New 
Brunswick, leaving an only dau., who m. Rev. George Giifldn. 

3. Ann Forman, who m. Dr. Jonathan Longstreet, of Monmouth. 

4. Emma Forman m. Robert, son of General Oummings, of Newark. 
N. J. 

5. Malvina Forman, living in Fauquier county, Va., 1873, aged 85, 
who owned the portraits of her parents, painted by Rembrandt Peale. 

The A\ill of David Forman of Freehold, dated Feb. 24th, 1802, proved 
1813, speaks of him as "being anshant" ; it names w. Nelle's sons Jonathan, 
Tunis and Samuel; daus. Anna Lloyd. Jonathan's son David ; Samuel's 
son David. 

FoxAiL — In 1677, the proprietors, under concessions, granted to John 
Hance 240 acres of land in right of John Foxall. 

Fkeeborn — Gideon Freeborn was awarded a share of land 1667. He 
was of Portsmouth, near Newport, R. I., and was probably related to Wil-. 
liam Freeborn, who is named among the freemen at that place 1655. The 
proprietors' Records at Perth Amboy, show that in 1677 a warrant for land 
was issued to Gideon Freeborn and wife, and again in 1681. 

French — PhiliiJ French in 1736 bought 100 acres of John Antonides. 
This is an ancient West Jersey name. In 1670 John French, mason, had 
15 acres of land at Woodbridge. In 1689 Thomas French had 621 acres 
from West Jersej'^ proprietors, and other tracts at different dates. In 1694 
Thomas French, Jr., had land from them. In 1737 Thomas French had 
96 acres in Mansfield and Richard French had 140 acres in Mansfield. Mrs. 
Blackman says that the ancestor of the Little Egg Harbor family of the 
name was Francis French, who settled at Bass River before the Revolution. 

Fbeneau — Philip Freneau M^as a resident of Mt. Pleasant, near Mata- 
wan. He was b. in Frankfort street, New Y^ork, Jan. 2, 1752. The family 
was of Huguenot descent. Pierre Freneau, the father of Philip, was at 
one time of South Carolina. He bought a large tract of land near Mount 
Pleasant where his son PhiHp removed to in 1794. The father and grand- 
father of Philip are buried in Trinity church yard, New Y'ork. Philip 
Freneau, when about 30 yrs. old, m. Eleanor Forman, dau. of Samuel. Gen. 
Jonathan Fornian and Denise Forman were her brothers. They had four 
daughters. He graduated at Princeton in same class as did Jas. Madison. 
He died from exposure Dec. 18. 1833. An account of his life and literary 
labors is published in "Old Times in Old Monmouth." 

Frythowaet — Aaron Frythowart, weaver, bought land 1721 of Major 
James Hubbard, Middletown. 

FuLLERTON — Jamed Fullerton is named as a juror 1692. He may have 
been the James Fullerton who at Woodbridge, March, 1684, was l)y a reso- 
lution in town meeting "to be entertained as schoolmaster." Thomas and 
Robert Fullerton were among Scotch refugees from persecution who came 
to' Perth Amboy; the first-named with his w. and ten servants, and Robert 
with nine servants, arrived in October, 1684. They were brothers of the 
Laird of Kennaber and located themselves with Thomas Gordon and others 
on Cedar Brook, aboirt eight miles west of Amboy. 

Gardiner — Richard Gardiner of Tintern Manor is named about 1680. 



GENE.VLOGICAL RECORD. xxix 

In 1683 he bought hiinl of Morgan Biynu; KWj, Fob. 17, ho hud couvoyotl 
to him l)y propriotors 100 acres of land at "Old Woman's Hill" in Middle- 
town township. He was appointed I'lerk of Monmouth county 1('>S:{ and 
continued until 1()87. Joseph and Iviehard (Gardiner are called sons-in-law 
by William \Vint(!r, in his will 1722. .\ family of (xardiners of l^hodc 
Island and said to have descended from Sir Tlunuas (ianliner, whose sou, 
Joseph Gardiner, came to this country with tirst settlers; was b. 1C.:)1 an(l 
d. in King's county, Ilhode Island, 1()7!>. He left six sons; the fourth, 
George, d. a. 1)4; some of the family settled on Long Island. 

Gaoxtt— Zachary Gauntt of Saudwicli, Mus , was ainoa:f the original 
purchasers of land, 1()(;7, but he seems to have settled at Newport, 11. 1. 
He had brothers Annanias ami Israel who came to Monmouth and Anua- 
nias' son removed to liurluigtou county. In Bishop's "New l"]ugland 
Judged" an ancient (Quaker work published in London, 170:5, it is said that- 
Peter Gaunt, Ralph Allen, William Allen and Daniel "Wing were fined twenty 
shillings each for not taking off their hats in court, and distress to the 
value of five pounds taken to satii^fy the tine. This was about 1()58. The 
same work adds that from Peter Gaunt was taken five kine, two heifers 
£30; one mare, two three-year-old steers, £12, eight Inishels peas, £l-4s; 
four bushels Indian corn and one-half bushel wheat 10s Gd t;43 14s (Id. 
and other laws made to rob them of their goods Zachary Gaunt of Sand- 
wich sold his share of land in Monmouth to his brother Annanias, Jan. ;{0 
1(5(58. 

GtBE-io^, GuiBEKsox -In U5,):5, Jolm Gi'.)boasou and D.iuiel Hendriok 
of Flatbush, L. I., sold land to ^y'illiam Whitlock. John (iabeson was 
juror, 16',)y. In 1701, John Gysbertsou of Middletown, sold 1(I4 acres of 
land to Peter Wyckoffof Kings county, Long Island. Sep. 21, 1717, "John 
Gysbertse of Neversink, in the towusbij) of I'rosswicks in the Jersies," con- 
yej'ed to his brother Karman of Flatbush, a house, barn, orchard and gar- 
den in Flatbush. After the Revolution, among land owners in what is 
now Ocean county, were Hezekiah Giberson and li. Giberson. About 1820 
to '30 John (iuiberscm's saw mill, in what is now Ocean countj-, was on 
Tice Van Horn's brook. 

GnsBo.vs Richard (ribbons, one of th8 twelve men to whom was 
granted the jMonmouth Patent, was an early settler of Gravesend, L.I, 
where he was held in such good estimation as to be c'aosen arbitrator in 
disputes. 1()S8, .May 10, Mordecai Gil)bons had 54') acres coutirmel to 
him in right of his father. In liVJ'S, he was named as ensign in the militia, 
Richard Gibbons, the founder of this family, while on Ling Island, 
signed his name Kichard Gibbine, as stated by "Tunis G. Bergen. In Mon- 
mouth he signed it Ricliard (iibbiugs. 

GiFFOBD — William Gitt'ord is named as being assigned a share of laud 
in Monmouth among the oiiginal jiurchasers in 1(567-70. He was prob- 
ably the William (iitfi>rd who about that time lived at Sandwich, Mass. In 
l()o8-9 he was lined €.17 IDs. for refusing to swear allegiance and he, (too. 
Allen and Richard Kirby and other (^aakcu's were cpiite prominent at 
Sandwich previous to and a1)out the time the tirst settlers cauu' to Mon- 
mouth. The will of William Gifford, founder of the family in this coun- 
try, was probated March 2, 168/. It is said by Bristol county descendants 
that the Gilford family trace their origin back to the C'tuKpiest. At the 
battle of Hastings, A. D. 1066, Sire Randoljih do Gittcn-d was a standard 
bearer of Williaui. the Compieror; a descendant named Sir .\mi)rose Gif- 
ford had a son, Walter, who came to America in 1(530 and was founder of 
the American Branch. 

GooDBODY William Goodbody is named in court proceedings 1(503 
as juror and also in the suit. In UV.)H he bought land of Joseph Lawrence 
and in 1701 of John Stewart ami Elizabeth, his w. His will was dated 
April 6, 1703. 

Gordon — Thouuis Gordon is occasionally luentioned in Freehold roc- ' 
ords as King's Attorney and in connection with other i)usiness. He was a 
native of Pitlochie, Scotland, and arrived in the Province of New Jersey 
in Oct., 1G84, with his w. Ellen, and four childrou. A sketch of bis life is 



XXX HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

given in Whitehead's History of Perth Amboy. In 1715 John Salter, ot 
Freehokl, deeded 120 acres to Peter Gordon, of same town. In 1753 Hon. 
Bichard Salter had this deed recorded. In 1774 Ehzabeth Gordon, dan. 
of Thomas, m. John Salter, son of the Hon. Richard above named. Hon. 
John B. Gordon, U. S. Senator from Georgia, j^robably descended from a 
native of Monmouth county. Judge Cyrus Bruen, now in the 89th year of 
his age, thinks that he is a descendant of a brother of Ezekiel Gordon, 
who formerly resided on the Battle Ground, and well known in Freehold. 
The l)rother jjreferred to remove to Georgia, and was at one time a mer- 
chant in Savannah. In Freehold, 177G, David Gordon and William Gor- 
don were named in list of inhabitants taxed In Christ Church graveyard, 
Middletown, are tombstones to the memory of Jos. Gordon, who d. 184l 
in his 69th year; to his w., Ruth, in her 4:'2d year, 1811, and to other mem- 
bers of the family. 

Gould — Daniel Gould of Newj^ort, R. I., with Joshixa Coggshall, paid 
for a share of land 16G7. He did not settle, however, here. He was a 
dei^uty to the Rhode Island Colonial Legislature 1G73, and Governor's 
assistant 1674. In 1677 he had a warrant for 120 acres of land in Mon- 
mouth under proprietoi-s' concessions. 

k GouLDiNG, GoLorNG— William Goulding was one of the twelve men to 
whom was granted the Monmouth patent 1665. It is srapposed that he 
tirst settled in New Amsterdam, now New York, as he owned land there in 
1643. In the original division of town lots in Middletown, 1667, he was 
given lot 25 and also outlands. He sold his town lot and meadows to 
Richard Hartshorne, the deed for which was acknowledged Nov. 25, 1672. 
In Freehold records his name is signed Will. Golding. Joseph Golden or 
Goulding is next named in Freehold records. He bought 13(J acres of land 
near Schenck's Hill, Middletown, of James Hubbard, Dec. 4, 1704; in 1709 
himself and w. Auneke DaAds were members of the Old Brick Church, 
Marlborough; he was grand juror 1713, etc. It is sapijosed that William 
Goulding, the Monmouth patentee, was one of Lady Deborah Moody's 
friends, who left Massachusetts on account of Puritan persecutions. The 
name is an ancient one in Massachusetts. 

Gkandin— In 1720 Daniel Grandin boirght land of Richard Salter. In 
1728 Daniel Grandin of Freehold, " Practitioner of Law," deeded land to 
Sarah Powell, who he calls sister-in-law. Among tombstones in old Topan- 
emus graveyard are some erected to the memory of members of the Grandin 
familj'. In surveys about 1755, recorded in proprietor's office, Perth 
Amboy, of land in what is now Brick township, " Girandin's Folly is occa- 
sionally referred to as a landmark, but no explanation is given of the origin 
of the term. In the Revohition, Daniel Cxrandin was a Loyalist officer in 
the New Jersey Royal Brigade. 

Gkant — John Grant settled in what is now Ocean county, between 
Toms River and CJedar Creek before 1764, as in that year he was named 
among taxable inhabitants of old Shrewsbury township. He is frequently 
named in old records of deeds. John Grant of Monmouth had license to 
marry Sarah Irons, Nov. 3, 1750. 

Gkeen — In 1684, Siirah Reape sold to Abiah Edwards all her claim to 
land of Henry Green. Widow Green is named in a suit in court, 1705. 
John Cxreen bought land of Stephen Colver, 1716. Elizabeth Green of 
Squan, was deceased in 1730, in which year letters of administration were 
granted on her estate to her son and heir Joseph Gilford. In 1764, Henry 
Green and Henry Green, Jr., were taxed in Shrewsbury township. 

Geover — James Grover was one of the twelve men to whom was 
granted the Monmouth Patent, 1665, and he came to the county with the 
tirst settlers who are named, 1()67. He was granted home lot number six- 
teen, in Middletown and outlet number fifteen. He was among the first 
settlers of Gravesend, L. I., in 1646. He was collector for the poor, 1650. 
About l()54-5, James Grover, George Baxter and James Hubbard, prefer- 
ing English to Diitch rule, hoisted the English tlag at Gravesend, declaring 
theuiselves subjects of the Republic of England. Baxter and Hiibbnrd 
sent Grover to England by way of Boston, in 1656, to take a memorial to 



GENEALOGICAL RECOKD. xxxi 

Oliver CioiuwtU. Jiaxter and Hnl)l)ni(I were nrrestecl as traitors by the 
Dutch and sent to Fort Amsterdam and where they were hberated by Gov. 
Stuyvesant at the earnest solii'itation of Lady Deborah Moody. Tender the 
Proprietors' Concessions, (Imver received in 1(17C), a warrant for 50(1 acres 
of land as one of the twelve men named in the Monmouth I'atent. James 
Grover, Sr., died about the beyinnint; of the year IC.SC. He had three 
sons and two daus. Safety drover, a sou, and wife had a warrant for 12U 
acres of land in 1G7!), from the I'roprietors under the Concessions. 1G84, 
July 2n, Safety (xrover and Eichard Hartshorne were the only ones in Mid- 
dletown who voted against swine ruunins "t large on the commons. 
Among inhabitants taxed in Middletowu. 1701, were James Grover, Es(j., 
James Grover and Silveuus Grover. In I'pper Freehold, 17.58, Joseph 
Grover was taxed for 42(t acres of land. 

GuLicK- Hendrick Gulick bought laud in MiddletoMn of Wm. Merrill 
May "22, 1704, being probably the same tract which Monill bought of 
Richard Stout, Jr., and Frances, his w., in 1087. The first of the (iulick 
family in this country were Jochem and Hendrick. Jochem came in 1053. 
Hendiick's name appears the same year as a witness to a baptism in theold 
Dutch Eeformed Church of New York. Jochem Gulick l)ought land at 
Six Mile Run, in Middlesex county, previous to 1717, where 1h' owned 330 
acres, situated on both sides of Ten ]Mile Brook. Peter lived in Middlesex 
county and had four sons and four daus. and d. near Frankhn I'ark. 
Samuel Gulick, a brother of Abram, had four sons, Hiram, Joachim, 
Isaac and John. The Ocean county Gulicks, it is said, descend from Ja- 
cobus, who at one time lived at Pleasant Plains and then removed'To 
Rhode Hall, where he kept the main hotel and stage house between New 
York and Philadelphia. He had children : Joachim, Cornelius, Abram (or 
"Brom," as the Dutch called him,i, John, Jacobus and Isaac. Isaac set- 
tled at Toms River about 1704, and m. Abigail Hatfield, a widow with one 
child. Isaac Gulick and w., Abigail, had five sons, viz: James, Stephen, 
Abner and William. Abner and William m., removed to Ohio and d. there, 
leaving issue. Nimrod moved to Tuckahoe, N. J., where he d., leaving 
issue Stephen (from whom some of these items are derived) Hved at 
Toms River and then in Berkeley township, and outUved all of the rest. 
James, who was the first judge appointed in Ocean county, was 1). at Cran- 
bury, in Middlesex county, Jan. 9, 1793, the year before his father removed 
to Toms River, and he d. July 5th, 1855. He had sons : John Hatfield (at 
onetime Surrogate), Sidney, Henry Clay, Horatio and another. Horatio 
was County Collector. Stephen, aljove named, was brother of Judge Jas. 
Gubck. In 1797 Isaac GuUck sold Dillon's Island to Aln-aham and George 
Parker, and in deed says he bought it 1794 of John Imlay. Mendiers of 
the GuUck family became noted as missionaries and son'ie settled in the 
Sandwich Islands, where, about I87(t, ('has. T. (iulick held an official posi- 
tion in the Custom House. 

H ALL- John Hall was awarded a share of land 1070. He was probably 
from Portsmouth, R. I., as a John Hall is named there among origdnal 
settlers. In 1702 Benjamin Hall, of Freehold, bought land t>f John Boude. 
In 1722 John Hall was a witness to will of Richard Hartshorne. 

Hai(;ht .\l)out the first of this name mentioned in New Jersey records 
were Nicholas, Jonathan, David and John Haight, sons of Samuel Haight 
of Flushing, L. I., who in 1717, sold land at Amboy to George Willicks. 
The father, Samuel Haight of Flushing, was a i)ronn"nent Quaker; he d. in 
1712. William Haight liought land in Monmouth in 1795 of :\Iiclia(I 
Parker and Sarah, his w., and widow Abigail Bowman of New York. This 
■Williiim Haight had brothers Josei)h, Charles and John. Charles .settled at 
Long Branch. ^Villiam Haight had son Thomas G., who was .father of 
Gen. Charles Haight of Freehold. 

Hainks, Haynks Charles Hayi-es is named in 1071, in an agreement 
with Randall Huet about a sloop. In 1C>70 he had ]iatent for 200 acres t)f 
land and meadow. The same year, 1070, Charles Haynes of Sussex, Dela- 
ware, formerly of Middletown, deeded land granted by Carteret 107G to 
William Clark. 



XXXll HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Halsey— Jesse Halsey of Stafford bought land 1779 from Josej)!! 
Eniley. He was at one time Jiistice of the Peace in Stafford. The Halsey 
family were early settlers In Essex county, and Joseph Avas perhaps the 
first named. Menihers of the family early settled on Long Island. In the 
tax list of Southampton, L. I., 108;], among taxpayers M-ere Thomas Halsey, 
Isaac Halsey and Josiah Halsey. A large amount of genealogical informa- 
tion of blanches of the Halsey family is to be found in the published 
records of the Presbytnian church of Morristown. 

Hamilton— Eobert Hamilton is named as juror 1678. In lG7i» he is 
named as living in New York. In 1G82 he bought land in Middletown of 
Jacob Truax. At the t ourt of Sessions at Middletown, March 22, 1687, 
the commission of Kobert Hamilton as ClerK of the Peace was read. He is 
called Major at this time. Andrew Hamilton was Governor of East and 
A\ est Jersey, and also Lieut. -Governor of Pennsylvania from 1701 to 1703, 
and d. April 26 of the latter year. 

Hampton -John Hampton came to this country, probably in 1683, as 
it is stated in Perth Amboy records that his chiklren Jaiie, Elizabeth, 
Lideah, John and David were "imported" that year. His plantation in 
Monmouth is referred to in 1687. The will of David Hampton of Freehold 
dated Sept. 16, 1710, Avas proved Feb. 27, 1711. la 1764, John Hampton 
and James Plampton were assessed in old Shrewsbuiy townshij). William 
Hampton was assessed in Freehold, 1776. John Hampton was 
licensed to marry Lidy Hankinson, March 9, 1761. 

Hance— John Hance was auKmg original settlers of Monmouth 1667. 
He was Depiity and overseer at a court held at Portland Point, Dec. 28, 
1669. Sept. 1 670, he covenanted to make a pair of stocks for the town, 
for which he was to receive twelve shillings and sixpence. Diiring the 
brief sway of the Dutch in 1673, he vras appointed " schepen " or magistrate 
by them. In 1676, he received a warrant for 330 acres of land. The will 
of John Hance was dated March 24, 1707, proved Jan. 27, 1710. It states 
that he was of Shrewsbury. Tradition says that John Hance came origi- 
nally from Wales. But it is evident that he had lived many years in Dover, 
New Hampshire, before he came to Monmouth. After 1665, his name dis- 
appears from records of that town. He was a brother-in-law of Tobias 
Hanson, also of Dover, New Hampshire, who came with Hance to Shrews- 
bury Imt who subsequently returned to New Hampshire and was killed by 
the Indians. He left a son Tol ias whose name also appears in Freehold 
records. Isaac Hance, tradition says, died about 1764. In Moiint Holly 
records of marriages is one of the marriage of Judiah Hance to Sarah 
Brown, Oct. 10, 1791. Among tax payers in t>hrewsbury township, 1764, 
were Benjamin, Jervise, Isaac, Jacob, David, Jr., David at the Branch, 
Timothy and son, and John Hance. 

HANKiNS-John Hankins is named 1705 in a deed from Samuel 
Lt onard to Edward Taylor. This "path" is referred to 1713. Thomas 
and Edward Hankins were witnesses to a deed 1713. Among licenses to 
marrj', recorded at Trenton, are Thomas Hankins of Monmouth to Mary 
Clemminger, Sept. 12, 1728; Daniel Hankins of Middlesex, 1737; Isaiah of 
Burliugton, 1771; John of Burlington, 1778; William, Jr., of Middlesex, 
1751. In 1764 Zachariah Hankins wfis among citizens taxed in old Shrews- 
bury township, and in 1776 was taxed in P'reehold. The name of John 
Hanckins occurs at Hempstead, L. I., 1683 with Spraggs, Cheesemans and 
other nauies since familiar in New Jersey. Perhai)s the first John of Mon- 
mouth came from thence 

Hankinson— There seems to have been two Thomas Haiikinsons 
among tirst settlers of Mcmmouth. About 16)88 'Ihomas and Bicliard 
Hankinsgn received a patent from- propiietors for 120 acres of land In 
1690 a Thomas Hankinson, a. about 18 yrs., and Peter Hankinson, a. about 
16, were in the employ of Thos. Warne, carpenter, who was b. in Ply- 
mouth, England, lived for a while in Dui)lin, Ireland, and came to Amer- 
ica with his brother Stei)heu in 1683. This Thomas Hankinson, who was 
with Warne, it may be presumed, learned AVarne's trade of carpentering. 
The Thomas Hankinson frequently named in early records of land sales, 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. XXxiii 

wiis pr()bHl)lT the ouo uiuned vrith Itichnrd. In 1711) Tboniiis Jruiikinsou 
bought (ilU iK-res of laud from Beujaniiu AUeu, of Freehold. The sniiie 
yeifi- he is snid to be of Freehold in a deed from him for 1(1(1 acrcK of hind 
to CorneliuK Covenhoven, of Middletown. I^ 1717 he sold hmd to Martc 
Salem. In 17(i4 Jam(>s and Thomas Hunkinson were among jjcrsons 
taxed in old Shrewsbury tnwnshi]). In 177(1 among persons taxed in Free- 
hoUl township were Kenneth Hanldusou for ~>Ui aeres and (11 horses and 
cattle; William Haukinsou 1-50 acres^ Albert Hankinsnu and Will, llankin- 
son, Jr. In the early jiart of the present eentnrv William Ilaukiiison m. 
Mary, dau. of Josej)!! Perrine; she was b. Jdarch'27, 17'.)8, and d. Sept. 7, 
1881. She had dan. Elizabeth Perrine Hankinson. Capt. Kenneth Han- 
kinson was noted in the lievolntionary history of Monmouth and had son 
James, who had a dan. who m. James Newell father of ex-iiovernor Wil- 
liam A. Newell. In 1778 Elizabeth Hankinson m. WiUiam Van Brunt, son 
of Nicholas, High Sheriff of Monnumth. 

Hanson Tobias Hanson was among original settlers who bought land 
of the Indians 1('>()7; he is said to have settled at or near Nevisiuks. He 
was from Dover. New Hamjjshire, and was a son of Thomas Hanson, who 
M-as granted land at Dover 1(")58. Toliias came to Monmouth. He did not 
remain long, but returned to Dover after the death of his father, inobablv 
to care for his father's estate. His fate and that of a jiart of his family was 
sad. On the 28th of June, 1689, his w. Avas captured by the Indians and 
his mother was killed the same day. He himself Mas killed by the Imhans 
May 10, IGitli He left children Tobias, Joseph and others. The son 
Tobias was eldest and heir, and his name appears occasionally in Freehold 
and Perth And)oy records. 

Hart— Thomas Hart paid for a share of land bought of Indians in 
Monmouth 1(;(;7-7<I. There was a Thomas Hart of Enfield, England, who 
became one of the twenty-four proprietors 1G82. But this Thomas named 
in Monmouth lC)67-7(), was probably of Rhode Island. In 171;-! the land 
of ' ' the late Thomas Hart" is referred to in a Freehold record of a road 
survey. Capt. EUas Hart, d. in Freehold in Jan. 31, 1882, aged eightv- 
eight years and one month. Levi Hart, his grandfather, emigrated froiu 
England about 1735 and settled at Colt's Neck. Jacob Hart kept the hotel 
at Colt's Neck about 1787, known as Hart's Tavern. He had brother Ebe- 
nezer, who had sons Elias (settled in Freehold), Levi, Permelia, Zelphia, 
Walter and Margaret. 

Hakkcut, Haeker— Daniel Harker was a securitv to the amount of 
£l2o, for High Sheritf Forman, March, 1696. Daniel Harkcut, "hite of 
Freehold, now of Great Harbor" (Absecom Creek':*) in 1713 sold land to 
Abraham Emans, late of Gravesend. 

H.U1TSHORNE— Kichard Hartshorne, ancestor of the Hartshornes of old 
Monmouth, was a Quaker of good reputation and benevolent disposition. 
He came to this country in September, 1669, and soon located at the High- 
lauds, where his descendants have since lived. The celebrated Geo. Fox 
visited him in the spring of 1672 on his way to Friends' Meeting at Oyster 
Bay, L. I. In the latter part of June of the same year. Fox again visited 
him. liichard Hartshorne says he was then 75 years old, liy which it 
would seem he was b. about 16-41, and was 28 vears old when ne came to 
this country. He was named for High Sheriff of Monmouth 1683, but de- 
clined the othce. He held various positions of trust; was Town (;ierk oi 
Middletowu 1675-7; mendjer of the Provincial Assendjlv 168:5 and in other 
years; in Council, 168-1, 98-9; was Speaker of the Assend)ly 1686, etc. 
Hugh Hartshorne was at one time a New Jersev proprietor. In the 
division of town lots at Middletown, 1(167, lot number 25 was awar.led to 
■William Golding who sold the same to Kichard Hartshorne. On April 23d, 
167(t, William Gouhling sold all his claims f'f)r hinds in Monmouth to liich- 
ard Hartshorne. This was recorded in the Middletown Town Book, page 
48, and dated Nov. 25th, 1672. liichard Hartshorne also owned a largo 
tract of land at the Highlands which, iu 1703, ho gave to his son William 
and not long after moved into Middletown village. In the rear 1703, 
Richard Hartshorne made a deed of gift of tho Highlands estate," including 



XXXIV HISTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Sandy Hook, to his son William. After this transaction he resided in the 
house now standing adjoining the Baptist parsonage. This hoiise is proba- 
bly the oldest in the county. He lived in this house until his death* in 
1722, and was buried in the burial gi'ound adjoining the house but the site 
of his grave is unknown. The Highlands estate remained intact until 1762 
when Esek released to Robert all his title to lands south of a line drawn 
east and west through the Highlands, making each tract about seven hun- 
dred and forty-seven acres and each retaining half interest in Sandy Hook. 
The ijroperty of Robert, being the south part, lies on Nevesink river. It 
was kept by him lantil his death, 1801. The will of Richard Hartshorne, 
the founder of the family, was dated at Middletown, May 14, 1722, and 
pi'oved May 22, 1722; it says: " My body is to be decently buried * * * 
My will is, all my debts to be paid and it is not in my memory that I owe 
five shillings to any man or woman." His executors were sons William 
and Hugh. Witnesses Richard Stout, John Wall and Joseph Cox. Richard 
Hartshorne, the foiinder of the family in New Jersey, was born in Heath- 
erne in the northern part of Leicestershire, England. 

Hakinu —Jacob D. Haring bought an interest in land around light- 
hoiTse at Barnegat Inlet ot Bornt Slaght, in 1838. The Harings are of 
Dutch origin. Probably the first was Jan Pieterozen Haering, who joined 
the Dutch Church New 'York, Oct. 28, 1608. 

H.VTTOX, Hi'TTON— Samuel Hatton or Hutton, in 1077, claimed war- 
rant for land in right of Peter Easton, of Rhode Island, who was one of 
the original purchasers of the land in Monmouth of the Indians, but who 
remained in Rhode Island. The name is given both as Hatton and Hutton. 

Havens— John Havens Avas among oi'iginal settlers of Monmouth and 
is named 1008 among inhabitants of Nevesink who took the oath of alle- 
giance. In 1675 he received from proprietors a warrant for 120 acres of 
land; another patent of laud was issued to him 1681; in 1682 he is named 
as a Commissioner. His will was dated March 14, 1687, and proved Sept. . 
9, 1687. The Havens family descend from Wm. Havens, one of the first 
settlers of Portsmouth, Rhode Island, named in January, 1639. He died 
1683. His will was dated March 12, 1680, and probated Sept., 1683. The 
son John came to Monmouth aboiit 1607; there was a Jane Havens, dau. 
of John, (probably the John of Monm-oiath, ) who m. Thomas Shreve. 
Among taxpayers in Shrewsbiiry in 1764, were Daniel Havens and John 
Havens. Jesse and Moses Havens were soldiers in the Revolutionary war. 
In 1800 a John Havens, called senior, bought a tract of land on Kettle 
Creek. The late Hon. Abraham 0. S. Havens, who was the second mem- 
ber of the Assembly from Ocean county (1854), was a son of John Havens, 
who m. Anner Osborn, sister of Col. Abraham Osborn. Hon. A. O. S. 
Havens d. Oct 16, 1854. His Midow, Ann, d. in 1882 in the 79th year of 
her age. She was a dau. of Esquire 'Davidson of Wall township in Mon- 
mouth. She was an earnest christian and a member of the Baptist Church 
at Kettle Creek, to which her husband, Hon. A. O. S. Havens, had be- 
queathed five hundred dollars. 

Haviland, He avil and— Letters of administration were granted on the 
estate of John Haviland, Aug. 31, 1724, to Gabriel Stelle and Elisha Law- 
rence. In 1770 Joseph Heaviland was assessed in Freehold for 130 acres 
of land and sixteen horses and cattle. 

Hawes — John Hawes was among first settlers at Wakake, Monmouth 
county, named 1609. He sold a house and lot to Richard Hartshorne, May 
24, 1070, and his w. Jone (Joan?) joined in signing the deed. The deed 
or agreement al)out the sale was recorded in the old Middletown Town 
Book. In 1070 he was ajjpointed to make stocks for the town of Middie- 
toAvn. The name John Hawes appears in Plymouth Colony records 16()0-8. 
In the latter year he was ajipointed to receive excise taxes at Yarmouth. 

Ha/,aki) -Rol)ert Hazard, with Gideon Freeborn, was among the num- 
Vier who paid for and was awarded a share of laud'1067. This family has 
been quite prominent in Rhode Island. There was a Thomas Hazard at 
Middleburgh, now Newton, Long Island, who was named as a delegate of 
NewtoM'n, L. I., 1653. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. XXXV 

Heard— JiUiies Heard is roferred to iu Freehold records as u purchaser 
of lands in Court records, dated Dec. 28, IGd'). He d. in Sopteuiher, 1()87, 
as his will was dated Shrewsbury, Sept. 4, 1G87. It refers to his w., names 
son Edward, son-in-law John West; daughters Sarah, Lafetra and Eliza- 
beth West; and children Robert W^est, Frances Stout, Mary Caniock and 
Ann Chamberlain. 

Lafevku -In 1715 Ilcndrick Verwey of Freehold, sold land to Mindart 
Lafaver of New York. The same year Mindart Lafever, of Middletown, 
sold land to Daniel Polhemus of Flatljush, L. I. In 1725 William JJrewer 
sold land he had bought of Mindart Lafever to William Leeds. 

L.u-ETKA Edmund Lafetra, first named in Monmouth, had warrant 
for land lfi75. The name Lafetra indicates French, and probably Hugue- 
not <irigin. 

Laing — William Laing was collector of Freehold township 1()95. He 
was from Scotland and his will is. dated 1709. Among wills filed but not 
recorded at Trenton, is (me of John Lang of Middlesex, dated lf;'J7. He 
was the one probably who came over in 1085 from Craigsforth, Aberdeen, 
Scotland, whose descendants settled near Plainfield, N. J., and were mem- 
bers of the Rah way and Plainfield Quaker meeting. Much of the genealogy 
of the Laing family has been collected by O.B.Leonard, Esq., of Plainfiehl, 
New Jersey. 

Laied— The tradition handed down on this family states that three 
brothers, Alexander, William and Robert Laird, emigrated from Scotland 
to East Jersey jjrevious to 1700. Rol)ert Laird, a descendant of one of 
these brothers, was b. April 7, 1758, and d. June :5, 1811. His w. Eliza- 
beth was b. May 12, 175-1, and d. April 13, 183:?. Their home was at Eng- 
lishtown. They had four sous and two daughters. Sanniel, third son of 
Robert, was b. Feb. 1, 1787; iu 1817 he became proprietor of the hotel at 
Colt's Neck, which he kept for 42 yrs., and d. there July 5, 1859. His wife 
was Eleanor Tilton, who was born May 16, 1795, and died June 1, 18-48. 
They had eleven children; one, his son Joseph, when a boy, rode the 
famous race horse "Fashion" in 18-42, in her race with " Bost<m," 
making the fastest time that ever had been made this side of the Atlantic. 
" Fashion " was owned by his father. Dr. Robert Laird was State Senator 
1855-6-7. 

Lamson — Lambson— The earliest mention of this family is at Penn's 
Neck, Salem county. Thomas Lambson and w. Ann, came to America and 
settled at Penn's Neck about 1690. They were of the Baptist faith. They 
had nine children. A descendant; named Matthias Lamiison, owned in 
present century the brick mansion near Salem Creek, built by an ancestor 
about 1730. 

Lane —Gilbert Lane of New Utrecht, L. I., bought land May 31, 1699, 
of Tobias Hanson. Adrian Lane of New Utrecht, L. I. , bought land in 
Middletown, June 21, 1701, of Peter Tilton. Jas. Lane of Freehold, 
borrght land 1705 of Roliert Burnett. In 1709 (xisbertLane of New Utrecht, 
L. I., bought land of Daniel Applegate and others of Alexander Innes, 
clerk. In 1711 Gisbert Lane of Middletown, deeded land to his son Cor- 
nelius, Shrew.sbury. ('ornelius was grand juror 1715. Tlu^ will of Gilbert 
Lane was dated Nov. 7, 1720, and named w., Jane, sou Adrian, dau. Cath- 
arine DeHart, Mary Van Sicklen, Jane Lane and grandchild of deceased 
dau., Williamse Hendrickson, formerly w. of Wm. Hendrickson. The will 
was proved 1727. The Lanes of Old Monmouth were from Holland and 
mainly descend from (rysbert and Jac^ob Thysz Van Pelt Lauen, and are 
of the same stock as the Van Pelts, using I^ane, Laen or Laau as a aurnanie 
instead of Van Pelt. In 176-4 Cornelius Lane was a taxpayer in Old 
Shrewsbury township. In the latter part of the last century Jacob Lane 
settled at Goodluck. 

Lawrence Williaui Lawrence was anumg the original purchasers of 
the land in Monmouth, 1667. W^illiam Lawrence, first of the name, be- 
came a large land owner and during his life deeded tracts to his children. 
The will of W'illiam Lawrence 1st, was dated at Middletown, Dec. 3d, 1701, 
and proved May 22, 1704, and is quite a lengthy instrument. Among 



XXX VI HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

other items lie bequeaths to his loving w. Elizabeth during her natural life, 
forty acres of land with the dwelling house, barn, orchard, etc., thereon; 
also to said wife all household goods and furniture that he had with her 
when he married her; also two cows. To my son Joseph I give the use 
of my negi"o boy "Shallo" for the term of thirteen years, when said 
negro boy is to be free. To three grandsons he gave each a horse. To 
one granddaughter ten shillings and to his granddaughters Mary, Hannah, 
Elizabeth, Husannah and Kebecca Grover, each one a two year old heifer. 
All the remainder of his estate, real and personal, he gives to his sons 
Elisha and Joseph and makes William and Elisha his executors. It is 
dated Dec. 3d, 1701. James S. Lawrence, grandson of James Lawrence, 
was born at the homestead, Cream Ridge, and he was for many years a 
judge, also member of the Legislature, 2)i'esident of Freehold Banking Co., 
A:c. He d. Feb. 26, 1860, in his sixty-third year. He married, first, Mary 
S., dau. of Hendrick Conover, and second, Phebe Ann, dau. of Nathaniel 
S. Rue, Sr. Elisha Lawrence, sheriff of Monmouth, at the breaking out of 
the Revolution, was born in 1740. He raised a corps of five hundred men 
which he commanded in the Royalists Brigade. lii 1777, he was taken 
prisoner by General Sullivan on Saten Island. After jjeace he left with 
the British army with his ranlv of Colonel and half pay. Thomas Law- 
rence of New Jersey joined the Royalists and was a Major in the British 
service. In the Revolutionary war, in the Continental arm}% Benjamin 
Lawrence was a lieutenant, 1776-80, and Daniel, John, Nathaniel and 
Thomas, privates. In the State Militia, F.lisha Lawrence was a colonel and 
also quartermaster; Elisha, Jr., major and lieutenant-colonel, 1775-7; 
Abram, Daniel, George, Isaac, Israel, John, Thomas and William were pri- 
vates. Robert Lawrence died in Upper Freehold, Oct. 31, 1881, in his 90th 
year; he was a lawyer and had been a member of the Assembly for upwards 
of twenty years and also speaker. 

Laweie, Laurie — Thomas Lawrie, brother of Deputy-Governor Gawen 
Lawiie, came to this country in 1683, with two children, James and Anne. 
His will was dated March 6th, 1712, and proved August 12th, 1714. He 
appointed son Jaines his execiitor. In the will of James Redford, 1726, he 
speaks of his son-in-law James Lawrie. In 1705, James Laurie bought 187 
acres near Allentown upon which he built a cabin and remained the re- 
mainder of his life. In 1727 the son James purchased of Anthony Wood- 
ward 132 acres, situated on Crosswicks Creek, and in 1731, was taxed for 318 
acres of land. This James had two- sons, Thomas and William. In 1758, 
"Wilham was taxed in Upper Freehold for 490 acrer. of land and Thomas 
for 300 acres. William was a prominent Quaker and Thomas was a store 
keeper in Allentown. 

Layton, Lawton — AVilliam Lay ton was a " townshipper " among origi- 
nal settlers of Monmouth, 1667. He had town lot number fourteen in Mid- 
dletown. In 1677, he received a warrant for 218 acres of land from Pro- 
prietors. Among tax payers in Middletown townshiji, 1761, were Andrew, 
John, Wilham and Anthony Layton. In Shrewsbury, 1764, were Andrew, 
William, Lemuel, Obadiah, Safety, John and Samuel and son. This 
family may descend from Thomas Layton who was among original settler.s 
of Portsmouth, Rhode Island, 1638. 

LeCock, Lacock— Robert LeCock, Shrewsbury, had retiirned from 
proprietors 179 acres in 1679. The same year he had also a warrant for 
160 acres. ' In 1687 his place is named in will of John Chambers, and his 
name given as Lacock. 

LeConte— Peter LeConte of Stuteu Island, bought land at Woodbridge, 
N. J., in 1696. In the will of Elias Mestayer, 1731, is mentioned the name 
of Peter Lee Conte, physician, of Shrewsbury. Sept. 5, 1734, Robt. Stout 
of Shrewsbury, conveyed to Peter LeConte, physician and surgeon of the 
town of Freehold, 500 acres near Barnegat. He m. Valeria, dau. of John 
Eaton of Eatontown, who d. 1788 in her 72d year, and was buried at 
Orange, N. J. Their dau. Margaretta m. Rev. Jedediah (Chapman of the 
Presbyteiian church. Orange. Their first child, named Peter LeConte 
(Jhapman, upon reaching maturity, adojited its grandfather's name (Peter 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. XXXYll 

LeConte) iu cousidoratiim of tlio sottleineut upou hiui of his <,'riinilf)itbt'r's 
large estate. He studied law and settled in Western New Yurk. John I. 
LeCoute, 1j. in Slaewslmrv 1784, was a n()te<l Naturalist. In the Preshy- 
terian graveyard near Matawan, is a tonilistone to the memory of Dr. Peter 
LeConte, who d. Jan. "i'.l, 17(i8, iu the (i(>th yi!ar of his age. 

Leeds -Warrants for lands were issued by East Jersey proprietors iu 
1076 as follows : Thomas Leeds, Sr. and w. 2W acres: William Leeds and 
w. Dorothea 1"20 acres; Daui el Leeds aud w. (Anna?) 120 acres, Thomas 
Leeds, Jr., .and w. Ann 1'20 acres. In Burlington county, tiie name Daniel 
Leeds occurs 1()77. Daniel Leeds, of Burlington, was tirst Surveyor-Gen- 
eral of West Jersey; his hooka are in the ottice at Burlington aud date from 
1G81 to 1710. • ' 

Leffeets, Leffektson — Ouka Letfers named in court proceedings 
1710 was the Ouke Leflerson who with w., Catrina Vonk, joined the Marl- 
borough Brick Church 1709. He was 1). Ainil 4. I()78, and was son of Lef- 
ferts Pieterse, who came from Haughwort or Hauwert in North Holland 
about KiOO. Auke Jause Van Nuyse settled at Flatbush, L. I. T>efferts 
Pieterse had a number of children who are named in liergen's Kings I'oun- 
ty settlers. His son who came to Monuiouth was named Auke, but was 
generally calleil Ouka. 

LeMaistke, Masters —Among names of original purchasers of land 
in Monmouth 1007, was Francis Masters, as the name is recorded in Free- 
hold records. He is named at same time as a " township])er. " His name 
subsetjuently appears iu proceedings of court and iu proprietors' records, 
Perth Amboy, as LeMaistre. Their names indicate that both were of 
Huguenot origin. The name LeMaistre was soon corru2)ted to ^Masters. 
In 1075 Francis LeMaistre or Master, was granted 24:0 acres in Shrewsbmy 
by proprietors. The same year Clement Masters and Paulin Masters were 
granted 120 acres in Shrewsbury. 

Leonaed— James Let)nard of Tauutim, ]\Iass., was one of the original 
purchasers of land in Monmouth 10()7-7O. He did not settle here V)ut sold 
his share to Sarah lieape, December, 1764, aud iu the deed is called 
"ironmonger." Henry Leonard, brother of James, from whom 
most of the ancient Monmouth Leonards descend, had w. Mary, aud came 
to New Jersey, it is supposed, id)out l(i74 or 5 aud engaged iu the iron busi- 
ness with Col. LeN\is Morris at Tinton Falls. Henry Leonard hail ^\■arrauts 
for land in 1()7() for 4.50 acres and then for 3U0 acres. The Leonard bros. 
early had a sawmill, named in 1087-'J2 and other times. The Leonard 
family descend from Thomas Leonard of England, who was a son of Henry 
Leonard, b. in the latter part of reign of Queen Mary, or early i)art of 
reign of Queen Elizabeth. In the northern part of New Jersey was another 
branch of the Leonard family, descending from the James of Taunton, 
tirst named in Monmouth as a purchaser, but not settler. He had sevei-al 
children. In the Revolutionary war some members of the Leonard family 
friendly to the Church of England, joined ihe Loyalists, among whom were 
John, John Jr., Joseph, Thomas and Samuel Li^onard, whose property was 
advertised to be confiscated. At sale, ilarch 27, 1771), John Schenck 
bought property of Thomas Leonard. The latter was a menrhant of Free- 
hold. He liecame a major in the Royalist service and was taken priscjner 
by the Americans in 1777 and confined at Eastou, Pa. At the close of the 
war he went to St. John, New Brunswick. 

Letts -Francis Letts was taxed in old Shrewsbury 17(;4. In 17'.)2 
Francis Letts took uj) laud south side Cedar Creek, aud i)i ISOI John Letts 
took UJ) land just above house of Francis Letts. At Manahawken, Thomas 
Letts sold land to Samuel Brown in 17!t3, and in 1800 he sold to Luke 
Courtenay. In the Revolutionary war John and Xeheiiiiah Letts were 
.soldiers from old Monmouth county. This family (h'scend from ^Villiam 
Letts, an original settler of Elizabcthtown, New Jersey. Daniel Letts 
lived about beginning of this century on north side of Stout's Creek, on 
the jilace subse<|Ueutly owned by Josc^j)]! Stout; he had son David who 
lived at Goodluck, corner of the church lane. 

Lkwis -Ezokiel Lewis was a taxpayer of Midilletown in 1701. .\mong 



XXXVlll HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

taxpayers of Shrewsbury iu 17G4: were William, Daniel, and William Lewis 
of Turkeytown. Jonathan Lewis, who settled near BayviUe abont close of 
last centiiry, tradition says came from near Bhie Ball. His son Ezekiel 
was b. there Sept. 3, IT'.tl. He was m. to 2d w. Deborah Stout, sister of 
Captain Benjamin Stout of Goodluck, in 1796. Besides son Ezekiel, he 
had three other children. Ezekiel settled on south branch of Forked River. 
He served in war of 1812, in Captain James Newell's company of Colonel 
John Frelinghuysen's regiment. He m. Sarah C. , youngest child of 
Jacob Hall, who was a soldier \vith (General Lafayette. Ezekiel Lewis d. 
May 20, 1885. 

Lloyd — Timothy Lloyd was grand juror 1720. In Middletown, 1761, 
Thomas Lloyd was a taxpayer. In 1779 Thomas Lloyd bought confiscated 
lands of John Pintard, a Loyalist. Eichard Lloyd was a major by brevet 
in Eevolution. William Lloyd was a sergeant, David, John, .James and Tho- 
mas Lloyd were i3rivates. William Lloyd, a iiatriot of the Revolution, was 
bheriff 1793; James Lloyd was Sheriff 1796-9 and 1805; Caleb Lloyd was 
Surrogate 1797—180-1, County Clerk 1812 and again Surrogate 1717. Corlies 
Lloyd was Prosecutor of the Pleas 1828 and William Lloyd was a Judge of 
the Court. 

Light- -Letters of administration on estate of Mary Light, late of Mid- 
dletown, was granted in 1740 to Peter LeConte. 

LiMMiNG, Lemon — John Limming is named in court proceedings 1683 
and subsequently. Prudence Limming is named in deed to her 1697 by Nich- 
olas Wainiight and Alice, his wife. In Uj)per Freehold, 1731, William and 
John Limming were taxed. The name was sometimes given as Lemon. 
Members of this family emigrated to Ohio in the beginning of this 
century. 

Lincoln — Hannah Lincon is named in the will, dated Sept. 14th, 1714, 
of Capt. John Bowne, 2nd. Mordecai Lincoln is named in a letter, dated 
April 25th, 17H), from John Saltar to Obadiah Bowne; he speaks of "my 
brother Lincon " and " my brothers Thomas and Mordecay. " This letter 
is preserved by James G. Crawford, living near Freehold. Abraham 
Lincon, blacksmith, of Monmouth, conveyed to Thomas Williams, 1737, 
240 acres of land situated near Crossw^ck county aforesaid. The consider- 
ation money for both tracts, containing 440 acres was "£590, and further- 
more, every year thereafter, forever, upon the feast of St. Michael, the 
Archangel, the sum of one penny, good and lawful money." The sale of 
this land was preparatory to his removal to Pennsylvania. The ^^■ill of 
Abraham Lincoln was dated at Springfield, Chester county. Pa., April 15th, 
1745. Mordecai Lincoln in. Hannah, dau. of Richard and Sarah Bowne 
Salter previous -to 1714, as in that year Hannah Lincoln is mentioned in a 
will of Capt. John Bowne, 2nd. The settlement of this estate involved a 
tedious lawsuit which is noted iu Book No. 1, Minutes of Court, Freehold. 
Mordecai Lincoln's will was admitted to probate at Philndelphiix, June 7th, 
1736. The plantation of Mordecai Lincoln contained 1,000 acres situated 
in Exeter, now in Berks county, Pa. George Boone, named as a trustee 
in the will, was grandfather of the celebrated Daniel Boone. Abraham 
Lincoln, the posthumous son, m. Ann Boone, cousin of Daniel Boone, the 
celebrated Kentucky pioneer. About 1782, Abraham Lincoln and his 
brother Thomas removed with their families to Beargrass Fort, Kentucky, 
near where Louisville now stands and Abraham's daus. ilary and Nancy 
were born in the fort. In the spring of 1784, Abraham was planting seed 
near the fort when an Indian stole up and shot him dead. Thomas, Presi- 
dent Lincoln's father, then a boy of six years old, was with his father in 
the field and on hearing the report of the gun started for the fort. The In- 
dian pursued and captured him and started to run with him in his arms, 
when Mordecai, his older brother, sliot the Indian from the fort and killed 
him. The Indian fell face foreuiost upon the boy who strugghnl from un- 
der the savage and ran back to the fort. Thomas Lincoln, who was the 
President's father m. Nancy Hanks at or near Springfield. Washington 
county, Ky., Sept. 23, 1806. The ancestor of Mordecai and Abraham Lin- 
coln of Monmouth M'as Samuel Lincoln, a native of Hingham, Norfolk 



GENEALOGICAL llECGRD. XXXIX 

coiiuty, Englaml, who fame to this comitiy iu 1(');37, aud settled at Iling- 
hani, Mass. 

LirrENcoTT llicbanl Lippeucott was aiiioiiL,' the original pmrliasers 
(if lauds ot the Indians, named in tlje settlement Kidti-T. He is named as 
a deputy and t)verseer at a eourt held at Portland Point, Dee. "iS, KKV.t. 
Under Grants and Concessions he chiimed iu 1G7() for himself, wife, two 
sons aud two servants, CIM) acres; John Lipponcott and w. claimetl Ul(( 
acres; and the following year, 1077, EestoreLippencott aud w. claimed 1'2U 
acres and I\emend)rance Lippencott and w., 2-40 acres, (^ther warrants 
were subsecjuently issued to them, among them to llestore, KemtMid)rauce 
and .Tolm. in Kifsl. Tlie will of Kicliard Lipjieueott, founder of this 
family, is tiled iu Secretary of State's ofiice, Treutou. It was dated Sept. 
23, 1()S;S, and proved Jan. 2, 168-4. Among taxpayers iu Shrewsbury 17(U 
were David, Hanufih, James, son^ of John; John (Smith), James, Samuel, 
liobert, Thomas, ITiiah, Lydia, Thomas, of Sqnauknm, and John Lipi)en- 
cott. The Kefugee Captain Richard Lipiieucott, was b. in Shrewsbury 
township iu 1745, and d. at Toronto, Canada, in 1820; his only chihl, 
Esther Borden, m. (leorge Taylor Deuuisou. a mend)er of the Canadian 
Parliament. Phil. White, a Refngeee, who was killed near Coifs Xei'k in 
March, 1782, was a half brother to Lippencott's w. The notice of the 
Lippencott family, published liy Judge Clements iu Annsds of Newtous, N/<( 
prepared by James C. Lippencott, of Haddoulield, says that Richard Lip- 
pencott ajid w. Abigail, came from Dorchester, England, aliout 1040 1, to 
Boston. Mass. After a biief sojonru, not liking Puritan persecutions, he 
returned to England with his family aud settled tirst at Plymouth, and 
then near Plymouth. This was about IC'rl. He retiirned, made his per- 
manent settlement at Shrewsbury and d. in lOSS. In the Revolution one 
William Lippencott bought the couiiscated lands of a Loyalist named 
John Wardell. The motto of the ancient Lippencott family was: " .SecK/w/'f.v 
(Inbusqne rent as." 

LipPiT — Heury Lippitt was among original purchasers in l()f)7. Na • 
thaniel Lippitt is named iu a suit, ItwG. In 1()'.)2, Moses Lippett was a 
juror, and in 1090 he bought land of Francis ITsselton. Moses Lippitt was 
born FeV). 17th, 10(iS, and m. Sarah Thrt)ckmorton Dec. Sth, 1607. In 
1714, Moses Lippit and wife Sarah, John aud Rebecca Stilwell, Thomas 
Stilvvell aud wife Vlice and Hugh C-oward aud wife Patience deeded laud to 
Job Throckmorton, lands siirveyed for John Throckmortim, sou and heir 
of Job. Moses Lippit's nauie frequently oocur.s in reoords at Freehold in 
laud sales. 

Little— "Wee, Josejih Little, eldest'son of Mr. George Little, late of 
Newbury, deceased, and John Little, eldest son of Moses Little, dcL-eased, 
the other son of said George Little of Newbury, Massachusetts," are named 
17t)2, in a deed for Woodbridge lauds. John Little of IVIoumouth had 
license to marry EJizabeth Wales of same county, Dec. 28d, 1752. John 
Little of Monmouth had license to marry Mary Leeds of Gloucester, .\]iril 
10th, 170.S. John Little of Cape i\[ay had license to marry Esther IJarret, 
May 2'.), 1701). The name "John" seems to have been a family name 
handed down in every generation in the Little family. 

LoNGSTREKT - Stoffcl Lougstrect bought laud, i()'.)S, of Thomas Huet, 
in the deed for which his name was given as Long Strett; Theo])hilns 
Lonystreet bought laud of James Lawrence, 1710; of James Hubbard in 
1714; Stoffel Longstreet l)ought land of (iavin Drummond oi Lochaber, 
1714. Stotfel, Stophilus and Tlieophilus were names ajiplicd to the same 
person. In record of wills at Treutt>n is one of Aaron Longstreet of Free- 
hold, dated March 3d, 1727, proved May 10th, 1728. In 1750, a Stoffel 
Longstreet bought the .\llen mill of Allentown. In 1758, he owned two 
grist mills iu Upixu' Freehold. In 1704, among taxjtayers in old Shrews- 
bury towushi]) \V(^r(^ Samuel, Elie find Augustus liongstreet. In Fn>ehold, 
1776, John liougstret^t, Es(j.. aud John Longstreet, Jr.. were extensive 
l)roperty owners. In the Revolution, Ellas, .\aion and (iilbert Longstreet 
were captains, and other mend)ers of the family were iu the army in 
various [»ositions. Ca[itaiu Elias was a member of the Society of Ciu- 



xl HISTOKY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

cinnati. Derrick Longstreet who had been married twenty-four j'ears, had 
sixteen children, of whom there was one pair of tAvins and all soiind and 
well. 

LucAE, LuKEK, LooKEK —Mark Lucar was among original purchasers 
of Monmouth 1G(;7. He was of Newport, R. I , and one of the founders of 
the li'Mi)tist church there, l(i64. In what is now Ocean county Jacob Luker 
m. Mary Soper, Dec, 4, 180(1. 

Lyell— The will of David Lyell of Freehold, was dated January 2;j, 
1725, and mentioned wife and seven children. He resided in Monmouth 
county at the time of his death in 17"2(). Some of his children settled in 
Perth Amboyaad are noticed in Whitehead's History of that place. Through 
their mother they descended from the noted Feuwick family of England, 
in which they took great piide. They had in their possession, kejit with 
great veneration, a small embroidered handkerchief that had come into 
their jjossession through the Fenwick family, which they stated had belonged 
to and been spotted with the blood of Ciiarles the First, who d. on the 
scaffold. Major John Fenwick was ordered to suj^erintend the execution. 
M embers of the Lyell family were burii d in the old Leppett or Taylor 
burying ground, Middletown. The Lyells are frequently named in surveys 
m what is now Ocean county. 

JMaddocks— William Madock is called son-in-law in a deed 1714, by 
Samuel Forman, and named as grand juror, 172U. Maddox is an earlj' 
South Jersey name. Mr. Shourds in his notices of Salem settlers says 
that John Maddox was a son of Kalph Maddox of London and came to 
America in the ship Surrey, 1678, ancl resided for a time in Salem. The 
names Maddox, Maddocks and Matttix may be of the same origin. 

Malcolm— Hugh .Nhrlcolm, who lived the latter part of his life in old 
Dover township Avas married twice. A son George W. by his second wife, 
m. Eachel M. Salter and settled at Forked River. In Upper Ffeehold 
1758, among taxpayers was Hugh McColm, which may have been meant 
for Malcolm. If so, he was a generation earlier than the Hugh who settled 
in old Dover. 

Mapes— This is an ancient Long Island family and the first member 
of it was settled at Southold many years before the settlement of Mon- 
mouth. Thomas Mapes, the first member of the family, is mentioned at 
least as early as 165*J. He married a daughter of William Furrier of liuck- 
inghamshire, England. Thomas Mapes made his will in 1686. Of the 
neighbors of the Mapes, William Cranmer went to Elizabethtown, N. J. , 
and his descendants are the C'ranmers of Ocean and Burliugt<m counties. 
Sweazeys went to Morris, and the late Hon. William H. Seward was a de- 
scendant. In the Revolution, members of this family are named in 
militia regiments of New Jersey. 

Marsh— Henry Marsh was a juror, 1678; had a patent for land, 1681, 
from the proprietors; in 1688, bought land of Richard Hartshorne and 
John Vaughan; was grand juror, 1()'J4, etc. In court records his name was 
sometimes spelled Mash. His will was dated May 16, 1716, at Middletown 
and named w. Margaret, son and daughter. In "SVoodbridge, Middlesex 
county, Hugh j\Iarsh had a grant of ;320 acres. 

Mattox -Lewis Mattox bought of Samuel Borden of Portsmouth, R. 
I , his share of land Feb. 20, 1672. His will is filed but not recorded at 
Trenton. It was dated Oct 18, 1694 It makes no mention ot w. or chil- 
dren. He bequeathed his estate to his friend Mary Chambers, Sr , whom 
he ajijiointed his executrix. 

McKay Daniel McKay of Freehold, had w. Mary, sou James and 
daughters Jean and Katharine. His will was dated Jan. 6, 17;i2, and 
proved Mari-h 17, 17;}2. 

MoKNKiHT — Rev. Charles McKnight, of the Presbyterian society, 
l)rcach(Kl along shore about the middle of the last century. He was 
jjieviously stationed at Cranbury 1744 to 175Ci, and in 1758 he was taxed in 
Up])er Freehold, and about 1774 installed at AUentown. He died 1778. 
Richard McKnight was a captain in the Monmouth militia in 1778 and 
Joseph was a i)rivate. A member of this family about 17'JO-l, established a 



GENEALOGICAL ' KECORD. xli 

hotel at Loug Branch for summer \'isitors and was about the first to 
bring the place into notice. His first guests were chiefly from Phila- 
delphia. 

Mklven James Jlelveu isiiumid us a grand juror 1700. His will was 
dated Freeht>ld, Nov., 170H, and uauics w. Alice and son James, and daus. 
JIary and ^largaret. In coui-t proceedings it is said that a servant of 
James Merling muidered May Wright IGDl. Probably Merling should be 
Melven. 

Meekill — The cattle mark of William Merrill was recorded in Middle- 
town Town Book May 15, KlBl). He was a. juror Kit)!). William Merrill 
came from Staten Island and bought land in 1GS7 of Richard Stout, Jr., 
and w. Frances. 

Mestayek - Elias Me.stayer of Shrewsbury, in will dated March 28, 
1731, mentions executors John Amboyman. of New York, merchant, and 
Peter LeConte, physician, now resident of Shrewsbury. Made no mention 
of w. or children. 

M1DDI.ET0N — Abel Middleton, of Upper Freehold, is named in sur- 
veys in Ocean countj' during the latter jjart of last century and beginning 
of the present. In 1791) he bought Dillon's Island, in Toms Eivei-, of 
Abraham and Cxeorge Parker. The name of Middleton is an ancient one in 
Burlington county. 

MiLLAGE, MiLLEDGE — Thouias MiUage had a mill 171-1. His will was 
dated Dec. 7, 1714, and names w. Sarah and children. PreAaous to the 
Revolution a Thomas Millidge, said to be a surveyor-general in New Jersey, 
joined the Loyalists and was a major in New Jersey Royal Volunteers. He 
settled in Nova Scotia and d. 1816 a. 81. 

MiLNEK Nathaniel Milner, of New York, bought lands in Monmo\ath 
in 1707. His will is dated April 18, 1710, and proved May 19, 1713; it 
named cousin John Kent of City of London, merchant, and Anna, his wife, 
and other relatives. 

Mills — In the old Middletown Town Book is recorded an agi'eement 
dated 1670, between James Mills, living on James River, Virginia, and 
William Lawi-ence about a house and lot owned by Lawrence at Middle- 
burgh, Long Island, was accidentally burned and the sale was declared 
void. This James Mills probably did not come to Monmouth. A James 
Mills came to Burhngton county when 14 years old and settled at Forked 
River, and was of age about the time of the Revolution. In 179'.) he bought 
land near Forked River about where the present Lafayette hotel is situated, 
and it is said for a time "kept an inn there. He also at one time hved on 
Oyster Creek. 

Melon, Mollon — William MoUon or Melon of Shrewsbury, in will 
dated March 23, 1723, leaves his property to Manuel (Emanuel?) WooUey. 
(Trenton Wills, Lib. A., p. 241.) 

Mooke, Moor — Thomas Moor and Richard Moor are named among 
original J) ur chasers of the land of the Indians 1667-70. Thomas Moore 
was a prominent citizen of Long Island, for a long time resident of Southold, 
where he was a shijiwright. Job Moore and wife of Stafford township, 
deeded land to Shinn Oliphant and William 01ii:)hant 1813. 

MoRFOKD -Thomas Morfoot's lands are refei-red to about 1670, in a 
deed from proprietors to Thomas HerV)ert. In 1672 the cattle mark of 
Thomas Maurfoot was recorded in Middletown Town Book; in 167<) the 
cattle mark t)f John Morford was recorded; in 1677 Thomas Morf'ord had 
warrant for 113 acres from proprietors and John Morford for 13!) acres. 
In 1678 in a deed to Thomas Herbert, Morford's lands are referred to and 
the name spelled both Morfoot and Morfoi-d. 

MoRuis Colonel Lewis Morris, of Barliadoes, had granted to him Oct. 
25, lt)76, a tract of 3,540 acres, from the proprietoi-s of East Jersey as re- 
corded in Lib. I, ]>. 155, of records of Perth Amboy. It was granted to 
him for the purpose of establishing iron works, and full liberty was given 
to him and his associates to "dig, delve and caiTy away all such mines for 
iron as they shall find or see fit to dig and cany away to the iron works, 
or shall be found in that tract of land that lies enclosed betMeen the south- 



xlii HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. ' 

east branch of the Eaiitan river and the whale pond on the sea side." Col. 
Morris was apjjointed bj' the Governor a member of the Council, in which 
body he took his seat. Col. Morris was originally from Monmouthshire, 
Wales. In the civil war in England, he raised a troop of horse for Parlia- 
ment, for which Charles the First confiscated his estate. In return for his 
losses Cromwell subseqiiently indemnified him. While living in Mon- 
mouth, Col. Morris was active in public affairs; he was a Justice of the 
Peace for many years and a member of the Council until Aug. 16, 1683. 
He d. May 16, 1691, at his plantation in what is since known as Mor- 
risania. In the Revolution John Morris was an ensign and Eobert Morris 
a private in Monmouth militia. Among those who joined the Loyalists 
was another John Morris and also Eobert Morris. 

MoTT — Gershom Mott is named 1684 in an agreement of heirs of Capt. 
John Bowne. His cattle mark was recorded Feb. 16, 1687, and subse- 
quently transferred to his son James. He was High Sheriff of the county 
of Monmouth, 1697-8, and member of the Provincial Assembly 1708-9-lU. 
In 1697 land was deeded to him by Obadiah Bowne and in iVlO by John 
Bowne second. It is supposed that he was a son of Adam Mott, of New 
York, and that he m Dorothy (Deborah?), dau. of Capt. John Bowne. 
'Ihere was a John Mott of Hanover, in Hunterdon county, who made will 
dated 1732. James Mott was among taxpayers, 1761, in Middletown town- 
ship, and a member of Assembly 1777-9. During the Revolution, James 
Mott, Jr., owned land near I'oms River, and lived by the bayside a short 
distance above Island Heights. During the Revolution some of the 
Mott family m Monmouth were Quakers. A prominent member of that 
sect was Ebenezer Mott who settled at Barnegat about 1745. Major-Gen. 
Gershom Mott ^^■as b. in Trenton, Aug. 7, 182'2, and d. Nov., 1885. His 
grandfather was Capt. John Mott who served in the Continental army and 
at the time of the Battle of Trenton, was a guide to Gen. Washington. 
Gen. Gershom Mott's first military service was in the Mexican war. At 
the breaking out of the late Rebellion he commanded the Fifth New Jer- 
sey, which served in the Army of the Potomac. For gallantry on the field 
he was promoted to be a brigadier and subsequently a major-general. At 
the Battle of the Wilderness he commanded the "Iron Brigade "and in 
leachng a charge he was severely wounded and had to retire from the field. 
After the war he was State Treasurer, State Prison-keeper and filled other 
honorable positions. There are two distinct Mott families in this country 
and as the founders of both Knes were named A dam and both had son's 
Adam -one having two sons of that name by different wives — considerable 
confusion is found in some attempts to trace their respective descendants. 

Mount— George Mount was among the original purchasers 1667-7U. 
He was awarded home lot number 10 in the assiarnment at Middletown 
recorded Dec, 1667, and also an outlot number 18. He was deijutj' 
to the first General Assembly, held at Portland Point 1668. Richard 
Mount was a taxpayer in Upper Freehold, 1731, and in same township, 
1758, were Michael, Thoma.s, and Ezekiel Mount. In Middletown, 17(U, 
John Mount and son, Joseph Mount, Samuel Mount and Thomas Mount 
were assessed. In 1776 Moses Mount was assessed in Freehold. The 
founder of this family, George Mount, probably came from Rhode Island 
as when he was a purchaser, in 1665, of the Indians, he bought jointly 
with Benjamin Borden who was a Rhode Islander. 

Neper, Napiek —Alexander Neper of Monmouth, in 1689, sold thirty 
acres of land. The will of Alexander Napier of Freehold, 1744, named 
dau. Elizabeth English, and grandchildren. In 1776 Thomas Neeper was 
taxed in Freehold. In 1727 Alexander Napier was one of the first trustees 
of the Presbyterian Chui'ch at Shrewsbury. 

Newberry— This is an old Rhode Island name Walter Newberry 
was a Quaker at Newport and in 1676 the noted Quaker i>reacher Williaiii 
Edniundson was at his house sick. In Old Shrewsbury, 1764, Stephen and . 
William Newbury were among taxpayers. The late Capt. Taylor Corlies 
Newberry, of Watertown, was a son of David, of S(pian, formerly in Old 
Shrewsbury. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. xliii 

Newman -Williniu Newmau took oath of allcgiauce iii Miildlotowu 
1GC8. He was appointed captain of the militia by the Dutch durin<:; their 
brief supremacy 1(17:1 William Newman had laud deeded to him 1G91. 
Walter Newman had earmai-ks of cattle recorded 1(('.»7. In Old Shrewsbury 
170-1, John, Sr., John of Squancum, Joseph and Samuel Newman were 
amony taxpayers. 

Newell— John Newell, of Freehold, in will dated July 20, 171^1), 
named w. Martha and six children. In Upper Freehold, 1758, Dr. Jas. 
Newell was taxed for a "chair." In 1776 Hugh Newell was a taxpayer in 
Freehold; he was also a soldier in the Monmouth militia during the Eevo- 
lution, and James NeweU, a sergeant. Hugh was buried in the Tennent 
Church gi-aveyard Dr. James Newell was son of Robert and Ellen New- 
ell, and was b. 1725. He received his medical edvication in Edinburg, 
where he graduated. He joined the State Medical Society in 17(17 and was 
its president 1772. During the Revolutionary war he was a surgeon in the 
Second Regiment of Monmouth miUtia. He m. Dec. 14, 17-49, Elizabeth, 
dau. of Elisha Lawrence, and had issue fifteen children, of whom Mary 
m. Dr. Grandin, Magaret m David Hay, and Elizabeth m. Robert Mont- 
gomery. It is said that there are no descendants of this Newell or Law- 
rence line now living. Dr. Newell d. of a prevalent malignant fever Feb. 
21, 1791, a. 66 years. His w., a. 60, d. the following day. They were both 
buried in one ' grave. The will of William Newell, of Freehold, dated 
1823, proved Nov., 1823, named sons William, Hugh and James; daus. 
Phebe, Lytlia, Mary Ann and Amanda, mother Ehzabeth; indentured boy 
Abel Burnett Anderson. 

NicHoLLS — WiUiam NichoUs was High Sheriff of Monmouth county. 
May, 1722, and continued to hold the office until 1727. He was a physi- 
cian. He was b. in the City of Dublin or the Kingdom of Ireland Oct. 23d, 
1685, and d. in Freehold April 9th, 1743, in the 58th year of his age. His 
w. Sarah d. April, 1755, a. over 7U years. 

NisMUTH— In 1714 John Baird', of Freehold, executed release to John 
Nismuth. 

O-iKLEY— Mary Oakley of Monmouth, in \\-ill dated Jan. 1st, 1711, 
names granddaughter Hannah Darling and sons and daughters. 

Ogborn — Samuel Ogborn, sometimes spelled Ogbourne of Hopewell, 
Burlington county, bought land of Hendrick Gulick and Catherine his w. 
July 29th, 1712.' The Ogborne family were early settlers in Burlington 
county. In 1761, Samuel Ogborne and Mary Ogborne were taxed in Mid- 
dletown. Samuel was one of the members of the Middletown Baptist 
Church, 1793. 

Oliphant— John Oliphaut with others had land deeded to them August 
19th, 1(185, by John Harcutt. William Olivant or Oliphant bought for £32 
a part of Robert Turner's share of land as Proprietors, about 1690. Among 
Scotch emigi-ants, named in Whitehead's History of Perth Amboy, who 
came over about 1685, was a WiUiam Oliphant, possibly the same shortly 
after named in Monmouth. 

Ono, Ouno— Isaac Ong bought land of the Indians 1674, and was court 
crier 1083; his dau. Mary is named the following year. In 1(199, Jacob Ong 
and another i^erson were authorized by the ]\Ionmouth court to take a 
prisoner to Burlington. Jacob (.)ng is mentioned in Massachusetts Co- 
lonial Records, vol 5, as a i>laintitt' in a suit in 1679. 

Okbson— In 1698, John Okeson of Hemstead, L. I., sold land in Free- 
hold to John Robinson of Woodbridge. He bought a tract of land in 1706 
in Freehold, of Clement I'lumstead, per Richard Salter, his attorney, which 
tract began at an oak marked by George Keith. Okeson seems to be a 
name of Sweedish origin; if so, the Okesons may have come from Sweedish 
settlements on or near the Delaware. Tradition says that Captain Tom in- 
duced settlers from along the Delaware to take lands "on quit rents" in 
old Monmouth, now Monmouth and Ocean, and Okeson may have been 
one of the number. 

OsBOENE —Richard Osborne is named in a land trial 1701. Samuel 
sborne was a taxpayer in Shrewsbury 1704. In the Revolution Abraham 



xliv HISTORY OP MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Osborne was a lieutenant. The Osbomes early settled in Little Egg Har- 
bor. Richard Osborne, according to tradition, came from Long Island. In 
1 tjiS Thomas and John Osborne settled at East Hampton, L. I. 

Page, Paye — Anthony Page was given lot No. 12 at Middletown as re- 
corded December, 1667. In March, 1671, he sold his lot to Thomas Potter 
and in November following. Potter sold it back to Page. The same year, 
1677, the name of Anthony Page appears among West Jersey projjrietors. 
(N. J. Archives, vol. 1, p. 269.) Joseph Page was a taxpayer in Upper 
Freehold in 1758. In 1799 Jonathan Page, of Upper Freehold, sold land to 
Rebecca Budd. 

Pangbukn — Stephen Pangburn was a land and mill owner in old Dover 
township 1750-60 and thereabouts. Rev. John Murray, the pioneer of 
Universahsm, speaks of meeting a Justice Pangburn of New Jersey, a ven- 
erable gentleman, who became one of his converts. During the Revolu- 
tion, Lines Pangburn, living in Stafford to wnshij^, was a member of Captain 
Joseph Randolph's company of militia, and was shot dead while on guard 
at Manahawkin on Dec. 30, 1780. 

Park — Thomas Parr, a servitor of Gawen Lawrie, late Governor, sold 
thirty acres (headland) to Walter Kerr in 1688. Tradition says a person of 
this name was one of the first to settle at Baruegat. 

Patterson — Edward Patterson was among original purchasers named 
in the settlement 1667. He had w. Faith named in a deed October, 1672, 
and he d. about this time, as his widow Faith was named same month. At 
the first General Assembly which was held Dec. 12, 1667, he was a deputy 
and overseer from Shrewsbury. In 1761 among taxpayers in Middletown 
were John, Joseph, James and Robert Patterson. In Freehold in 1776 
Joseph Patterson was a taxpayer. John C. Patterson, b. in Monmouth 
July 12, 1790, d. Feb. 16, 1879, held various public x^ositions in Howell 
township, and served as assessor for 39 years. He was the father of thir- 
teen children, among them Col. Austin H., Hon. George W., John C, cap- 
tain of Life Saving Station; four of his sons were in the Union army. 
During the Revolutionary war, in the Continental army, were the following 
members of this family from New Jersey: Thomas Patterson, captain; 
Edward Patterson, lieutenant; James Patterson, corporal; Andrew and 
John, privates, and several members of the family in the State militia. 

Paul —James Paul and w. Isabel, in 1688, were granted headland by 
proprietors of East Jersey. James Paul was a witness to will of John 
Uowne 1714. The will of James Paul was dated at Middletown, Oct. 10, 
1730, and proved March 16, 1732. It made no mention of w. or children, 
but left all his property to Obadiah Bowne's four youngest children, in 
consideration of ' ' manifold favors and kindness received from Obadiah 
Bowne in his life time, as my diet and entertainment for several years ; 
with other provisions for me made by him, both in my sickness and 
health. " 

Payne— John Payne had warrant, 1678, for 120 acres of land. 

Pearce, Pierce— John Pearce, of Middletown, sold land to Thomas 
Whitlock Sept., 1693; his cattle mark was recorded 1697 and his name 
given as Perce in the Middletown Town Book. Among taxpayers in Old 
Shrewsbury township in 176-1 were^ Jeremiah, Joseph and Thomas Pearce. 
The Pearce family early settled at Woodbridge, N. J. Joshua and w., 
Dorothy, were m. there Jan. 14, 1676; John was a noted Quaker of that 
plp.!e 1687 and thereabouts. John Pearce, father of the first of the name 
in Monmouth, it is said, was from Wales and a Baptist; he was persecuted 
on account of his faith and came to this country. 

Percy — Henry Percy is named as a township settler 1667. He settled 
at Portland Point and was given lot number 5. In 1658 Percy was a mem- 
ber of the Rhode Island colonial legislature from Warwick, and he held 
several offices until 1666. He was appointed overseer here in 1667. 

Perkins— WiUiam Perkins bought land on Lochiel Brook, between 
Waretown and Barnegat, in 1801, of Kenneth Hankinson and Samuel For- 
man. The late Jeremiah Spragg, of Barnegat, who was b. about the close 
oi the Revolutionary war, said his grandfather was John Perkins who 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. xlv 

came from Eu^limd about the time of the old Freuch war ami settled at 
Sopers Laudiug, betweeu Waretowu aud Barnegat. I'orkius is au old 
Long Island name. Williniu was taxed at East Hampton, Long Island, 
1083. 

Perrines -The tirst of this name in New Jersey was Daniel Pen-ine, 
one of the eighteen servants, some of whom were Frenchmen, probably 
from the Isle of Jersey, brought over in the ship Philip by (Jov. Philij) 
Carteret, lauding in New York, July •Jltth, 1W)~). Among the' marriage li- 
censes issued by him M-as one dated Feb. 12th, 16(55-6, to Daniel Perriue oi 
Elizabethtowu and Maria Thorel of same place. They were married the 
18th of the same mouth Nov. 1st, 1711, Henry Perrin'e of Staten Island 
bought laud on ]\Iatchaponix Neck, formerly in Moumouth county, but 
then in Middlesex. Peter Perrine of Staten Island l)ought land in Muldle- 
sex of Johu Hampton in 1713. The earliest found records on Staten 
Island of Perrines, state that Daniel Perrine, yeoman, had land there 
March 12th, 1687, of Paul Richards. The location is given as at Simoakin 
Point. The great part of the Perrine family of New Jersey, it is said, de- 
scended from Pierre Perrine of Lower Charante, France. He aud family 
tied for their lives from the persecutions that followed the revocation of 
the Edict of Nantes, 168.5, by Louis 14th. They carried with them only 
what wealth they could conceal about their persons. They embarked at 
Rochelle in France, and by way of the Netherlands came to this country 
It is said that they found passage on the ship Caledonia and that there 
were seventy refugees on board. They were wrecked aud beached on the 
southeasteru shore of Staten Island, where the family found a home. The 
Perrine family in the southern i)art of Ocean county are supposed to de- 
scend from Dauiel Perrine who was a son of Henry who came to this 
coiintry from France with his father Pierre Perrine, founder of the family. 
The will of this Daniel Perrine was proved June 2Uth, 1777, and speaks of 
him as " yeoman, of Stafford township in Monmouth county. " It named 
\v. Mary and sons James and Dauiel. The will of Henry D. Periine, son 
of Daniel 2nd,(V) was proved March 16th, 1841. Corlies Perrine, jirobablya 
brother of Henry D., born about 181;"), lived near Vanhiseville, had sons 
Peter, William, Dauiel and Corlies. Peter H. Perrine, son of Henry D., 
had son Brazilla Perrine who was a juryman in Ocean county, 18.04. He 
had children, Peter H. aud Ivins who lived near Vanhiseville. Clarkson 
Perrine, resident at Barnegat -letters of administration on his estate was 
gi-anted in 1843 His father, it is said, hept a hotel on Broad street, New- 
ark. One of his chili Iren, Samuel Perriue, was a well known, highly es- 
teemed citizen of Barnegat. 

Pew— Johu Pew lived in Middletown. 1722. He was a tax payer, 1761, 
in Middletown. In the Bevolution, Joseph Pew was a soldier in the .Mon- 
mouth militia. James Pew joined the Royalists and his wife Rhoda was 
sent to Monmouth, through the lines to join her husband in 1778. The 
next year Nov. Idth, her husband was captured by the Americans and con- 
lined in jail. A few days after, he attempted to escape, aud a sentry named 
James Tilley, shot him. Tilley was tried for the shooting but was di.s- 
charged. 

Pharo —The founder of this fauuly was James Pharo, who came to 
this country in the ship "Shield" in 1678. James Pharo had land in the 
noi-th-eastern part of Ocean county, as in 17!).'J-6, surveys on behalf of his 
heirs were made near Moscpiito Cove and one from them to James Willets. 
A branch of this family settled at Barnegjit. They were of the line of 
Timothy Pharo, born 1742. He married Hannah Ridgway, only (Liughter 
of Robert Ridgway; she was born 17r)2, and died 1801. During the latter 
part of the last century, .\uios Pharo was Justice of the Peace, and sur- 
veyor in Stafford township aud quite prominent in public affairs. At Free- 
hold are recorded many marriages performed l)y him. He married his w. 
Elizabeth in Rahway. 

Phillii's Ephraim Phillips was deceased in 16S)8. In the assessment 
for taxes in Shrewsbury 1764, two John Phillips are named; one of these 
was subsequently a soldier in the Revolution, and also Joseph Phillips. In 



xlvi HISTORY OP MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES, 

surveys in Ocean county aboiit the close of the last century, and begin- 
ning of the present, Thomas, Kichard Sr. , Richard Jr. , and William G. 
Phillips took up land. Richard took up many tracts. In 1803, July 17, 
Jacob Phillips was m. to Rachel Ferguson by Daniel Stout of Goodluck. 

PiXTARD - Anthony Pintard is named in Court proceedings 1691 as a 
defendant; in 1692 he bought land of Sarah Reape and son William Reape, 
Jr., and in 1695 of Nicholas Brown; he was assessor of Shrewsbury 1698, 
jiistice, 1700— 1. He was a Huguenot, and fled from persecution from La 
Rochelle in France, and foi;nd a resting place in Shrewslniry. The will 
of Anthony Pintard, was dated at Shrewsbury February 24, 1729 and 
proved 1732. It named eight children. He was evidently a man 
of means, as in 17U1 he was a member of the New Jei'sey Pro- 
vincial Council, being recommended by the Board of Proprietors as 
" one of the persons of ye best estates in East Jersie." The first museum 
in New York was by one John Pintard, who was b. May 18, 1759, proba- 
bly in New York, and d. June 21, 1844. In 1791 he foiinded the once 
noted American Museum under the patronage of the Tammany Society. 
The corporation granted him for a time the use of a room in the old City 
Hall on ^Vall street. Mr. Pintard then lived at 57 King (now Pine) street. 
In 1794 his collection was removed to the corner of Broad and Pearl streets. 
At a later date it passed into the hands of Gardener Baker. 

Platt— John Piatt and Joseph Piatt were taxed in Shrewsburj^ 1764. 
Abel Platt was m. to Melah Letts xMarch 20, 1796, by Abiel Akins. He 
lived north of I'edar Creek, as named frequently in surveys. The Platt 
family is an ancient one on Long Island; branches settled in north-eastern 
New York, for whom Plattsburg was named. 

PoLHEMUs— Johannes Polhemus and Annatie, his wife, were members 
of Old Brick Church, Marlborough, 1709, and elder 1719. He lived in Mid- 
dletown and in 1709 bought land in Middletown. Johannes Polhemus, 
first of the name who settled in Monmouth, was son of the Daniel of Flat- 
bush and subsequently of New York, who made purchases of land in Mid- 
dletown 1709. William Polhemus was m. to Mary Chadvvick, of Dover 
township, by Rev. Simeon Pyle, July 19, 1797. 

PoTTEK— Thomas Potter was among original purchasers named in the 
settlement 1667. Under Proprietors' Concessions, 240 acres for himself 
and w. were confirmed to him 1676. The next year he had a patent re- 
newed to him for four or five hundred acres In 1679 a warrant was issued 
to Thomas Potter, w , son and dau. for 500 acres of land at Deale. The 
same year he had deed from the Indians for land at Deale. Ejahraim Pot- 
ter is named in court proceedings 1685. He was m. twice. His lirst w. 
may have been a Wainright as he named a son Nicholas. His second w. 
was Mary (Chambers) widow of Nicholas Brown. They were m. about 1716. 
In 1729 Nicholas Potter gave quit claim "to his loving brother-in-law, 
Hugh Jackson " for land on which Jackson then lived. In 1733 Ephraim 
Potter (second?) is called son-in-law by Thomas Woodmansee in his 
will. Thomas Potter, noted in the history of the Universalist Society, it 
is said, m. Marj' Hulett and his l)rother Isaac Potter, m. her sister Eliza- 
beth Hulett; they were daus. of Robert Hulett. Tradition says that Isaac 
Potter's w. inherited the farm subsecjuently owned by their son Paul and 
in late years by H. E. Lawrence. Job Potter, a relative of Thomas, had 
son Phinehus, well remembered at Bayville. Paul Potter d. Dec. 6, 1853, 
a. 89 years, minus one day: his w., Penelope, d. Jan. 3, 1870, a. 82 years 
and 8 nfonths. The will of Thomas Potter, of Goodluck, was dated May 
11, 1777, and recorded at Trenton. It gave to his w. Mary his homestead 
and household goods. In reference to the church, he says, as is elsewhere 
(juoted: 

"The house T built for those that God shall cause to meet thereto 
serve and to worship him, to the same use; and I will that my dear friend, 
John Murray, preacher of the Gospel, shall have the sole direction and 
management of said house and one acre of land where the house now 
stands for the use above mentioned. " 

In 1803, Jan. 25, Ephraim Potter was m. to Hannah Woodmansee by 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. xlvii 

Silas Crane. Tliomas Potter was m. to Rebeci-a Pktt Jau. 31, 1S13, by 
Anthony Ivins, of Toms Eiver. The names Thomas and Epliraim have 
been handeil down in successive generations of the family. The founder 
of the family, Thomas, came from Ilhode Island. 

Powell —Thomas I'owell, of Wickatunk, servant of William Dockura, 
sold in lliSO to John Bowne, 30 acres, ])robably headland Job Throck- 
mt)rton's eldest dau , Sarah, m. John Powell. In 17()!t John Throckmor- 
ton, singleman, Shrewsbury, deeded land to his brother-in-law. Joh.u 
Powell. In a deed dated Sept. 22, 1720, from John Powell to Pichard 
Salter, P<'well is called innkeeper of Freehold. Elizabeth Powell m. 
Daniel Tilton at Friends' Meeting, Shrewsbury, 1717. 

Peedmouk Jeremiah I'redmore of Karnegat, and Benjamin Predmore 
of Waretown, brothers, well rememV)ered citizens of Ocean county, de- 
scended from l^enjamin Predmore (or Pregmore, as the name was some- 
times called) who in May, 177(), l)0ught of Thomas Foulkes, son of Thomas, 
several tracts of land in Jjurliugton (county not far from the Ocean county 
line. One was near Cedar Bridge, one on east branch of Wading liiver, and 
on road from Little Egg Harbor to Mount Misery. The name seemsalsoto 
have been given as Pridmore. and several whose name was thus spelled were 
in the patriot army in the Kevolntion. In Freehold records of deeds, 
Ephraim and Jeremiah Predmore are named Nov. 2(t, 1S2(), in a deed to 
them. In 1812 Henjamin Predmoie and w. Aznba, sold lands to Francis 
Woodmansee of Forked Iliver. Pi-edmore is an ancient family in Dorset- 
shire, England, the arms and crest of which is given in English heraldic 
works. 

Preston — William Preston sold land to Thomas Parker 1760, both of 
Freehold. June 19, 1803, Samuel Preston was ni. to Anna Clayton by 
Daniel Stout of Goodluck. 

Price— Josei)h Price was one of the first, probably the first of this 
name, in old Monmouth. He was an innholder in old Shrew.sbury town- 
.ship. In 172!) his five sons sold land formerly belonging to their father (m 
Nevisiuk river to Daniel Allen of Great Egg Harbor, and lauds to Joseph 
Ilulet. Michael Price, of Shrew.sbury, sided with the Loyalists in the Eev- 
olution, and his property was confiscated and sold in 1779, and bought by 
Mary Price, widow of Joseph. Major John Price was a prominent citizen 
of old Dover town.ship. He resided at (Toodluck, and was given the title 
of major from his position in the militia after the Bevolution, though he 
had served in that war. Captain \\ illiam Piice, a brother of Major John, 
of Goodhick, had command of a company in the third battalion, (rlouces- 
ter troops, in the Kevolution. He was commissioned Sept. IS, 1777. He 
d. about 1818. He had three sons. 

PuKD.UN, Pardon — Thomas Purdain's ear mark for cattle is given in 
the old Middletowu Town Book, April 12, 168-1. William Purdaiue had 
land deeded to him IGStl) by Jtjjin Stout, of Middletown. In 1(J81 Francis 
Pardon had jjateut for laiul from proprietors. 

PuRDY — William I'urdy was in the county at least as early as Kl'.ts. lu 
1712 he bought laud of William htory and is then said to be of Burlington 
county. William Purdy's cattle mark was recorded Oct. 31, l(i'>>8. 

Race, Rees — In record of licenses for marriages in office of Secretary 
of St.ate at Trenton are several of this name. Among taxpayers in Middle- 
town 1761 was John Race, a single man. Anthony Race's Run, about the 
south-western pfirt of Monmouth, is often named in old surveys about the 
middle of the last century. Members of the family early .settled in old 
Hunterdon county, N. J. Dr. Henry Race, of Pittstown, in that county, 
SJiys that his grandfather Race was b. in 1716 and lived in .\mwcil town- 
ship, near Ringoes. 

Randolph, Frrz Randolph— Reuben F., Benjamin F. and Jos(4)li F. 
Randolph owned land in Stafford township at least as early as 1762. 
Reul)eu F. Randolph was ca])tain of the militia in Stafford during tlic 
Revolution. James F, Randolph was a ])romiueMt business man at Toms 
River before and during the first part of the Revolution, owning sawmills, 
etc. He was taxed here 1764. He ni. Deliverance, dau. of the John Cow- 



V 



xlviii HISTOEY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

ard who d. about 1760. He d. about the winter of 1781-2. The late Judge 
Job F. Randolph, of Barnegat, it is said, was son of Thomas F., who d. 
at the advanced a. of 98 years. Judge Randolph m. Margaret Jeffrey, 
dau. of William and Margaret (Child) Jeffrey, of Berkley township. The 
ancient name of this family was Fitz Randolph, for which reason descend- 
ants retain the letter "F," as the initial letter of a middle name. The an- 
cestor of the family was Edward Fitz Randolph, who came from England 
in 1630, while a lad. Wan-ants were issued by projirietors for lands in 
Middlesex at or near Piscataway to Elizabeth F. Randolph, 1676, for 300 
acres and meadows, ;ind several hundred acres to others of the name. The 
noted Randolph family of Virginia descended from William Randolph, 
who settled on the James River at a place called Turkey Island, Mhere he 
pui'chased a large estate to which, says Bisho|) Meade, he added numerous 
others. He m. Mary Isham and had seven sons and two daus. Several 
of his sons became distinguished in the history of the State. 

Reape —William Reape of Newport, Rhode Island, one of the twelve 
patentees, 1665, seems to have been among the foremost in founding the 
settlement of Monmouth. By reference to the rights claimed from Pro- 
prietors for land by Mrs. Reape, she must have been one of the largest, if 
not the largest land proprietor in the county. Besides which, she owned 
property in Rhode Island. She also owned proper, y in England. Her 
property seems mainly to have been inherited by her grandsons William 
Marsh and William Brindlej'. 

Recow, Rackhow -Daniel Recow had land near Waretown which is re- 
ferred to in a survey May 1st, 1755, for James Alexander on Oyster Creek. 
He had a son Peter who lived near Barnegat. Peter dii-d when quite 
young. Peter had a brother Daniel who joined the Refugees. 

Reid— John Reid, the noted Surveyor, James Reid and his sons John 
and Samuel and his brother Andrew Reid were the earliest of the name 
mentioned in Freehold records. The first mentioned had been a book- 
seller in Edinbiirgh. His father and grandfather had been gardeners. He 
was born Feb. 13th, 1655. In 1683, he was selected by the Proprietors to 
take charge of a party of emigrants sent to East Jersey. They landed 
on Staten Island, Dec." 19th, went to Elizabethtown the 23d and to Wood- 
bridge Jan. loth, 1684. In records of wills at Trenton is one of Samuel 
Reid of Freehold (township), dated Feb 10th, 1710. In 1717, John Reid 
of Freehold is called an innholder, in a deed from him to John Boude. 

Redfoed — In the old Scotch burjang ground at Topanemus are in- 
scriptions on tombstones to William Redford, who came from North 
Britain 1682, and d. March, 1725-6, aged 84 yrs. William Redford's will 
dated Feb., 1720, at Freehold, names wife Margaret and children. Samiiel 
had land deeded to him by his father William, in Freehold, 1709. Among 
taxpayers in Shrewsbury, 1764, was John Redford. 

Remington — Thomas Remington, it is said, came from Haverstraw, N. 
Y. to Monmouth, about 1750. He had w. Amy and a dau. Mary, who m. 
Jedediah Woolley, son of Daniel. 

Reynolds, Ranolds — The will of William Ranolds of Freehold names 
wife Hellen and children. It was i:)roven 1709. John Ranolds had land 
deeded to him by Richard Salter 1712, south side of Doctors Creek. James 
Runnells (Reynolds) was a taxpayer in Shrewsbury township 1764. Samuel 
Reynolds took up several tracts of land near Toms River 1802 and there- 
abouts. Samuel Reynolds, Jr., was m. to Deborah Jeffrey Nov. 14, 1799, 
])y Benjanun Lawrence. 

Renshall— Thomas Renshall was licensed to keej) an ordinary at 
Middletown 1684; bond, £20. He is named in ('ourt proceedings 1691. In 
1688 he had 30 acres of land from proprietors. 

Rhea, Rea - Robert Ray bought headland in 1688 of John Keighn. In 
1691 he had land from proprietors. May 26, 1791, he had laud from the 
noted George Keith, who then lived in Philadelphia, and in l(i93 the pro- 
prietors confirmed the title. He is subsecpiently frecpiently named in 
ancient records, and in some deeds he is called caipenter. The ancient 
Rhea farm, since called the " Kerr or Carr farm," and owned in late years 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



xlix 



1)V D Deiiiiircst Deuise, is situatfil ii sbort ilistance scmtb-west of Freehold 
oil tin^ Hei^htstowu roatl. On this farm tlie uiain part of the liattlu of 
Mouinouth took place, aud here the old family burying ground is situated 
llol.evt Rhea, faruier. aud Marv, bis wife, in 1772 t)wned laud, the title of 
which begau at Teimeut i)aisouage. In 178;t they deeded laud to Jonathan 

^ ■ TliLHARDsoN Richard Richardson was among the purchasers from the 
Indians 1C.C.7 He settled at I'ortland Point and was given lot nuud)er 3 
at that i)lace It is probable that ho came from Rhode Island and may 
have been of the familv of ^Vil1iam R.ic.har.lsf)n an early settler of that 
colony. In 1070 he had 150 acres of land from l'ropriet(«rs. 

liiDfiWAY- Timothv Riduwav was probably the first of this family who 
settled within the limits of the present county of Ocean. In 17'21> hem. 
Sarah, dau. of William Craumer. This William Cranmer was also an early 
settler of Rarnegat anil one of the earhest conv(a-ts to (inakeiism. In the 
upper part of Ocean county, on branches of Toms River, Solomon and Job 
Rid"wav had bind. 17111-2 and at other times and had the sawmill pre- 
viouslv'owned by James Hepbuni and Stephen Paugburn. The founder 
of the'Ridgwav familv was Richard, who with w. Elizabeth aud lufaut sou 
Thomas arrived in the Delawar.^ from Lon.lou, 1679. He came trom \Val- 
hm'ford in Rerks countv, England. Tradition handed down among 
okf ()u:dvers al liarnegat, was that Richard Ridgway was a tailor, iho 
usual way of stating the tradition was, that "all the Ridgways de.sH-eu ded 
from Richard, and he at^iilor." Richard remained m Bucks county, la., till 
about 1090. when he removed to West Jersey and tinally settled in Si.nng- 
lield in Rurliugton countv where he died Sept. 21st, 1722, having made 
his will just before his death. Charles a grand.s<ui. settled in Raruegat where he 
rl July llth 18S2, aged Go vears. Richard, son of Richard, and grandson ot 
Timothy, was a Justice of 'the Peace at Baruegat. Job Ridgwaj-, son of 
Timothv married in 1709, Elizabeth, dau. of Jeremiah Methis, and had two 
daus. He died at Barnegat, July 24th, 1832, aged 89 years Solomon 
Kidgway, 2nd, and w. Amey lived in what was once a part ot Upper free- 
hold, but which since was included in Ocean ('ounty. 

RoHiJivs -The tirst of this family in old Monmouth seem to have come 
from Woodbridge, N. J., where Daniel Robins is named among original 
settlers about 1070, and at which place he rectived a grant of 173 acres ot 
land He held various town offices such as collector of taxes, constable, 
etc His wife was named Hope and they had nine children. 
Among persons taxed in Upper Freehold 1731 were Moses Jr., ^a- 
thaniel, Aaron, Samuel, Jonathan, Jacob and Zachanah Robins, and in 
1758 were Moses, Samuel, Ephraim. Elizabeth, widow, Daniel A., Diiniel, 
Joseph, (who owned a still) John, Thomas, Moses, Jr., Jacob and Joseph, 
Jr In old Shrewsbury 1764, Aar.m Robins was taxed. In the Revolu- 
tionary war Thomas and William Robbins were in the Continentnl army 
aud Isaac, Jesse, John and Joseph served in the nnUtia. Moses Robbius 
lived at Toms River and was wounded by the British m the attack on the 
Block House, March, 1782. The \'illage was then burned by the^ enemy, 
and among the houses rebuilt one of the first was one by Moses Robbins. 

Elijah Bobbins was the first postmaster at Toms River and owned the 
land oii which the Block House ha<l bc^en situated. Daniel Robins, either 
from Old England or New England, supposed to be the first of that name, 
settled in the Jersevs, and had seven sons and three daughters. 

Robinson— John Robinson was defendant in a suit with Ihoiuas 
Leonard 108 >. James Robinson's cattle mark is recorded about this time 
and he was deceased 1087. Auf>ther Jau)es Robinson in 1732 was executor 
of will of Thomas Adams of Freehold. In MidiUetown, 1701, among tax- 
payers were Duncan, John and Patrick Robinson. 

RocKHKAi), RocKHEO- Johu Rockhead, ])roi)rietor, of Now \ork, in 
1734 sold land to Peter Kuott, of Sliark River. James Rockhead, of 
Monmouth, sold laud to William Watson in 1737. Tlic wdl of James 
Rockhead, of New York, merchant, 173",t, directs that his bn.ly b.^ buried by 
his brother, John Rockhead in Monmoutb. In Topan.u.us Miav.yard is a 



Hi HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

1630; he was b. in En<:;laud IfilO. Salmons or Samons m. Marj' Goldsmith 
Aug. 30, 17'J5, in Stafford township. 

Scott — William Scott is named in conrt proceedings 1684; the same 
year he sold four acres of Meadow to Hanuauiah (xilford. He was grand 
juror 1711. The will of John Scott, planter of Shrewsljurj^ was dated 
Sept. 13, 1736, proved Nov. 17, 1736. In Old Shrewsbury, 1764, Samuel 
Scott was among taxables. 

Seabrook —Daniel Seabrook had laud deeded to him 1696 by Thomas 
Whitlock, who calls him his son-in-law, both of Middletown. James Sea- 
brook in 1699 was a witness against a negro murderer. James and wife 
Hannah are named in Coiirt proceedings 1711. In 1712 James Seabrook, 
yeoman, bought land of Thomas Stillwell of Middletown. In 1740 Daniel 
Seabrook and w. Mary, who was sole heir of Nicholas Brown, her father, of 
Shrewsbury, deeded land to John Chambers; also to Catharine Turner; and 
in other deeds they are mentioned. 

Testimony of John Clarke, of West Chester, (concerning Thomas Sea- 
brook) aged 29 years : 

This deponent saith That when there was an Alarm of Indj\ans being 
at Castle Hill, Loaden with Ammunition last summei', this deponent was 
then a sojf)Urner in the house of Thomas Seabrooke, was commandeil 
(among others) to go to Captain Osborne's house. And at his going away, 
he, the said Thomas Seabrook, took his wife (the now present widow Sea- 
bi'ook) by the hand in the Door as he was going out and said, " Wife, I am 
going out, I knoM' not but I may be knockt on the head. If I never come 
again I give all that I have to thee" (meaning his wire). And farther said 
to this deponent, "Pray, take notice what I say," and further saith not. 

May 15, 1676. Sworn before me, John Pell. 

In the tax list of Middletown, 1761, Thomas Seabrook is named; James 
Seabrook was a soldier in the lievolutionary Army. The latter jjart of last 
century Thomas Seabrook took up several tracts of land in what is now 
Ocean county. 

Serah— Nicholas Serah and w. had warrant 1679 for 80 acres in 
Shrewsbury. In 1691 he bought land of Thomas Cook. In 1705 he sold 
land to John Bowne: he then was of Freehold. 

Serjeant -John Sargent, carpenter, bought laud of John Johnstone 
1703. Joseph Sergeant was a taxpayer 1731 in Ui^per Freehold. 

SHACKERiiY — William Shackerly paid for and received a share of land 
1667. He had lot No. 9 at Portland Point. He was a sea captain and was 
spoken of as " Mariner of Barbadoes. " 

Shattock — William Shattock was among original purchasers 1667, and 
was awarded a share of land, and is fre<]i;ently named thereafter. He 
probably came to Monmouth from Rhode Island. He was a shoemaker. 
He joined the Quakers, and in 1658 "he was foi;nd in his house on First 
day instead of going to public worshiii, for which he was hauled to the 
House of Correction, when at first entrance he was ci-uelly whipi^ed and 
then kept to work while his wife and innocent children were in want on 
account of his absence." (Sewall's Hist. (Quakers). He was liberated on 
(condition of Iciaving the jurisdiction. In 1676, under Grants and Conces- 
sions, William Shattock clain)ed 360 acres of land, and next year received 
a warrant for the same on account of self, wife and two daughters. At this 
time one of his daughters was m. to Restore Lippencott, who received 
land for himself and ^\ife. In 1680 William Shaddock, planter, Shrews- 
bury, received a waiTant for 100 acres. 

Sharp— In a deo.d to John Buckalew, 1773, it is said that Anthony 
Sharp of Dutton, Ireland, bought one-twelfth of a Proprietary and cou- 
veye<l the same to his son Isaac who left two sons Isaac andJose])h. Agnes 
Shaqi is named as a witness to Friends' marriages, Shrewsbury, 168K, etc. 

Shearman — William Shearman was allotted a share of land, 1670. 
He was prol^ably of Rhode Island; he did not settle in Monmouth. Philip 
Shearman was freeman at Portsmouth, R. I., 1655. and Edward and Hcn- 
jamin named there 1674. 1800, Ai)ril Ittth, John Shi-rman of old Mon- 
mouth cf)unty, was married to Ann GittV)rd. 



GENEALOGICAL RECOIID. llll 

SiiKi'HEun, SiiKi'i'Miu— Tluiiaas S1io[)1k'1(1 aud Debonili liis \vif<% rc- 
?u1ihI in Midilletown nt least as early as 17IIH, as in that ytiai' land was 
deeded to tb»>ni. Tbiuuas Hheplierd Wiis ooustable .)t' Middletown, 1720. 
In !^Iiddlot<>\vu ITlU, Thomas Sliepbord was ainou},' jjeisons taxed. The 
Sbepbeid or Sbeppard family is numerous in Soutb Jersey. Tbomas 
Sbourds, in bis uotiees of Salem families, says there were three brothers, 
David, Tbomas and John Sheppard who came from Tipperary, Ireland, 
and in lOHS, they settled in what is now Cumberland county. Thomas 
Shepherd, first named in Middletown, m. Deborah, dau. of Joseph (irover. 
It is supposed that he was a son of Francis Shepherd of C'harlestown, 
Mass., and that he came from Stepney, Eu^;laud. 

Shinn Clement Sbinu and Kli/.a liis wife had warrant, lOTC, for 12l> 
acres of bind in Shrewsbury, (reorge Shinn had wan-ant same year for (>U 
acres. , -^ 

SHKE^-E-This name appears in East Jersey records first as Shenff. 
The first of the name was CaleV) Sherift' who had from Proprietors a 
wan-ant, 1G79, for H2 acres in Shrewsbury and a return tor the same, laid 
out on Rumsons Neck, was entered Jan. 22nd, 1(W7. William Shrove d. 
in the early part of the present century. His Avill was dated 1H2.S. Me 
left his property to his wife Maria. The late well rememliered Civil Engi- 
neer Samuel Slireve, was eldest son of Samuel Shrcve. He was born at 
Trenton, August Oth, 182'.), graduated at Princeton class 1848, studied law 
at Harvard, pra<-.tised three years at Chicago, .settled for a^time at Toms 
River as a Civil Engineer and died in Now York, Nov. 27tb, 1881. The 
Shrevc family appear first in Plymouth Colony where Thomas Shrcve was 
named, H'i38. 

Shockat.ea— Albertus Schockalea gave a mortgage to Abiel Akius of 
Dover, in 1772. 

SiLVEii, SiiJVEK -Archibald Siliver and Christian his wile, bad :iO 
acres, headland, 1(588; the next year he took uj) 10(1 acres of laud in Tur- 
lington and his name is given as Silver. In Upper Freehold, 17:M, James 
Silver was among persons taxed. Ann Silver of Burlington m. Thomas 
Wilson, July 1(;".)3. 

SiLVEKWooD -Joshua Silverwood and w. had warrant, 1()7'J. for 120 

acres of land. He was m. at Rye, in Westchester county, N. Y., March 15, 

1079, to Marv Hotfmire, a widow. January 7, 108.5, he had a warrant for 

- 243 acres in Middletown. It is presumed he d. that year. The will of 

Mary Silverwood, of Freehold, was proved Aug. 23, lGi)8. 

SiLVESTEK- -Nathaniel Sylvester was one of the twelve men named in 
the ]Monm«)Uth Patent, KUJo. and in Wu he paid for and received two 
shares of land. He did not come to Monmouth. He was at one time 
owner of Shelter Island, at the east end of Long Island. He wms a tiuaker 
and some of that sect, i)ei-secut<^d in Massachusetts, found refuge with him. 
Knowing the sufferings of the Quakers, he cordially aided in establishing 
the settlement of Monmouth as a refuge for the persecuted of all .sects- 
Quakers, Baptists and .\ntinouiians. Ho d. I(i80. 

SissEiJ., SrssELL— Richard Sissell or SissoU is named among original 
purchasers l(i70. He was probably the Richard Sussell of Newport, R. I. 
He prol>ably remained in Rhode Island; 

Skelton— Robert Skeltou is named in Court proceedings 1004-.'), him- 
self and w. .\lee, or Alice, are nan)ed UVJ8. He d. probably in the early 
part of 1704. The list of his goods and chattels was (piite lengthy. Let- 
ters of administration on his estate were granted to '-Alice Jones, his 
widow. " 

Sl.\ck, Slaght— Bornte Slaght, of Staten Island, was m. to Mary 
Cranmer of Sbiflford, Dec. G, 1812. His dau. Nancy was first wife of Rev. 
Job Edwards of Harnegat. 

Slocpm (liles Slocnm, f)f Portsmouth, R. I., bought Feb. 28, 1G70-1, 
the share of Monmouth land of John Wood of Newport, R. I. John 
Slocnm was among the settlers who, in lGi',8, took th.' oath of allegiance nt 
Nevesink; ho is frerpiently named after that in Frecholil reconls. The 
Slocnm family is supposed to descend from Anthony Slocnm who was at 



liv HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES, 

Tauntou, Muss , 1()3'J. His last two sons settled in Monmonth county. 
Captain John ni. Meribali Parker, sister of Peter find -Joseph Parker, early 
settlers of Monmouth, and he d. without issue. The Slocums of Mon- 
nioiith descend from his brother Nathaniel, whose children are named in 
his will. 

Smith — Edward Smith was amon^ original purchasers of land of the 
Indians, IGfiT, and was awarded a share. He had town lot at Middletown 
number 27. John Smith was also awarded a share of land 1GI')7, and 
given town lot number 5, in Middletown. In 1('>87, John Smith and wife 
Mary sold land to Ilichard Hartshorue; also 10(1 ata'es to Eleazar Cottrell; 
in 1705, he sold land to John Pierce; in 1713, to Jacob Truax. His will, it 
is said, was dated Dec. 29th, 1714, and mentions seven children. Edward 
Smith and wife were among original settlers of Rehoboth, Massachi;setts, 
1643. In the latter part of last century. Major John Price and w. Mary of 
Goodluck, had an only child named Ann who m. John Smith (or John H. 
Smith) and the latter removed to the Redstone coiintry in Western Pennsyl- 
vania; they had children Reulien, Jacob, James, Lydia and perhaps others. 

Smock, Smack — The first of this family in Monmouth was Johannes 
Smock "late of Staten Island " who bought land of John Bowne, 1712. 
He was gi-and juror 1715; his cattle mark is recorded in the old Middletown 
Town Rook. He was son of Hendrick Matthj-re Smock who emigrated to 
this country in 1654. Hendrick had several chiklren, some of \\ hom, or 
their descendants, came to Monmouth and others to Somerset county. 
He settled at New Utrecht, L. I., where his children were born. Members 
of this family distinguished themselves in the Revolution; three were cap- 
tains in the militia and others in other positions. 

Sn-iwsell — Thomas Snawsell of Boston, in New England, merchant, 
C bought land 1678, of William Whitlock, Middletown. Also of Walter Wall 
/ and Ann Wall, house and orchard for £3U. The same year he was 
';i plaintiff in several suits in court. Feb. 26th, 1679-80, he bought land of 
Richard and Penelope Stoutj these two noted persons in the early historjr 
■ oTMoumdutli were evidently living at this date; both made their marks to 
the deed which was not recorded until Oct. 7th, 1684. Thomas Snaw- 
sell was appointed one of the Justices of the Peace for Middletown and 
Shrewsbury by Governor Andros. In 1681, he was chosen constable of 
Middletown. 

Snowhill — "William Snowhill m. Lydia Ann Perrine. born Jan. 21st, 
1809, dau. of David. They had children Daniel, born March ■29th, 1829, 
May Elizabeth, born 1831, David, born 1834. May EUzabeth Snowhill m. 
first husband William E. Sawyer, second husband Brady. 

Solomon — Levi Solomon had land conveyed to him 1790, by Aaron 
Forman Walker of Freehold. In 1817 Aaron, a coloi-ed boy about eleven 
years old, belonging to Levi Solomon, was tried for the murder of a child 
named Stejihen Donnelly aged about two years, by di'owning him in a well. 
He was convicted of murder, but the Supreme Court subsequently granted 
him a ngw trial, jiud he was discharged. 

SooY — Joos Sooy is named in Monmouth as a witness 1716, and in a 
power of attorney 1719 from him to Sarah Sooy and Cornelius Sienhinen. 
He lived for a time at Middletown and was styled yeoman. He was m. to 
Sarah Balk or Balch, Aug. 19, 1707, as appears by the records of the Dutch 
Reformed Church at New York. 

SopEU— The Soper family of Ocean county descend from Richard 
Soaper.who lived at Woodbridge in Middlesex Co., the early part of the last 
century. His will was dated 1723 and i^roved March 2, 1730. His son 
Richard settled at Barnegat. His will is dated at Barnegat in Monmouth 
county, July 30, 1745, and proved Oct. 11, 1746; it named sons Joseph and 
Richard and speaks of four daughters, but does not give their names. The* 
son Joseph lived at Soper's Landing, on the bay Ijetween Barnegat and 
Waretown. He was a noted patriot in th(! Revolution. The naiue Sopcn- 
is ancient in New England. A tradition handed down among the Sopors 
says that they were of Huguenot origin. 

Southard- Thomas Southard or Southart of Graveseud, .Supposed 




GENEALOGICAL RECORD. Iv 

English, 11). Auica, ilau. of Autbouy Jiiuscu, fruiii Siiloe. bought Deu. 
20, 1G5U, of Thomas A]i])lcgate the one-half of the lot Apph'gate iionght 
of Itanilall Hunt (HnettV). He ownotl plantation lot No. 11 in Gravesend 
in 1('>.")3. He (pianelled with his father-in law, Anthony Jansen, aljont the 
owuer-ship of eattle, on which .\nthony Janson was iiiiinisonod liy the 
local conrt of (iiavesend, bnt released by the higher court. He appears 
to have removed to Hempstsad where he resided in 1(170, having sons 
Thomas, Jr., and John, whose descendants reside in that locality. He 
was jirobnbly the ancestor of the Southards of New Jersey. Samuel L. 
Southard, b: June 9, 1787, was Senator in Congress 1821, and in lH2li was 
Secretary of the Navy. In 1841. he was president of the Senate and in 1841, 
on the death of Gen. Harrison, was acting Vice-rresideiit. 

Speake Benjamin Speare, of Rhode Island, paid for and was awarded 
a share of land 1667. He sold the same to Sarah Eeape, who, in 1676, took 
up 24(1 ncres in his right. He was a mariner. This name, in some entries, 
is not jilaiuly written and has been copied as Benjamin Spicer. 

Spkek Samuel S])ieer was one of the twelve men to whom was 
granted the Monmouth Patent, 1665. He also paid for and was awarded a 
share of land as stated in the settlement 1667; he is also named as a 
" townshipper." In 1686 he had warrant for 616 acres in Middletown. 
The same year is recorded a receipt dated 16th of 10th month, 1(')8;">, for 
£17-2-8 for quit rents for 148 acres, signed by Gowen Laurie. rerhai)s 
the first of the Spicer family in thi^ country wiis Thomas, who was among orig- 
inal settlers at Newi^ort, E. I., 1638. Samuel Spicerwas a magistrateiu <jld 
Gloucester county, 1696, and among Quaker members of Provincial Asseud >ly 
of West Jersey, Mho took an affirmation of allegiance in 1697 |N. J. Ar- 
chives vol. 2, p. 148-9.). Jacob Spicer, sou of Samuel and Esther, was 
(jnite prominent in South Jersey and known as Colonel. He was a mem- 
ber of the Legislature and with his colleague, Aaron Leaining, com])iled 
what is known as Leaming and Spicer's Collection of Laws, the earliest 
collection of laws of New Jersej'. Jacob Spicer d. Sept 17, 1765, in the 49th 
year of his age, and this inscription was on his tombstone: 
"If aught that's good or great coiild save, 
Spicer had never seen the grave." 

His \v., who lies bj' his side, has this upon her monument: 

" Judith Spicer departed this life Sei)t. 7, 1767, in the 33d year of her age. 
' ' Virtue and piety gave way to death. 
Or else the entombed had ne'er resigned her breath." 

The Spicer family is (juite an ancient and an honorable one in 
England. 

SpkagCt— James Spragg was m. to Elizabeth Johnson, July 5th, 1798, 
by Job Lii)pencott, of Burlington county. Jeremiah Spragg was m. to 
Mary Inmau July 11, 1806, by Silas Crane of Stafford. Rachel Spragg was 
m. to Moses Letts, Feb. 1, 1807, by Silas Crane. Jeruiiiiah S])ragg, an 
aged well remembered citizen of Barnegat, in giving historical .reminiscen- 
ces to the writer of this in 1K61, said he was then about 80 years ,old; 
his father was James Spragg and ho thought he came from Long Island. 
The name Spragg is probably from Sprague, which is an ancient Rhode 
Island name. The first of this name in Rhode Lsland were Jonathan and 
William. 

Stanlie Ilichard Stanlieof Mid<lletown left widow, Sarah, to whom 
letters of administration were granted on her husband's estate Jan. 13th, 
1717 18. He m. a dau. of Eleazar Cottrell. 

Stakkey John Starkie m. Mary, widow of Adam Chanuelhouse, 27th 
of July, 1687. They are named 1 692- 7, and thereabout.s. John Starkey 
bought land of Thomas Potter, 1697, and sold land to Thomas Bills the 
same year. 

Steli.e ''Pounsett " Stelie was lieeiiseil, 1693, to keej) ])ublie Imuso 
of entertainment V)y Governor Andrew Hamilton, (iabriel Stelle had land 
from James Hubbard May 27th, 1711, 98 acres on Manasipian river. Same 
year had land from Francis Masters, on branches of Shrewsbury river; con- 



Ivi TIISTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

sidenitiou £35U. Gabriel Stelle received h patent for a ferry from South 
Aiiiboy to Staten Island, touching at Perth AniVjoy, in 172H, which was 
aboiit the time he left Monmouth. The founder of the Htelle faudly is ^ ,i ' 

said to have been Pontius or Poncet Stelle, a native of France. He was a jL- S^^^'^'*'*^ 
^1 Huguenot and to escape persecution, went to Holland and from thence ^ f^ u ,"1 

K^ ^v-'^W came to this country aboiit 1G76. His eldest son wasdVenjamin, born 1683^^ ft C^^ - ' L 
died 175'.). Benjanun settled in Piscataway as early si^ 1720, and became a"> .-j^ ^.t-' r 
leading Baptist pi'eacher; he was ordained 173'J, and tlied 175'.). ' '^ ; ■ 

Stevens — Nicholas Stevens was named as a grand juror, 1G'J9, and '. ^<-"' 
subsequently. Hon. C4eorge C. Beekman says that John Stevens, author ^irv"' 
of noted works on Egypt and other lands, was a descendant. Early — _-— "^ 
settlers of this name meatioued in Now England, came from Salis- 
bury, England, 164(i, and settled in Cape Co.1. Henry Stevens was 
named at Newport, R. I., 1048-5R, and Thomas Stevens at Westerly, It. L, 
11)91. Henry Stevens was a settler at Stoniugton, Conn., 1()70, -with 
children Thomas, Pilchard, Henry and Elizabeth. In 1731, Nicholas 
Stevens bought land in Monmouth, of David Lyell. 

Stewaut — John Stewart, of Shrewsbirry, boiight land of Isaac Oung, 
late of Shrewsbury, 1G'J7; also, the same year from Susitnnah and Mary 
Barnes, daughters of Thomas Barnes, deceased. The will of Simon 
Stewart, of Freehold, was dated Dec. KJ, 1708. 

Stillwell — Jeremiah Stillwell bought land of Elisha Lawreuce H)',)8. 
He is named as grand juror 17(J() and justice 17(14-0. In old Middletown 
Town Book the cattle mark of Elias Stiiwell, dated July 24, lfi'.)'J, is en- 
tered. In the llevolutionary war, John Stiiwell was an agent to sell for- 
feited estates. In 177'J he sold land to a Loyalist named James King, alias 
Lipjiencott, to Thomas Chadwick. Samuel Stiiwell was a Loyalist, and 
his property was confiscated and sold in 1779 by the Commissioners to 
Sauiuel Wikoff. The Stillwell family descend fiom Nicholas Stillwell, 
an Englishman, who went to Leyden and from thence came to America. 
The genealogy of the Stillwell family has been published by Judye W. H. 
Stillwell of Jaooklyn. . 

Stohy -Kobert Story paid £9 for lands boright of the Indians 1G67 and 
was awarded two shares. William Story bought land 1702 of Eichard 
Hartshorne, and sold 1712 to William Purdy. Robert htory M'as in busi- 
ness in New York city and a leading Quaker there. He and \v. Patience 
are sometimes named in Quaker records. 

Stottt - Richard Stout was one of the twelve men named in the Mon- 
mouth Patent. Under Grants and ( 'oncessions, his name he.ads the list 
of claimants as recorded in Surveyor (xeneral's office at Perth Ambt)y. In 
the allotment of Town lots at Middletown, recorded Dec. 3(lth, 1G<)7, 
Richard Stout was given town lot numljer six and also outlots, and his 
sou John town lot number nineteen and also outh^ts. At this time Rich- 
ard htout Mas appointed to assist in laying out the lets. In 1()G'.>, he was 
one of the so-called overseers for Middletown. Richard Stout was promi- 
nent in ijublic affairs in the new settlement and his name frequently men- 
tioned in Freehold records. In 1G90, Bichard Siont and w. Penelope con- 
veyed to l-ieiijamin Stout all the tract and plantation whereon they then 
lived at Hop River, after decease of himself and w. Penelope. The will of 
Richard Stout, first of the family, is filed in Secretary of State's office at 
Trenton. It is dated June 9th, 171 13, and was proved Oct. 17U5. Jan. 25th, 
1G()4, Richard Stout, John Bowne, John Tilton. Jr., James Hubbard, 
William Goulding and Samuel Spicer, all of (iravesend, made the first pur- 
chase of land in what is now Monmouth, of the Indians. The land was 
bought of Pt)pomora, the Indian Sachem, who was called "Chief of the, 
Indians." Jijhn Stout, sou of Richard and Penelope was m. Jan. 12th, 
1G71. The above gives the legal year which began March 25th. 
By our calendar year the luarriage took place January 12th, 1(172. 
The tradition among the Stouts of Ocean county, stat(;s that John's son 
Richard the S(juan Richard had a son Benjamin, who m. Mary Johnson, 
and they in turn ha<l a son Jicnjamin, wlio was tli<; wtill remembered Cajit. 
Jirnjamin Stout, who lived on the old Thomas Potter place at (ioo<lluck. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD, Ivii 

dipt. Benjamin Stout cl. Feb. 13, 1850, aged over (VJ years, and bis w 
■Sarah d. April 23, 18(if), nged over 82 years. They had children Joseph, 
Benjanjin, Daniel, Jauies, John, and daus. Garret Stout, .tie well known 
hotel keeper of Cedar Creek, b. 1802, was a son of Abraham and grandson 
of another Abraham Stont. Sir. West says that Jonathan, sou of the sec- 
ond llichaid, had a son Bicliard and several other children, and Jonathan's 
son Tombrook was an officer in the Itevolutiou and saw much service. 
The Stout families of Ocean county are iTescended from John Stont, a gen- 
tleman of Nottiijif^hamshire, England, whose son Richard caifie to New- 
York where hem. aljout the year 1G22, a Dntch widow whose maiden name 
_ was P enelope Vanpiiuces. They had seven sous and three dans. The 
most prominent of the founders of the settlements in Moumouth was 
Kicha.iil Stout. At the i)reseut day th(»re are many thousand people in 
Jsew Jersey and in other States, who can daiuj him as an ancestor. It is 
knt>wn to but few <jf these that his will is still preserved and in good con- 
dition in the office of the Secretai-j' of State, at Trenton; so it is one of the 
most interesting unpublished papers relating to the history of the family. 
Daniel Stout was the well remendjered E.squire Daniel, of Goodluck. He 
and w. Anna had ten children, one son tuid nine daus. A noted descend- 
ant of Ilichard iStout was Elihu Stout, who, about 1S04, was induced 1 y 
Gen. William Henry Harrison, afterwards President, to settle at Viu- 
cennes, Indiana. He founded the '• Western Sun" newspaper*, July 4, 1804, 
the pioneer newspaper within the tenitory now embraced by the State of 
Indiana. He continued its publication under difficulties until Nov., 1845, 
for many years after its first pubUc-atiou transporting his materials on 
pack horses from Ijexiugton, Ky. He d. at Vincennes in April, 1860, and 
was laid to rest iu the public cemetery, "leaving behind no evidence of 
any necessity for taking an inventory of his estate. " 

SuTPHEX -Jan Sutvan (8uti>hen), of King's county, L. I., bought land 
of John Johnston and w. Kuphasia (EuphameV) and subsequently, in 1713, 
he and w. Angelke Bennett joined the Brick Church, Marlborough. The 
common ancestor of this family was Derick Janse Van Sutphen, who emi- 
grated from Zutphen or Sut])hen in Gelderlaud, Holland, 1051. Jan Sut- 
jthcn, the first who came to Moumouth, settled near Freehold; he man-ied 
iVngelke lieniiett and had cLildreu. A'liong taxpayers iu Freehold town- 
shiji 177f> were three Derick Sutphens, Cornelius, Abram and Jane. 

Swain Samuel Swain was witne.ss, 1704, to marriage of William 
Brinley to Elizabeth Corl In 1714 he and w. Susannah, of Shrewsbury, 

sold land to John West, innkeeper. In 1743 Benjamin Swain was witness 
to a Chamb(;rlain deed. 

hwiNGLEK -Henry Swingler was deceased iu 1724, and letters of admin- 
istration on his estate were granted that year to William Lawrence, Jr. 

SwiNY, SwiNNY— Thurlogh Swiny and Mary, his w., were named ir)7G. 
He may have come from Khode Island. His cattle mark was recorded 
1(582. His will was dated March 1, 1G83 4, and proved March 31, 1084, 
and named w. Mary and son John. Executors, Joseph Grover and Hannali, 
his w. In April, 1084, his executor, Joseph Grover, makes the following 
charges of funeral expenses : 2'^, gallons molasses, 5s; 5 gallons rum, 7s.- 
0(1; buckwheat, 5s; butter and eggs, 3s; winding sheet, 4s; coffiu, 5s; total, 
£l, !)s., Gd. His son, John Swiunj', in iCOl chose as guardians William 
Lawrence, Jr. and (Captain Safety Grover ad eventually moved to Bur- 
lington county. In 1070 Thorlogh Swir \- and Francis Jclf ties bcmght 
land of Thomas Potter, but deeded it bac' hin>. 

T.4BEH, Tahou Philip Taber, joint said to have resided in Mon- 

mouth as early as 174'.). In 17(;i he ^ taxed in Middletown. He came 
from l>artmouth, Bristol county, M. > ., and was a sou of Thomas Tabor, 
who was a son of I'hilij), fnuuder f the family. The Philip who came to 
Monmouth was b. Feb. 7, lO.S'.t, and m. Sarah Tucker, and hatl nine chil- 
dren. Of tlieir children Woah and Zephaniah are taxed in Shrewslmry in 
1704. 

TaMv-ian James Tallnlan bought laud '"'"• His will, dated Shrews- 
bury, Feb. 21, 173fi 7, was proved April 1, 1 ned w. ^A and four 



Ix HISTOKY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Phebe Ridgway, Oct. 8, 1802, by Amos Pharo. This was the second 
marriage of Judge Tucker. 

Tdnison— Derrick Tunnesou had license to marry, 1668, (^Perth Amboy 
ilec.) In 1672 ne bought a share of land of Lewis Mattox. In 1679 he 
and vv. had warrant for 240 acres of laud in Middletown. The name indi- 
cates Dutch origin, and, if so, he was the first Dutchman to settle in 
Monmouth. 

TuRXEE —Robert Turner was one of the twentj'-four proprietors. He 
was a merchant of Dublin. He never took any interest in his property 
here, and sold most of it about 1685. He came to America and st-ttled in 
Philadelphia, and was an intimate friend of William Penn. In 1687 he 
sold one-half of his right to John Throckmorton. He also sold 1-16 of 
it to Jonathan Mai'sh, 1-8 to John Woo Uey. 1 -16 to Nicholas Brown and a 
small share to William Olivant oFDTiphant. 

UssELTON— Francis Usselton, of Staten Island, bought land 1687 of 
Robert Hamilton of Middletown, and in 1606 sold the same to Moses 
Lippit. This family may have been of Massachusetts origin. The Francis 
Usselton of Middletown was li\-ing on Htaten Island 1678. 

Van Brakle, Van Bkockle -Matthis Van Brockle bought lands 1717, 
of William Bowne. In Middletown, 1761, among taxpayers were Stephen 
Van Brackle, Tice Van Brackle, and widow Van Brackle. Cornelia Brakel 
or Van Brackle, m. Jan or Aert Vankerk, who was baijtized 1682; they left 
Long Island and settled in Monmouth, and their children were baptized in 
the Marlborough Church. 

Vane— John Vane is named as son-in-law of James Grover, Jr., in his 
will 1714. 

Van Arsdale — Derrick Barkaloo, of Freehold, m. Jannetje Van 
Arsdalen, dau. of Cornelis of Flatlands. Mr. Bergen, in his History of 
King's county, L I., settlers says Cornelis was a son of Syinon Janse Van 
Arsdalen, who emigrated in 1656 and settled in Flatlands, and m. Pietre 
tjlaesen Wyckoff. Among their children, Sj-mou came to New Jersey and 
perhaps others. The son Cornelis was b. in this country and was three 
times married. Philip Van Arsdalen m. Jane Van Dyke of Red Mills, near 
Brooklyn, and the next year removed to Somerset county, N. J. They had 
seven sons, and one daughter M'ho d. when six years old. Philip Van 
Arsdale was m. the second time to Hannah Magnisli, .^pril 3, 1750, and de- 
parted this life June 28, 1706, a. 04 yrs., 4 mos., 4 days. 

Van Brunt — The first of this family in Monmouth was Nicholas, who 
was a member, with wife, of the Brick Church, Marlborough, 1731. The 
family settled on a tract of (500 acres of land at Tinton Falls. He had chil- 
dren Hendriok who m. Nelly Schenck. Nicholas, his son, was High 
Sheriff of Monmouth 1776-8. The common ancestor of the Van Brunt 
family was Rutger Joesten, who emigrated from the Netherlands in 1653. 

Van CtEldee Hendrick Van Gelder, of Middletown, deeded land for 
£60 to Christopher Schaers and Walter Van Pelt, both of Long island, in 
1717. Possibly the Hen.irick of Freehold records and the Harmanns of 
Long Island were the same. 

Van Cleef, Van Cleve -Benjamin Van Cleef settled in ^Monmouth, 
probably about 1707. He in. Hendrickjo Suti)hen and came from New 
Utrechtj L. I., and had eleven children. The i-ommou ancestor of this 
family was Jan VanCleef, who came to tliis country in 1653. In the census 
of New Utrechf, L. I., 1608, it is stated that he had been in this country 
thirty-four years an<l had w. and four children. 

Vandekveer — I'ornelius Janse Vanderveer the comimm ancestor of 
this family, came to this country in 1650 from Alkmaar in North Holland. 
He ra. Tryntje Gillis de Mandeville. He purchased a farm in Flushing, L. 
I., Feb. 24, 1680, of Jan Janse Fyn. At that date he was ii magistrate in 
that town. He had several children. David Vanderveer, b. 1806, m. Feb. 
13, 1828, Mary, dau. of William and Ann Davis (^onover. .\fter his mar- 
riage he purchased the old Vanderveer homestead which has been in posses- 
sion of the family for a century and a half. 

Van Douen, Vandoorn— Jacob Van Doom, as his name was given, 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. Ixi 

settled in New Jersey about 16'J(S. He had (j71) acres of laud near Hills- 
dale, and it is supiiused he procured the title for it from the Indians and 
also froui William Peuu and William (j-ibsou, to whojii the land was as- 
signed on Reid's map of KiKH. He was namoil as a jurtir in Monmouth 
11)95), in court proccediujis 1700; and himself and w. ilaryka wei'e amon^,' 
members of Brick Church, Marlborough 170J). Christian Van Doren set- 
tled at Middlebush, in Middlesex county, as did also his brother Abraham. 
They located o2o acres of land lying north of the church and Am well 
foad. Abraham was Shei-iff of Somerset county for twenty years, while 
the Court House was at Millstone. He was converted tinder the preach- 
ing of Whitefield and he was a deacon in the Dutch Eef(U'med Church at 
New Brunswick, 1752, at the same time as his brother Christian was elder. 
Christian's w. d. in 1801 in her '.)7th year and was widely moui-netL The 
first of the name Van Doom in this country was Cornelius Lambei'tsou 
Van Doom l(il2. In 1773 Cornelius Doru, of Freehold, blacksmith, is 
named. In tax list Freehold, 177(J, Vandorns are named. In Middletowu 
17()1, among taxpayers were Cornelius, Deatloff and Nicholas Dorn or 
Dome. 

Van Deventer — Peter Vande venter, of Middletown, bought land, 
1705, of John Hebron of Freehold. His will was dated April 25, 173:5, 
proved Dec. 11, 1783. 

Van Dyke -Charles Vaudike of Shrewsbury died in the early jjart of 
1734, as his Mill dated 1732, was proven March 11th of that j'eai*. The 
Van Dykes are said to descend fi-om Thomas Jans Van Dyke of Amster- 
dam, Holland. 

Van Hook — The first of this name in Monmouth was Areut or .\aron 
Van Hook, who, in a deed, dated 171-1, speaks of himself as "late of New 
York." Lawrence was the father of Aaron, who very shortly after also 
came to Monmouth and settled in Freehold township. 

Van Horne —Cornelius Van Hoiue, known as Captain Cornehus Van 
Horne, boi"u about 1695, settled in Monmouth in the early i)art of the last 
century. He married Catharine Cox who died within a year leaving a son 
named Thomas; he married 2nd, Elizabeth Lawrence, by whom he had 
three children: Matthi>us, Catharine and Elizabeth, and then she died. He 
afterwards married Hannah Seabrook, born 170(>, by whom he had six 
children: Mary, Cornelius, Al)ram, John, James and Daniel. Captain Van 
Horne emigrated from New Vork and had purchased a tract of land in 
Hunterdon county, containing over 3,000 acres and built the White House 
which is still standing and in possession of his descendants. From it the 
present tow-n of White House in Hunterdon derives its name. He returned 
to Hunterdon county and died Feb. 12, 1714, in the -lOth year of his age. 

Vanhise -William Vauhise was taxed for 2l>0 acres of laud and IH 
head of horses and cattle in Freehold, in I77fi. llobert and Wilham Van- 
hise were al.so taxed same year in same township. Abraham \'an Hise 
was m. to Margery (Stepe?) of Ujjper Freehold, 179i). The present family 
of the name in Brick and elsewhere in Ocean, descend from Isaac Vanhise 
who had sons, George, John, William ami Jesse. 

Van Kirk John Van Kirk "of Island of Nassau," (Long Island), 
bought land in Monmouth. 1703, of Richard Salter, attorney. The Van 
Kirks were early settlers of New Utrecht, L. I., where Jan Janse from Bu- 
ren in (ieldeiiaud, settled l()t>:5. 

Van Mater — .John Van Mater, sim of Kryn Jansen, was member of 
the Dutch Church 1713, grand Juror 1715, deacon, 172i», etc. The ancestor 
of the Van Mater family was Jan (xysberttien Van Materen or Van Mater, 
who came from Bommel in South Holland, l()(i3. He eventually settled in 
Monmouth. Joseph H. Van Mater was b. on the homestead 1775, and m. 
Ann, dau. of Aaron and Mary Van Meter, who was b. July '.», 17H5. He 
d. Oct. 10, 18()0. His s(5n J(")seph I. was b. July 25. 1H25", an<l m. Nov. 
18, 1H63, EHza Morgan, dau. of Daniel Ayres, of Brooklyn. Their children 
were: Daniel Ayres, b. Aug. 11, 1865; Josei)h Holmes, b. Feb. 20, 18r.7; 
Anne Morgan, b. April 2, 1H71; Jesse Ayres, b. Feb. H, 1878; Frederick, b. 
Feb. 8, 1878. 



]xiv HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Webb — George Webb was among the number who paid for land in the 
miginal jnirchase of the Indians 1067. He did not come to Monmouth. 
In Ocean county Zebulon Webli's sawmill was quite noted the latter part of 
last century and subsequently. James Webb Mas m. to Jane Lippencott 
June 31, 1801, by Daniel Stout of Goodluck. 

Wkbley - Edward Webley, in 1680, bought land of an Indian Sachem 
of CrossM-icks. He sold land to Thomas Webley 1686. The will of Thomas 
Weblev was date(^ at Shrewsbury, Jan. 10,1608, and proved March 29, 
1703. ' 

Wei.ls, Wills — Carvel Wells lived near Oyster Creek, about beginning 
of present century, on the place in late years owned by James Anderson. 
Wells bought the place of James Mills, father of James Mills, of Barnegat. 
Carvel Wells was m. to Rebecca Woodmansee, May 3, 1797. His will was 
dated 1818 ami pi-oved May of same year. James Wells, the father of 
Carvel, lived a few miles back of Waretown at Wells' Mills. James was of 
Quaker origin and during the war, having occasion to go off on some busi- 
ness, he put on the uniform coat of an American soldier which had been 
left at his house. This came near causing him to be killed, for the Refugee 
John bacon saw him and was about to shoot him, when he discovered who 
it was. He was well acquainted with Wells and warned him not to try 
such an experiment again. 

West — Thei'e was a John West who m. Anne Rudyard, dau. of the 
noted Thomas Rudyurd. The latter came frnni Staffordshjjce, England, to 
East Jersey in 16IS2. John West caiiu^ over on the ship lilossom, which ar- 
rived Aug. 7, 1678. In 1693 Ann West, widow of John, desired proprietors 
to confirm her title to her deceased husband's lands in Somerset county. 

White — Thomas White bought land of Thomas Potter and Judah 
Allen, which they had bought of Indians. 6th mouth, 1675. In 1685 
Samuel White is named as administrator of Thomas White. The will of 
Thomas White was dated Shrewsbury, Nov. 9, 1712, and proved Dec. 4, 
1712. William White was grand jur(Vl678. In 1714 George Allen deeded 
land to William W' hite, of New York. 

Whitlock- Under Grants and Concessions from Proprietors, Thomas 
Whitlock, in 1675, made claim for himself, wife and three sons, for 120 
acres per head — 600 acres. This is perhaps the earliest date named of a 
settler being in Monmouth. Others claimed to have settled the following 
year. There was a John Whitlock who settled at Ten Mile Run in Mid- 
dlesex countj', 1766; and a Moses Whitlock in same vicinity who married 
Catharine Barkalow about same time. In the Revolution, James A\Tiitlock 
was major, Ephraim and John lieutenants, and James and Lockhart, pri- 
vates. A number of the family are named among tax jiayers in Freehold 
township, 1776. 

WiLBUE — Samuel and Leah Wilbur were witnesses to a marriage in 
Friends' Meeting, Shrewsbury, in 1714. Leah Wilbur was m. to James 
Tucker in Friends' Meeting, Shrewsbury, in 1717. 

Samuel Wilbtik, of Portsmouth, R. I., had dau. Mary, who m. a 
Samuel Forman. Perhaps he was the same Samuel Forman, with w. Mary, 
named in Freehold records 1699 and thereabouts. John Wilbur, an aged 
citizen of Cedar Creek, who d. about 1850, was son of another John who 
lived near Toms River. 

WiNNKK, Winnow — John Winnow's (or Winner's) house is named in a 
survey 1790 l)etween North and Middle branches Forked River on main 
road from Goodluck to Egg Harbor. Jonathan Winner lived at same place 
at a little later date. Jonathan was m. to Sarah Predmore, July 28. 1800. 
His dau. or sister Mary m. Samuel Worden, who d. in 1812; she d. in 1828 
a. 59 years. King Winner of Toms River, a coasting captain, went West, 
probaVjly to San Francisco, about fortj' years ago. 

WiNci — Jerusha Wing m. Thomas Eaton, first of the family in Mon- 
mouth. She was a widow and had previously m. Josejih Wing, of Sand- 
wich, Mass., by whom she had two children, Jose])h and Jane. Her 
mai<len name was Mayhew and she is supposed to have been dau. of 
Thomas Mayliew, of Massachusetts. The first of the Wing family in 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. IxV 

New Engliiud wns Jubu, who had sou Johu, who hud son Joseph, who 
111. Jernshii Miivhew, April 12, 1C.72. 

WiLKixs tho will of William Wilkius, of Monmouth, was dated N(jv. 
I'.t 17:r2,1lud proved Jan. 22, 1732. It uaines w. Alice aud eight childreu. 
There was a William Wilkius who settled at (iraveseud, lO-tC; the William 
of Moumouth was Ids son. He bought laud iu Middletown of Richard 
Hai-tshorue Dec. 4, WM. In Bnrliugtou county there was a Thomas Wil- 
kius. In Upper Freehold 1731, William aud William, Jr., aud Obadiah 
Wilkius are named. , , , ,.,•,, . • 

WiLLETT, Wii.LETTs. Wii.Lis The Cattle mark of Samuel Willett is 
given. 1C.70, iu the old Middlet(n\-n Town Book. In 1(178, he hiul warrant 
for 120 acres ..f laud for himself aud wife in Shrewsbury from Proprietors. 
He is named as an iuuholder at Wakake about 1700. Timothy Willetts 
bought of John Reid, one quarter of one twenty-fourth of a Proprietary, 
aud in 1715, 100 acres were surveyed on Metetecunk River. The same 
year Timothy Willetts is named as owner of a large share of Poplar 
Swamj). In 1723, Joseph Willetts was an executor of the estate of Stephen 
Rii-dsall. Johu Willets, sou of Stephen aud Lydia, was the well remem- 
bered justice of the peaee aud judge, residing at West Creek. He was born 
April 22, 17117. He was a soldier in the war of 1SV2, iu the Tuckerton 
company. He was an active member and a local preacher in the Metho- 
dist chtirch; a judge of the court before Ocetxn was set off from Monmouth 
aud f(jr a long time was considered the most prominent man in West 
Creek. He married, Murt-h 11, IHlO, Hannah, dau. of Arthur aud Eliza- 
beth Thomjisou of Quaker Bridge, by whom he had ten childreu, four sous 
and SIX daiighters. 

Wn,i.iAMS— Thoums Williams had a patent from Proprietors, 1677, for 
m acres of laud. Johu Williams had patent, 1G«1; Edward Williams had 
patent 1087. The estate of Johu Williams, a loyalist, was confiscated 
and bought by Hugh Newell, in 1779. The deed for this was not recorded 
until 1826. Members of the family early settled in old Dover to-vnship, 
now in Ocejin county. 

Williamson— John Williamson was granted a tract of land, Oct. 15, 
1(575. His cattle mark was recorded July 27, 1082. Elbert Williamson, 
1730, bought laud of John Burnet, Freehold. 

Wilson- John Wilson was one of the original purchasers of laud 
of the Indians named 1007, and he was awarded town lot No. 3 at Middle- 
town and also ontlauds. In 1070 he was choseu deputy. He is frecpiently 
named subseciueutlv. The will of John Wilson, of Freehold, was dated 
March 1, 1732, and'proved March 30, 1734. It refers to wife aud children, 
but does not give their names. He d. in 1827, aged over 80 years. 

W^iNDER-Siimuel Winder m. Margaret, dau. of Thomas Rudyard. The 
latter came to New Jersey iu 1082, bringing his two daughters, Margaret 
aud Anne with him. Anne in. John West. 

W^iNTKB -William Winter, cordwainer, iu lO'.lO, bought laud from 
Benjamin aud wife Abigail Borden. In Middletown, 1701, James Winters 
was a tax paver. 

WiNTEKTON— Thomas Winterton w as among the original number who 
were awarded shares of laud in 1607. He was a Deputy of Shrewsbury, 
1008. In lt)77, Sarah Reape took up 240 acres of land in right of Thomas 
Wiulertou and wife. 

WoLfoTT, WooLcurr— -Samuel AVoolcutt aud wife had laud from Pro- 
prietors 1077; also a patent 1081. In 1088, May 10, the I'roprietors con- 
firmed title for 10(J acres iu Shrewsbury, to Samuel Woolcutt or his heirs, 
a.s he was then deceased. His will was dated May 7, 1087, i)roved Oct. 10, 
lt>87. The grist mill at Eatontowu, it is said, was once owned by Peter 
Wolcott, who erected the present mill; Wolcott was a carpenter aud also 
kept a store. He was father of the late Henry W^ Wolcott who was a. 
member of the Legislature, 1840. 

Wool) John Wood was amoug the number who paid for a share of 
land iu the original ])urrhase of the Indians. 1007. He was of Newport, 
Rhode Island. 



Ixvi HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

WooDMANSEE, WooDMANCY — The ancestor of the Woodmansee family 
of Ocean county was Thomas, who was settled in old Monmouth county 
at least as early as 1704. He was a son of GaVniel Woodmansee of New 
London, Conn., who bought land there 1G65. He d. 1685. He had son 
Thomas, who came to old Shrewsbury township, N. J., and Joseph and 
Gabriel. He had also a daxighter who married and left descendants. 
David, son of Thomas, was settled at or near Forked Eiver as early as 
1749. Samuel Woodmansee and w. Abigail settled in Ohio about 1818 or 

1819, and their son, George Woodmansee, was b at New Lexington in 

1820. Francis Woodmansee, son of Samuel, had one son Joseph, and both 
were among early emigrants to Ohio. They settled between New Lexing- 
ton and Vienna, where Francis took up some IGfMJ acres of land at about 
$10 or $] 5 per acre, most of which -was worth before he died, $50 or $75 
l>er acre. He had been a prosperous vessel owner at Forked Eiver, and 
took out with him, it is supposed, some §50,000 in cash. Joseph, sou of 
Francis and Hannah Woodmansee, d. Nov. 1, 1868, aged nearly 62 years. 
His wife, Abigail, d. Ai^ril 1(5, 1875, aged 6() yrs. A fine monument to 
their memory is erected in the cemetery at Vienna, CUnton couoty, Ohio. 
Reuben Woodmansee's son John and w. Harriet had several children, one 
of whom m. Newell Parker, son of ex-Sheriff Joseph Parker of Forked 
Rivei'. Reuben Woodmansee died, it is supposed, about 1808. His widow 
suVjsecjuently m. Jesse A. Woodmansee and had two children. 

WooDRow — Henry Woodrow of Freehold, sold land in Upper Freehold 
to Hugh Cowperthwaite, in 1749. 

Woodward — Anthony Woodward is freqiiently named in ancient 
Monmouth records about the beginning of the last century. He was of 
Freehold township in 1700. In 1704, he Mas a member of the Provincial 
Legislature from the county, and was also a justice or assistant judge of 
the coiirt, 1704-8 and therabouts. Among tax payers in Ui)per Freehold 
in 1731, were Joseph, William, Thomas and Widow Woodward Anthony 
Woodward, named above, was the founder of the New Jersey family of 
Woodward, was born in Derbyshire, England, 1657. He came to America 
in or shortly after 1682, and at length settled in New Jersey. 

WooLLEY — Emanuel WooUey is the first of this name mentioned in 
Freehold records. He was among the number who paid for and was 
awarded a share of land in Monmouth, 1667. He belonged to Newport, 
R. I., where he was freeman, 1655. He did not settle in Monmouth, and 
as some of his children came to the county it is presumed his share of 
land came into their possession. The sons Edward, William and John ara 
supjjosed to be the persons of these names who subsetxuently married in 
Monmouth. 

Worth — William Worth had warrant for land, 1(581, from Proprietors. 
Monis Worth had warrant for laud same year. In 1687, William Worth, 
planter, Shrewsbury, had warrant for 50 acres on Rumsons Neck; also for 
100 acres on Burlington Path. Edwfird Worth was a tax payer in Shrews- 
bury, 1764. The name Worth appears earlier in Middlesex than in Mon- 
mouth. Richard Worth was one of the original settlers of Woodbridge; 
John was a member of Provincial Assembly, 1699. In Shrewsbury, 1764, 
Edwai'd Worth was a tax payer. 

WoRTHi.EY — John Worthley of Shrewsbury, had warrant for 158 acres 
from Proprietors, 1679. Richard Worthley was taxed in Shrewsbury, 
1764. 

WouDEN, Warden — Penelope Wai-den was licensed to m. David Wood- 
mansee Dec. 21, 1744. Hannah Warden was licensed to m. James Wood- 
mansee Oct. 5, 1758. David and James Woodmansee lived in the present 
township of Lacey. "Samuel Warden's works " are mentioned in a survey 
to Jacol) Lawrence of land fifteen chains below North Branch Forked 
River on south side, in 1754. Samuel Warden's works were probably salt 
works. Previous to this, the name of Warden appears at Perth Amboy. 
There was a Peter Wanlen of Piscataway, 174:1, and a Peter Worden of 
Somerset, who in 1775 made will. There was a Sarah Worden who was 
m. to Thomas Casner in Stafford Unvnship by Amos Pharo about 1800. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. Ixvii 

One of the first, probably the first of the Worden family iu Americii, was 
Peter Worden, who, it is .sui)posed, came ffoTn C'layton^Tiaucaisbire, Eng- 
laud, au(T went to Ljiin, Mass., and from thence to" Yarmouth, Harustnble 
county, in the same State. "'His will was dated Fel). 1), 1G38, and proved 
March .5th, 163H. Admiral John Lorimer Worden, the hero of the Viattle 
between the Monitor ami Merrimac, was b. at Mt. Pleasant, in West Ches- 
ter coimty. New York, March 12, 1818. He was son of Ananias Worden. 
who was son of George Worden. Admiral Worden has a marked resem- 
blance to some of the Worden family of Ocean county. 

Wyckoff, Wykoff — Peter Wyckotf, and others of Flatlauds, bought, 
March 10, 1G85, of John Bowne, .^iMI acres of land in Monmouth, which 
Bowne had received from ])roprietors for grants and concessions. The 
common ancestor of the Wyckoff family was Peter Claesz, who emigrattid 
from the Netherlands iu in;K) and fiuallj' settled in Flatlands, L. I. He m. 
Grietje, dan. of Heudrick Van Ness. Among taxpayers in Middletown, 
17(>1," was John Wyckoff; iu Shrewsbury, 17r.4, Peter Wyckoff. 

Yard John Yard was a witness, 1717, 0th of 9th mo., to marriage of 
Daniel Tilton to ElizaV)eth Powell, both of ilonmouth, at Friends' Meet- 
ing Honse, Shrewsbury. William H. Yard was taxed in Upper Freehold 
in 1758. WUliain Yard, ancestor of this family, came from Exeter, in Dev- 
onshire, England, about lfi88, and settled first in Philadelphia and after- 
wards at Trenton. He had four sons, two of whom, Joseph aud William, 
accompanied him to Trenton. It was at one time proposed to call this 
place Yardtown but finally Treutstown, since shortened to Trenton, was 
settled upon. The sou William had five children. The name Yard was 
originally De Yarde, and the family is very ancient in Devonshire, and i' is 
said the founder came over A\'ith the Normans. In the Cromwell wars, 
John Y'ard, a valiant gentleman, is noted in the chroni(;les of Devonshire 
for his heroism in leading Lord Gray's forces across a bridge in the face 
of the enemy. The original surname of this family, De Yard, suggests 
that it."-; founder was a superintendent of the grounds or yard, or ijerhap.s 
(piartermaster of a castle or jilace occupied by soldiers. 

[Note — Amoug Mr. Salter's voluminous papers, the following additional genealogical 
notes under the letters H, I, J, K aud P, were not discovered tmtil after the ijriuci- 
pal portion of the record had been printed. They are herewith inserted.) 

H.\UNUEi.L, HoiiNDELL, HARND.iLE — Johu Hauudell was among original 
purchasers of land 1GG7. He was of Newport, II. I., and he sold liis share 
of land to Sarah Reape, Dec. 8, 1G74. His will, 1685, named two married 
daughters, Mary and Rebecda. The name ])roperly seems to have been 
Horndell, biit it is given as Hauudell, Harndale, Herndell aud Harudeu. 

Heak.se — Thomas Hearse lived iu old Shrewsburj*. Iu 1601 he sold 
lands at Shark Kiver, to Thomas Webley. His will was dated Jan. •26, 
171-i, and dii'ects that the hou.se aud lands wherein he lived should not be 
sold, but left for the use of the poor of Shrewsbury, or for a school house, 
as the justices of the peace shall determine. His w. Priscilla was also de- 
• vised property but as executrix to take advice on business of Jennett Lip- 
pencott and Elizabeth Worthley; bequests to the.se women and toothers 
were made. 

Hebkon, Hei'burn -Iu 1705 John Hebron of Freehold, sold land to 
Peter Vandeveuter of Middletown. In 1700 he is named as a commis- 
sioner. In 1714 John Hepburn was named as a commis.sioner. 

Heddbn — Marcus Heddeu's or Hedding's dam is uamed on Tou)s 
lliver 1748. In Christ Church bvirj-iug ground in Middletown, are toiidi- 
stones to the memory of Jonathan Headden, who d. .\pril 15, lHG-2, a. 82 
yrs., 2 mos. 11 days; Mary, his w., b. Aug. 5, 1701, died April 28, 1847. 
And to their daus. Esther, who d. 184:1, C!aroline, 1841, and Mary, 184G. 
At Freehold are records of deeds from Marcus Hedden and w. Esther of 
Middletown. In Stafford township Jonathan Headilen bought land iu IHOO 
of Luke Corteney and wife. In 1700, Sarah Heady bought laud of John 
Collins and wife. The Hedden family seems to hjivc betai <piite numerous 
in Morris county. 



Ixviii HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Hellens — Nicholas Hellens bouglit land of Ambrose Stelle of Freeholcl, 
1715. 

Henderson — lu the old Scotch buryiug ground is a tombstone to the 
memory of Michael Henderson who d. Aug. 23d, 1722; also to John Hen- 
derson who d. Jan. 1st, 1771, in his seventy-fourth year. John Hender- 
son was chosen clerk of the old Scotch Presbyterian Church, June 9th, 
1730. In 174f), he is named as an elder in the Freehold Presbyterian 
Church. The church edifice now known as the Tennent chrirch was built 
in 1753 and in 1751 the x^ews were sold and John Henderson paid Cl(S for 
pew number six. Among interments of Eicvolutionary soldiers in the 
old Tennent burying ground were those of Captain John Henderson, and 
Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Henderson. This family was of Scotch oiigin 
and many descend from the John Henderson who came over in the ship 
Heni-y and Francis in 1685. In Freehold, 177(i, among persons assessed 
were Dr. Thomas and Captain John Henderson and Samuel Henderson. 
Members of this family were active in the Revolution. 

Hendiuckson — Daniel Hendrickson and John Gibbonson (Guiberson), 
of Flatbu.sh, L. I., in 1693, deeded land to WiUiam Whitlock. Heudrick 
Hendrickson was juror, 1699. Daniel is named in coiirt procee(hngs, 17U0. 
He was high sheriff in the county about 1707, the first Dutchman ap- 
pointed to this office. In the records of the old Brick Clhurch, Marl- 
borough, David Hendrickson and w. Katriuk Van Dyke, and William Hen- 
drickson and w. are named among original members, 1709. Gerrit Hen- 
drickson was an early treasurer of same church. The name Hendrickson 
occurs at an early date among settlers of New Amsterdam, now New York, 
and on Long Island. In the records of the old Dutch Reformed Chiirch, New 
Y'ork, Jeurgie Heudrickzen was witness to a baptism, 1640. Daniel Hen- 
drickson. the first of this family named in Monmouth records, was said to 
be of Flatbush, L. I., 1693. Tobias Hendrickson was an active business 
man at Toms River about the time of the Revolution, owning saw mills, 
etc. He m. Rebecca, dan. of John Coward. Tobias S. Hendrickson m. 
Margaret Herbert, dau. of Joseph. She was b. Jan. 27th, 1802. They 
had children, Peter Perrine, Alchee, Samuel T., T. Conover and J. Holmes. 
David V. Hendrickson, b. 1823, m. Catharine E. Perrine, daii. of William 
I. They had children, Charles, WiUiam P. and Catharine. He d. Feb. 
20th, 1863, and his w. Catharine m. second husl)and Joseph Dey and she 
d. 1883. A Monmouth tradition says that the William Hendricks, first 
named in Monmouth, had two grandsons who settled in Eastern Pennsyl- 
vania and that from one of these descended the late Vice President, 
Thomas A. Hendricks, of Inihana. Hon. William Hendricks once in Con- 
gi-ess from Indiana, and an uncle of the late Vice President, was born in 
Westmoreland county, Pa., 1783, and moved to Indiana in 1811. 

Hepbxuin— John Hepbui-n was named us a comiuissioner in 1711. The 
name Hepburn occurs as a land and mill owner in Ocean county, in sur- 
veys two or three generations later. 

Heebekt, Hakbekt, Haeboe — Bridgett Herbert made an agreement to 
rent house and land in MidtUetown, of Edward Smith, March 25, 1671. 
Thomas Herbert, yeoman, of Middletown, had warrant for 131 acres of 
land in 1676, and 132 acres in 1677. In 1695 8, Tht)nias Herbert was col- 
lector of Middletown. In 1703 Walter Herbert, of Shrewsbury, deeded 
land to his lo^^ng brother Henry, of Middletown. In 1732 Henry Herbert 
bought laud at "Barnegat on Metetecunk," of William Marsh and others. 
Among soldiers in the Revolutionary army were James, Daniel, John and 
Thomas Herbert, of Monmouth, and Obadiah, Robert and Edward Herbert 
(or Harbert) of Middlesex, and Samuel Herbert, county not named. Hon. 
John W. Herbert, of Marlborough, gives his line of descent as follows : 
Obadiah, one of the nine children of Obadiah Herbert and w. Hannah Law- 
rence, m. in 1765, Elizabeth, granddaughter of Thonuis Warne, and had 
three sons, John, William and Obadiah, and two daughters, Sarah and 
Elizabeth. The son WiUiam, b. 1771, in Middlesex county, married, in 
1801, Eleanor Conover, dau. of Benjamin, and had childrcm Obadiah, Con- 
over, William W., John W., Abby E., Hannah E., who m. Garret Cottrell, 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. Ixix 

iiti.lEloauor. John W. Horbovt m. iu IKoT A^'utts D. Wri^'lit. diin. of Sdva^-c 
Wi-igbt. Conover Herbert iii. Ehziibcth, ilau. of David I'rovoHt and had 
several cliildren. 

HErciHEs— Abner Heiighes is named aa a defendant iu land trials 17UL 
Hetder — William Heyder bad wan-ant for 00 acres of land ir Shrews- 
bury 1C7G. 

HirK — Benjamin Hick is named as both plaintiff and defendant in 
suits lOH'.t. Joseph Hiokke is called brother by Priscilla Hearse, in her 
will 1720. Mrs. Sarah Reape became possessor of the share of land in 
Monmouth of Gabriel Hicks. 

HiGHAM— Thomas Higham was m. KJDfi by Peter Tilton to Jane Sad- 
ler, widow of Richard Sadler. 

Hkkjess— Richard Higgens, deceased, left widow Phebe of Essex 
county, and letters of administration were granted to Peter LeConte, 
physician, of Monunrnth. Thomas Higgens' will, 1702, is among Middle- 
sex unrecorded wills filed in Secretary of State's office, Trenton. 

HioBEE - Edward Higboe, of Middletown, in will dated Aug. 21, 1710, 
names sons and daughtei-s. It is said that Edward Higbie ni. a dan. of 
Thomas Skidmore, of Long Island or L'onnecticut. An Edward Higbie, of 
Jjurliugton county, one of the sons, probably, was appointed his admin- 
istrator . 

HiLBORN'E— Thomas Hilborne had patent for laud from proprietors 
1081. In 10".)4 he is named as a grand juror. He m. Elizabeth flatton, a 
widow, in Shrewsbury, 12th of 10th mo., 10S8. 

HoFi' -John Hoff, single man, was taxed 1701, iu Middletown. In 
1793 John Hotf and Helena, his w., deeded land to Thomas Stout. It is 
said that John Holf was a son of William Hoff, and that his w. Helena was 
dau. of John Stout, and great-granddaughter of Richard and Penelope- - 
Stout, founders of the Stout family in New Jersey. John Hoff and 
Hellenah, his wife, had eight children. Leonard, the eldest, was killed 
during the Revolutionary war. He was shot by a Tory named John Tilton, _ 
iu May, 1778, after ho had surrendered as a jtrisoner of war] The Holf 
family "were early settlers of the ncu'th-easteru part of the State. The will 
of Tunis Hoff of Somerset was dated 1783. Members ot this family of 
Somerset and Hunterdon, were soldiers iu the Revolutionary war. The 
Hotf family are of Dutch origin, and their uame first appears iu Long 
Island records as Haff or Haf. 

HoFi'MiKE —In records of marriages iu Middletown Town Book is the 
following: Joshua Silverwood and Mary Hofuier were m. at Ry, (Rye?) by 
Joseph Horten, uuigistrate of ye fore said town of Ricy, this 5th of Janu- 
ary. 107'.i." The will of Samuel Hoffmire oi Middletown, dated Nov. 2ith, 
1710, was proved June 3d, 1712. 

HooE -William Hoge is named as a grand juror, 17<M); in 1710, he is 
uamed as of Freehold in a deed from him to Peter Watson. He was prob- 
ably of Scotch origin, some of the uame being mentii>ned among Scotch 
who were supjjosed to have come to Pei'tli .\mboy. 

HoL>i.\N -The lirst of this family nauie iu Freehold records was Sam- 
uel Holcmau or HoUlxiun, of New[iort, R. I., who was among thi- original 
-purchasers, 10C)7. In the division of town lots at Midilletowu, recordeil 
Dec. 30th, 1007, he was given lot number thirteen and also an outlot same 
unmber. He did not however settle in Monmouth. The first of this 
name who settled iu Monmouth was Robert Holmau who bought land of 
Daniel Estile, 1<)K;». Joseph Holmau of Upper Freehold, left will date.] 
Sept. 10th, 1740, proved Sept. 20th, 1741; it uaund w. Thamson, six sous 
aud four dans. In 1801, Apnl ITith. Robert Hobnan m. EHzabeth Daw- 
son. The tirst of the name of Holman who came to .\merica was Edward, 
who liad land giauted to him at Plymouth, 1023. 

HouAiUN John Horabiu was among original purchasers, 1007. He is 
uamed as a defendant iu court, 107:"), aud his (rattle mark was recorded in 
the old Miildletowu Town Rook. 

HoUNUELL John Horndell, or Haundell paid for a share of land, UKw. 
He was of Newjiort, K. I., and he sold his share to Surah Reape, Dec. 8th, 



Ixx HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

1G74. He was a freeman of Newport, 1()55, and his will was dated New- 
port, 1685. 

HoENFULL — The will of Eichard HornfuU, of Upper Freehold, dated 
1806, proved same year, named w. Sarah, sons John, William and Ezekiel, 
and daughters Martha and Elizabeth. 

HoENEK — John Horner and w. Mary, of Tadeaster, in_XQriiShire, Eng- 
land, in 1683 came"to America, and they and Isaac Horner were settled in 
Burlington county 1685. Richard Horner, who lived near Hainesville, had 
sons Benjamin, Eichard, Joseph, Merritt, David and Isaac. The son Ben- 
jamin m. Hannah, dau. of John Hammel, and one of their sons, Hon. 
George D. Horner, represented Ocean county in the State Senate for six 
years. He resides at New Egypt and is a well-known Professor of the 
Academy at that place. Some members of this family owned farms near 
Hornerstown, from whom many years ago the village derived its name. Of 
this family was Judge Alexander Horner, of Camden. Thirty-eight of this 
family served in ihe Revolutionary army. 

HoKSMAN — Marmadiike Horsman is named in a road survey, 1708. 
Among tax payers in Ujaper Freehold, 1731, were Marmaduke Horsman 
and SamT^el Hoisman. 

Howard — The first of this name in old Monmoirth was Ma,tthias 
iioward, who, with his w. Hester, lived at PoUand Point. They were 
among the first settlers there, as Henry Percy deeded land to him May 16th, 
1669. Wright Soper who d. near Barnegat about 1834, m. Elizabeth 
Howard, who, it is said, was of the Burlington family of Howards. Tji^ 
Howards were an ancient family on Long Island. William Howard, the 
founder, settled at New Lotts. He Viout^lit land 1699. He lived to be a 
centiiry old. He had w. A^ ^j g nil .gnd four children. 

HuBBAED — James Hubbard, the tirst of this family who settled in 
Monnouth, was named in census of Gravesend, Long Island, 1698; shortly 
after this he left and settled in Middletown, where he j^urchased land. In 
1710 he bought land of James Cox, late of Middletown, now of Freehold; 
in 1711 he was justice. In 1721 Major James Hubbard sold land to Aaron 
Flj'howart or Frythowart, weaver. His «ill M'as dated Jan. 30, 1719, 
proved Jan. 16, 1724; it named w. Rachel, son James and daughters. The 
son James, named in the will, it is said, was an imbecile and d. 1764 with- 
out issue, hence the father has no descendants bearing the name of Hub- 
bard. The Hubbards of old Monmouth descend from Samuel, a brother 
of the tirst James of Monmouth, who had a son also named James, b. June 
18, 1706, who m. Sept., 1729, AUye Ryder and had children. The follow- 
ing curious entry was copied from Lib. 3 of Gravesend records, by the late 
Hem. T. G. Bergen : 

"The record of mee James Hubbard: To Certifie mine or any other 
of his brethren William: John; Henry and Margret wth him selve ye 
youngest of leaven sonns and Datters ; yet butt five known of here of our 
father Henry Hubbard and out mother Margrett; of ye Towne of Langham: 
in j'e Countye of Ruttland, yeaman; stands upon ye record of ye regester 
To be ye 123: Generation; As 1 have receved by letters in ye yeare 1669: & 
my children wth ye Rest of my Bretherens children are ye 124: Generation: 
wch I, James Hubbard of Gravesend on ye wester end of long He land de- 
sired To have Recorded on ye Tunies Register of Gravesend: for his Chil- 
dren To add & to have respect unto: for there better knowledge of There 
Relations in ye parts of Urope ye land of England in Cass of There 
Travells To Those parts." 

Of the eleven children of Henry and Margaret Hubbard of Langham, 
Rutlandshire, England, William, John, Henry, Margaret, and James, who 
was the youngest, came to America. 

HuBBs— Josejih Hubbs is named as defendant 1689. Charles Hubbs 
of Madnan's Neck, Long Island, bought land of Caleb Shreve, of Freehold, 
1()99. Charles Hubbs was a grand juror 1720, and the same year Robert 
HuV)l)s was shot at V)y an Indian. 

HiiDDY — Captain Joshua Huddy who had command of the Block 
House, Toms River, in 1782, was a captain in the Militia, 1777, in which 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. Ixxi 

year ho was authorized to raise a company of artillery. lu 1778, he was 
statioued at HaddoufielJ, and the foUowinp; j'ear he was in service in Mon- 
mouth. He was inhumanly liantjed V)y the Refugees, April l'2th, 17H2. 
He left a widow and two children Elizabeth and Martha. Mjirthn m. a 
Pratt and went West to Cincinnati, Ohio, where she was living' in 183('), at 
the advanced age of 75 yrs. Elizaljeth m. a Greene and both daHL;hters 
left descendants. The name Iluddy is amonf;; the earliest of West Jersey. 
Hugh Huddy is named as taking up land, 1681-1710. 

HuET, Hrrr, Hewett Randall Huet, Sr., and Randall Huet, Jr., were 
among original .settlers and named as " townshippers," 1()67. The father 
was given town lot at Portland Point number seven, and the sou lot num- 
ber six. The court was held at the home of Randall Huett, Sr., in ICIO'.J. 
This family is said to be of Huguenot origin. Randall Huet died soon after 
settling at Porland I'oint. His will was dated Jan. 12th, 1C()',). He left w. 
Margaret and three sous. He was probably a merchant and innkeeper as 
among the bills for articles furnished to the Indians in exchange for their 
land was an item of one pound sterling paid to Randall Huet for mm; and 
the court was also held at his house. Bridgett Huett was m. to John 
Chambers, Sept. 4th, 1G9G. Sarah Huet. dau. of Thomas m. John Lippen- 
cott 7th 5 mo., lfii)2. 

HuLET, HuLETT— George Hullett took oath of allegiance in Shrews- 
bury 16()8. In 1679 he was granted by proprietors 192 acres and his name 
given as Hulett and Hewlet. The name of Ilulett is fre(|uently found in 
old surveys of land between Toms River and Forked River. In 1745 a 
swamp " formerly called Hulett's swam])," on Forked River, (then called 
Oyster Creek) is named. In 1748 Robert Hulett's dwelling house at 
or near Goodluck is named, and Hulett's grist mill subsequently named 
may have been on the stream now known as Quail Run, in Berkeley town- 
ship. The noted Thomas Potter, who l)Tiilt the old Goodluck Church, m. 
Mary Hulett, dau. of Robert Hulett; Mary Hulett Potter, w. of Thomas, 
executed a deed for one-half of the Goodluck church property to Rev. 
John Murray. This deed is still well preserved and in i)ossession of Mr. 
Rogers, at Manchester. Robert Hulett had another dau. named Elizabeth, 
who probably m. Isaac Potter. In 1764 the family was (piite nuuierous in 
old Shrewsbury township, which then extended to Oyster ("reek in the 
present county of Ocean. The first of this name in Monmouth was George. 
The name of George Hewlett was previously (1659) found at Hempstead, 
L. I. 

HuLii— Raque Hull was taxed in Upi)er Freehold 1758. Jeremiah was 
taxed 1776 in Freehold. Judge John Hull, son of Hopewell Hull was b. 
between Princeton and New Brunswick in 17()2 and came to Monmouth 
county where he lived 60 years. He d. in 1853 in his 92d year. He had 
two daughters one of whom married Amzi McLean, Es(]., of Freehold, 
and the other married a Mitchell, of White Plains, N. Y. 

HuLSHART, HoLSAEKT — Beujamiu Holsaert bought land of Thomas 
Hankinson 1717; he and w. Annitje Luyster joined the Marlborough Brick 
Church same year, where the baptism of several of their children was re- 
corded. In 171H he liought land in Freehold township of Marte Salem 
and also from Cornelius Salem. In these deeds he is sai<l to be from New 
Utrecht, L. I. The will of Benjamin Holsaert, recorded at Trenton, was 
dated Oct. 18, 1732, proved May 20, 1733. It named w. Hauneke and sev- 
eral children. In 1761 Tice Hulst was among taxpayers in Middletowu 
township and in 1764 Garret Hulsart and Daniel Hulstats in Shrewsbury 
township. 

Hi'N, HuNN — The will of Adrian Hunn of Middletown was dated Jan. 
nth, 1737, and proved Jan. 18th, 1737. It named w. Phebe. He was 
buried in To])anemus graveyard; he d. Jan. J 5th, 1737, aged 28 years and 7 
months. Thomas Hun was a tax payer 1761, in Middletown. He was a 
major in the Revolution and ca.shiered 1781 for conduct unbecoming an 
officer. John S. Hunn was a private in that war. 

HuNLocK — Letters of administration on estate of Francis Bowue, 
widow, were granted to Thomas Hunlocke, 1717. 



Ixxii HlSTOllY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Hunt — William and Ann Hunt are naiuetl lf')85, among witnesses to 
the maiTiage of Job Throckmorton to Sarah Leonard. William Hunt's 
lands are referred to 1708, in road surveys; he was a grand juror, 1711. 

Hutchinson -Robert Hutchinson's "corner tree" is referred to in a 
road survey, 1705. In 1712 he bought land of Edward Lambard which he 
and w. Sarah sold in 1716, tf) Lawrence Van Hook — both of Freehold. In 
1750, and thereabouts, several tracts of land in what is now- Ocean county 
were owned by William HiTtchinson. The noted Methodist preachers, Rob- 
ert, Sylvester and Aaron Hutchinson, brothers, were of this family, and they 
had a fourth l)iother who was also a preacher. They were grandsons of 
Wilham and Ann Hutchinson, the latter of whom has this remarkable in- 
scription on her tombstone: "Sacred to the memory of Ann Hutchinson, 
relict of William Hutchinson, Esq., departed this life Jan. ■1th, 1801, aged 
lt)l years, 9 months, 7 days. She wnn the mother of thirteen children, and 
grandiufjther, great-grandmother and great-great-grandmother of 375 i>er- 
sous." Rev. Sylvester Hutchinson d. Nov. 11th, 1840, aged 75 years. The 
founder of this branch of the Hutchinson family of New Jersey was 
Robert, one of the persecuted Scotch who c^ame to this country in 1G85, 
and landed at Perth Amboy and from thence eventually reached Mon- 
mouth. 

HuTTON — Samuel Hutton in l(i77 wanted a warrant for as much land 
iiK appears to be due to Peter Easton as a first purchaser. Peter Easton 
was a first i)urchaser; he lived in Rhode Island. Hiitton i^robably d. be- 
fore 1081, as in that year Elizabeth Huttf)n or Hatton claimed warrant for 
land. 

Hybes, Hiees, Heyees —William Hyer, late of New Brunswick, bought 
land 1730 of Thomas Boels, Freehold. ' John Hyer, cooper, of Monmouth, 
bought land in Monmouth of Thomas Warne in 1730. In 1743 William 
Hyer and w. Marie joined the old Marlb(3roiigh Church. Among taxpayers 
in Middletown 1761 were WiUiam, John, Peter and William Hire (as the 
name was spelled on Assessor's book). In the Revolutionary war Hen- 
drick, Walter and William Hier were soldiers. Walter was wounded at 
I'leasaut Valley, Middletown township, in a skirmish June 21, 1781, by a 
cut on his forearm with a sword or cutl.ass and by the wound he lost part 
of the bone and his hand was rendered almost entirely useless. In Free- 
hold, 1776, among taxpayers were Walter Hire and George Hire. The 
founder of this family was of English origin, though the first comer to 
America settled with the Dutch of New York. Five of the Hyer or 
Heyers family intermarried with five children of Teunis Van Pelt who 
lived for a short time in Monmouth, but returned to Gowanus, near 
Brooklyn. The will of Garret Hires, of Freehold, proved 1812, named w. 
Mary and seven children. James A. Hyer, a well known resident of Toms 
River, d. Nov.. 17, 1883, aged 65 years. He m. a sister of Ex-Sheriff Clay- 
ton Robbins; she d. some five years before him. He left two sons and two 
daughters. He was b. in Monmouth county, but came to Toms River 
about 1844. At one time he kept the old tavern ojaposite Cowdrick's Hotel 
and also once ran a stage between Toms River and Freehold. Judge Lewis 
A. Hyer, editor of the lialaoay Democrat was a younger brother. 

Imlay— Peter Inday bought land, 16!»3, of Thomas Boel. In 1710, 
I'atrick Imlay and w. Margaret sold land to Adrian Bennett. In 1705, 
Patrick Imlay was (jne of the founders of the Presbyterian Church of 
Freehold. The mill at the place now known as Imlaystown, came into ])os- 
session of an Inday about a century and a half ago and he owned it until 
about 1763. The mill at AUentown was bought by Peter Imlay 1781, and 
John Imlay, 171)2. Dr. WiUiam Eugene Imlay lived in his later years at 
Toms River where he died in 1803, aged 48 yrs. He was son of Peter and 
Susannah Imlay; he graduated at Princeton 1773; during the Revolution he 
was captain in the third regiment, Hunterdon county, als(j cajjtain in the 
Continental arn)y. He was frecjuently elected to responsible town offices 
in ol<l Dover township. His descendants emigrated West. 

Inoham, lN(ii!AM — Thomas Ingham and ye widow Elizabeth Cox werem. 
Ill Miildletowu, Sept. ilth, 1681, as recorded in Middletown Town Book in 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. Ixxiii 

the latter part of IG'JU. The name is early mentioued iu New En^^laiiil; 
Thomas Ingham of Scitiiate hail a child who d. Ifi47, and he is named in 
Plymouth Colony Records M'AV^, as a weaver. The name was sometimes 
given as ln<;raham and Ingram. 

Inman- Tradition says that the tirst of this name in Ocean county was 
Aaron, who was b. 170i), an<l came from I'uwtucket, R. I., and settled in 
Htali'ord township. He had sous Job and Stejihen. Esther luman, 
widow of Job, bought land, 1813. John Inman was m. to Elizabeth Lip- 
pencott Oct< '2'.k\, 1796, by Amos Pharo, Justice of the Peace. The 
founder of the Rhode Island family was Edward Inman. The old 
stock of Inmaus iu Stafford were noted as whale catchers. They had l)oatK, 
harpoons, kettles, etc , on the beach. Aaron Inman d. at Barnegat, April 
21.st, 18HH, aged !)8 year's. He had sons Stt-phen, Lewis, Jarvis, Michael 
and Rarton. ^itephen Inruan, brother of Aaron, lived at Rarnegat and had 
children WilUaui, Stephen, John R. and dau. who m. Richard Cox. 
Aaron Inman's son Michael was master of the schooner Jonas Sparks dur- 
the late civil war and with one of his brothers was drowned by the sinking 
of the vessel iu the Potomac His son Barton became also master of a 
vessel and died at Baltimore in 1SS7. 

Inxes — The cattle mark of Archibald Innes is recorded in Aliddletown 
Town Book, March, 1G8'J. In 1709 Alexander Innes, clerk of Middletown, 
sold land near Daniel Applegate's and others. Rev. George Keith, in his 
journal of Oct. 2(), 1702, .says Alexander Innes was in priest's orders. He 
continued to preach in Freehold, Shrewsbury and Middletown until his 
death iu 1713. It is said that he gave ten acres of land on which Christ 
church, Middletown, staud.s and left tive pounds to each of the churches 
where he had preached. His will was dated July 7, 1713, and proved 
Aug. 3, 1713, and named niece .Margaret, dau. of John Innes, deceased, 
late of Aberdeen, North Britain. Executors, Ax'chibald Innes and Dr. 
John Johnson. 

Isaacs —Solomon Isaacs, late of Freehold, was appointed attorney for 
Isaac Enumuel about 172U 3 . 

Irons- James Ii'ons was taxed in Shrewsbury, 1764. About 1795 to 
1800 James Ii'ous and John Irons are named as living between Toms 
River and Schenck's Mills. The will of John Irons, dated 1820, proved 
1821, named w. Hannah, eight sons and one daughter, heirs A tradition 
in this family says thej' descend from a Scotchman, who went to Connec- 
ticut tirst and from thence to New Jersey, and that he had three sons 
named Garret, James and John. 

IviNs — Caleb Ivins' saw-mill is mentioned in surveys in latter part of 
last century. Anthony Ivins took up laud in Ocean county in 1815 and 
^subsecpiently. This family descend from ancestors who wei"e early set- 
tlers in Byrlington count3^ Isaac Ivins had license to many Sarah John- 
son of Mansfield, Burlington county, April 26, 1711. In 1724, Isaac Ivins 
owned 84 acres in Springfield township. Isaac, Sr. and Isaac, Ji". are 
named 1750 to 1760. One of them, probably Isaac, Sr. kept a stoi-e at 
Georgetown in Burlington. In 1773 Isaac Ivins, Jr., of Chesterfield, Bur- 
lington county, bought a plautatic)n in I'pper Freehold of Robert and Eliz- 
abeth Hutchinson. In 1800, Aaron Ivins, deceased, of Bucks county, Pa., 
had executor Aaron Ivins, who sold land on Doctors Creek, near 
Allentown, to John Clayton. The branch of the Ivins family which settled 
at Toms River, descended from Israel Ivins, son of Moses and Ke-iah 
Ivins. He was b. Feb. 10, 17()0, and m Margaret Woodward, and d. June 
11, 1822. Thev had eight sons. Anthonv, b. Sept. 28, 1781, m. Sarah R. 
WaUin and d. April 21, 1851; Samuel, d. Nov. 29, 1819; Robert, d. Feb 27, 
1816; Moses, d. April 30, 1K76; Israel, d. 1802; George W. d. April 5, 1876; 
James, d. April 3, 1877: Charles, d. Jan. 29, 1875. The son Anthony 
settled at Toms River, and was a leading man iu business and imblic 
matters. He had several children. Margaret W. who married Washington 
McKean. Thomas W. born ilarch 5, 1809, m. Marv A. Lijipencott, Dec. 
11, 18:U, d. March S, 1877. Emehne m. Daniel W. Bills, Allentown; 
Israel, who settled in Utah. Anthony, d. Oct. 2, 1817. Anthony W.. re- 



IXXIV HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

moved to Utah, and d. Nov. 23, 1870. Edward W., d. March 188(1. One 
of his sons, Anthony, long hved near New Egypt. He was a member of the 
Legislature in 1860. He had children Elizabeth L. who m. Thomas M. 
Howard, Jan. 13, 1858; Howard who m. Mary Emma, daughter Selah Oli- 
phant, Jan. 13, 1863, and was Treasurer of State of New Jersey, 1866-7, 
and Abaline T. I^ins. Edward VV. Ivins was Sheriff of Ocean county 
1853-6, and Superintendent of Life Saving Stations. 

Jackson — Francis Jackson, carpenter, boiight, in 1675, Hugh Dike- 
man's share of land. He was attorney for Christopher Ailmy 1684. In 
1686 a warrant for land was granted bj' Proprietors to Francis Jackson; 
also January, 1687, for 179 acres and March, 1687, for 100 acies. In 1691: 
he bought land of Hannauiah CJifford. He was court crier 1683-1. In 
1696, he was witness to a deed between Thomas Cook and Thomas Web- 
ley. He d. about 1698, as in that year Samuel Leonard Avas administrator 
to his estate. He left children William, Marj', EUzabeth aged 12 years 
and Francis Jackson, Jr., aged 13 months. It is j^robable that his wife 
died shortly before he did as the last named child was given to the care of 
Francis Borden and Jane his wife, and the administrator was directed to 
pay for its care; the dau. Elizabeth was also given in care of Francis Bor- 
den, who may have been related. The son William was placed with 
George Allen to learn the weaver's trade; the dau. Mary was placed with 
John Worthly and Elizabeth his wife. Francis had bequest in will of 
Francis Borden, 1703. In old Shrewsbury township, among tax- 
payers in 1761 were Benjamin Jackson, William Jackson and 
son, and William Jackson, Jr. In 1776 Henry and Richard Jackson lived 
in Freehold. Edwin Jackson, an aged citizen of Toms River, who lived 
at one time on the Salter place on the bay, d. Oct. 30, 1883, a. 93 years. 
In 1815, March 21, Joseph Salter and m'. Rachel deeded this land to Na- 
thaniel Jackson, Edwin Jackson and Joseph Jackson for S6,.50Q, beginning 
at mouth of Dillon's Island Creek, along Toms River 65 chains, refers to 
Ezekiel's Creek; one thousand acres; also one-third of a swamp; refers to 
house where one Stout lives, formerly James Mott's. In Massachusetts 
there was and is a Jackson family of considerable prominence. The 
history and genealogy of the family which has been published and the 
name Francis occurs in this family in almost every generation. On Long 
Island a Jackson family, of which Robert Jackson of South old, 1643, was 
the founder, has been quite noted. A sketch of this family is 
given in Thompson's History of Long Island, vol. 2, p. 37. William 
•Jackson is named in Court records 1716 to 1718 and thereabouts. His 
eldest dau. is referred to in John Hulett's will 1736. In 1698 a Jackson 
came into court and chose George Ciarlies his guai'dian; his first name is 
not clearly written in court records, but it was probably Hugh, and the 
date being the same year that Fi'ancis Jackson d., leads to the inference 
that he was the eldest son of the last named. In 1719 Hugh Jackson 
bought land from Nicholas Brown, of Burlington county, "his loving 
brother-in-law," laud in Monmouth, then occupied by said Jackson. 
Brown had formerly lived in Monmouth. He is also called brother-in-law 
by Nicholas Potter in a deed 1729. Another Hugh Jackson of as\;cceeding 
generation, and w. Mary, had children: Hugh, b. March 25, 1754, d. Feb. 
12, 1834; William, Peter, Isaac, Joseph, Mary and Mercy. This line has 
been preserved. 

Jacob -Thomas Jacob and w. had i)atent for 120 aci-es from Propri- 
etors in 1676 in Shrewsbury Jacob Jacobs had a sawmill and owned land 
aboiit 1760 near Tcuus River. Jacob's Branch maj- have derived its name 
from him. In 1764 Houce Jacobs was taxed in old Shrewsbui-y township. 
Jacob Jacobs was an overseer of Specdwill sawmill on East Branch 
of Wading River. Jacob Jacobs in 1761, bought land in Tcmis River on 
east side of Doctors Long Swamp, "which vents into Toms River at west 
end of Dillon's Island." JacoV)s' saw-mill is named about same time. His 
line of land and mill are frequently referred to. In 1764, Houce Jacobs 
was taxed in old Shrewsl)ury township. Jacob Jacobs probably went to 
Wading River, as in 1779, one Jacob Jacob was overseer of Speedwell saw- 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. Ixxv 

luill. owiud by l^t^njiiuiiu riuidoli'b Jaime's brnncb is iinineil iu surveys 
17<U, and fit'qtiontiy tLorejitter, nnd is cnlkd Jncr lis' lirniuli iu a survey 
1H15. The first iiaiitioued uf tLe uanic .Idcobs wiis Thuiiias au<l wife, 
who had from lu-ojirietors ono luiudrod aud twenty acres in ItiTti. 
The founder of the Falkinbiirp family, Henry Jacobs FalkiulmrK, was 
sometimes called Henry Jacobs and in some ancient records Jacobs was 
given as Ids surname 

Jamks -William James was one of the original purchasers of the lands 
in Monmouth of the Indians. In December, 1607, he sold to William 
Keape bis half share for twenty ])ounds sheeps' wool and 3.'>s. in other pay 
e(|nal to pork and beef at cunent prices. He was of Portsmonth, R. I., 
where he was a freeman Ifion. He was a sou of Thomas James, one of the 
fouudei-s of the tirst Baptist Society in America; the one at Providence. 
1088, and was called "loving friend and lirother" by Roper Williams; it is 
said he became an ordained preacher. His son William, named above, did 
not come to Monmouth. The lirst of this name who settled ia Mi^n- 
moutb county was Richard James, who is named IG'.Mt as a witness to a 
deed. In idlK) and ITitl he bought land of Thomas Hilborue and w. 
In 1701 be bcmght laud of John liowde. In 1717 he sold hind to John 
Taylor. The deeds show that be Uved in Freehold. Robert James is 
named 1700. The name Robert was banded down in this family for sev- 
eral generations. In 177G Robert James was a large property bolder in 
Freehold, taxed for :ilS acres of land and sixty-four horses and cattle, and a 
Robert was a sergeant iu the Revolution. In 18; lO Robert James of Mon- 
mouth bought laud of Lydia Laird. The same year Robert James of West 
Winsor, Middlesex county, bought land of Lewis Robins and w. Sarah, 
In 17',»() John and Joseph James were executors of Richanl James. Robei-t 
James was dece:ised iu 180U. and his executor was Reujamin Jack- 
son. Iu 1800 Robert James and w. May, sold laud to Divid Hrotherton. 
of " Winsor, ^Middlesex county." Members of this family left the county 
shortly after the Revolution. The History of Wa.shingtou county. Pa., 
says (p. yOl) "Richard James, >)f Upper Freehold, N. J., purchased of 
Gabriel Cox, April 'in, 178(5, .503 acres of land," etc. 

Jeffrey —Francis Jeffrey and Thorlough Swiney, iu 1G7G, bought laud 
at Deale in Monmouth county, of Thomas Potter, which they slKUtly after 
sold back to Potter. In l(17i» Francis Jeffrey had a warrant for PJd acres 
of laud at Deale from Proprietors. Iu 1(181 he received another patent 
and iu 108.3 be bought land of Robert Turner, a Proprietor. In l!"i8S in a 
deed his residence is given as in Shrewsbury township. Francis Jeffrey 
was married to Ann Worth. 2d of 12th month, 1080, at bouse of Eliakim 
Warden iu Shrewsbury by Friends' ceremony. Among umrriages recorded 
at Freehold are the following: Deborah Jeffrey m. Samuel Reynolds, Jr.. 
Nov. 4. 17".»'.»; Jesse Jeffrey was m. to Alii-e Rogers A]>iil 'MK isdo The 
late Judge Job F. llandolph m. Margaret, dau. of William Jeffrey, of Pot- 
ter's Creek, now Bayville. This William Jeffrey m. Margaret Child. Jef- 
frey is a Rhode Island name. Robert Jeffreys was one of the original 
settlers of that province 10;W aud was treasurer KUO. He may be the 
same Robert Jeffries who with w. EHz.nbetb, came to this country in ^lay 
10;}."), in the ship Elizabeth aud Ann, at which time Robert was ;{0 years 
old and his w. 27 years. About the tirst Jeffrey or Jeffries who came to 
this country was William, who was at Salem, Mass., 1()28. He lived jit 
Jeffries' Creek, now called Manchester, near Salem. A uotice of him is 
given in Collections of Es.sex County. Mass., Hif<torical Collectious. vol. 1, 
p. 190. The name, Wm. Jeffrey or .Jeffries, subse<pieutly, in l('>(i4, is found 
among members of Rhode Island Legislature. The name is variously 
given as Jeffrey, Jeffri. s, Jeff eray and .Jeoftreys. Among taxpayers iu 
Shrewsbury 17oi, were Daniel, Francis, John, Lewis, Richard and Thomas 
Jett'rej'. 

Jerney, JonsEV- John Jerney of Manas(pxan, Shrewsbury township, 
made will dated Dec. 0, 17:n, jjioved Dec. ">, 1738. He named w. Eliza- 
beth ami three son.s. In 17(54 he was taxed iu old Shrewsbury t«>wnship. 
Jer.sox John Jersou bad a wan-ant for land 1070 nnd in 1081. 



Ixxvi HISTOKY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Jenkins— John Jenkins of Sandwich, in Plyiuontb Colony, was among 
those who fontiibtited to buy the land of the Indians, 16(>7, and he was 
awarded a share. He was an active Quaker and iu liio'.). was, among 
others, frequeutly lined for adherence to his faith and had property levied 
on and sold to pay tines . His name is frequeutly mentioned in 'New Eng- 
land local histories. Job Jenkins, in 1687, had 100 acres of land in Mon- 
mouth of Proprietors. He .had w. Hannah and a dan. .Susanna, b. in 
Shrewsbury 15th of 9th month, 1G8-1. He d. 11th of 7th month, 1637. 

Jennings— John Jennings is named in court records June, 1(581). The 
first of this name iu New England was John Jennings who came iu shiij 
Ann to Plymouth in 1G23 and had lot number five among original settlers 
in that historic place. The first of the Je.nnings family was Henry, who 
came to this couutrj' iu 1B77, in the ship Kent, and was one of the oriLdual 
settlers of Burlington. This Henry Jennings left five children The de- 
scendants of Henry and Thomas are (piite numerous iu New Jersey and 
elsewhere. 

Jewell, Juel — William Juel was a grand juror 1715. John Jewell 
was taxed tor 169 acres in Freehold, 1776. 

JoNKs— Robert Jones is the first of this name in Monmouth records. 
He was assigned town lot number thirty-three at Aliddletown in Dec. 1670. 
It would seem that he was of New York. Tho7uas Jones was a taxpayer 
1731, in Upjier Freehold, and Christopher Jones in Shrevvsbiiry, 1764. 
John Jones was m. to Elizabeth Ferguson, July 10th, 1803, by Amos Pharo 
of Stafford. 

Job, Jobs — The first Job in Monmouth was John, named Sept. 1670, 
iu court proceedings. The constable, Edward Smith, complained that 
John Job refused to aid him in watching drunken Indians and that the 
said Job said " What a divell have I to do with you or his majesty either?" 
and whfu others laid hold of him at the constable's command, he said "A 
plague confound you all " To which Job pleaded he knew not that Smith 
was constable. He was himself api)ointed constable 1675. In 1676 he had 
a patent for 120 acres of laud from Proprietors, and George Job had also a 
patent for 120 acres. In records at TrentcJn it is said that John Jobs had 
in 16S5, servants imported, viz: Archibald Campbell, John Moore and E. 
Dauboro. John Job, probably second of the name, m Eachel, dau. of 
Peter ^Vilson, who refers to her in his will. In July, 1720, letters of ad- 
ministration on the estate of James Jobs were granted to William Jobs, of 
iliddletowu. Richard Jobs (second ?) of Freehold, iu will dated March 10, 
172(i, proved Oct. 5, 1727, named w. Catharine; sons George, John, 
Samuel and William; daughters Mary, Kachel and Catharine. Executors, 
w. Catharine and brother Samuel. In 1721 William Jub sold laud to John 
Mott, carpenter. 

Johnstone, Johnston, Johnson— James Johnstone and John Johnstone 
brothers, are frequently named in Freehold records. John was president 
of the court at Shrewsbury 1691; the next year he deeded land to Thomas 
Waiuright. It is sui>i)osed that James and John Johnstone were sons of 
John Johnstone of Ochiltree, Scotland; James was deuouuced IMay, 168-i, 
tor aiding in a rebellion and he escajied to this country . He first settled 
near Spotswood, to which it is presumed he gave the name as he had re- 
side 1 iu Sootswoode, iu Scotbiml. He d al)out 1698. Dr. Jolinstone and 
descendants are noticed iu Whitehead's History of Perth Amboy. In 1687, 
August 1th, John Johnston, of Middletown, was appointed Chief Hanger of 
^Monmouth county and his appointment was recorded at Perth Amboy. 
Benjamin Johnson was one of the earliest settlers at Toms River whose 
name has been preserved. His residence is referred to iu old surveys 
about 1711. In old Shrewslniry township among taxyayers iu 1764 were: 
Beujamiu, James, ileudrick, Elisha, David, Ezekiei, Luke and Joseph 
Johnson or Johnston. Iu Middletown, 1761, among taxpayers were: Har- 
luau, Garret, Johu, Jacob, Lamltert, Aiatfhias nud Skiltou Johuson. 
David Johnson of Stafford, sold laud in 1800 to Luke Courteuay. 

Jolly, Jolley -William Jolly m. Jean, dau. of Richard Watson and 
both are named iu Watson's will 1736. Another William JoUev of a sue- 



GENE.\LOGICAL RECORD. Ixwii 

•ceediufj generation, mn\ w. Hanuali had dan. Samb, bom about 17N(t, who 
d. Feb. 10, l8Uti 

Jtdah Samuel Judah is named iu a deodot Catbaiiue Huddy 1774; he 
was then of New York. Ho had children, cMest Heujaniiu S.. "merehnut 
of New York; Cary, bite of New York, but settb^d in Freebobl, 17H'.i, as a 
merchant, Amelia, Sarah and Rebec-ea. 

K.^iGHX, KaighiS- John Kaigbiu. bite a]))ircntieo to Thomas AVarae, 
had bind of Proprietors lliSr. wbn'b ho si.bl to Robert Ray iRbe?) iu ir.!S8. 
In 168l» he bouglit 3tl acres of Walter Newman, who was" also late apjiren- 
tice to Thomas Warue. In l(i8S i) he is .said to Iu- "late of Monmouth.' 
He bought of Robert Turner in lOUfi. also of Jeremiah Mates IfiUS. In 
1699 he bought lands of West Jersey Proprietors at Newtown. In the Perth 
Amlioy rei'ords his name is given as Kaighin, Keighen, etc. 

Kek, Kere -Walter Kerr had 30 acres of land dee.Ied to him 1(;8S by 
Thomas Parr, brickmakor. servitor to Gawen Laurie, late governor. lii 
1689 James Johnston deeded 'A) acres to Walter Kerr. In 1091 James 
Johnston deeded land to Walter Kerr in right of bis second son, James 
Ken-. Walter Kerr, the iirst of the name iu Monmouth, was banished 
from Scotland Sept. 3, 1685. and it is supposed that be and w. Margaret 
and children came in the shij) Henry and Francis, which arrived iu this 
country December, 168"). Shortly after bis arrival he settled in Freehold. 
He was one of the founders of the Presbyterian ('burch 1705. In 17-46 
WiUiam and Samuel Ker were deacons in the Presbyterian ( "hurch and 
Joseph and Walter Ker were elders same year. Many members of old 
Monmouth families went to (,'bester, Lancaster and other counties in 
Eastern Pennsylvania, from 1715 to 1730 and in the next generation there 
was quite an oxodus from these families to the valley of Virginia and 
Western North Carolina, au'l it is possible that among "the num1>er, were 
descendants of Walter Kerr, of Freehold The epitai)h on the tombstone 
of his w. is as follows: 

"Here lies what's mortal of Margaret, wife of AValter Ker, who de- 
parted this life October ye first Anno Domini one thousand seven hundred 
and thirty-four, in the seventy-third year of her age." 

The inscription on the third headstone shows that Margaret, wife of 
Joseph Kerr, d iu the year 1745, aged 33 years About half a mile to the 
east of the Tennent Church, (Ui the summit of a wooded hill belongin-,' to 
the estate of the late Sheriff Porriue, is an old family burying ground 
which was originally owned and used for burial purposes by the Ker or 
Carr family. There are only three persons interred there, namely: Walter 
Kerr, Margaret, bis wife, and Margaret, wife of Joseph Ker. 

KiLLiK David Kilhe, of Middletown, was son-in-law of Thomas Bills 
of Sbrew.sbury, who iu 170*1, for "love and alfecticm" deeded biui one-half 
the land be then occupied which be bad purchased of John Starkey 1697. 
The estate of DaWd Killie was admiinstered upon 1737. The cattle mark 
of David Killie was entered in iliddletown Town Hook Dec. 24, 169.S. 
David Killy was licensed to m. Hannah U'oodmnnseo Feb. 25, 1730. Joseph 
Killey was licensed to m. Hannah 'lilton Aug. 20, 1747. 

KiMMONS -Cowpertbwaite Kimmonsof .\mwoll, iu Hunterdon county, 
sold laud to Joseph Cowpertbwaite in INU], who then was of Waterford, 
Gloucester county. Keimmius, it i-; said, owned the grist-mill at New 
Egypt. In 17'.I2 Williaui Kiiumous of Mauslield, l>urhugton county, ap- 
pointed as his attoruev Jonathan Cowi)erthw.;ite, merchant, of Upper Free- 
hold. 

Kino — John King bad a warrant for sixty acres of land in H'i77. In 
16S3 he is iianiel iu court proceedings as deceased. Another Jnhu King 
was grand juror 17211. Iu 17;n John King was taxed iu I'jiper Freehold. 
Joseph King of Baniegat, wis m to Betsey Ridgway, Jlirch 12, 1812. by 
Silas (^rane of Stafford. 

KissiAX. KixMox Patrick Kinnion was a resident of Freehold. His 
will, ilatod 1709, naiues throe sons and two danghtei-s, vi/: John. Joseph. 
William, Ann and Margaret. Thomas Kiumon is also uioutionod iu the 
will. 



Ixxviii HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

Ketch AM —^Drtuiel Ketchiim is named as a grand juror 1720 In ITG-i 
David and Daniel Ketebam were taxed iu iSbrewsljury township. 

KiHBY — John Kirby's residence is mentioned 1708. He probably lived 
near the Burlington county line. He may have been of the family of 
Richard Kiiby, noted in the annals of early members of the Society of 
Friends, who was at Lynn, Miss, lti37, moved to Sandwich, Mass., the 
next year, and thence to Oyster Bay, L. I , where he or his son Kichard is 
named 1()!j:3-168o. About 1658 he became an active Quaker, and himself 
and sou Eichard suffered in tines with Peter Gaunt, and George Allen 
whose descendants also came to New Jersey. The name John Kirby 
appears at Dartmouth, Mass., among tii'st settlers. He maj' have been a 
sou of tlie first Richard. Richard Kirby, probably second of the name, 
had ^^'. Jane and after her decease married again. Had son John Ijorn 2d 
March, 1G73; Robert, March 10, l()7o. It is probable that it was this last 
John who is named in Monmouth. Sarah Kirby m. Matthew Allen, June, 
1»557, and the name I^Iatthew Allen siiljseijuently appears among settlers in 
Burlington, N. J. The Kirby family early settled in Burlington county. 
Richard Kirby, New Hanover township in 1724, owned 450 acies of land; 
Benjamin Kirby, same year, owned 290 acres. In 1737 William Kirby of 
same township owned 150 acres. '1 he iiist named Richard Kirby, in 1718, 
bought land of Benjamin Borden, who then lived in Burlington county. 

Kipp, Kip -Heudrickus Kip was a member of Brick ('hurch, Marlbor- 
ough. 1721. In 1731 Willemtse Van Yoorhees, w. of Hendrickus Kip. 
joined same church. The will of Hendrick Kii)p was dated March 2;». 
1733; proved .\pril IG, 1734; speaks of him as residing in Middletown, and 
named w. W'illiamkie. Executors, Benjamin Van Cleve of Freehold, Han- 
nah Lyeter (LuysterV) and Cornelius Wycotfe of Middletown. 

Knott— Peter Knott took up land, it is said, as early as 1720, at Hur- 
ley's Corners in Wall township. In 1734, he bought land of John Roe- 
head in same vicinity. He is named among persons who early took up 
laud and in the present county of Ocean. His sou David also took up 
much land. Peter Knott's will was dated Felj. 17, 1770; his dans, married 
as follows: Rebecca to Remembrance Lippencott; Rachel to Peter Van 
Dike; Abigail to Gavin Driimmond; Mercy to C'ourad Hendrickson and 
Catharine to James W'ilson. His executors, 1770, were Gavin Drummond 
and Conradt Heudricks (Hendrickson V) In 1800, Peter Knott and w. Lydia 
sold laud near Goodluck. to David Woodmansee 

Lacey -William Lacey, founder of the Lacey family, came from the 
J-'^liLQi-yuylit, it is said, with \\illiani Penu In 1718, his sou John ni. 
Racliel Heston. The will of General John Lacey is recorded iu Mouut 
Hcillcy. It was dated at New Hanover in 1811, and proved March 14, 1814. 
It bequeathed to w. Antis estate after debts pidd. To dau. Eliza, wife of 
William Smith, one thousand dollars and also release of what she has 
already had. Dau Kitty, wife of William Darling, (Darlington?) one 
thousand dollars. Dau. Jane C. Lacey, two thousand dollars. The will 
.says: " W'hereas Ferrago Furnace, in county of Monmouth was built in 
partnership with my son Thomas R Lacey and the title is with me, if my. 
son Thomas pays one-half expenses iu i>rocuriug said lands and building 
forge then my executors to deed to him one half," etc Refers to partner- 
ship of Cooke and Lacey in New Mill Forge, then closed, and his son given 
teams and otiier things from that forge worth about seventeen hundred 
dollars. Requests his w. Antis to care for his aged int)ther. Executors, 
Caleb Newbold and Wilhini Irick. The will of Anln Lacey, widow of 
General John Lacey was dated 1815, and proved Feb. 181(i, of New Mills, 
uow Pend)erton. She gave to her son Thomas R. Lacey all her estate at 
New Mills, dwelliug house, barns, mills, etc. The remainder of her 
]jroi)erty to her three daus. Eliza Smith, Catharine DarUngton and Jane C. 
Hough. 

Lafetra- Edmund Lafetra was among the original purchasers of the 
laud in Monmouth of the Indians l()(i7. In the settlement of the bills he 
is uamed as a " towushi[)per." He had from proprietors iu 1G75 a warrant 
for 180 acres of land;iu lt)7'J another for 170 acres aud the .same year another 



GENEALOGICAL liECOliD. Ixxix 

for 150 a<-res, l)y lamls of llobevt West ami others. In IC.Sl L.- had another 
wfirrant. lu lt'>7<) be was a jnvor. lu eonrt reeonls are notices of several 
suits between l(i7() and 1()77 with Fraueis Lee Maistre or "Masters," as 
the name was sometimes <;iven; in first suits Lafetra was jihiintilf ; in the 
last suit, Auii. -IH, lli77. Le Maistre sues him for the sum of C-1 for ciie year's 
lodging, waiting ami looking after cattle. The sum sued for was so "small 
that it may have been only for a balance claimed between them. The item 
in the bill for lodging indicates that he was not then married; he was m. 
twice, and his second marriage to Frances W est, widow of Robert, must 
have occurred shortly after. 

Lambert— Edward Lambert of Fre(>hold, in will dated December, 1711, 
names brother Josiah, cousins John Lau>bert, son of brother -rohii. and 
Joseph, son of Josejih, and Elizjdieth Lain. Henry Marsh, in his will 
dated 171'i, names dau. Isabella Lambert. 
y^ Mark Lucar was a member of the Kai>tist Church at Newport, K. 1.; 
in l()-48 was freeman; in K)")") and April 2U, l(;7r., he had a legacy of fifty 
shillings a year, ;ayable in provisions from llev. .John Clark. He d. Dec. 
■2(), 167fi, leaving descendants as far as known. In 1072 he sold his 
share of land to \Villiam Deuell of Newport, who gave it tf> his son. nenja- 
min Deuell. Liicar was an ancient name in Loudon. In " Herald's Visi- 
tations," lo(>S, 'iueiifion is made of Emanuel Lucar, of London, who had 
children ( iprian, Mark, Martha and Emanuel. The name JIark suggests 
the jirobability of the Newport Mark being of that family. 

J.VMES Lkonard was of Taunton, Mass., ancestor of Leonards of that 
State and elsewhere, and noted as one of the first to set up iron works in 
this "ountry. His brother, Henry Leonard, came to Mcumoirth antl 
aided in establishing the iron works at Tinton Falls. Jame,-; Leonard sold 
bis share to Sarah Eeape in 167i and in 1075 she took up 240 acres in his 
right. 

P.VKKEU— The first of this family in Old Monmouth were Joseph Par- 
ker and Peter Parker, named in Shrewsbury in 1(>()7-M. Thomas Parker. 
Sr., and Thomas Parker, Jr , are named in Freehold records in 1716. 
Joseph Parker was one of the most prominent men in Old Shrewsbury, 
Commissioner, Justice of the Court, Deputy to the General Assembly, 
etc. In the General Assembly in 1GS2-3, he and John Bowne were fore- 
most in efforts to maintain the rights of the people of Monmouth against 
the demands of the Board of Proprietors. Joseph Parker appears to have 
died in 1085, as in May of that year letters of administration were granted 
on his estate to Jedediah Allen, who was his successor in the Assendily. 
Peter Parker was appointed constable in 1007. Joseph Parker, second of 
the name, in his will dated 1723, devises hind in Shrewsbury township to 
his wife, Elizabeth, and nine children. The following genealogical notes of 
the Parker famih% furnished by a member of it, will enable descendants to 
trace back connectedly their genealogy for about a century and a (juarter. 
Thomas Parker, of Freehold tt)wnship, m. tirst a Miss James Their chil- 
dren were Robert, John, ^bothof whom went West at an early day) Thomas, 
Anthony, William, Lydia, who married William Barkalow and Ann, 
who married a Thompson. Anthony Parker was born Sept. I'A, 1775, 
and nuirried Phel)e Stout, daughter of David Stout; she was born .\pril 
24, 1777. Thomas Parker m. second wife, Sarah Stout, and they had chil- 
dren: Joseph, Hannah, who m. Cornelius Thomj)son, Charles, .\my. who 
m. David Eeid; Mary, who m. John Johnstone; Joel, who d. unman-ieil. 
and .\nn, who m. John Clayton. The children of Thomas, (third sou of 
Thomas) were Thompson, Isaac, Amy, Carolina, Lydia Ann, Mary Ann 
and George. The children of Anthony, who m. Phebe, dau. of David 
Stout, were Thomas, David Stout, Abigail, who m. iiev. Da\id B. Salter, 
John and Joseph. The children of William, son of Thomas, were Jesse, 

Hannah, who m. Cheeseman, Lewis, Edmtind, Tliom.- s. Robert, 

Lydia, James, William and John. The children of Lydia, who m. William 
Ba»"knlow, were .\nn, who m. Job Emmons: .\my, who m. D D. l>enise, 
and Thomas P., the noted hotel proprietor. The children of Joseph, son of 
first Thomas, were Sarah Ann, Achsah and Henry. The children of Han- 



IXXX HISTORY OF MONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES. 

nah, who m. Coruelins Thompsou, were Pemberton, Burr, Mary Ann and 
Sarah. The chiklren of Charles (formerlj' State Treasurer I were Helen, who ni. 
Rev. George Burrowes; Mary, who m. James B. Glover; Joel and 
Charles. The children of Amy, who m. David Eeid, were Aaron and 
Thomas. The children of Mary, who m. John Johnson, were Lydia, who 

m. Gravatt, and William. The child of Ann, who m. John Clayton, 

was Mary, who m. Potti^. Charles Parker, son of Thomas, m. 

Sarah Coward, a dan. of Joseph Coward, a heroic soldier in the Revolution. 
He (Parker) lived at Toms River about 1810, and at Forked River about 
1812-14, and then removed to Freehold or vicinity. He was a member of 
the Legislature, Sheriff of the county, and State Treasurer for many years. 
His son Joel was a member of the Legislature, twice Governor of the 
State and Judge of the Supreme Tourt. He m. Maria M. Gummere, dau. 
of Samuel R. Gummere. of Burlington, and their children were Elizabeth 
G., Charles, Helen and Frederick. The children of Mary Parker, who m. 
Col James B. Glover, were Rev Charles P., Frank, Helen and Mary, the 
last two dead. David Stout Parker, son of Anthony Parker, m. Emehne 
Salter. John Parker, sou of .\uthony, m. Hester Wooley. Joseph Parker, 
son of Anthony, m. Elizabeth Predmore; he was the first Sheriff of Ocean 
county. 



THE END. 




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